Electronic component short circuit protection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electronic component technical field's electronic component prevents short circuit protection device, including power supply, power supply one end connects the first end of first resistance and second resistance, the first end of first resistance connects the emitter of triode, the second end of second resistance, third resistance and the first end of sixth resistance are connected to the collector of triode, and the base of triode is connected the second end of first resistance and the cathode of diode, the utility model discloses through adopting the connection between diode and the gate and drain of first MOS tube, can prevent 24V power supply reverse connection when current reverse flows into circuit, thereby can play the effect of preventing reverse connection, protects the element and device in circuit, through setting up short circuit protection unit, can when load short circuit, make second MOS tube from the on state become the cut -off state, cut off the passage with power supply, realizes the circuit protection function of overcurrent automatic power -off.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic component technology, specifically a short-circuit protection device for electronic components. Background Technology

[0002] In electronic circuits, small electrical machines and instruments are composed of electronic components. Electronic components include elements and devices. Components are electronic elements such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, while devices are electronic devices such as transistors, diodes, field-effect transistors, and integrated circuits. To ensure the normal operation of the circuit, both electronic components and devices need to avoid short circuits. Therefore, short-circuit protection devices are installed in the circuit. Existing short-circuit protection devices usually use fuses or circuit breakers to protect the line. However, fuses have limited self-short-circuit protection capabilities, while circuit breakers are difficult to integrate due to their large size and cannot be applied to circuits with a certain degree of integration. This results in weak short-circuit protection capabilities in highly integrated circuits. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a short-circuit protection device for electronic components. By setting up a short-circuit detection unit, a reverse connection protection unit, and a short-circuit protection unit composed of components, the short-circuit protection capability of integrated circuits can be enhanced.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A short-circuit protection device for electronic components includes a power supply. One end of the power supply is connected to the first terminals of a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first terminal of the first resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of a transistor Q1. The collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor R2, the first terminals of a third resistor R3 and a sixth resistor R6. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1 and the cathode of a diode D1. The anode of diode D1 is connected to the second terminal of the third resistor R3 and the gate of a first MOSFET N1. The diode D1, through its connection to the gate and drain of the first MOSFET N1, prevents reverse current from flowing into the circuit when the 24V power supply is reverse-connected, thus providing reverse connection protection. In the protection circuit, the source of the first MOSFET N1 is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1 and the first terminal of the reverse connection protection unit. The drain of the first MOSFET N1 is connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7. The second terminals of the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 are grounded. The first terminal of the reverse connection protection unit is connected to the first terminal of the short circuit detection unit. The second terminal of the short circuit detection unit is connected to the first terminal of the short circuit protection unit. The second terminal of the short circuit protection unit is connected to the reverse connection protection unit. The third terminal of the third unit of the short circuit protection unit is connected to the first terminal of the load. The second terminal of the load is grounded. The first terminal of the load is connected to the second terminal of the tenth resistor R10. The first terminal of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the second terminal of the short circuit detection unit.

[0006] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the reverse connection protection unit includes an eighth resistor R8 and a fourth MOS transistor N4. The first end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor N1, the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the gate of the fourth MOS transistor N4, and the drain of the fourth MOS transistor N4 is grounded.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this invention: the short-circuit detection unit includes a fourth resistor R4, a first capacitor C1, a third MOSFET N3, and a fifth resistor R5. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, the source of the first MOSFET N1, and the source of the third MOSFET N3. The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the drain of the third MOSFET N3. The gate of the third MOSFET N3 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5. The first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the source of the third MOSFET N3. The second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the tenth resistor R10. The fourth resistor R4 and the first capacitor C1 form a low-pass filter structure, which can smooth interference in the current. The first capacitor C1 is used to filter out high-frequency noise, and the fourth resistor R4 is used to limit current fluctuations.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the short-circuit protection device also includes an auxiliary power supply VCC, which is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor R1.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the short-circuit protection unit includes a ninth resistor R9, an eleventh resistor R11, and a second MOSFET N2. The first end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the drain of the third MOSFET N3, the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the gate of the second MOSFET N2, the source of the second MOSFET N2 is connected to the second end of the eleventh resistor R11, and the drain of the second MOSFET N2 is connected to the first end of the load.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this invention, the diode D1 is a Schottky diode.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the power supply is a 24V DC power supply, which is used to provide DC voltage input for the short-circuit protection device.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the short-circuit protection unit is used to increase the voltage of the first resistor R1 when the load is short-circuited, so that the second MOS transistor N2 changes from the on state to the off state, cutting off the path with the power supply.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] In this invention, by connecting the gate and drain of the first MOSFET N1 with the diode D1, the reverse current flow into the circuit can be prevented when the 24V power supply is reverse-connected, thus playing a role in preventing reverse connection and protecting the components and devices in the circuit. By setting a short-circuit protection unit, when the load is short-circuited, due to the increase in the loop current, the voltage division of the first resistor as the sampling resistor increases accordingly, causing the second MOSFET to change from the conducting state to the cut-off state, cutting off the path to the power supply, and realizing the circuit protection function of automatic overcurrent power-off. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a module circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Reverse connection protection unit; 2. Short circuit detection unit; 3. Short circuit protection unit. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Example:

[0020] Please see Figures 1-2 In this embodiment of the present invention, an electronic component short-circuit protection device includes a power supply. One end of the power supply is connected to the first end of a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of a transistor Q1. The collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the second end of the second resistor R2, the first end of a third resistor R3 and a sixth resistor R6. The base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1 and the cathode of a diode D1. The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the second end of the third resistor R3 and the gate of a first MOSFET N1. The diode D1, through its connection with the gate and drain of the first MOSFET N1, can prevent current from flowing back into the circuit when the 24V power supply is reverse-connected, thereby providing reverse connection protection and protecting the components and devices in the circuit. The source of the first MOSFET N1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the reverse connection protection unit 1. The drain of the first MOSFET N1 is connected to the first end of a seventh resistor R7. The sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7... The second terminal of the short circuit protection unit 1 is grounded. The first terminal of the reverse connection protection unit 1 is connected to the first terminal of the short circuit detection unit 2. The second terminal of the short circuit detection unit 2 is connected to the first terminal of the short circuit protection unit 3. The short circuit protection unit 3 is used to protect the circuit when the load is short-circuited. Due to the increase in the circuit current, the voltage of the first resistor R1 as the sampling resistor increases accordingly, causing N2 to change from the conducting state to the cut-off state, cutting off the path with the power supply, realizing the function of automatic power-off when the current is too large. The second terminal of the short circuit protection unit 3 is connected to the reverse connection protection unit 1. The reverse connection protection unit 1 includes an eighth resistor R8 and a fourth MOSFET N4. The first terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the source of the first MOSFET N1, and the second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the gate of the fourth MOSFET N4. The drain of the fourth MOSFET N4 is grounded. When the current increases abnormally due to a short circuit in the circuit, the voltage of the eighth resistor R8 increases accordingly, causing the fourth MOSFET N4 to change from the conducting state to the cut-off state, thereby disconnecting the circuit and improving the short circuit protection capability of the short circuit protection device.

[0021] The third terminal of the third unit of the short-circuit protection unit 3 is connected to the first terminal of the load, the second terminal of the load is grounded, the first terminal of the load is connected to the second terminal of the tenth resistor R10, and the first terminal of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the second terminal of the short-circuit detection unit 2.

[0022] Preferably, the short-circuit detection unit 2 includes a fourth resistor R4, a first capacitor C1, a third MOSFET N3, and a fifth resistor R5. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, the source of the first MOSFET N1, and the source of the third MOSFET N3. The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the drain of the third MOSFET N3. The gate of the third MOSFET N3 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5. The first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the source of the third MOSFET N3. The second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the tenth resistor R10. The fourth resistor R4 and the first capacitor C1 form a low-pass filter structure, which can smooth interference in the current. The first capacitor C1 is used to filter out high-frequency noise, the fourth resistor R4 is used to limit current fluctuations, and the third MOSFET N3 is used to detect changes in the voltage and current of the load, which facilitates monitoring the magnitude of the voltage and current of the load and improves the safety of the circuit.

[0023] Preferably, the short-circuit protection device further includes an auxiliary power supply VCC, which is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1. The auxiliary power supply is used to provide a low-voltage power supply to the first MOSFET N1.

[0024] Preferably, the short-circuit protection unit 3 includes a ninth resistor R9, an eleventh resistor R11, and a second MOSFET N2. The first end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the drain of the third MOSFET N3, the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the gate of the second MOSFET N2, the source of the second MOSFET N2 is connected to the second end of the eleventh resistor R11, and the drain of the second MOSFET N2 is connected to the first end of the load.

[0025] Preferably, diode D1 is a Schottky diode. By using a Schottky diode, the energy consumption during circuit conduction can be reduced, and it is suitable for low-voltage circuit systems, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the circuit.

[0026] Preferably, the power supply is a 24V DC power supply, which is used to provide DC voltage input for the short-circuit protection device.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A short-circuit protection device for electronic components, characterized in that, The system includes a power supply, one end of which is connected to the first terminals of a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first terminal of the first resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of a transistor Q1. The collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor R2, the first terminals of a third resistor R3 and a sixth resistor R6. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1 and the cathode of a diode D1. The anode of diode D1 is connected to the second terminal of the third resistor R3 and the gate of a first MOSFET N1. The source of the first MOSFET N1 is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1 and the first terminal of the reverse connection protection unit (1). The drain of tube N1 is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor R7, the second ends of the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 are grounded, the first end of the reverse connection protection unit (1) is connected to the first end of the short circuit detection unit (2), the second end of the short circuit detection unit (2) is connected to the first end of the short circuit protection unit (3), the second end of the short circuit protection unit (3) is connected to the reverse connection protection unit, the third end of the third unit of the short circuit protection unit (3) is connected to the first end of the load, the second end of the load is grounded, the first end of the load is connected to the second end of the tenth resistor R10, and the first end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the second end of the short circuit detection unit (2).

2. The electronic component short-circuit protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse connection protection unit (1) includes an eighth resistor R8 and a fourth MOS transistor N4. The first end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor N1, the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the gate of the fourth MOS transistor N4, and the drain of the fourth MOS transistor N4 is grounded.

3. The electronic component short-circuit protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short-circuit detection unit (2) includes a fourth resistor R4, a first capacitor C1, a third MOSFET N3, and a fifth resistor R5. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, the source of the first MOSFET N1, and the source of the third MOSFET N3. The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the drain of the third MOSFET N3. The gate of the third MOSFET N3 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5. The first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the source of the third MOSFET N3. The second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the tenth resistor R10.

4. The electronic component short-circuit protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short-circuit protection unit (3) includes a ninth resistor R9, an eleventh resistor R11, and a second MOS transistor N2. The first end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the drain of the third MOS transistor N3, the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the gate of the second MOS transistor N2, the source of the second MOS transistor N2 is connected to the second end of the eleventh resistor R11, and the drain of the second MOS transistor N2 is connected to the first end of the load.

5. The electronic component short-circuit protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diode D1 is a Schottky diode.

6. The electronic component short-circuit protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply is a 24V DC power supply.

7. The electronic component short-circuit protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short-circuit protection unit (3) is used to increase the voltage of the first resistor R1 when the load is short-circuited, so that the second MOS transistor N2 changes from the on state to the off state, cutting off the path to the power supply.

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