A nano-silica thermal insulation board

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the battery heat management technical field, and disclose a kind of nano silicon dioxide heat insulation board, including nano silicon dioxide micropore core heat insulation layer, the two sides of nano silicon dioxide micropore core heat insulation layer are sequentially provided with insulation modified transition layer, flame-retardant protective layer, buffer adaptive layer from inside to outside, insulation modified transition layer is provided with directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer between flame-retardant protective layer, electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer is provided between flame-retardant protective layer and buffer adaptive layer, electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer and directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer solve the electrolyte erosion and heat management defects of existing nano heat insulation board in energy storage battery scene, electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer can actively adsorb leaked electrolyte, avoid its erosion to core heat insulation layer, directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer can direct to dredge the trace heat of battery normal operation and local hot spot of thermal runaway initial stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery thermal management technology, specifically a nano-silica insulation board. Background Technology

[0002] In the energy storage field, thermal management of energy storage products such as lithium-ion batteries is a crucial aspect of ensuring their safe and efficient operation. In particular, the thermal isolation between individual battery cells within a battery pack directly impacts the risk of thermal runaway. When a battery experiences thermal runaway, if the transfer of heat to adjacent cells cannot be effectively prevented, it can easily trigger a chain reaction, causing the entire battery pack to fail or even leading to a safety accident. Currently, the materials used for battery insulation are mostly traditional insulation materials, such as asbestos boards and polyurethane foam. However, these materials have drawbacks such as high thermal conductivity, insufficient flame retardancy, and poor high-temperature resistance, making it difficult to meet the stringent insulation requirements of energy storage batteries in high-temperature, high-energy-density scenarios.

[0003] Nano-silica insulation panels, with their ultra-low thermal conductivity, excellent high-temperature resistance, and flame-retardant properties, have demonstrated outstanding advantages in the field of thermal insulation and are gradually being explored for use in energy storage battery insulation. However, most existing nano-silica insulation panels are general-purpose structures, lacking customized designs for energy storage battery scenarios. On the one hand, electrolyte leakage may occur during battery use, and existing insulation panels lack effective electrolyte adsorption and barrier structures, easily leading to a decrease in insulation performance due to electrolyte erosion. On the other hand, the accumulation of trace amounts of heat during normal battery operation and the local hot spots in the early stages of thermal runaway lack directional drainage designs. Furthermore, during installation, insufficient precise adaptation of battery gaps can easily create air convection gaps, affecting the insulation effect.

[0004] Therefore, a nano-silica insulation board is proposed to address the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, this utility model provides a nano-silica insulation board, which has the advantages of high core heat insulation efficiency, reliable electrolyte barrier, precise heat conduction, strong installation adaptability, and comprehensively improves the safety and practicality of thermal management of energy storage batteries.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a nano-silica heat insulation board, comprising a nano-silica microporous core heat insulation layer, wherein an insulation modification transition layer, a flame-retardant protective layer, and a buffer adaptation layer are sequentially arranged on both sides of the nano-silica microporous core heat insulation layer from the inside to the outside; a directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer is arranged between the insulation modification transition layer and the flame-retardant protective layer; an electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer is arranged between the flame-retardant protective layer and the buffer adaptation layer; an edge edging is provided on the outside of the nano-silica microporous core heat insulation layer, the edge edging covering the insulation modification transition layer, the directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer, the flame-retardant protective layer, the electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer, and the buffer adaptation layer; and L-shaped positioning plates matching the corners of a battery are provided at the four corners on both sides of the edge edging.

[0007] Preferably, the nano-silica microporous core insulation layer is formed by a three-dimensional network microporous structure composed of vapor-phase nano-silica particles and reinforcing phase fibers.

[0008] Preferably, the insulating modified transition layer is a modified coating formed by combining a silane coupling agent and ceramic insulating powder, and the thickness of the insulating modified transition layer is set to 1-5 μm.

[0009] Preferably, the directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer is composed of an ultrathin ceramic substrate film etched with micron-scale mesh channels and filled with aluminum nitride ceramic particles and silicone resin composite material.

[0010] Preferably, the electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer is composed of modified polyacrylonitrile fiber felt, and the thickness of the electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer is set to 0.5-1mm.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the buffer adapter layer is set to 1-3mm, and the surface of the buffer adapter layer is provided with an uneven structure that fits into the battery casing.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the edge banding is 0.5-1mm, and it is bonded to each layer by hot melting or bonding processes.

[0013] Preferably, the L-shaped positioning plate and the edge trim are integrally formed, and the inner corner radius of the L-shaped positioning plate matches the outer corner radius of the battery.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model addresses the problems of electrolyte erosion and thermal management defects in existing nano-insulation panels in energy storage battery scenarios through the synergistic effect of the electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer and the directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer. The electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer can actively adsorb leaked electrolyte, preventing it from eroding the core insulation layer and significantly extending the service life of the panel. The directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer can directionally guide the trace heat during normal battery operation and local hot spots in the early stage of thermal runaway, which not only delays the normal aging of the battery but also buys time for thermal runaway warning, effectively improving the timeliness and durability of thermal management of energy storage batteries. 2. The edge-wrapping and L-shaped positioning plate structure of this utility model solves the air convection problem caused by insufficient gap adaptation during the installation of energy storage batteries in existing insulation panels. It achieves precise adaptation between the panel and the battery gap, eliminates air convection gaps during installation, and further ensures the heat insulation effect. The functional integration of each layer structure enables the insulation panel to simultaneously meet multiple requirements such as electrolyte barrier, heat conduction, and precise installation in addition to its core heat insulation performance, thus comprehensively improving the reliability and practicality of energy storage battery thermal management. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the edge banding and L-shaped positioning plate of this utility model; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Nano-silica microporous core insulation layer; 2. Insulation modified transition layer; 3. Flame retardant protective layer; 4. Buffer adapter layer; 5. Directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer; 6. Electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer; 7. Edge wrapping; 8. L-shaped positioning plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this utility model provides a nano-silica heat insulation board, including a nano-silica microporous core heat insulation layer 1. From the inside to the outside, an insulating modified transition layer 2, a flame-retardant protective layer 3, and a buffer adaptation layer 4 are sequentially arranged on both sides of the nano-silica microporous core heat insulation layer 1. A directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer 5 is arranged between the insulating modified transition layer 2 and the flame-retardant protective layer 3. An electrolyte adsorption and barrier auxiliary layer 6 is arranged between the flame-retardant protective layer 3 and the buffer adaptation layer 4. An edge edging 7 is provided on the outside of the nano-silica microporous core heat insulation layer 1, covering the insulating modified transition layer 2, the directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer 5, the flame-retardant protective layer 3, the electrolyte adsorption and barrier auxiliary layer 6, and the buffer adaptation layer 4. L-shaped positioning plates 8 matching the corners of a battery are provided at the four corners on both sides of the edge edging 7.

[0019] Specifically, the nano-silica microporous core insulation layer 1 is a three-dimensional network microporous structure formed by fumed nano-silica particles and reinforcing phase fibers. This structure utilizes the Knudsen effect and low solid phase thermal conductivity to achieve an ultra-low thermal conductivity, providing efficient thermal isolation between batteries. At the same time, the reinforcing phase fibers improve the mechanical stability of the structure and prevent the pure nano-silica matrix from becoming brittle and pulverized.

[0020] Furthermore, the insulating modified transition layer 2 is a modified coating formed by the composite of silane coupling agent and ceramic insulating powder. The thickness of the insulating modified transition layer 2 is set to 1-5μm. It not only improves the hydrophobicity of the core layer and prevents electrolyte and water vapor from intruding and damaging the microporous structure, but also strengthens the insulation performance, prevents the plate from becoming a conductive channel between batteries, and improves the interfacial bonding force with adjacent layers, reducing the contact thermal resistance by 15-30%.

[0021] Furthermore, the directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer 5 is composed of an ultrathin ceramic substrate film etched with micron-level mesh channels and filled with aluminum nitride ceramic particles and silicone resin composite material. The micron-level channels have a diameter of 50-100μm, which can directionally conduct trace amounts of heat during normal battery operation and local hot spots in the early stage of thermal runaway, delaying battery aging and buying time for thermal runaway warning. The aluminum nitride composite material has both high thermal conductivity and high insulation, ensuring heat dissipation without affecting insulation performance.

[0022] It is worth noting that the electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer 6 is made of modified polyacrylonitrile fiber felt. The thickness of the electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer 6 is set to 0.5-1mm. Its liquid absorption capacity can reach 10-15 times its own weight. It can actively adsorb the leaked electrolyte and prevent it from corroding the internal core layer and insulation layer. At the same time, its combustion performance reaches A1 level. It does not burn or release toxic gases in the event of thermal runaway, which significantly extends the service life of the board.

[0023] It is worth noting that the thickness of the buffer adapter layer 4 is set to 1-3mm. The surface of the buffer adapter layer 4 is provided with a concave-convex structure that fits the battery shell. The concave-convex structure can fit tightly with the battery shell, buffer the vibration during battery operation, avoid friction damage between the plate and the battery, and fill the tiny gap between the battery and the plate to eliminate air convection and further improve the heat insulation efficiency.

[0024] It is worth mentioning that the edge banding 7 has a thickness of 0.5-1mm and is integrated with each layer through hot-melt or bonding processes. It tightly wraps each functional layer together, enhancing the integrity and durability of the overall structure, while also playing an auxiliary protective role, isolating external dust and moisture from eroding the inner layers. The hot-melt or bonding process ensures a strong bond between the layers, preventing peeling even after long-term use.

[0025] It is worth emphasizing that the L-shaped positioning plate 8 and the edge edging 7 are integrally formed structures. The inner corner curvature of the L-shaped positioning plate 8 matches the outer corner curvature of the battery corner. This structure achieves precise matching between the plate and the battery gap, allowing for quick alignment of the battery corner during installation, avoiding manual operation deviations, preventing the plate from shifting due to vibration, eliminating air convection caused by installation gaps, and ensuring the stability of the heat insulation effect.

[0026] Working principle and process: The nano-silica microporous core heat insulation layer 1, the insulating modified transition layer 2, the directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer 5, the flame-retardant protective layer 3, the electrolyte adsorption and barrier auxiliary layer 6, and the buffer adapter layer 4 are wrapped together by the edge edging 7. Then, the L-shaped positioning plate 8 is used to match the corner of the battery to achieve precise positioning and avoid air convection gaps caused by installation deviations. In normal operation, the nano-silica microporous core heat insulation layer 1 blocks gas convection heat transfer with the Knudsen effect of the three-dimensional network microporous structure and inhibits heat conduction with low solid phase thermal conductivity, providing core thermal isolation between batteries. At the same time, the directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer 5 conducts the trace heat generated by the battery through micron-level channels and aluminum nitride composite material. The insulation layer 1 prevents heat buildup and accelerated battery aging. The modified insulation layer 2, through its hydrophobicity and high insulation, blocks the intrusion of water vapor and electrolyte and avoids the risk of conductivity. The buffer adapter layer 4, with its concave-convex structure, fits the battery shell to buffer vibration and further eliminate interlayer gaps. If electrolyte leakage occurs, the electrolyte adsorption and barrier auxiliary layer 6 actively adsorbs the leaked liquid to prevent it from corroding the core insulation layer 1 and the modified insulation layer 2, thus extending the life of the plate. If thermal runaway occurs, the flame-retardant protective layer 3 blocks the spread of flames, and the directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer 5 diverts local hot spots to buy time for early warning. The edge wrapping 7 maintains the structural integrity of each layer to ensure that the core heat insulation and protection functions continue to be effective, ultimately achieving safe and stable thermal isolation between batteries.

[0027] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nano-silica insulation board, comprising a nano-silica microporous core insulation layer (1), characterized in that: The nano-silica microporous core heat insulation layer (1) is provided with an insulation modification transition layer (2), a flame retardant protective layer (3), and a buffer adapter layer (4) on both sides from the inside to the outside. A directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer (5) is provided between the insulation modification transition layer (2) and the flame retardant protective layer (3). An electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer (6) is provided between the flame retardant protective layer (3) and the buffer adapter layer (4). An edge wrapping (7) is provided on the outside of the nano-silica microporous core heat insulation layer (1). The edge wrapping (7) covers the insulation modification transition layer (2), the directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer (5), the flame retardant protective layer (3), the electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer (6), and the buffer adapter layer (4). An L-shaped positioning plate (8) matching the corner of the battery is provided at the four corners on both sides of the edge wrapping (7).

2. The nano-silica insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-silica microporous core insulation layer (1) is a three-dimensional network microporous structure formed by the composite of gaseous nano-silica particles and reinforcing phase fibers.

3. The nano-silica insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation modified transition layer (2) is a modified coating formed by combining silane coupling agent and ceramic insulating powder, and the thickness of the insulation modified transition layer (2) is set to 1-5 μm.

4. The nano-silica insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional heat dissipation microchannel auxiliary layer (5) is composed of an ultrathin ceramic substrate film with micron-sized mesh channels etched in it and filled with aluminum nitride ceramic particles and silicone resin composite material.

5. The nano-silica insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer (6) is made of modified polyacrylonitrile fiber felt, and the thickness of the electrolyte adsorption barrier auxiliary layer (6) is set to 0.5-1mm.

6. The nano-silica insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the buffer adapter layer (4) is set to 1-3mm, and the surface of the buffer adapter layer (4) is provided with a concave-convex structure that fits with the battery shell.

7. The nano-silica insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge banding (7) has a thickness of 0.5-1mm and is integrated with each layer by hot melting or bonding processes.

8. The nano-silica insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The L-shaped positioning plate (8) and the edge trim (7) are integrally formed, and the inner corner arc of the L-shaped positioning plate (8) matches the outer corner arc of the battery corner.

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