Solid state battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of solid-state battery package, for the existing solid-state battery package will generally be set heat dissipation hole for battery package heat dissipation, but in special circumstances, large pressure will be generated in battery package, cannot be relieved by heat dissipation hole, while intensity is not high, when encountering strong impact, it will cause damage problem to internal element, present the following scheme, including base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with shell, the shell includes shell and inner shell, the top of the shell is fixedly connected with upper cover, the shell is opened with heat dissipation hole, the utility model is relieved by making sealing cover open in extreme case, quickly reduce the pressure inside battery package, prevent shell and break due to overpressure, realize safety protection, by enhancing structure, the mechanical impact resistance of battery package is improved, protect internal cell from extrusion and damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a battery pack, and more specifically, to a solid-state battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] A battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It contains an electrolyte solution and metal electrodes to generate an electric current. Battery packs are used in various power tools in modern life.

[0003] Existing solid-state battery packs typically have heat dissipation holes for cooling. However, under certain circumstances, the battery pack may experience significant internal pressure, which cannot be relieved by the heat dissipation holes. Furthermore, the holes are not strong enough to withstand strong impacts, which can damage internal components.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a solid-state battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0005] One objective of this invention is to provide a new technical solution for solid-state battery packs.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a solid-state battery pack is provided, including a base, a housing fixedly connected to the top of the base, the housing including an outer shell and an inner shell, a top cover fixedly connected to the top of the housing, and heat dissipation holes provided on the housing. It also includes a pressure relief mechanism on the top cover for pressure relief and a reinforcing structure on the housing.

[0007] Optionally, the pressure relief mechanism includes a pressure relief pipe, a through hole, a telescopic cylinder, a sealing cover, a sliding plate, and a connecting column. The pressure relief pipe is fixedly connected to the upper cover and communicates with the inside of the housing. Multiple through holes are formed in a ring at the bottom of the pressure relief pipe. The telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the pressure relief pipe. The sliding plate is slidably and sealingly connected inside the telescopic cylinder. The bottom end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding plate, and the top end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover. A sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover.

[0008] Optionally, the reinforcement mechanism includes a cavity disposed between the outer shell and the inner shell, and a non-Newtonian fluid material disposed within the cavity.

[0009] Optionally, a spring is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the telescopic cylinder, and the top end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide plate.

[0010] Optionally, the base is a multi-layer structure, including a structural layer, a liquid cooling plate and a protective layer. The liquid cooling plate has a serpentine flow channel with a depth of 0.5mm-2mm, and an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are respectively provided on both sides. Valves are provided on both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

[0011] Optionally, a filter screen is bolted to the outside of the housing, and the filter screen covers the heat dissipation holes.

[0012] Optionally, the structural layer is an aluminum alloy profile, the liquid cooling plate is an aluminum alloy, and the protective layer is an engineering plastic.

[0013] In practical use, the heat generated by the battery during operation is conducted through the battery module to the bottom protective layer, and then efficiently transferred to the liquid cooling plate. Coolant flows from the inlet pipe into the serpentine flow channel inside the liquid cooling plate. Due to the microchannel design, the flow channel has a very large specific surface area, allowing the coolant to quickly carry away the heat and flow out through the drain pipe, thus achieving efficient active cooling. Simultaneously, some heat can also be passively dissipated through the heat dissipation holes in the casing, relying on natural air convection. The filter keeps the interior clean during this process.

[0014] The serpentine flow channel design forces the coolant to flow across the entire base plane, avoiding localized overheating and ensuring a uniform temperature field at the bottom of the battery pack, which is beneficial for all cells to be in the same optimal operating temperature range.

[0015] When the internal pressure of the battery pack is normal, the sealing cap, under the action of the spring force (or its own weight), tightly covers the top of the pressure relief pipe, the telescopic cylinder is in a naturally extended state, and the sliding plate blocks the through hole to ensure the sealing of the battery pack.

[0016] When the internal pressure of the battery pack rises sharply due to extreme conditions (such as gas generation from cell failure), the high-pressure gas pushes the sliding plate upwards. The sliding plate compresses the spring and moves the connecting post and sealing cover upwards. Once the sliding plate moves past the through-hole, the high-pressure gas can quickly enter the pressure relief pipe through the through-hole and eventually push open the sealing cover to release the gas. This process can quickly reduce the internal pressure of the battery pack, preventing the casing from rupturing due to overpressure and achieving safety protection. When the internal pressure returns to normal, the spring pushes the sliding plate back to its original position, resealing the through-hole, and the sealing cover also falls back to seal, and the pressure relief structure automatically returns to its standby state.

[0017] In the daily vibration environment of vehicle operation, the non-Newtonian fluid material filled in the cavity behaves as a soft viscoelastic body, which can effectively absorb and attenuate vibration energy from the outside, providing a stable working environment for the internal battery cell module.

[0018] When a battery pack is subjected to a sudden, severe impact, the impact energy is transferred to the casing. Within milliseconds, the molecular chains of the non-Newtonian fluid material lock together, causing a dramatic increase in viscosity and transforming it from a liquid to a near-solid state. This rapidly diffuses the concentrated impact force from the localized area to the entire outer and inner casing, allowing the entire casing to bear the load collectively. This significantly enhances the battery pack's resistance to mechanical shock, protecting the internal cells from compression and damage.

[0019] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, by providing a pressure relief mechanism, in extreme cases, pressure can be relieved by opening the sealing cover, which can quickly reduce the internal pressure of the battery pack, prevent the casing from rupturing due to overpressure, and achieve safety protection. By reinforcing the structure, the battery pack's resistance to mechanical shocks has been improved, protecting the internal cells from compression and damage.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic front view of a solid-state battery pack in one embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover opening structure of a solid-state battery pack in one embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a solid-state battery pack housing in one embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief pipe structure of a solid-state battery pack in one embodiment; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure relief pipe of a solid-state battery pack in one embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structural layers, liquid cooling plate, and protective layer of a solid-state battery pack in one embodiment.

[0023] The diagram shows the following: 1. Base; 111. Structural layer; 121. Liquid cooling plate; 131. Protective layer; 2. Outer shell; 3. Heat dissipation holes; 4. Inner shell; 5. Cavity; 6. Filter screen; 7. Top cover; 8. Pressure relief pipe; 9. Through hole; 10. Telescopic cylinder; 11. Sealing cover; 12. Slide plate; 13. Spring; 14. Connecting column; 15. Sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use.

[0026] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0027] In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a solid-state battery pack includes a base 1, a housing, a top cover 7, a pressure relief structure, and a reinforcement structure.

[0029] The base 1 serves as the mounting base for the battery pack. Its top is fixedly connected to a housing via bolts or welding. The housing employs a double-layer design, comprising an outer shell 2 and an inner shell 4. An annular cavity 5 is formed between the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 4. A top cover 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the housing via a sealing ring and bolts, ensuring the overall airtightness of the battery pack.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, multiple heat dissipation holes 3 are provided on the housing (usually on the outer shell 2) for daily heat dissipation and air pressure balance of the battery pack; Secondly, a filter screen 6 is fixedly connected to the outside of the heat dissipation hole 3 by bolts. The filter screen 6 can effectively prevent dust, foreign objects and insects from entering the battery pack through the heat dissipation hole 3. like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the pressure relief structure is installed on the upper cover 7.

[0031] Specifically, a pressure relief pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the top cover 7. The lower end of the pressure relief pipe 8 is connected to the inside of the battery pack. Multiple through holes 9 are annularly opened on the bottom wall of the pressure relief pipe 8. A telescopic cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the pressure relief pipe 8. The slide plate 12 is slidably connected to the inside of the telescopic cylinder 10 in a sealed manner. A connecting post 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the slide plate 12. The top of the connecting post 14 extends out of the pressure relief pipe 8 and is fixedly connected to a sealing cover 11. A sealing gasket 15 is fixedly connected to the sealing cover 11. In a natural state, the sealing cover 11 covers the top opening of the pressure relief pipe 8 under its own weight or the action of external buckles, forming a seal. In order to provide a restoring force, a spring 13 can also be fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the telescopic cylinder 10. The top of the spring 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide plate 12.

[0032] Under normal circumstances, the gas inside the battery pack is discharged through the heat dissipation hole 3. When a special situation occurs and the internal gas pressure suddenly increases, the internal gas will push the sealing cover 11 upward to release the pressure.

[0033] The reinforcing structure is the cavity 5 between the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 4, and the non-Newtonian fluid material (such as a mixture of polyethylene glycol, silicone and particulate matter) filled in the cavity 5. The non-Newtonian fluid material is soft under normal conditions and can absorb and buffer vibrations. When subjected to a sudden and violent impact (such as a collision), its viscosity will increase sharply and harden instantly, thereby dispersing the impact force evenly throughout the shell and greatly enhancing the impact resistance of the battery pack.

[0034] Furthermore, the base 1 has a multi-layered composite structure, comprising, from bottom to top: Structural layer 111: Made of high-strength aluminum alloy profile through extrusion forming, forming the main load-bearing structure of base 1, and integrating mounting points for connection with the vehicle body.

[0035] Liquid cooling plate 121: Also made of aluminum alloy, it is fixed to the structural layer 111 by brazing. Its interior is formed with serpentine microchannels by etching or machining. The depth of the channels is designed to be between 0.5mm and 2mm to achieve a balance between efficient heat exchange and low flow resistance. The two ends of the serpentine channels are connected to the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe, respectively. Valves are installed on the pipes for connecting to the external coolant circulation system.

[0036] Protective layer 131: Made of engineering plastic (such as polyamide PA66) by injection molding. One side of it is bonded to the liquid cooling plate 121 by thermally conductive adhesive or injection molding, while the other side is in direct contact with the battery module. The layer not only provides electrical insulation protection, but its surface can also be designed with positioning grooves for fixing the battery cell module.

[0037] It should be noted that the base 1 is equipped with a circulating pump, radiator, piping, and liquid storage tank. The cryogenic coolant is pumped from the inlet pipe into the serpentine flow channel of the liquid cooling plate 121 by the circulating pump. As the coolant flows through the flow channel, it absorbs heat conducted from the battery through the protective layer, causing its temperature to rise. The heated coolant then flows out through the drain pipe and is transported to the radiator through piping. In the radiator, the coolant is cooled by the cold air blown by the fan, lowering its temperature. The cooled coolant is then pumped back and enters the liquid cooling plate 121 through the inlet pipe to begin the next cycle. The above control is performed by a microcontroller.

[0038] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0039] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solid-state battery pack, characterized in that: Includes a base (1), the top of which is fixedly connected to a housing, the housing including an outer shell (2) and an inner shell (4), the top of which is fixedly connected to a top cover (7), and the housing having heat dissipation holes (3). It also includes a pressure relief mechanism provided on the top cover (7) for pressure relief and a reinforcing structure provided on the housing.

2. A solid-state battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief mechanism includes a pressure relief pipe (8), a through hole (9), a telescopic cylinder (10), a sealing cover (11), a sliding plate (12), and a connecting column (14). The pressure relief pipe (8) is fixedly connected to the upper cover (7) and communicates with the inside of the housing. The through hole (9) is multiple and is opened in a ring at the bottom of the pressure relief pipe (8). The telescopic cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the pressure relief pipe (8). The sliding plate (12) is sealed and slidably connected inside the telescopic cylinder (10). The bottom end of the connecting column (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding plate (12). The top end of the connecting column (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover (11). A sealing gasket (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover (11).

3. A solid-state battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reinforcement mechanism includes a cavity (5) disposed between the outer shell (2) and the inner shell (4) and a non-Newtonian fluid material disposed within the cavity (5).

4. A solid-state battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spring (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the telescopic cylinder (10), and the top of the spring (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide plate (12).

5. A solid-state battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is a multi-layer structure, including a structural layer (111), a liquid cooling plate (121) and a protective layer (131). The liquid cooling plate (121) is provided with a serpentine flow channel with a depth of 0.5mm-2mm, and an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are provided on both sides respectively. Valves are provided on both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

6. A solid-state battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen (6) is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing by bolts, and the filter screen (6) covers the heat dissipation holes (3).

7. A solid-state battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The structural layer (111) is an aluminum alloy profile, the liquid cooling plate (121) is an aluminum alloy, and the protective layer (131) is an engineering plastic.

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