A battery, battery pack, and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model relates to new energy battery technical field discloses a kind of battery, battery pack and battery package, its battery includes: shell, inside having inner chamber;Battery core, it is set in inner chamber;Pole, it is set in one end of shell along first direction and with battery core electric connection;Pressure-reducing valve, it is set in the other end of shell along first direction, and pressure-reducing valve is communicated with inner chamber;Protective film, it is covered at least on the end surface of battery core along first direction towards pressure-reducing valve, and first air hole is arranged on protective film;Supporting plate, it is in inner chamber and located the side of battery core towards pressure-reducing valve, second air hole is arranged on supporting plate, and the projection profile of first air hole and second air hole in the plane on vertical first direction does not coincide. The utility model can not only facilitate the gas in battery core to discharge from pressure-reducing valve, but also can prevent battery core from dropping material to shell, reduce short-circuit risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy battery technology, and in particular to a battery, battery pack, and battery module. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, some batteries have switched to a bottom-opening valve design to avoid safety hazards to passengers when the top pressure relief valve is triggered. However, the battery cells are wrapped in a protective film, and there is also a support plate inside the battery to support the cells. The support plate is located at the bottom of the cells. The structure of the protective film and the support plate can easily obstruct the exhaust path, which is not conducive to the discharge of gas from the pressure relief valve and affects battery safety. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery, battery pack, and battery module that can reduce blockage of the exhaust path, facilitate the discharge of gas from the pressure reducing valve, and reduce battery safety risks.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a battery, comprising: The outer shell has an internal cavity. The battery cell is disposed within the inner cavity; A terminal post is disposed at one end of the housing along a first direction and is electrically connected to the battery cell; A pressure reducing valve is disposed at the other end of the housing along the first direction, and the pressure reducing valve is connected to the inner cavity; A protective film, which covers at least the end face of the battery cell facing the pressure reducing valve along the first direction, and the protective film is provided with a first vent hole; A tray, which is located in the inner cavity and on the side of the battery cell facing the pressure reducing valve, is provided with a second vent hole, and the projection outlines of the first vent hole and the second vent hole on a plane perpendicular to the first direction do not coincide; The number of the first vent holes is n, and the projected area of ​​the first vent holes on the tray is S1 (mm²). 2 The number of the second vent holes is N, and the projected area of ​​the second vent holes on the tray is S2 (mm²). 2 The surface area of ​​the pallet is S3 (mm²). 2 ), satisfying: 1≥(n * S1+ N * S2) / S3≥0.3.

[0005] Another aspect of this invention provides a battery pack comprising at least two batteries as described above, each of which is electrically connected to the other.

[0006] Another aspect of this utility model provides a battery pack, including a housing and at least two battery packs as described above, each battery pack being disposed within the housing and electrically connected to each other.

[0007] This utility model provides a battery, a battery pack, and a battery module. Compared with the prior art, its advantages are as follows: This battery invention utilizes a first vent hole on the protective film covering the battery cell and a second vent hole on the support plate. This facilitates the release of gas from the battery cell through a pressure-reducing valve. Furthermore, the projected outlines of the first and second vent holes on a plane perpendicular to the first direction do not overlap, preventing the battery cell from falling onto the casing and reducing the risk of short circuits. Additionally, limiting the ratio of the projected area of ​​the first and second vent holes to the surface area of ​​the support plate ensures effective venting and reduces battery safety risks.

[0008] The battery pack of this utility model, including the battery described above, can facilitate the discharge of gas inside the battery cell through the pressure reducing valve and prevent the battery cell from falling onto the casing, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit.

[0009] The battery pack of this utility model, including the aforementioned battery group, can facilitate the discharge of gas inside the battery cell through the pressure reducing valve and prevent the battery cell from falling onto the outer casing, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the battery from another angle according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cell and protective film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure from another angle.

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the protective film and tray according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the protective film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram, 1 is the outer casing; 2 is the battery cell; 3 is the terminal post; 4 is the pressure reducing valve; 5 is the protective film; 6 is the support plate; 51 is the first vent; 52 is the first membrane; 53 is the second membrane; 61 is the second vent; Z is the first direction; X is the second direction; Y is the third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0018] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0021] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-5 A battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a casing 1, a battery cell 2, terminals 3, a pressure reducing valve 4, a protective film 5, and a support plate 6.

[0023] The outer shell 1 has an internal cavity.

[0024] The outer casing 1 is a square shell, meaning the battery is a tetragonal prism battery. The internal cavity of the outer casing 1 is used to house the battery cell 2. The outer casing 1 can improve the strength of the battery and prevent damage to the battery cell 2 inside the battery. The material of the outer casing 1 is a metal, such as aluminum or steel.

[0025] Cell 2 is located inside the cavity.

[0026] Cell 2 includes a separator and two electrodes with opposite polarities: a positive electrode and a negative electrode. It operates by the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The cycling process of cell 2 involves metal ions moving from the positive electrode to the negative electrode and then back again. Cell 2 also includes tabs electrically connected to the electrodes. The positive tab is electrically connected to the positive electrode, and the negative tab is electrically connected to the negative electrode. Cell 2 achieves charging and discharging through the positive and negative tabs. The electrodes include a current collector and an active material layer, with the active material layer coated on the surface of the current collector. If the electrode is a positive electrode, the current collector can be made of aluminum, and the active material layer can be made of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganese oxide, etc. If the electrode is a negative electrode, the current collector can be made of copper, and the active material layer can be made of carbon or silicon, etc.

[0027] The electrode post 3 is disposed at one end of the outer casing 1 along the first direction Z and is electrically connected to the battery cell 2.

[0028] The terminals 3 include a positive terminal 3 and a negative terminal 3, both of which are mounted on the outer casing 1 and electrically connected to the battery cell 2. The positive and negative terminals 3 serve as the battery's current output terminals. The current output of the battery cell 2 is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals 3, which in turn connect adjacent batteries, enabling series and parallel connections between the batteries. The positive and negative terminals 3 can be made of metals such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, or copper-aluminum alloy.

[0029] In this embodiment, since the outer casing 1 is a square-shell battery, the battery is rectangular in shape. The height direction of the outer casing 1 is the first direction Z, the length direction of the outer casing 1 is the second direction X, and the width direction of the outer casing 1 is the third direction Y. The first direction Z, the second direction X, and the third direction Y are all perpendicular to each other. Perpendicular means an angle of 85° to 95°.

[0030] The pressure reducing valve 4 is located at the other end of the outer shell 1 along the first direction Z, and the pressure reducing valve 4 is connected to the inner cavity.

[0031] The pressure reducing valve 4 is a crucial component for ensuring battery safety. It is primarily used to release pressure promptly when the internal pressure of the battery abnormally increases, preventing explosion or severe damage. In this embodiment, the pressure reducing valve 4 and the terminal post 3 are located at opposite ends of the battery; that is, the terminal post 3 is located at the top of the battery, and the pressure reducing valve 4 is positioned at the bottom. Pressure is released at the bottom during venting, effectively releasing internal pressure and reducing the safety threat to surrounding personnel. Please refer to Figure 4 The protective film 5 covers at least the end face of the battery cell 2 facing the pressure reducing valve 4 along the first direction Z, and the portion of the protective film 5 covering this end face is provided with a first vent hole 51.

[0032] The protective film 5 covers the surface of the battery cell 2, isolating the battery cell 2 from the outer casing 1 and preventing direct contact between them, thus preventing short circuits. Furthermore, during battery production and assembly, the protective film 5 acts as a buffer when the battery cell 2 is subjected to friction, pressure, or impact. In addition, since the battery cell 2 includes at least two electrodes, the protective film 5 helps to constrain the shape of the battery cell 2.

[0033] The protective film 5 can be a one-piece structure or a separate structure.

[0034] The first vent 51 allows the gas generated by the battery cell 2 to be discharged into the inner cavity outside the protective film 5, so that the gas can flow to the pressure reducing valve 4 when the pressure is released.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 5 The tray 6 is located in the inner cavity and on the side of the battery cell 2 facing the pressure reducing valve 4. The tray 6 is provided with a second vent 61. The projection outlines of the first vent 51 and the second vent 61 on the plane perpendicular to the first direction Z do not coincide.

[0036] The tray 6 is designed to support the battery cell 2 and prevent it from shifting due to its own weight, assembly error or vibration. The tray 6 also acts as a buffer when the battery is subjected to external impact or vibration. In addition, the tray 6 also acts as an insulator. It is usually made of one or more materials such as PP and PET.

[0037] The second vent 61 on the tray 6 allows the gas flowing out of the first vent 51 to flow through the second vent 61 to the pressure reducing valve 4, so that the gas can flow to the pressure reducing valve 4 when the pressure is released, thereby reducing the battery safety risk.

[0038] The projection contours of the first vent 51 and the second vent 61 on the plane perpendicular to the first direction Z do not overlap, which can prevent the battery cell 2 from falling onto the outer casing 1 and reduce the risk of short circuit.

[0039] The number of first vent holes 51 is n, and the projected area of ​​the first vent holes 51 on the support plate 6 is S1 (mm²). 2 The number of second vent holes 61 is N, and the projected area of ​​the second vent holes 61 on the support plate 6 is S2 (mm²). 2 The surface area of ​​pallet 6 is S3 (mm²). 2 ), satisfying: 1.1≥(n * S1+ N * S2) / S3≥0.3.

[0040] The surface area of ​​the pallet 6 is the large surface area of ​​the pallet 6, which is the surface area of ​​the two ends of the pallet 6 along the first direction Z.

[0041] Preferably, (n * S1 + N * S2) / S3 can also take values ​​of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1 or 1.1.

[0042] The larger the total area of ​​the first vent 51 and the second vent 61, the larger the area that gas can pass through, the smoother the gas flow, and the easier it is for the gas generated inside the battery cell 2 to leave the protective film 5 quickly, pass through the support plate 6, and gather towards the pressure reducing valve 4, resulting in a better exhaust effect.

[0043] In addition, the following conditions are also met: 100≤n * S1≤3000, 100≤N * S2≤3000, 2000≤S3≤25000, 15≤S1≤50, 15≤S2≤50.

[0044] Preferably, n * S1 can take values ​​of 100, 150, 480, 810, 1380, 1940, 2260, 2590, 3000, etc., and N * S2 can take values ​​of 100, 500, 700, 1000, 1200, 1700, 2100, 2800, 3000, etc. S3 can take values ​​of 2000, 5000, 9000, 14000, 19000, 23000, 25000, etc. S1 can take values ​​of 15, 30, 45, 50, etc. S2 can take values ​​of 15, 20, 40, 50, etc.

[0045] In order to achieve better exhaust effect, the area of ​​the end face of the protective film 5 facing the pressure reducing valve 4 is larger than the area of ​​the support plate 6, so that a gap is formed between the support plate 6 and the inner wall of the outer casing 1. When the battery thermally runs away, the gas generated in the cell 2 can also be discharged through the gap between the support plate 6 and the inner wall of the outer casing 1.

[0046] Understandably, in order to further improve the exhaust effect and prevent the battery cell 2 from falling onto the outer casing 1 and reduce the risk of short circuit, the sum of the total area of ​​the first vent 51 and the total area of ​​the second vent 61 can be close to the area of ​​the tray 6, that is, the value of (n * S1 + N * S2) / S3 can be 0.8, 0.9 or 1.

[0047] The projected area of ​​the protective film 5 on the tray 6 is S4 (mm²). 2 ), satisfying: 0.1≤ n * S1 / S4≤0.6.

[0048] Preferably, n * S1 / S4 can also take values ​​such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, etc.

[0049] When this range is met, the larger the total area through which gas can pass through the first vent 51, the easier it is for the gas generated inside the cell 2 to leave the protective film 5 quickly, and the smoother the gas flow.

[0050] The first vent 51 is located at both ends of the protective film 5 along the second direction X.

[0051] In other embodiments, the number of first vent holes 51 and their positions on the protective film 5 may be set as needed.

[0052] In the case where the first vent 51 is located at both ends of the protective film 5 along the second direction X, the second vent 61 is located at both ends of the support plate 6 along the second direction X.

[0053] The second vent 61 is located close to the first vent 51, which facilitates the flow of gas through the first vent 51 into the second vent 61.

[0054] The distance between the first vent 51 located at both ends of the protective film 5 along the second direction X and the inner wall of the outer shell 1 is less than the distance between the second vent 61 located at both ends of the support plate 6 along the second direction X and the inner wall of the outer shell 1.

[0055] In the second direction X, the distance between the first vent 51 and the inner wall of the outer casing 1 is closer, which facilitates the gas to pass through the first vent 51 and the second vent 61, and facilitates the gas diffusion and flow to the pressure reducing valve 4.

[0056] The tray 6 falls completely into the projection outline of the protective film 5 on the plane where the tray 6 is located.

[0057] The size of the tray 6 is smaller than the surface of the battery cell 2 facing the pressure reducing valve 4, and also smaller than the size of the protective film 5 covering this surface, which facilitates gas diffusion and flow to the pressure reducing valve 4.

[0058] The first vent 51 can be circular, square, or irregular in shape.

[0059] The second vent 61 can be circular, square, or irregular in shape.

[0060] In this embodiment, both the first vent 51 and the second vent 61 are circular. In other embodiments, the shapes of the first vent 51 and the second vent 61 can be set according to the actual situation.

[0061] In this embodiment, a pressure-reducing zone is provided on the tray 6, which is used to cooperate with the pressure-reducing valve 4. The projection of the first vent 51 on the tray 6 is located outside the pressure-reducing zone.

[0062] In this embodiment, the pressure relief zone is configured as a through hole. In other embodiments, other structurally weaker structures can also be configured to cooperate with the pressure relief valve 4. For example, the thickness of the pressure relief zone may be less than the thickness of the support plate 6. When thermal runaway occurs inside the battery, the pressure relief zone is easily damaged so that the gas inside the cell 2 can be quickly discharged to the pressure relief valve 4.

[0063] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 The protective film 5 includes a first film 52 and a second film 53. The first film 52 and the second film 53 together cover the end face of the battery cell 2 facing the pressure reducing valve 4 along the first direction Z. At least a portion of the first film 52 and the second film 53 are stacked and form an exhaust channel between them. A first vent hole 51 is provided on both the first film 52 and the second film 53.

[0064] The first membrane 52 and the second membrane 53 can be separate units. Both the first membrane 52 and the second membrane 53 cover the end face of the battery cell 2 facing the pressure reducing valve 4 along the first direction Z, or both the first membrane 52 and the second membrane 53 cover a portion of the end face. Both the first membrane 52 and the second membrane 53 are relatively soft, and the overlapping part allows gas to flow, thereby forming an exhaust channel. The gas inside the battery cell 2 flows out through the exhaust channel and then out through any of the first vent holes 51.

[0065] In this embodiment, both the first membrane 52 and the second membrane 53 cover a portion of the end face of the battery cell 2 facing the pressure reducing valve 4 along the first direction Z.

[0066] The first membrane 52 and the second membrane 53 are stacked. The first membrane 52 is between the battery cell 2 and the second membrane 53, or the second membrane 53 is between the battery cell 2 and the first membrane 52. The first membrane 52 covers a part of this end face, and the second membrane 53 covers another part of this end face. Together, they cover all parts of this end face.

[0067] The protective film 5 also covers the two end faces of the cell 2 along the third direction Y, where the third direction Y and the first direction Z are perpendicular to each other.

[0068] Specifically, the first membrane 52 and the second membrane 53 also cover the two end faces of the cell 2 along the third direction Y, respectively.

[0069] The first membrane 52 partially covers one end face of the battery cell 2 along the first direction Z, and another portion covers part or all of the end face of the cell 2 along the first direction Z facing the pressure reducing valve 4. The second membrane 53 partially covers the other end face of the battery cell 2 along the first direction Z, and another portion covers part or all of the end face of the cell 2 along the first direction Z facing the pressure reducing valve 4.

[0070] This embodiment also provides a battery pack, including at least two batteries as described above, with each battery electrically connected to the others. This structure facilitates the release of gas from the cell 2 through the pressure reducing valve 4 and prevents the cell 2 from falling onto the casing 1, reducing the risk of short circuits.

[0071] A battery pack is an intermediate energy unit formed by connecting multiple batteries in series or parallel, along with connecting tabs and a fixed protective structure. It is used to compensate for the insufficient voltage and capacity of a single battery. It can initially organize the battery cells, resist minor vibrations and dust, and provide standardized positive and negative terminals. It can directly power small and medium-sized equipment such as drones and power tools, and is also a core component of new energy vehicles and energy storage battery packs.

[0072] This embodiment also provides a battery pack, including a housing and at least two battery packs as described above, each battery pack being disposed within the housing and electrically connected to each other. This structure facilitates the release of gas from the battery cell 2 through the pressure reducing valve 4 and prevents the battery cell 2 from falling onto the outer casing 1, reducing the risk of short circuits.

[0073] A battery pack is a complete energy system centered around a battery pack, integrating a battery management system, thermal management, a high-voltage power distribution unit (PDU), and a housing. It can stably output high-voltage power, prevent overcharging and over-discharging through the battery management system, control temperature through thermal management, and is also waterproof and impact-resistant. It can directly power large loads such as new energy vehicles and energy storage power stations.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that, include: The outer shell has an internal cavity. The battery cell is disposed within the inner cavity; A terminal post is disposed at one end of the housing along a first direction and is electrically connected to the battery cell; A pressure reducing valve is disposed at the other end of the housing along the first direction, and the pressure reducing valve is connected to the inner cavity; A protective film, which covers at least the end face of the battery cell facing the pressure reducing valve along the first direction, wherein a first vent hole is provided on the portion of the protective film covering the end face; A tray, which is located in the inner cavity and on the side of the battery cell facing the pressure reducing valve, is provided with a second vent hole, and the projection contours of the first vent hole and the second vent hole do not coincide on the plane perpendicular to the first direction; The number of the first vent holes is n, and the projected area of ​​the first vent holes on the tray is S1 (mm²). 2 The number of the second vent holes is N, and the projected area of ​​the second vent holes on the tray is S2 (mm²). 2 The surface area of ​​the pallet is S3 (mm²). 2 ), satisfying: 1≥(n * S1+ N * S2) / S3≥0.

3.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projected area of ​​the protective film on the tray is S4 (mm²). 2 ), 0.1≤ n * S1 / S4≤0.

6.

3. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vent is located at both ends of the protective film along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

4. The battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second vent is located at both ends of the tray along the second direction.

5. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the first vent hole located at both ends of the protective film along the second direction and the inner wall of the outer shell is less than the distance between the second vent hole located at both ends of the tray along the second direction and the inner wall of the outer shell.

6. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tray falls completely within the projection outline of the protective film on the plane where the tray is located.

7. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vent hole can be circular, square, or irregular in shape.

8. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second vent can be circular, square, or irregular in shape.

9. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tray is provided with a pressure-reducing zone, which is used to cooperate with the pressure-reducing valve. The projection of the first vent hole on the tray is located outside the pressure-reducing zone.

10. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective film includes a first film and a second film. The first film and the second film together cover the end face of the battery cell facing the pressure reducing valve along the first direction. At least a portion of the first film and the second film are stacked and form an exhaust channel between them. The first vent hole is provided on both the first film and the second film.

11. The battery according to claim 10, characterized in that: Both the first membrane and the second membrane cover a portion of the end face of the battery cell facing the pressure reducing valve along the first direction.

12. The battery according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first membrane and the second membrane also cover the two end faces of the cell along a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

13. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective film also covers the two end faces of the cell along a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

14. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes at least two batteries as described in any one of claims 1-13, each of which is electrically connected to the other.

15. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes a housing and at least two battery packs as described in claim 14, each of the battery packs being disposed within the housing and electrically connected to each other.

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