A compact and high-efficiency heat dissipation battery module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a compact high -efficient heat dissipation's battery module, including the skeleton with internal air duct, the first casing with bottom hollow structure and side air inlet, with the second casing of annular air inlet air duct and the installation of fan with first casing formation, seal upper cover and auxiliary cooling unit. Auxiliary cooling unit includes the semiconductor refrigerating sheet of attaching to the second casing outer wall and the third casing of covering its outside, and the heat dissipation air duct is formed between two, and is communicated with the upper portion of air inlet air duct through the air -permeable mouth on the second casing. The utility model discloses through the skeleton air duct and ensure that the airflow is evenly penetrated every battery gap, utilizes annular air duct and diagonal fan and strengthens the heat exchange, and pre -cooling air inlet with the help of semiconductor refrigerating sheet to promote high -temperature environment heat dissipation capacity, and specially sets up the air duct and exports the refrigerating sheet waste heat, and all hot air current finally unifies and discharges downward, has the advantages such as compact structure, heat dissipation high -efficient even, environmental adaptability is strong.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy battery and energy storage equipment technology, and more specifically, to a compact and efficient heat dissipation battery module. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, battery modules are increasingly used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and other fields, placing higher demands on their performance and safety for heat dissipation design. Existing battery modules generally suffer from problems such as unreasonable heat dissipation channel layout and severe heat accumulation, especially prone to localized overheating under high load operation, affecting battery life and system stability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a compact battery module design with high heat dissipation efficiency to achieve rapid heat dissipation and uniform distribution, thereby improving overall safety and reliability. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is how to overcome the defects of existing air-cooled battery modules, such as uneven heat dissipation, insufficient compactness of structure, and decreased heat dissipation efficiency in high-temperature environments.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a compact and efficient heat dissipation battery module.

[0005] A compact, high-efficiency heat dissipation battery module includes a frame, a first housing, a second housing, a top cover, and an auxiliary cooling unit.

[0006] The frame (10) is used to install multiple battery cells arranged in an array. The frame (10) has air ducts inside for heat dissipation from the gaps between the battery cells.

[0007] The frame (10) is installed inside the first housing (20). The bottom of the first housing (20) is provided with a hollow structure (21) for heat dissipation. An air inlet (22) corresponding to the air duct inlet inside the frame (10) is opened on the side wall of the first housing (20).

[0008] The second housing (30) is arranged around the outside of the first housing (20) and is spaced apart from the outer wall of the first housing (20), thereby jointly defining an annular air inlet duct (31). At least one fan (50) for introducing air into the air inlet duct (31) is installed on the outer wall of the second housing (30).

[0009] The top cover (40) sealably covers the top openings of the first housing (20) and the second housing (30); and

[0010] The auxiliary cooling unit includes a semiconductor cooling chip (60) attached to the outer surface of the second housing (30) and a third housing (70) disposed outside the semiconductor cooling chip (60). A gap is reserved between the third housing (70) and the semiconductor cooling chip (60) to form a heat dissipation duct (71). A vent (32) is provided at the upper part of the second housing (30), which connects the heat dissipation duct (71) with the upper area of ​​the air inlet duct (31).

[0011] In some embodiments, the air ducts formed inside the frame (10) include a horizontal air duct (11) and a vertical air duct (12) that are interconnected. The frame (10) has an exhaust port (13) that runs vertically through the gap position of each battery cell. The exhaust port (13) is connected to the horizontal air duct (11) and / or the vertical air duct (12).

[0012] In some embodiments, the horizontal air duct (11) and the vertical air duct (12) intersect each other perpendicularly, and the discharge port (13) is located at the intersection of the horizontal air duct (11) and the vertical air duct (12).

[0013] In some embodiments, the perforated structure (21) at the bottom of the first housing (20) is formed by multiple parallel and spaced straight plates in the form of a grid.

[0014] In some embodiments, there are two fans (50), which are respectively mounted on two outer side walls of the second housing (30) at diagonal positions.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second housing (30) is made of a highly thermally conductive metal material.

[0016] In some embodiments, the high thermal conductivity metal material is an aluminum alloy.

[0017] In some embodiments, the cooling side of the semiconductor cooling chip (60) is in close contact with the outer surface of the second housing (30).

[0018] In some embodiments, a seal is provided between the top edge of the top cover (40) and the top edge of the first housing (20) and the top edge of the second housing (30), and a sealed connection is achieved by fasteners.

[0019] In some embodiments, the skeleton (10) is made of insulating engineering plastic.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. Significantly improved heat dissipation uniformity. Due to the air ducts inside the frame that lead to the battery gaps, cooling air entering from the side can be guided and blown directly to the side of the battery, achieving comprehensive and direct cooling of the battery array. This effectively avoids the problem of poor heat dissipation in areas far from the air inlet in traditional air-cooling solutions and significantly reduces the maximum temperature difference inside the module.

[0022] 2. Compact structure and high space utilization. By nesting the first and second shells, a ring-shaped air intake duct is formed between them. The structural space of the shell itself is cleverly utilized as an airflow channel, eliminating the need for a large amount of additional volume to arrange complex external air ducts, making the entire module very compact.

[0023] 3. Enhanced heat dissipation capacity in high-temperature environments. By attaching a semiconductor cooling chip to the outer surface of the highly thermally conductive second housing, active pre-cooling of the air flowing through the annular air duct can be achieved. Even when the ambient temperature is high, the temperature of the air entering the core cooling area of ​​the battery module can be reduced, thus ensuring the heat dissipation performance of the module under harsh operating conditions and overcoming the dependence of simple air cooling on ambient temperature.

[0024] 4. The heat dissipation problem of the auxiliary cooling unit itself has been properly solved. A heat dissipation duct consisting of a third housing is specially designed for the hot end of the thermoelectric cooler, and it is connected to the upper part of the main air intake duct through a vent. This design allows the waste heat generated by the cooler during operation to be carried away by a dedicated airflow and discharged through a predetermined downward path, preventing heat from accumulating on the module sidewalls or in localized areas, and ensuring that the thermoelectric cooler can operate continuously and stably.

[0025] 5. Efficient and orderly airflow organization. The entire cooling system forms a coordinated airflow pattern of "lateral air intake - vertical penetration into the battery - unified bottom exhaust" and "auxiliary heat recovery and downward exhaust". All heated air is ultimately exhausted from the bottom of the module, with a clear airflow path and low resistance, avoiding airflow turbulence or short circuits, and improving overall heat dissipation efficiency.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2This is an exploded view of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Explanation of key component symbols: frame (10), horizontal air duct (11), vertical air duct (12), exhaust port (13);

[0031] First housing (20), hollow structure (21), air inlet (22);

[0032] Second housing (30), air inlet duct (31), air vent (32);

[0033] Top cover (40);

[0034] Fan (50);

[0035] Semiconductor cooling chip (60);

[0036] Third housing (70), heat dissipation duct (71). Detailed Implementation

[0037] The embodiments of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout.

[0038] Furthermore, the embodiments of this application described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the embodiments of this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0039] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature "above" or "below" the second feature may be in direct contact or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, the first feature "above," "on top of," or "over" the second feature may be directly above or diagonally above, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature; the first feature "below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature may be directly below or diagonally below, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0040] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a compact and efficient heat dissipation battery module. The module mainly includes a frame (10) for support and airflow, a first housing (20) as an inner carrier, a second housing (30) as an outer housing and integrating active cooling function, a top cover (40) for top sealing, a fan (50) for providing power, and an auxiliary cooling unit composed of a semiconductor cooling chip (60) and a third housing (70).

[0041] The battery module of this embodiment achieves efficient and uniform cooling of individual battery cells in an extremely compact space through a unique skeleton air duct design, a ring-shaped turbulent air duct formed by a double-layer shell, active cooling of the incoming air by a semiconductor cooling chip, and a dedicated hot end heat dissipation channel. Furthermore, all the hot air after heat exchange is orderly discharged downwards, resulting in strong system heat dissipation capacity and good environmental adaptability.

[0042] The following section will describe in detail each component, its connections, and its working principle.

[0043] The skeleton (10) is the core frame of the module and can be injection molded from insulating and mechanically sound engineering plastics (such as flame-retardant nylon or polycarbonate). Its main body is a frame structure with a large number of cells, each cell accommodating a single battery cell, so that all the batteries are neatly arranged in a matrix.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, interconnected horizontal air ducts (11) and vertical air ducts (12) are pre-formed inside the plastic wall of the frame (10). The horizontal air duct (11) extends along the direction of the battery row (X-axis direction), and the vertical air duct (12) extends along the direction of the battery column (Y-axis direction). The two preferably intersect perpendicularly at a 90-degree angle, forming a grid-like ventilation network embedded inside the frame. At each node of the grid, corresponding to the gap between four adjacent battery cells, a downward-facing exhaust port (13) is provided on the frame (10). This exhaust port (13) runs vertically through the frame, with its top end connected to the intersection area of ​​the horizontal air duct (11) and the vertical air duct (12), and its bottom end facing the gap between the batteries. This design allows the airflow from the air ducts to be precisely ejected vertically from the exhaust port (13), directly acting on the sidewall of the battery for heat exchange.

[0045] The first housing (20) is a rectangular box with an open top, typically made of stamped, bent and welded metal sheet (such as galvanized steel or aluminum sheet), or high-strength plastic. The frame (10) is fixedly installed in the internal cavity of the first housing (20) by screws or clips. The bottom of the first housing (20) is designed as a perforated structure (21), which in this embodiment is specifically manifested as a grille composed of many parallel metal straight plates, or it can also be formed by openings. The air inlet (22) can be multiple circular holes or elongated slits, which allow external airflow to enter the ventilation network inside the frame.

[0046] The second housing (30) is also a rectangular box with an open top, slightly larger than the first housing (20), so that it can fit over the first housing (20). The second housing (30) and the first housing (20) are separated by several evenly distributed plastic pillars or rubber pads to maintain a stable gap. The annular cavity formed by this gap around the first housing (20) is the air inlet duct (31). The material selection of the second housing (30) is important; it needs to have good thermal conductivity. Therefore, the second housing (30) is preferably made of aluminum alloy by die casting or profile splicing.

[0047] A fan (50) is mounted on the outer wall of the second housing (30). In this preferred embodiment, as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, two axial flow fans (50) are used and are respectively installed on two diagonally opposite side walls of the second housing (30).

[0048] The fan blades of the blower (50) face outwards. When working, it draws in ambient air from outside the module and blows it into the annular air intake duct (31) between the second housing (30) and the first housing (20). The simultaneous operation of the two diagonally arranged blowers (50) causes the two airflows to collide head-on in the annular air duct (31), generating strong turbulence. This greatly enhances the heat exchange between the air and the inner wall of the second housing (30) and makes the airflow more uniformly mixed.

[0049] The top cover (40) is a flat cover plate, which can be made of the same material as the housing. Its function is to completely seal the top openings of the first housing (20) and the second housing (30), which can be sealed with glue.

[0050] In another embodiment, to achieve a seal, annular rubber sealing rings (not shown) are placed between the top flange of the upper cover (40) and the first housing (20), and between the top flange of the upper cover (40) and the second housing (30). Then, multiple screws are screwed through the upper cover (40) into the threaded holes of the housing flanges to press the upper cover (40) against the sealing rings, thereby forming a reliable waterproof and dustproof seal.

[0051] The auxiliary cooling unit is a key component for coping with high-temperature environments and improving heat dissipation efficiency. It mainly consists of a semiconductor cooling chip (60) and a third housing (70). The semiconductor cooling chip (60) operates based on the Peltier effect. When a direct current passes through it, one side (cooling side) absorbs heat and becomes cool, while the other side (hot end) releases heat and becomes hot.

[0052] In this design, the cooling side of the thermoelectric cooler (60) is tightly attached to the outer surface of the second housing (30) using highly thermally conductive silicone grease. Since the second housing (30) is made of aluminum alloy, which conducts heat very quickly, the cooling energy generated by the thermoelectric cooler (60) can be rapidly conducted to the entire wall of the second housing (30). In this way, the air flowing through the annular air inlet duct (31) will be pre-cooled when it comes into contact with the inner wall of the cooled second housing (30), thus achieving "active pre-cooling" of the cooling air.

[0053] To dissipate the large amount of waste heat generated during the operation of the thermoelectric cooler (60) and prevent it from overheating and being damaged, a third housing (70) is specially provided. The third housing (70) is usually a thin metal plate bent into a U-shape or L-shape. It covers the outside of the thermoelectric cooler (60) and maintains a gap with the surface of the thermoelectric cooler, which forms an independent heat dissipation channel (71). In order to guide the airflow, one or more vents (32) are opened on the side wall of the second housing (30) near the upper part. This vent (32) directly connects the heat dissipation channel (71) inside the third housing (70) with the upper area of ​​the annular air intake channel (31) inside the second housing (30).

[0054] The working principle and airflow path of this utility model are as follows:

[0055] When the battery module starts working and needs heat dissipation, the control system simultaneously starts two fans (50) and a semiconductor cooling chip (60).

[0056] Main cooling cycle (for battery heat):

[0057] Two diagonally arranged fans (50) draw in ambient air from the outside and blow it into the annular air intake duct (31). The two airflows meet, mix, and form turbulence within the annular duct.

[0058] When the mixed cooling air flows in the annular air duct (31), its main part (i.e. the main cooling airflow) enters the horizontal air duct (11) and vertical air duct (12) inside the frame (10) through the air inlet (22) on the side wall of the first housing (20) under the action of wind pressure.

[0059] Air entering the grid-like air duct network flows along the ducts and is eventually blown vertically downward from the exhaust ports (13) distributed above the individual battery gaps.

[0060] This vertically downward airflow directly washes over the side of each battery cell, achieving efficient convective heat exchange with the battery surface and carrying away the heat generated by the battery.

[0061] The heated air continues to flow downwards, passing through the gaps between the batteries and the space under the frame, eventually converging at the bottom of the first housing (20) and being discharged to the outside of the module through the grid-like perforated structure (21) at its bottom. This completes the main cycle of cooling and heat dissipation of the battery body, with a clear airflow direction: horizontal air intake -> vertical penetration of the battery -> downward discharge.

[0062] Auxiliary cooling and waste heat management cycle (for semiconductor refrigeration chips):

[0063] After the semiconductor cooling chip (60) is activated, its cooling side begins to cool the wall of the second housing (30) that is in close contact with it.

[0064] When the air flowing through the annular air intake duct (31) comes into contact with the inner wall of the second housing (30) that is being cooled, the heat is absorbed by the wall surface, and the air temperature is reduced, thus achieving "pre-cooling". This results in a lower initial temperature of the cooling air entering the battery area and stronger heat dissipation capacity, which is especially advantageous when the ambient temperature is high.

[0065] When the semiconductor cooling chip (60) is working, a large amount of waste heat is generated on its heating side. At this time, a small portion of the airflow (i.e., auxiliary heat dissipation airflow) in the air flowing in the annular air inlet duct (31) will be introduced into the heat dissipation duct (71) between the third housing (70) and the heating side of the cooling chip when it flows near the air vent (32).

[0066] This airflow flows from top to bottom across the surface of the heated side, carrying away the waste heat generated on the heated side through convection. The heated airflow moves downward within the heat dissipation duct (71).

[0067] Since the lower end of the heat dissipation duct (71) is open or connected to the exhaust space at the bottom of the module, the airflow carrying waste heat is eventually discharged downwards from the module. More importantly, through the connection of the vent (32), the airflow in the heat dissipation duct (71) interacts with the airflow in the main air duct (31), ensuring that heat is effectively dissipated and does not accumulate around the cooling element.

[0068] Through the two coordinated airflow cycles described above, the battery module of this invention not only achieves efficient and uniform cooling of the battery itself, but also effectively solves the heat dissipation problem caused by the introduction of an active cooling device (semiconductor cooling chip). All hot airflows (battery heat and waste heat from the cooling chip) in the entire system eventually converge at the bottom and are discharged uniformly, forming a simple, efficient, and low-resistance heat dissipation path, achieving excellent heat dissipation performance within an extremely compact structural space.

[0069] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A compact, high-efficiency heat dissipation battery module, characterized in that, include: The frame (10) is used to install multiple battery cells arranged in an array. The frame (10) has air ducts inside for heat dissipation from the gaps between the battery cells. The first housing (20) has a frame (10) installed inside it. The bottom of the first housing (20) is provided with a hollow structure (21) for heat dissipation. The side wall of the first housing (20) is provided with an air inlet (22) corresponding to the air duct inlet inside the frame (10). The second housing (30) is disposed around the outside of the first housing (20) and is spaced apart from the outer wall of the first housing (20), thereby jointly defining an annular air inlet duct (31). At least one fan (50) for introducing air into the air inlet duct (31) is installed on the outer wall of the second housing (30). A top cover (40) that sealably covers the top openings of the first housing (20) and the second housing (30); as well as An auxiliary cooling unit includes a semiconductor cooling chip (60) attached to the outer surface of a second housing (30) and a third housing (70) disposed outside the semiconductor cooling chip (60). A gap is reserved between the third housing (70) and the semiconductor cooling chip (60) to form a heat dissipation duct (71). An air vent (32) is provided at the upper part of the second housing (30), which connects the heat dissipation duct (71) with the upper area of ​​the air inlet duct (31).

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air ducts formed inside the frame (10) include interconnected horizontal air ducts (11) and vertical air ducts (12). The frame (10) has vertically connected exhaust ports (13) at the gap positions of each battery cell. The exhaust ports (13) are connected to the horizontal air ducts (11) and / or the vertical air ducts (12).

3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The horizontal air duct (11) and the vertical air duct (12) intersect each other perpendicularly, and the discharge port (13) is located at the intersection of the horizontal air duct (11) and the vertical air duct (12).

4. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow structure (21) at the bottom of the first housing (20) is composed of multiple parallel and spaced straight plates forming a grid.

5. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two fans (50), which are respectively installed on the two outer walls of the second housing (30) at diagonal positions.

6. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second housing (30) is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material.

7. The battery module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The high thermal conductivity metal material is aluminum alloy.

8. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling side of the semiconductor cooling chip (60) is in close contact with the outer surface of the second housing (30).

9. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, A seal is provided between the top edge of the top cover (40) and the top edge of the first housing (20) and the top edge of the second housing (30), and a sealed connection is achieved by fasteners.

10. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skeleton (10) is made of insulating engineering plastic.

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