A high- insulation fuel cell stack

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of fuel cell stacks of high insulation, including core, gas inlet end current collector plate and tail end current collector plate are respectively equipped in the both sides of core, another side of gas inlet end current collector plate is sequentially equipped with gas inlet end insulation plate, gas inlet end end plate, another side of tail end current collector plate is sequentially equipped with tail end insulation plate, tail end end plate, manifold is sealed and installed in gas inlet end end plate, gas inlet end current collector plate, core is equipped with the reaction channel being communicated with manifold;Limiting convex ring is equipped in the middle of manifold, and the lower part of manifold is sealing pipe section;Gas inlet end end plate is uniformly distributed end plate hole;Insulation plate hole is equipped on gas inlet end insulation plate, and insulation plate hole is step hole, and the size of upper portion of insulation plate hole is greater than lower portion;Limiting convex ring is located in the upper portion of insulation plate hole, and sealing pipe section is located in the lower portion of insulation plate hole.This utility model bolt connects gas inlet end end plate and tail end end plate, avoids contact with electrified body, and safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fuel cell technology and relates to fuel cell stacks with high insulation. Background Technology

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a device that directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) into electrical energy, working on a principle similar to the reverse reaction of water electrolysis. Specifically, hydrogen is decomposed into hydrogen ions and electrons at the anode. The hydrogen ions pass through the electrolyte membrane to the cathode, while the electrons also reach the cathode after performing work through an external circuit. At the cathode, hydrogen ions, electrons, and oxygen combine to form water, releasing electrical energy in the process. Its core advantages are: environmental friendliness: the only byproduct of a hydrogen fuel cell is water, resulting in no pollution and aligning with the concept of green transportation; high efficiency: its energy conversion efficiency can reach 50%-60%, far exceeding the 20%-30% of traditional internal combustion engines; long range and rapid refueling: hydrogen fuel cell vehicles can achieve a range of over 500 kilometers, and refueling takes only a few minutes, comparable to traditional gasoline vehicles; energy diversity: hydrogen can be produced in various ways, including water electrolysis and industrial byproducts, helping to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Hydrogen fuel cells have wide applications in transportation, industry, and power, particularly excelling in the field of new energy vehicles. For example, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have been gradually promoted in scenarios such as public transportation, logistics, and port transportation.

[0003] The fuel cell stack is the core component of a hydrogen fuel cell, and its performance directly determines the efficiency and lifespan of the entire vehicle. The manifold connector is a crucial structure within the stack responsible for gas and liquid distribution; its design, connecting to the overall stack structure, directly impacts the stack's operating efficiency, reliability, and space utilization. Traditional fuel cell stack manifold connectors typically employ a single inlet and outlet design, usually with six inlets and outlets distributed at both ends of the end plate. Current common manifold designs, such as those in patents CN 114497671 A and CN 216850009 U, integrate the manifolds at both ends into a left and right housing, respectively. This is achieved by designing through holes at the edge of the housing's connection platform with the end plate, threaded holes on the end plate, and sealing grooves on the end plate or housing connection surface. A compression seal is achieved through screw fastening and water / gas ports. Alternatively, designs like those in patent CN114497672 B, with six independently installed water / gas ports, are also used. Each connector is similarly fastened and sealed via screws on the platform and the sealing surface between the two. Both types of manifolds typically use plastic or metal parts coated with an insulating layer, while the end plates of the fuel cell stack, considering support strength, generally use metal parts such as aluminum or stainless steel. The national standard GB33978-2017 for proton exchange membrane fuel cell modules for road vehicles stipulates that, when the coolant is not circulating and is in a cold state, the insulation resistance between charged parts (such as current collectors) and uncharged parts (end plates, manifolds, insulating plates, fasteners, etc.) of the fuel cell stack should be greater than 100Ω / V to ensure the safety and stability of the stack. During actual operation, the conductivity of the coolant has a significant impact on the insulation resistance. Ionic impurities in the coolant increase its conductivity, leading to a decrease in insulation resistance. Although deionization devices are installed in the cooling system to reduce the conductivity of the coolant, the insulation resistance is often still unstable. Furthermore, the presence of liquid water with a certain conductivity in the hydrogen and air chambers also affects the insulation strength between charged and uncharged parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fuel cell stack with high insulation, which can solve the above-mentioned problems and provide more installation space for the stack auxiliary system.

[0005] According to the technical solution provided by this utility model: a high-insulation fuel cell stack includes a stack core, with an inlet end current collector and a tail end current collector respectively provided on both sides of the stack core. An inlet end insulation plate and an inlet end end plate are sequentially provided on the other side of the inlet end current collector, and a tail end insulation plate and a tail end end plate are sequentially provided on the other side of the tail end current collector. A manifold is sealed and installed in the inlet end end plate and the inlet end insulation plate. A reaction channel communicating with the manifold is provided in the inlet end current collector and the stack core. A limiting protrusion ring is provided in the middle of the manifold, and a sealed pipe section is located at the bottom of the manifold. End plate holes are evenly distributed on the inlet end end plate. Insulating plate holes are provided on the inlet end insulation plate, and the insulating plate holes are stepped holes with the upper part of the insulating plate holes being larger than the lower part. The limiting protrusion ring is located above the insulating plate holes, and the sealed pipe section is located in the lower part of the insulating plate holes. A sealing groove is provided on the sealing pipe section, and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove. The inlet end end plate and the tail end plate are bolted together.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, a clamp is provided at the top of the manifold.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the upper part of the manifold is located in the end plate hole.

[0008] As a further improvement to this utility model, the end plate hole is adapted to the size of the clamp.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the core is composed of stacked single cells.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the intake end plate and the tail end plate are provided with connecting through holes.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the intake end plate, manifold, intake end insulating plate, tail end insulating plate, and tail end plate are made of insulating materials.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the single battery is provided with a first cooling water inlet, a first hydrogen inlet, a first air inlet, a first cooling water outlet, a first hydrogen outlet, a first air outlet, a cooling water channel connecting the first cooling water inlet and the first cooling water outlet, a hydrogen channel connecting the first hydrogen inlet and the first hydrogen outlet, and an air channel connecting the first air inlet and the first air outlet.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the air inlet manifold is provided with a second cooling water inlet hole, a second hydrogen inlet hole, a second air inlet hole, a second cooling water outlet hole, a second hydrogen outlet hole, and a second air outlet hole.

[0014] The positive and progressive effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The air intake end plate and the tail end plate of this utility model are connected by bolts to avoid contact with live parts, thus improving safety.

[0015] 2. This utility model simplifies operation by modifying the end plate, manifold, and connection structure of the fuel cell stack, without affecting the original battery cell assembly structure; it saves the space occupied by the manifold installation on the end plate surface, providing more installation space for the fuel cell stack auxiliary system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the front end of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the front end of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow of cooling water and gas in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this utility model described herein. Furthermore, terms such as "comprising" and "having" mean that in addition to those already listed in "comprising" and "having," other unlisted contents may also be included; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device may include a series of steps or units, not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0024] Due to the angle of the drawing, some parts may not be drawn, but their positions and connections can be understood from the text descriptions.

[0025] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this utility model is a high-insulation fuel cell stack, including a stack core 8. An inlet end current collector plate 5 and a tail end current collector plate 11 are respectively provided on both sides of the stack core 8. An inlet end insulation plate 4 and an inlet end end plate 1 are sequentially provided on the other side of the inlet end current collector plate 5. A tail end insulation plate 12 and a tail end end plate 13 are sequentially provided on the other side of the tail end current collector plate 11. A manifold 2 is sealed and installed in the inlet end end plate 1 and the inlet end insulation plate 4. A reaction channel communicating with the manifold 2 is provided in the inlet end current collector plate 5 and the stack core 8.

[0026] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the manifold 2 has a limiting protrusion ring 2-2 in the middle, and a sealing section 2-3 at the bottom. End plate holes 1-1 are evenly distributed on the intake end plate 1. The intake end insulation plate 4 has insulation plate holes, which are stepped holes with the upper part larger than the lower part. The limiting protrusion ring 2-2 is located above the insulation plate holes, and the sealing section 2-3 is located in the lower part of the insulation plate holes. The sealing section 2-3 has a sealing groove, in which a sealing ring 3 is installed. The sealing ring 3 seals the outer periphery of the manifold 2 with the insulation plate holes. A clamp 2-1 is provided at the top of the manifold 2 for easy connection to the air pipe; the upper part of the manifold 2 is located in the end plate hole 1-1, and the end plate hole 1-1 and clamp 2-1 are sized to fit together, facilitating the fit between the intake end plate 1 and the intake end insulation plate 4.

[0027] The reactor core 8 is composed of stacked single cells 8-1. Each single cell 8-1 has a first cooling water inlet, a first hydrogen inlet, a first air inlet, a first cooling water outlet, a first hydrogen outlet, a first air outlet, a cooling water channel connecting the first cooling water inlet and the first cooling water outlet, a hydrogen channel connecting the first hydrogen inlet and the first hydrogen outlet, and an air channel connecting the first air inlet and the first air outlet. The stacked single cells 8-1 form, respectively, a first cooling water inlet, a first hydrogen inlet, a first air inlet, a first cooling water outlet, a first hydrogen outlet, and a first air outlet. The air inlet end manifold 5 has a second cooling water inlet, a second hydrogen inlet, a second air inlet, a second cooling water outlet, a second hydrogen outlet, and a second air outlet. The first cooling water inlet, first hydrogen inlet, first air inlet, first cooling water outlet, first hydrogen outlet, and first air outlet are respectively connected to the second cooling water inlet, second hydrogen inlet, second air inlet, second cooling water outlet, second hydrogen outlet, and second air outlet on the inlet end manifold 5, forming a cooling water inlet chamber, a hydrogen inlet chamber, an air inlet chamber, a cooling water outlet chamber, a hydrogen outlet chamber, and an air outlet chamber. The cooling water inlet chamber, cooling water channel, and cooling water outlet chamber constitute a cooling chamber; the hydrogen inlet, hydrogen channel, and hydrogen outlet chamber constitute a hydrogen chamber; and the air inlet chamber, air channel, and air outlet chamber constitute an air chamber. The cooling chamber, hydrogen chamber, and air chamber are independent of each other, and the three together form the reaction channel within the inlet end manifold 5 and the reactor core 8.

[0028] There are six manifolds 2: cooling water inlet manifold 2-7, hydrogen inlet manifold 2-8, air inlet manifold 2-9, cooling water outlet manifold 2-4, hydrogen outlet manifold 2-5, and air outlet manifold 2-6. Cooling water inlet manifold 2-7, hydrogen inlet manifold 2-8, air inlet manifold 2-9, cooling water outlet manifold 2-4, hydrogen outlet manifold 2-5, and air outlet manifold 2-6 are respectively connected to the cooling water inlet chamber, hydrogen inlet chamber, air inlet chamber, cooling water outlet chamber, hydrogen outlet chamber, and air outlet chamber.

[0029] The air intake end plate 1 and the tail end plate 13 are provided with connecting through holes, and bolts 14 and nuts are used to fasten the fuel cell stack.

[0030] The intake end plate 1, manifold 2, intake end insulating plate 4, tail end insulating plate 12, and tail end plate 13 are made of insulating material. The intake end manifold 5, core 8, and tail end manifold 11 are charged components.

[0031] The working process of this utility model is as follows: like Figure 5As shown, after the fuel cell stack is assembled, the reaction gas and coolant flow in and out from the manifold 2, and the reaction gas and coolant are distributed to the interior of each single cell 8-1 through the reaction channel.

[0032] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of this utility model, and the utility model is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-insulation fuel cell stack, comprising a core (8), characterized in that, The reactor core (8) is provided with an inlet end manifold (5) and a tail end manifold (11) on both sides respectively. On the other side of the inlet end manifold (5), an inlet end insulating plate (4) and an inlet end plate (1) are provided in sequence. On the other side of the tail end manifold (11), a tail end insulating plate (12) and a tail end plate (13) are provided in sequence. A manifold (2) is sealed and installed in the inlet end plate (1) and the inlet end insulating plate (4). The inlet end manifold (5) and the reactor core (8) are provided with a reaction channel that communicates with the manifold (2). A limiting device is provided in the middle of the manifold (2). The lower part of the manifold (2) is a sealing pipe section (2-9); the end plate (1) of the air inlet end plate (1) is evenly distributed with end plate holes (1-1); the air inlet end insulating plate (4) is provided with insulating plate holes, the insulating plate holes are stepped holes, and the upper part of the insulating plate holes is larger than the lower part; the limiting protrusion ring (2-8) is located above the insulating plate hole, the sealing pipe section (2-9) is located in the lower part of the insulating plate hole, the sealing pipe section (2-9) is provided with a sealing groove, and a sealing ring (3) is installed in the sealing groove; the air inlet end plate (1) and the tail end plate (13) are connected.

2. The high-insulation fuel cell stack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the manifold (2) is equipped with a clamp (2-7).

3. The high-insulation fuel cell stack as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The upper part of the manifold (2) is located in the end plate hole (1-1).

4. The high-insulation fuel cell stack as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The end plate hole (1-1) is compatible with the size of the clamp (2-7).

5. The high-insulation fuel cell stack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The core (8) is composed of stacked single cells (8-1).

6. The high-insulation fuel cell stack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intake end plate (1) and the tail end plate (13) are provided with connecting through holes, and the intake end plate (1) and the tail end plate (13) are connected by bolts (14).

7. The high-insulation fuel cell stack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intake end plate (1), manifold (2), intake end insulation plate (4), tail end insulation plate (12), and tail end plate (13) are made of insulating materials.

8. The high-insulation fuel cell stack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The single cell (8-1) is provided with a first cooling water inlet, a first hydrogen inlet, a first air inlet, a first cooling water outlet, a first hydrogen outlet, a first air outlet, a cooling water channel connecting the first cooling water inlet and the first cooling water outlet, a hydrogen channel connecting the first hydrogen inlet and the first hydrogen outlet, and an air channel connecting the first air inlet and the first air outlet.

9. The high-insulation fuel cell stack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet end manifold (5) is provided with a second cooling water inlet, a second hydrogen inlet, a second air inlet, a second cooling water outlet, a second hydrogen outlet, and a second air outlet.

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