A battery pack

Abstract

The utility model relates to battery technology field, propose a kind of battery pack, including box, first battery group and second battery group, box inside is equipped with the battery compartment in middle part and the two exhaust chambers of two sides of its division;First battery group and second battery group are arranged in battery compartment with interval, and first battery group and second battery group all include multiple electric core, the pole of each electric core is divided into two ends with explosion-proof valve, and the explosion-proof valve of first battery group electric core and the explosion-proof valve of second battery group electric core respectively towards the opposite sides of battery compartment;Battery compartment is opened opening corresponding two sides, so that exhaust chamber can receive and guide the gas discharged from explosion-proof valve by this. The structure is arranged explosion-proof valve by orientation and is equipped with special exhaust passage, realizes the rapid export of thermal runaway gas, avoids gas accumulation in package, effectively improves the safety reliability of battery system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of lithium-ion battery technology, battery safety performance has received increasing attention. To improve safety at the cell level, the industry has introduced thermoelectric separation cells. These cells place the explosion-proof valve and the terminals at opposite ends, effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway at the individual cell level. For example, by isolating the potential for electric arcing at the terminals, they prevent the ignition of gases generated during thermal runaway. This design improves the inherent safety of the cell to a certain extent and represents a significant advancement in current battery technology.

[0003] However, the safety advantages of thermoelectrically separated cells are not fully utilized at the battery pack system integration level. Current battery pack designs typically employ a stacking of explosion-proof valves and incorporate venting channels within the pack to handle thermal runaway events. However, this arrangement results in high-temperature, high-pressure gases generated by cell thermal runaway still escaping into the internal space of the battery pack, unable to dissipate quickly. This accumulation leads to secondary safety hazards, such as heat spread or increased internal pressure, ultimately affecting the safety and reliability of the entire battery system. Therefore, an improved battery pack structure is urgently needed to fully leverage the safety potential of thermoelectrically separated cells and address the venting and thermal management issues during integration. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a battery pack that aims to solve the problem in the prior art where the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway during the integration of thermoelectric separated cells into the battery pack cannot be effectively discharged from the battery compartment, leading to the accumulation of safety hazards.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: This utility model provides a battery pack, comprising: The housing is configured to include a battery compartment and two exhaust compartments; the battery compartment is located in the middle of the housing, and the two exhaust compartments are located on opposite sides of the battery compartment. A first battery pack and a second battery pack are spaced apart within the battery compartment and each includes multiple battery cells. The positive and negative terminals on each battery cell are located at the same end of the cell, and the explosion-proof valve on each battery cell is located at the end of the cell away from the terminal. The explosion-proof valves on the cells in the first battery pack and the cells in the second battery pack face opposite sides of the battery compartment, respectively. The battery compartment has openings on both sides of the wall corresponding to the explosion-proof valve. The exhaust chamber is connected to the battery compartment through the openings and is used to receive and guide the gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the openings on both sides of the battery compartment are directly opposite to the positions of the explosion-proof valves of the battery cells and are equal in number.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, a pressure relief valve is provided on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the housing further includes two liquid cooling chambers, which are located on the side of the two exhaust chambers away from the battery compartment.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the liquid cooling chamber is a sealed structure, and its interior is filled with a non-flowing cooling medium.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the liquid cooling chamber is provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe for connecting to an external cooling system, so that the coolant flows inside the liquid cooling chamber.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the two liquid cooling chambers are connected in series by connecting pipes, so that the coolant flows through the two liquid cooling chambers in sequence.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the two liquid cooling chambers are connected in parallel through connecting pipes, so that the coolant flows into the two liquid cooling chambers simultaneously.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the plurality of cells in the first battery pack and the second battery pack are arranged sideways along the thickness direction of the cells.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, a beam structure is provided between the first battery pack and the second battery pack to separate and support the two battery packs.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: (1) The battery pack of this utility model achieves directional flow and effective treatment of thermal runaway gas through a specific box structure design and cell arrangement. The explosion-proof valve of the cell is arranged facing the outside of the battery pack, combined with a special exhaust channel design, to ensure that the high temperature and high pressure gas generated by thermal runaway can be quickly discharged from the battery compartment, avoiding secondary safety hazards caused by gas accumulation inside the battery pack, and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the battery system.

[0016] (2) By installing a pressure relief valve on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber, the orderly guidance and safe discharge of thermal runaway gas are achieved, effectively preventing potential safety hazards caused by pressure accumulation and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack. The synergistic effect of the pressure relief valve and the exhaust chamber ensures the integrity and reliability of the gas discharge path under thermal runaway conditions, providing the ultimate safety guarantee for the battery pack.

[0017] (3) The coordinated operation of the liquid cooling chamber and the exhaust chamber constructs a progressive thermal protection system. The exhaust chamber first reduces and guides the gas, and then the liquid cooling chamber performs deep cooling and flame blocking. This hierarchical design makes the thermal management effect present a gradient distribution, effectively disperses the thermal shock pressure, and avoids system failure caused by heat concentration. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the battery pack disclosed in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the battery pack after the casing has been removed, as disclosed in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the box body disclosed in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a top view of the battery pack disclosed in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Planar sectional view at point AA; Figure label: 1. Housing; 11. Battery compartment; 12. Exhaust compartment; 111. Opening; 121. Pressure relief valve; 13. Liquid cooling compartment; 131. Liquid inlet pipe; 132. Liquid outlet pipe; L. Connecting pipe; 14. Beam structure; 20. First battery pack; 30. Second battery pack; 10. Battery cell; 101. Positive terminal; 102. Negative terminal; 103. Explosion-proof valve. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, combined with Figure 2-5 The present invention discloses a battery pack comprising a housing 1, a first battery pack 20 and a second battery pack 30.

[0022] The interior of the housing 1 is constructed to include a battery compartment 11 and two exhaust chambers 12. The battery compartment 11 is located in the central area of ​​the housing 1, and the two exhaust chambers 12 are respectively located on opposite sides of the battery compartment 11. This layout forms a basic structural framework combining a central housing area and two side exhaust areas.

[0023] The first battery pack 20 and the second battery pack 30 are spaced apart within the battery compartment 11. Each battery pack contains multiple battery cells 10. These battery cells 10 employ a specific structural design, with their positive terminal 101 and negative terminal 102 located at the same end of the cell 10, while the explosion-proof valve 103 is located at the other end of the cell 10, opposite to the terminal end. This arrangement physically isolates the electrical connection end from the safety relief end of each battery cell 10.

[0024] The first battery pack 20 and the second battery pack 30 are arranged in a specific manner, wherein the explosion-proof valves 103 of each cell 10 in the first battery pack 20 face one side of the battery compartment 11, while the explosion-proof valves 103 of each cell 10 in the second battery pack 30 face the opposite side of the battery compartment 11. This opposing arrangement ensures that the explosion-proof valves 103 of the two battery packs face different sides.

[0025] Openings 111 are provided on the two side walls of the battery compartment 11 corresponding to the positions of the explosion-proof valves 103 and the positions of the explosion-proof valves 103 on the battery cells 10. The exhaust chamber 12 is connected to the interior of the battery compartment 11 through these openings 111, forming a gas passage from the inside of the battery pack to the outside. When the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the generated high-temperature, high-pressure gas can be discharged from the explosion-proof valves 103 and enter the exhaust chamber 12 through the openings 111 on the walls of the battery compartment 11.

[0026] As an intermediate channel for gas treatment, the exhaust chamber 12 not only provides a path for gas flow but also buffers the high-temperature exhaust gas. During the gas flow within the exhaust chamber 12, the impact force is reduced, and the temperature and pressure are lowered, creating conditions for safe subsequent emissions.

[0027] This utility model's battery pack, through a specific box structure design and cell arrangement, achieves directional flow and effective handling of thermal runaway gas. By arranging the explosion-proof valves 103 of the cells 10 towards the outside of the battery pack, combined with a dedicated exhaust channel design, it ensures that the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway can be quickly discharged from the battery compartment 11, avoiding secondary safety hazards caused by gas accumulation inside the battery pack and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the battery system.

[0028] In some embodiments, the openings 111 on both side walls of the battery compartment 11 are aligned with and equal in number to the explosion-proof valves 103 of the battery cells 10. This arrangement ensures that the thermal runaway gas generated by each battery cell 10 has an independent and direct venting channel. The alignment of the central axis of the opening 111 with the central axis of the explosion-proof valve 103 ensures that the gas is not obstructed by the compartment walls during discharge, effectively reducing gas flow resistance.

[0029] The design, where the number of openings 111 equals the number of cell explosion-proof valves 103, creates a one-to-one pressure relief channel layout. Each cell 10 has its own dedicated exhaust channel. This structure avoids the gas turbulence and pressure superposition phenomena that may occur when multiple cells 10 share a single opening 111. When a cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the generated high-temperature gas can be quickly discharged through its specially designed opening 111 without interfering with the normal operation of adjacent cells 10.

[0030] In some embodiments, a pressure relief valve 121 is provided on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber 12. As a pressure-sensitive element, the pressure relief valve 121 can automatically adjust its opening state according to the pressure change inside the exhaust chamber 12. When the gas pressure inside the exhaust chamber 12 reaches a set threshold, the pressure relief valve 121 automatically opens to ensure that the gas is discharged in time; when the pressure returns to normal, the valve closes to prevent external contaminants from entering.

[0031] In this embodiment, the cell explosion-proof valve 103 serves as the primary pressure relief, guiding the thermal runaway gas into the exhaust chamber 12; the exhaust chamber 12 acts as a buffer zone for initial cooling and pressure reduction; and the pressure relief valve 121 on the outer wall serves as the final control node, enabling controlled emission. The directional installation of the pressure relief valve 121 ensures that high-temperature gas and flames are directly directed to a safe area outside the battery pack, avoiding secondary damage to other components inside the pack.

[0032] By installing a pressure relief valve 121 on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber 12, the orderly guidance and safe discharge of thermal runaway gases are achieved, effectively preventing potential safety hazards caused by pressure accumulation and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack. The synergistic effect of the pressure relief valve 121 and the exhaust chamber 12 ensures the integrity and reliability of the gas discharge path in the event of thermal runaway, providing ultimate safety assurance for the battery pack.

[0033] In some embodiments, the housing 1 further includes two liquid cooling chambers 13, which are located on the side of the two exhaust chambers 12 away from the battery compartment 11.

[0034] The cooling medium within the liquid-cooled chamber 13 enables continuous cooling of the high-temperature gas. When the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway enters the exhaust chamber 12, the structural design of the liquid-cooled chamber 13, which is closely attached to the wall of the exhaust chamber 12, allows heat to be rapidly transferred to the cooling medium. The cooling medium, with its high specific heat capacity, absorbs a large amount of heat energy, significantly reducing the gas temperature before it is discharged. This active heat exchange mechanism effectively reduces the intensity of thermal shock, providing a stable thermal buffer barrier for the system.

[0035] The coordinated operation of the liquid cooling chamber 13 and the exhaust chamber 12 constructs a progressive thermal protection system. The exhaust chamber 12 first reduces and directs the gas, followed by deep cooling and flame blocking by the liquid cooling chamber 13. This hierarchical design results in a gradient distribution of thermal management effects, effectively dispersing thermal shock pressure and preventing system failure caused by concentrated heat.

[0036] In some implementations, the liquid cooling chamber 13 is a sealed structure filled with a non-flowing cooling medium. This sealed design ensures that the cooling medium remains stable within the liquid cooling chamber 13 over a long period, enabling thermal management without the need for an external circulation system. The sealed structure effectively prevents medium leakage or evaporation loss, improving the system's reliability and service life.

[0037] Non-flowable cooling media are typically made of materials with high specific heat capacity or phase change properties, which absorb and store heat through their own thermal properties. When high-temperature gas or flames generated by thermal runaway impact the liquid-cooled chamber 13, the cooling medium consumes a large amount of thermal energy through sensible heat absorption or latent heat of phase change. This static thermal management method does not rely on external power and can respond immediately when a thermal event occurs.

[0038] In some other embodiments, the liquid cooling chamber 13 is provided with an inlet pipe 131 and an outlet pipe 132 for connecting to an external cooling system so that the coolant flows inside the liquid cooling chamber 13.

[0039] The inlet pipe 131 is responsible for introducing coolant from the external cooling system into the liquid cooling chamber 13, while the outlet pipe 132 discharges the coolant after it has absorbed heat back to the external system. This circulating flow mechanism ensures that the coolant always maintains its optimal operating temperature, improving the efficiency and stability of thermal management. The flowing coolant rapidly removes heat through convection heat transfer, resulting in higher heat transfer efficiency than static cooling.

[0040] In some embodiments, two liquid cooling chambers 13 are connected in series via a connecting pipe L, allowing the coolant to flow sequentially through both chambers. In this configuration, the coolant enters the first liquid cooling chamber 13 from the external cooling system through the inlet pipe 131, flows through that chamber, and then enters the second liquid cooling chamber 13 via the connecting pipe L. Finally, it returns to the external system through the outlet pipe 132. The series connection ensures that the coolant flows sequentially through the two liquid cooling chambers 13, forming a continuous flow path. This design ensures that the coolant can exchange heat with each liquid cooling chamber 13 in sequence, with a clear and simple flow path.

[0041] In some embodiments, the two liquid cooling chambers 13 are connected in parallel via a connecting pipe L, allowing coolant to flow into both chambers simultaneously. This parallel connection offers unique advantages in terms of flow distribution and heat exchange efficiency. Both chambers 13 receive coolant at the same temperature and flow rate, ensuring consistent thermal management. This design is particularly suitable for scenarios requiring rapid response to thermal events, as the coolant acts on both chambers simultaneously, improving overall heat exchange efficiency. The relatively low flow resistance of the parallel structure helps reduce pumping power requirements.

[0042] In some embodiments, the plurality of battery cells 10 within the first battery pack 20 and the second battery pack 30 are arranged sideways along the thickness direction of the battery cells 10. This sideways arrangement along the thickness direction achieves higher energy density within a limited space. The thickness dimension of the battery cells 10 is typically much smaller than that in the length and width directions, allowing the plurality of battery cells 10 to be compactly arranged within the battery compartment 11. Simultaneously, the sideways arrangement ensures that the explosion-proof valve 103 at one end of the length direction of the battery cell 10 is positioned precisely on the side of the battery compartment 11 with the opening 111, thereby enabling the explosion-proof valve 103 of the battery cell 10 to establish a corresponding connection with the opening 111, thus creating favorable conditions for the thermal management of the battery pack.

[0043] In some embodiments, a beam structure 14 is provided between the first battery pack 20 and the second battery pack 30 to separate and support the two battery packs. Specifically, the beam structure 14 is a crossbeam disposed inside the battery compartment 11. The crossbeam separates the first battery pack 20 and the second battery pack 30. On the one hand, the crossbeam can improve the structural strength of the housing 1. On the other hand, the crossbeam can provide a mounting base for electrical connectors, such as high-voltage wiring harnesses, signal cables, etc.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) is configured to include a battery compartment (11) and two exhaust compartments (12); the battery compartment (11) is located in the middle of the housing (1), and the two exhaust compartments (12) are located on opposite sides of the battery compartment (11); A first battery pack (20) and a second battery pack (30) are arranged at intervals within the battery compartment (11) and each includes multiple battery cells (10). The positive terminal (101) and the negative terminal (102) on the battery cell (10) are located at the same end of the battery cell (10), and the explosion-proof valve (103) on the battery cell (10) is located at the other end of the battery cell (10) away from the terminal. The explosion-proof valve (103) on the battery cell (10) in the first battery pack (20) and the explosion-proof valve (103) on the battery cell (10) in the second battery pack (30) are respectively facing opposite sides of the battery compartment (11). The battery compartment (11) has openings (111) on both sides of the wall corresponding to the explosion-proof valve (103). The exhaust chamber (12) is connected to the battery compartment (11) through the openings (111) and is used to receive and guide the gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve (103).

2. The battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The openings (111) on both sides of the battery compartment (11) are directly opposite to the explosion-proof valves (103) of the battery cell (10) and are equal in number.

3. The battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure relief valve (121) is provided on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber (12).

4. The battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) also includes two liquid cooling chambers (13), which are located on the side of the two exhaust chambers (12) away from the battery compartment (11).

5. The battery pack as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid cooling chamber (13) is a sealed structure, and its interior is filled with a non-flowing cooling medium.

6. The battery pack as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid cooling chamber (13) is provided with an inlet pipe (131) and an outlet pipe (132) for connecting to an external cooling system so that the coolant flows inside the liquid cooling chamber (13).

7. The battery pack as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The two liquid cooling chambers (13) are connected in series by a connecting pipe (L), so that the coolant flows through the two liquid cooling chambers (13) in sequence.

8. The battery pack as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The two liquid cooling chambers (13) are connected in parallel via a connecting pipe (L) so that coolant flows into both liquid cooling chambers (13) simultaneously.

9. The battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple cells (10) in the first battery pack (20) and the second battery pack (30) are arranged sideways along the thickness direction of the cell (10).

10. The battery pack as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A beam structure (14) is provided between the first battery pack (20) and the second battery pack (30) to separate and support the two battery packs.

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