A solid oxide cell gas distributor

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of solid oxide cell gas distributor, belong to solid oxide cell technical field, this solid oxide cell gas distributor includes distribution cavity, gas inlet pipeline, gas outlet pipeline and splitter plate;The distribution cavity is cylindrical structure, the top of the distribution cavity is equipped with circular gas inlet hole, the bottom of the distribution cavity is uniformly distributed with multiple circular gas outlet holes;One end of the gas inlet pipeline is connected with the gas inlet hole of the top of the distribution cavity by flange, the other end of the gas inlet pipeline is used to connect gas source;The number of the gas outlet pipeline corresponds to the number of the gas outlet hole, one end of each gas outlet pipeline is respectively fixedly connected with corresponding gas outlet hole by welding mode;The utility model can solve the technical problem that high-speed airflow of existing battery gas distributor directly impacts the gas outlet hole of the bottom of distribution cavity, and easily causes uneven gas distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of solid oxide battery technology, and more specifically, relates to a solid oxide battery gas distributor. Background Technology

[0002] Solid oxide batteries (SOBs) are highly efficient electrochemical energy conversion devices widely used in distributed power generation, combined heat and power (CHP), and new energy vehicles. In SOB systems, fuel gas and oxidant gas need to be supplied to multiple battery cells, and the gas distributor is a key component for achieving uniform gas distribution. Existing gas distributors commonly employ a simple pipe-based diversion structure, where a main pipe branches into multiple branch pipes, each connecting to a battery cell. The main problem with this distribution method is the unstable gas flow in the main pipe; branch pipes closer to the gas inlet receive more gas, while those farther from the inlet receive less, resulting in significant differences in gas supply to each battery cell. To improve distribution uniformity, some existing technologies use flow-blocking elements such as perforated plates or screens inside the distributor, attempting to homogenize the airflow by increasing flow resistance. However, this method significantly increases system pressure loss, requiring more powerful gas delivery equipment, thus increasing system energy consumption and cost. Some existing technologies employ complex multi-stage distribution pipelines to achieve uniform distribution through multiple flow splits. However, this approach is structurally complex, involves numerous components, has high manufacturing costs, and is prone to leakage at pipeline connections, especially in the high-temperature operating environment of solid oxide batteries, where sealing issues become even more pronounced. Existing gas distributors generally suffer from problems such as low distribution accuracy, large pressure loss, complex structure, or poor reliability, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of uniform gas distribution in solid oxide battery systems. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a solid oxide battery gas distributor that can solve the technical problem that the high-speed airflow of the existing battery gas distributor directly impacts the gas outlet at the bottom of the distribution cavity, which easily causes uneven gas distribution.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a solid oxide battery gas distributor, comprising a distribution cavity, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and a diverter plate. The distribution cavity has a cylindrical structure, with a circular inlet hole at the top and multiple circular outlet holes evenly distributed at the bottom. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet hole at the top of the distribution cavity via a flange, and the other end is used to connect to a gas source. The number of outlet pipes corresponds to the number of outlet holes, and one end of each outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the corresponding outlet hole by welding. The diverter plate is disposed inside the distribution cavity and is disc-shaped. The geometric center of the diverter plate coincides with the geometric center of the distribution cavity in the vertical direction. The diverter plate is connected to the inner wall of the distribution cavity via a support rod. The surface of the diverter plate has multiple arc-shaped grooves arranged radially, extending from the center area to the edge area, with the depth of the arc-shaped grooves gradually increasing radially.

[0006] The technical advantages of the solid oxide battery gas distributor provided by this utility model are as follows: By setting a flow divider plate with an arc-shaped groove inside the distribution cavity, when gas enters the distribution cavity from the inlet pipe, the airflow first impacts the central area of ​​the flow divider plate, and then diffuses towards the edge area along the guide of the arc-shaped groove. Since the depth of the arc-shaped groove gradually increases radially, the speed of the airflow is regulated during the diffusion process, so that the gas can be evenly distributed to each outlet pipe, avoiding the problem of uneven distribution caused by the gas concentrating in a few outlet holes. At the same time, the disc-shaped structure of the flow divider plate matches the cylindrical structure of the distribution cavity, ensuring the symmetry and stability of the airflow distribution and improving the working efficiency of the solid oxide battery.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the solid oxide battery gas distributor of this utility model can be further improved as follows:

[0008] The vertical distance between the diverter plate and the top inner surface of the distribution cavity is greater than the vertical distance between the diverter plate and the bottom inner surface of the distribution cavity.

[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by making the vertical distance between the manifold and the top inner surface of the distribution cavity greater than the vertical distance between the manifold and the bottom inner surface, the gas enters from the intake pipe and forms a larger buffer space above the manifold, which allows the high-speed incoming airflow to be fully decelerated and diffused, avoiding the airflow from directly impacting the center of the manifold and causing excessive local pressure. At the same time, the smaller space below the manifold allows the gas to flow more quickly to each outlet after being guided by the manifold. This spatial layout, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, optimizes the velocity and pressure distribution of the airflow and further improves the uniformity of gas distribution.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the arc-shaped grooves is 6 to 12, and the arc-shaped grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the diverter plate, with a raised diverter ridge formed between two adjacent arc-shaped grooves.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: by setting 6 to 12 arc-shaped grooves evenly distributed along the circumference, and forming raised diversion ridges between adjacent arc-shaped grooves, the airflow is divided into multiple independent flow channels on the surface of the diversion plate. Each arc-shaped groove guides a portion of the airflow to flow in a specific direction, while the diversion ridges play a role in isolation and guidance, preventing the airflow of adjacent channels from interfering with each other. This multi-channel diversion structure makes the incoming gas evenly divided into multiple streams, with each stream corresponding to several outlet holes, thereby achieving precise gas distribution, avoiding the flow distribution deviation that may occur when diverting through a single channel, and improving the overall performance of the distributor.

[0012] Furthermore, the edge of the diverter plate is provided with a downwardly extending annular baffle, and an annular channel is formed between the inner surface of the annular baffle and the inner wall of the distribution cavity.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: By setting a downward-extending annular baffle at the edge of the manifold, an annular channel is formed between the inner surface of the annular baffle and the inner wall of the distribution cavity. When the gas reaches the edge of the manifold after being guided by the arc-shaped groove on the surface of the manifold, the annular baffle further confines the airflow within the annular channel, so that the airflow flows evenly along the circumference of the distribution cavity before entering the bottom outlet. This design increases the mixing and homogenization process of the airflow before it reaches the outlet. In particular, for the outlets in the bottom peripheral area of ​​the distribution cavity, a more uniform gas supply can be obtained, eliminating the uneven distribution phenomenon that may be caused by the edge effect.

[0014] Furthermore, the cross-section of the diversion ridge is trapezoidal, and the width of the bottom edge of the diversion ridge near the center of the diversion plate is greater than the width of the top edge away from the center of the diversion plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by making the cross-section of the splitter ridge trapezoidal, and the width of the bottom edge near the center of the splitter plate is greater than the width of the top edge away from the center of the splitter plate, this trapezoidal structure makes the guiding effect of the splitter ridge on the airflow gradually weaken in the radial direction. Combined with the design of the arc groove depth increasing in the radial direction, the splitter ridge provides strong guidance and support when the airflow velocity in the central area of ​​the splitter plate is high, and the guiding effect of the splitter ridge weakens when the airflow velocity in the edge area decreases, so that the airflow can enter the annular channel more freely. This changing trapezoidal structure optimizes the flow field distribution on the entire surface of the splitter plate, so that the airflow can be properly guided at each radial position, further improving the uniformity of distribution.

[0016] Furthermore, the arc of the arc-shaped groove is 30°~60°, the starting depth of the arc-shaped groove in the central region of the diverter plate is 1~3mm, and the ending depth in the edge region of the diverter plate is 5~10mm.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: By limiting the curvature of the arc groove to 30°~60°, and the initial depth in the center region of the splitter plate to 1~3mm and the final depth in the edge region to 5~10mm, these specific geometric parameters ensure that the guiding effect of the arc groove on the airflow is neither too strong, causing the airflow to be over-concentrated, nor too weak, causing the guiding effect to be insignificant. The curvature of 30°~60° allows the airflow to smoothly deflect along the direction of the groove without generating eddies. The depth change from 1 to 3mm to 5~10mm causes the cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow to gradually increase radially, which matches the law of the airflow velocity decreasing after diffusion, thus maintaining the stability of the airflow.

[0018] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the intake pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the distribution cavity, and the sum of the inner diameters of the outlet pipes is greater than the inner diameter of the intake pipe.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by making the inner diameter of the inlet pipe smaller than the inner diameter of the distribution cavity, and the sum of the inner diameters of the outlet pipes greater than the inner diameter of the inlet pipe, when the gas enters the larger diameter distribution cavity from the smaller diameter inlet pipe, the airflow velocity suddenly decreases while the pressure increases, forming a stable high-pressure gas region, which is conducive to the uniform diffusion of gas in all directions. At the same time, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet pipe is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet pipe, ensuring that the gas can flow smoothly out of the distribution cavity without generating back pressure. This pipe diameter configuration with a small inlet and a large outlet optimizes the pressure distribution inside the distributor, reduces airflow resistance loss, and improves distribution efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, the distribution cavity is made of stainless steel, and the diversion plate is made of ceramic or stainless steel.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by using stainless steel for the distribution chamber and ceramic or stainless steel for the distributor plate, stainless steel has good corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, and can withstand the high temperature and high pressure environment when the solid oxide battery is working. Ceramic material has excellent high temperature resistance and chemical stability, and is not prone to corrosion and deformation under high temperature oxidizing atmosphere. Stainless steel distributor plate has good processing performance and cost advantages. The choice of the two materials provides flexibility for the application of the distributor under different working conditions and cost requirements. At the same time, these materials are well-known industrial materials, easy to obtain and process, ensuring the reliability and economy of the distributor.

[0022] Furthermore, the number of support rods is 3 to 6, the support rods are evenly distributed circumferentially along the inner wall of the distribution cavity, one end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the edge of the diverter plate, and the other end of the support rod is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the distribution cavity.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: By setting 3 to 6 support rods evenly distributed around the inner wall of the distribution cavity to connect the flow divider plate and the distribution cavity, one end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the edge of the flow divider plate, and the other end is welded to the inner wall of the distribution cavity. This connection method makes the position of the flow divider plate inside the distribution cavity stable and reliable, and it will not be displaced or tilted due to airflow impact or temperature changes. Setting the number of support rods to 3 to 6 ensures sufficient support strength, and will not cause excessive obstruction to airflow due to too many support rods. The even distribution of the support rods around the circumference ensures that the flow divider plate is subjected to balanced force, thus extending the service life of the distributor.

[0024] Furthermore, the top inner surface of the distribution cavity has a conical structure, with the apex of the conical structure facing the bottom of the distribution cavity, and the air inlet is located at the bottom of the conical structure. The angle between the conical surface of the conical structure and the vertical central axis of the distribution cavity is 15°~45°.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: By designing the top inner surface of the distribution cavity into a conical structure with the cone apex facing the bottom of the distribution cavity and the air inlet located at the bottom of the cone, the angle between the cone surface and the vertical central axis is 15°~45°. After the gas enters from the air inlet at the cone apex, the inner surface of the cone plays a pre-distribution guiding role on the airflow, so that the airflow diffuses evenly in all directions from the cone apex. This structure reduces the stress concentration caused by the airflow directly impacting the center point of the splitter plate. The cone angle of 15°~45° ensures the diffusion effect of the airflow and avoids the increase in cavity height caused by an excessively large cone angle. This pre-distribution design, combined with the diversion effect of the splitter plate, forms a two-stage distribution system, which greatly improves the uniformity and stability of gas distribution.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the solid oxide battery gas distributor provided by this utility model are as follows: This utility model establishes a multi-stage gas distribution system by setting a flow divider plate with an arc-shaped groove inside the distribution cavity, combined with a conical cavity top structure and an annular baffle. The gas is first pre-distributed through the conical top, then finely distributed by being guided by the arc-shaped groove on the surface of the flow divider plate, and finally homogenized through the annular channel. This multi-stage distribution mechanism effectively solves the problem of uneven gas distribution, ensuring that the gas flow deviation obtained by each gas outlet pipe is controlled within a small range, guaranteeing that each connected solid oxide battery unit can operate under the same working conditions, and improving the working efficiency and output power stability of the entire battery system. The use of high-temperature resistant materials such as stainless steel and ceramics, as well as reliable connection methods such as flange connection and welding, ensures that the distributor can operate stably for a long time without leakage or deformation in the high-temperature working environment of solid oxide batteries. The flow divider plate is firmly connected to the inner wall of the cavity by a support rod, avoiding displacement under the action of airflow impact and temperature stress, further improving the stability of distribution accuracy. This utility model has a reasonable structural design, few parts, simple manufacturing and assembly process, low cost, and is easy to promote and apply. At the same time, it is easy to maintain, has a long service life, and has significant economic benefits and practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a gas distributor for a solid oxide battery.

[0029] Figure 2 A front view of a solid oxide battery gas distributor;

[0030] Figure 3 A top view of the flow divider plate of a solid oxide battery gas distributor;

[0031] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0032] 10. Distribution chamber; 11. Air inlet; 12. Air outlet; 20. Air inlet pipe; 30. Air outlet pipe; 40. Flow divider; 50. Support rod; 60. Arc-shaped groove; 70. Annular baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1-3 The diagram shows an embodiment of a solid oxide battery gas distributor provided by this utility model. In this embodiment, it includes a distribution cavity 10, an inlet pipe 20, an outlet pipe 30, and a diverter plate 40. The distribution cavity has a cylindrical structure, with a circular inlet hole 11 at the top and multiple circular outlet holes 12 evenly distributed at the bottom. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet hole at the top of the distribution cavity via a flange, and the other end of the inlet pipe is used to connect to a gas source. The number of outlet pipes corresponds to the number of outlet holes, and one end of each outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the corresponding outlet hole by welding. The diverter plate is disposed inside the distribution cavity and is disc-shaped. The geometric center of the diverter plate coincides with the geometric center of the distribution cavity in the vertical direction. The diverter plate is connected to the inner wall of the distribution cavity via a support rod 50. Multiple arc-shaped grooves 60 are arranged radially on the surface of the diverter plate. The arc-shaped grooves extend from the center area of ​​the diverter plate to the edge area, and the depth of the arc-shaped grooves gradually increases radially.

[0035] In the above technical solution, the vertical distance between the diverter plate and the top inner surface of the distribution cavity is greater than the vertical distance between the diverter plate and the bottom inner surface of the distribution cavity.

[0036] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the number of arc-shaped grooves is 6 to 12, and the arc-shaped grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the diverter plate, with a raised diverter ridge formed between two adjacent arc-shaped grooves.

[0037] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the edge of the diverter plate is provided with a downwardly extending annular baffle 70, and an annular channel is formed between the inner surface of the annular baffle and the inner wall of the distribution cavity.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the cross-section of the diversion ridge is trapezoidal, and the width of the bottom edge of the diversion ridge near the center of the diversion plate is greater than the width of the top edge away from the center of the diversion plate.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the arc of the arc groove is 30°~60°, the starting depth of the arc groove in the central area of ​​the splitter plate is 1~3mm, and the ending depth in the edge area of ​​the splitter plate is 5~10mm.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the inner diameter of the intake pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the distribution cavity, and the sum of the inner diameters of the exhaust pipes is greater than the inner diameter of the intake pipe.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the distribution cavity is made of stainless steel, and the diversion plate is made of ceramic or stainless steel.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the number of support rods is 3 to 6. The support rods are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the distribution cavity. One end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the edge of the diversion plate, and the other end of the support rod is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the distribution cavity.

[0043] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the top inner surface of the distribution cavity is a conical structure, with the cone apex facing the bottom of the distribution cavity, and the air inlet is located at the cone bottom of the conical structure. The angle between the cone surface of the conical structure and the vertical central axis of the distribution cavity is 15°~45°.

[0044] First, install the gas distributor into the solid oxide battery system. Connect it to the gas source via the inlet pipe and to the inlet of each battery cell via multiple outlet pipes. Ensure all connections are securely sealed to prevent gas leakage. Before starting the system, check that all connections of the distributor are secure, especially the bolts at the flange connections, and check for cracks in the welds. After system startup, the gas source begins supplying gas to the inlet pipe. The gas enters the distribution chamber through the inlet pipe and is evenly distributed to the outlet pipes by the distributor plate, ultimately entering each battery cell to participate in the electrochemical reaction. During use, regularly monitor the flow rate and pressure of each outlet pipe. Evaluate the distributor's operating status by comparing the consistency of the outputs. If any abnormal output is detected, promptly check whether the corresponding outlet pipe is blocked or loose. Solid oxide battery systems typically operate at high temperatures, and the distributor is also exposed to a high-temperature environment. Therefore, maintenance should only be performed after the system has been shut down and cooled. After prolonged use, the arc-shaped grooves on the surface of the distributor plate should be inspected for carbon buildup or corrosion. If any are found, they should be cleaned or the plate replaced. Simultaneously, the welds between the support rod and the distribution chamber should be inspected for cracks, and repaired by welding if necessary. Proper installation and regular maintenance ensure the long-term stable operation of the gas distributor, providing a uniform and reliable gas supply to the solid oxide battery system.

[0045] The following is a specific embodiment 1 of this utility model: The solid oxide battery gas distributor in this embodiment is used to supply hydrogen fuel to 12 battery cells. The distribution cavity is made of 304 stainless steel and has a cylindrical structure. The outer diameter of the distribution cavity is 200mm, the inner diameter is 194mm, the wall thickness is 3mm, and the height is 150mm. A circular air inlet with a diameter of 30mm is opened at the center of the top of the distribution cavity. Twelve circular air outlets with a diameter of 20mm are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bottom of the distribution cavity. The diameter of the circle containing the center of the air outlet is 160mm. The inner surface of the top of the distribution cavity extends outward from the edge of the air inlet to form a conical structure. The angle between the conical surface of the conical structure and the vertical central axis is 30°. The bottom diameter of the conical structure is the same as the inner diameter of the distribution cavity, and the height is 50mm. The intake duct is made of seamless 304 stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 28mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and a length of 300mm. One end of the intake duct is connected to the intake port at the top of the distribution chamber via a 304 stainless steel flange with an outer diameter of 80mm and a thickness of 10mm. It is secured with six M8 bolts, and the flanges are sealed with graphite gaskets. The exhaust duct is also made of seamless 304 stainless steel pipe, with each exhaust pipe having an inner diameter of 18mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and a length of 200mm. One end of the exhaust duct is argon-arc welded to the exhaust port at the bottom of the distribution chamber, with a weld width of 5mm. The manifold is made of alumina ceramic material, is disc-shaped, with a diameter of 180mm and a thickness of 10mm. The geometric center of the manifold coincides with the geometric center of the distribution chamber in the vertical direction. The manifold is located 60mm from the inner surface of the top of the distribution chamber and 80mm from the inner surface of the bottom of the distribution chamber. The upper surface of the manifold has eight radially arranged arc-shaped grooves, evenly distributed along the circumference. The central angle between any two adjacent arc-shaped grooves is 45°. Each arc-shaped groove is a logarithmic spiral with an arc of 45 degrees. The arc-shaped grooves begin 15 mm from the center of the manifold, with an initial depth of 2 mm and a width of 8 mm. They extend towards the edge and end 85 mm from the center of the manifold, with a final depth of 8 mm and a width of 12 mm. Both depth and width increase linearly along the radial direction. The area between two adjacent arc-shaped grooves forms a raised manifold ridge. The cross-section of the manifold ridge is trapezoidal. At a distance of 20 mm from the center of the manifold, the bottom edge of the ridge is 18 mm wide, the top edge is 12 mm wide, and the height is 2 mm. At a distance of 80 mm from the center of the manifold, the bottom edge is 15 mm wide, the top edge is 10 mm wide, and the height is 8 mm. The edge of the diverter plate is provided with a downward-extending annular baffle. The annular baffle is 15mm high and 5mm thick. The radial gap between the outer surface of the annular baffle and the inner wall of the distribution cavity is 7mm, forming an annular channel with a width of 7mm.The manifold is connected to the inner wall of the distribution chamber by four stainless steel support rods. These four support rods are evenly distributed circumferentially, with a central angle of 90° between any two adjacent rods. Each support rod has a diameter of 6mm, with one end welded to the side edge of the manifold and the other end welded to the inner wall of the distribution chamber. The angle between the support rod and the vertical direction is 15°. During assembly, the manifold is first fixed to the distribution chamber using the support rods. Then, the intake pipe is connected to the top of the distribution chamber via a flange. Finally, the twelve exhaust pipes are welded to the respective exhaust ports at the bottom of the distribution chamber. During operation, the gas source supplies hydrogen at a pressure of 0.3 MPa. After entering the distribution chamber through the inlet pipe, the hydrogen first diffuses outwards under the guidance of the conical top structure, with the flow velocity decreasing from 25 m / s in the inlet pipe to about 5 m / s. Then, the airflow reaches the surface of the distributor plate and flows towards the edge along the eight arc-shaped grooves. Guided by the arc-shaped grooves, the airflow is further homogenized and evenly distributed along the circumference after reaching the annular channel. Finally, it flows out from the 12 outlet holes into each battery unit. The flow deviation of the 12 outputs is less than 5% after testing, which meets the requirements of solid oxide battery system for gas distribution uniformity.

[0046] The following is another specific embodiment 2 of this utility model: Embodiment 2 is based on Embodiment 1, but the material of the distributor plate is changed from alumina ceramic to 310S stainless steel. 310S stainless steel has excellent high-temperature resistance and oxidation resistance, making it suitable for higher-temperature working environments. Simultaneously, stainless steel has better machinability than ceramic, facilitating the processing of precise arc-shaped grooves and reducing manufacturing costs. Correspondingly, the thickness of the distributor plate is increased to 12mm to ensure sufficient strength and rigidity. The arc-shaped grooves are processed using CNC milling, ensuring the geometric accuracy and surface roughness of the grooves. The trapezoidal cross-section of the distributor ridge is achieved through precision machining, ensuring consistency between the various flow channels. The support rod is also made of 310S stainless steel, with its diameter increased to 8mm. Argon arc welding is used for welding to the distributor plate and distribution cavity. The welding area is ground before welding, and non-destructive testing is performed after welding to ensure weld quality. This all-stainless steel distributor maintains good structural stability and sealing performance even at a high temperature of 800℃. The uniformity of gas distribution is comparable to Embodiment 1, but the manufacturing cost is reduced by approximately 20%, making it more suitable for large-scale production applications.

[0047] Specifically, the principle of this utility model is as follows: The gas distributor of this utility model adopts the principle of flow field reconstruction to achieve uniform gas distribution. When the gas enters the distribution cavity from the inlet pipe, it first encounters the inner surface of the top of the conical cavity. The conical surface plays a role in diffusion and guidance of the high-speed incoming airflow, causing the airflow to change from a concentrated jet state to a radial diffusion state. The airflow velocity decreases while the static pressure increases, forming a relatively uniform pressure field above the splitter plate. After the airflow continues to move downward and reaches the surface of the splitter plate, multiple arc-shaped grooves on the splitter plate divide the airflow into multiple independent flow channels. The airflow in each groove flows towards the edge area along the arc trajectory of the groove. As the groove depth gradually increases radially, the cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow channel gradually increases. According to the continuity equation of fluid mechanics, the flow velocity decreases when the cross-sectional area increases. This gradual decrease in velocity causes the kinetic energy of the airflow to gradually convert into pressure energy, forming a relatively uniform pressure distribution in the entire area below the splitter plate. The trapezoidal cross-section design of the flow divider ridge prevents cross-flow and interference between adjacent channels, maintaining the independence of each channel. The annular baffles and channels at the edges further homogenize the airflow reaching the edges, ensuring consistent gas pressure and velocity across the circumference. Under this uniform pressure field, the driving pressure at each outlet at the bottom of the distribution chamber is essentially the same, resulting in roughly equal gas flow rates and achieving uniform gas distribution. Throughout the distribution process, the gas flow is primarily guided by the geometric structure to change its flow state, rather than relying on flow-blocking elements to consume energy. Therefore, pressure loss is minimal, and energy utilization efficiency is high.

[0048] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A solid oxide battery gas distributor, characterized in that, The system includes a distribution chamber, an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe, and a flow divider. The distribution chamber has a cylindrical structure with a circular air inlet at the top and multiple circular air outlets evenly distributed at the bottom. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet at the top of the distribution chamber via a flange, and the other end is used to connect to an air source. The number of air outlet pipes corresponds to the number of air outlets, and one end of each air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the corresponding air outlet by welding. The flow divider is disposed inside the distribution chamber and is disc-shaped. The geometric center of the flow divider coincides with the geometric center of the distribution chamber in the vertical direction. The flow divider is connected to the inner wall of the distribution chamber via a support rod. The surface of the flow divider has multiple arc-shaped grooves arranged radially, extending from the center area to the edge area, with the depth of the arc-shaped grooves gradually increasing radially.

2. A solid oxide battery gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical distance between the diverter plate and the top inner surface of the distribution cavity is greater than the vertical distance between the diverter plate and the bottom inner surface of the distribution cavity.

3. A solid oxide battery gas distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of arc-shaped grooves is 6 to 12, and the arc-shaped grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the diverter plate, with a raised diverter ridge formed between two adjacent arc-shaped grooves.

4. A solid oxide battery gas distributor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The edge of the diverter plate is provided with a downwardly extending annular baffle, and an annular channel is formed between the inner surface of the annular baffle and the inner wall of the distribution cavity.

5. A solid oxide battery gas distributor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the diversion ridge is trapezoidal, and the width of the bottom edge of the diversion ridge near the center of the diversion plate is greater than the width of the top edge away from the center of the diversion plate.

6. A solid oxide battery gas distributor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The arc of the arc-shaped groove is 30°~60°, the starting depth of the arc-shaped groove in the central region of the diverter plate is 1~3mm, and the ending depth in the edge region of the diverter plate is 5~10mm.

7. A solid oxide battery gas distributor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the air intake pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the distribution cavity, and the sum of the inner diameters of the air outlet pipes is greater than the inner diameter of the air intake pipe.

8. A solid oxide battery gas distributor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distribution cavity is made of stainless steel, and the diversion plate is made of ceramic or stainless steel.

9. A solid oxide battery gas distributor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The number of support rods is 3 to 6. The support rods are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the distribution cavity. One end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the edge of the diverter plate, and the other end of the support rod is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the distribution cavity.

10. A solid oxide battery gas distributor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top inner surface of the distribution cavity has a conical structure, with the cone apex facing the bottom of the distribution cavity. The air inlet is located at the cone bottom of the conical structure, and the angle between the conical surface of the conical structure and the vertical central axis of the distribution cavity is 15°~45°.

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