A multi-battery power supply system and mobile vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multi-cell power supply systems, it is related to battery technical field, especially, it is a kind of multi-cell power supply system and mobile carrier, it includes: battery module, isolation module and control module;Battery module includes several batteries;Isolation module includes several first diode and second diode;The negative pole of each first diode is mutually connected, forms first common end, the positive pole of each first diode is separately connected with the positive pole of each battery;The positive pole of each second diode is mutually connected, forms second common end, the negative pole of each second diode is separately connected with the negative pole of each battery;Control module is connected with first common end and second common end, and it is powered for control module by first common end and second common end, it not only can effectively eliminate the harmful circulation between battery pack, realizes the absolute stability and high reliability of system power supply, also can guarantee isolation at the same time, system detection function is considered, and with low cost, small size Significant advantage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a multi-battery power supply system and a mobile vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of portable electronic devices and power tools, multi-battery power supply systems are increasingly used in emergency power supplies, car jump starters, and other scenarios. Currently, common multi-battery systems on the market (such as 12V / 24V dual-voltage systems) typically employ fixed series or parallel topologies. For example, car jump starters need to switch between 12V (parallel) and 24V (series) modes to meet different load requirements. However, existing technologies have the following inherent drawbacks: 1) Reference ground instability: When the battery pack switches between series and parallel modes, the reference ground (GND) of the system's main control circuit will fluctuate with the topology change, leading to abnormal MCU power supply voltage and even hardware damage. 2) Circulating current problem: In parallel mode, if there is a voltage difference between battery packs, the high-voltage battery will reverse charge the low-voltage battery through a low-impedance path, causing energy loss and reduced battery life. 3) Single point of failure risk: Existing solutions often designate the negative terminal of a certain battery pack as the system reference ground; when that battery pack fails, the entire system will be paralyzed.

[0003] With the development of aviation electrification, aircraft are increasingly demanding higher reliability, flexibility, and energy efficiency from their onboard power supply systems. Multi-battery power supply systems, due to their high energy density and flexible configuration, are gradually becoming the preferred solution for aircraft auxiliary power units (APUs) and emergency power systems. Traditional multi-battery power supply systems typically employ a fixed series-parallel topology. However, in actual flight missions, the voltage and current requirements for power supply vary significantly across different flight phases (such as takeoff, cruise, and emergency situations), making this fixed configuration insufficient to meet dynamic load demands.

[0004] The industry is currently attempting to solve the above problems in two ways, but both have significant limitations: 1) Complete isolation solution: Using transformer or optocoupler isolation can avoid circulating current, but it makes it difficult to detect battery status (such as the inability to monitor series status in real time) and increases system size and cost.

[0005] 2) Fixed reference ground scheme: The lowest number of battery packs in series is used as the reference ground. Although the design is simplified, users must strictly follow the battery connection sequence, and the system reliability is highly dependent on the specific battery pack (if a battery in the battery pack is damaged, the entire system will fail). Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a simple structure that does not affect the power supply technology of the system when batteries are connected in series or in parallel.

[0007] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: According to one aspect of this utility model, a multi-battery power supply system is provided, comprising: a battery module, an isolation module, and a control module; the battery module includes a plurality of batteries; the isolation module includes a plurality of first diodes and second diodes; the negative terminals of each first diode are interconnected to form a first common terminal, and the positive terminals of each first diode are individually connected to the positive terminals of each battery; the positive terminals of each second diode are interconnected to form a second common terminal, and the negative terminals of each second diode are individually connected to the negative terminals of each battery; the control module is connected to the first common terminal and the second common terminal, and power is supplied to the control module through the first common terminal and the second common terminal.

[0008] Specifically, it also includes: output modules; The output module includes several sets of output circuits, each set of output circuits being connected to a corresponding battery.

[0009] More specifically, each output circuit has a corresponding positive output terminal and a negative output terminal; The positive output terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the corresponding battery, and the negative output terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the corresponding battery.

[0010] More specifically, each battery is equipped with a corresponding one-way shut-off device between its negative terminal and negative output terminal. The control module is connected to each unidirectional circuit breaker and is used to control the conduction of each unidirectional circuit breaker.

[0011] More specifically, the unidirectional turn-off includes a first MOSFET and a second MOSFET, the source or drain of the first MOSFET is connected to the drain or source of the second MOSFET, and the turn-off directions of the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET are opposite. The control module is connected to the gates of each of the first and second MOS transistors.

[0012] Another specific component includes a sampling module; The sampling module is connected to both the isolation module and the control module to collect the output voltage of the isolation module.

[0013] More specifically, the sampling module includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor; One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to one end of the second voltage divider resistor; the other end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the first common terminal, and the other end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the second common terminal.

[0014] The above also includes: internal power supply module; The input terminal of the internal power supply module is connected to the first common terminal and the second common terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the control module and the output module respectively to provide operating voltage for the control module and the output module.

[0015] The above also includes switching devices; The input of the switching device includes several connection ports, which are individually connected to each positive and negative output terminal of the output module, and are used to switch the connection relationship between the batteries in the battery module.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a mobile vehicle is provided that is powered by the aforementioned multi-battery power supply system.

[0017] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows: A multi-battery power supply system includes: a battery module, an isolation module, and a control module; the battery module includes several batteries; the isolation module includes several first diodes and second diodes; the positive terminals of each first diode are interconnected to form a first common terminal, and the negative terminals of each first diode are individually connected to the positive terminals of each battery; the negative terminals of each second diode are interconnected to form a second common terminal, and the positive terminals of each second diode are individually connected to the negative terminals of each battery; the control module is connected to the first common terminal and the second common terminal, and is powered through the first common terminal and the second common terminal. This not only effectively eliminates harmful circulating currents between battery packs and achieves absolute stability and high reliability of the system power supply, but also ensures isolation while taking into account the system detection function, and has significant advantages in terms of low cost and small size. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating the electrical principle of a multi-battery power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the isolation module of a multi-battery power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a first schematic diagram of the output module and switching module of a multi-battery power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram of the output module and switching module of a multi-battery power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the isolation module and internal power supply module of a multi-battery power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the sampling module of a multi-battery power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal power supply module of a multi-battery power supply system according to Embodiment 2 of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0021] Example 1 One implementation method of this utility model is a multi-battery power supply system, such as... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it includes: a battery module, an isolation module, an output module, and a control module; The battery module includes two or more batteries. In this embodiment, it includes at least a first battery B1 and a second battery B2.

[0022] The isolation module includes several first diodes (D1, D2) and second diodes (D3, D4); the negative terminals of each first diode (D1, D2) are interconnected to form a first common terminal (common +), and the positive terminals of each first diode (D1, D2) are individually connected to the positive terminals of each battery (B1, B2); the positive terminals of each second diode (D3, D4) are interconnected to form a second common terminal (common -), and the negative terminals of each second diode (D3, D4) are individually connected to the negative terminals of each battery (B1, B2).

[0023] The control module is connected to the first common terminal (common+) and the second common terminal (common-), and is powered through the first common terminal (common+) and the second common terminal (common-).

[0024] The output module includes several sets of output circuits, each set of output circuits being connected to the corresponding battery (B1, B2).

[0025] Specifically, each output circuit has a corresponding positive output terminal (P1+, P2+) and a negative output terminal (P1-, P2-); the positive output terminal (P1+, P2+) is connected to the positive terminal (B1+, B2+) of the corresponding battery, and the negative output terminal (P1-, P2-) is connected to the negative terminal (B1-, B2-) of the corresponding battery.

[0026] More specifically, it also includes a switching device; the input of the switching device includes several connection ports, which are individually connected to each positive output terminal (P1+, P2+) and each negative output terminal of the output module. The switching device is used to switch the connection relationship between the individual batteries in the battery module. By switching the connection method between each positive output terminal (P1+, P2+) and each negative output terminal (P1-, P2-), the individual batteries in the battery module can be in different connection states.

[0027] More specifically, each battery has a corresponding one-way shut-off device between its negative terminal (B1- or B2-) and its corresponding negative output terminal (P1- or P2-); the control module is connected to each one-way shut-off device to control the conduction of each one-way shut-off device.

[0028] More specifically, the input terminal of the internal power supply module is connected to the first common terminal (common +) and the second common terminal (common -), and the output terminal is connected to the control module and the output module respectively to provide operating voltage for the control module and the output module.

[0029] In this embodiment, the unidirectional turn-off includes a first MOSFET (Q1, Q3) and a second MOSFET (Q2, Q4). The source or drain of the first MOSFET (Q1, Q3) is connected to the drain or source of the second MOSFET (Q2, Q4), and the turn-off directions of the first MOSFET (Q1, Q3) and the second MOSFET (Q2, Q4) are opposite. The control module is connected to the gate of each of the first MOSFET (Q1, Q3) and the second MOSFET (Q2, Q4).

[0030] The specific working principle is as follows: State 1: Neither in series nor in parallel (see...) Figure 5 ) Example of when there is no connection between the positive output terminals (P1+, P2+) and the negative output terminals (P1-, P2-): If the voltage of B1+ is 10V, then the voltage of B2+ is 15V; The voltage at the positive terminal B1+ of the first battery flows outward through diode D1, then sequentially through resistor R7, MOSFET Q6, voltage regulator chip U1, and resistor R8 (the system power supply load), and finally returns to the negative terminal B1- of the first battery through diode D3.

[0031] The voltage at the positive terminal B2+ of the second battery flows outward through diode D2, then sequentially through resistor R7, MOSFET Q6, voltage regulator chip U1, and resistor R8 (the system power supply load), and finally returns to the negative terminal B2- of the second battery through diode D4.

[0032] However, since the voltage at the positive terminal B2+ is higher than the voltage at the positive terminal B1+, when the B2+ voltage passes through diode D2, the voltage will split into two paths: one flows to resistor R7, and the other flows to diode D1. Due to the unidirectional isolation characteristic of diodes, the voltage will not flow through diode D1, but it will impede the voltage flowing out from the positive terminal B1+ of the first battery. Therefore, the voltage flowing to resistor R7 will be provided by the positive terminal B2+ of the second battery, until the voltage at the positive terminal B1+ of the first battery is equal to or greater than the voltage at the positive terminal B2+ of the second battery.

[0033] On the other hand, when the voltage at the positive terminal B2+ of the second battery passes through diode D2 and resistor R7 in sequence, it splits into two paths: one goes to MOSFET Q6, and the other passes through capacitor C9, resistor R9, Zener diode ZD1, and then returns to the negative terminal B2- of the second battery via diode D4. Since MOSFET Q6 is an NMOS transistor, it can only conduct when the source (S) is lower than the gate (G). Therefore, the voltage at capacitor C5 is always around 11V, ensuring that the power supply to the voltage regulator chip U1 does not exceed the voltage limit. After passing through the voltage regulator chip U1, the power supply to the control module via +3.3V_MCU remains stable.

[0034] State 2: Parallel (combined) Figure 3 and Figure 5 ) Similar to state 1, when the positive output terminal P1+ is connected to the positive output terminal P2+ and the negative output terminal P1- is connected to the negative output terminal P2-, external parallel connection is achieved. At this time, the voltage of the positive terminal B1+ of the first battery will be equal to the voltage of the positive terminal B2+ of the second battery. At this time, the voltages of the positive terminals B1+ of the first battery and B2+ of the second battery supply power to the resistor R7 and other components through diodes D1 and D2 respectively.

[0035] State 3: Series (combined) Figure 4 and Figure 5 (Taking the negative output terminal P1- connected to the positive output terminal P2+ as an example) At this time, the first MOSFET (Q1, Q3) and the second MOSFET (Q2, Q4) are turned on, which is equivalent to the negative terminal B1- of the first battery being directly connected to the positive terminal B2+ of the second battery. Following the same principle, the voltage at the positive terminal B1+ of the first battery is higher than that at the positive terminal B2+ of the second battery. Therefore, after passing through D1, the voltage at B1+ will hinder the outflow of the voltage at B2+. The voltage flowing to resistor R7 is provided by the positive terminal B1+ of the first battery. After passing through resistor R7, it splits into two paths: one goes to MOSFET Q6, and the other goes through capacitor C9, resistor R9, Zener diode ZD1, and then returns to the negative terminal B2- of the second battery via diode D4. Since MOSFET Q6 is an NMOS transistor, it can only conduct when the source (S) is lower than the gate (G). Therefore, the voltage at capacitor C5 is always around 11V, ensuring that the power supply to voltage regulator chip U1 does not exceed the voltage limit. After passing through voltage regulator chip U1, the power supply to the control module via +3.3V_MCU remains stable.

[0036] Furthermore, a sampling module is included; this module is connected to both the isolation module and the control module, and is used to acquire the output voltage of the isolation module. The sampling module includes a first voltage-dividing resistor R1 and a second voltage-dividing resistor R2; one end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R1 is connected to one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R2; the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R1 is connected to a first common terminal (common +), and the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R2 is connected to a second common terminal (common -). The MCU built into the control module can determine whether the individual batteries in the battery module are in series based on the acquired voltage fed back from the sampling module.

[0037] According to another aspect of this utility model, a mobile vehicle is also provided, which is powered by the aforementioned multi-battery power supply system.

[0038] Example 2 One implementation method of this utility model is a multi-battery power supply system, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the main technical solution of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1. Features not explained in this embodiment are explained using the methods in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is as follows: The internal power supply module can also output two +12V voltages to provide a stable voltage output for the operation of the internal system.

[0039] In summary, this utility model's multi-battery power supply system, through the introduction of an innovative isolation module design, achieves the following significant beneficial effects: 1) Achieved absolute stability and high reliability in system power supply. Through the synergistic effect of the isolation modules (such as diodes D1, D2, D3, D4) and the voltage regulator circuits (such as ZD1, Q6, U1), a stable and reliable power supply voltage (such as +3.3V_MCU) can be generated for the internal main control system (such as the control module) regardless of whether the external battery packs are in an independent, parallel or series working state, and regardless of the voltage differences between the battery packs.

[0040] It completely solves the technical problem of system malfunction, restart, or even hardware damage caused by the floating reference ground (GND) in traditional multi-battery systems.

[0041] 2) Effectively eliminates harmful circulating currents between battery packs The isolation module utilizes the unidirectional conductivity of diodes to physically block unintended charging and discharging circuits between battery packs (such as B1 and B2).

[0042] Even if there is a voltage difference between the battery packs, the high-voltage battery cannot charge the low-voltage battery, thus avoiding energy loss, extending the battery pack's lifespan, and improving the overall system energy efficiency.

[0043] 3) Significantly improved the system's fault tolerance and availability. In this invention, as long as any one of the multiple battery packs remains functional, the main control system can continue to operate stably, preventing the entire system from failing due to the failure or complete discharge of a specific battery pack. This greatly enhances the system's robustness under abnormal conditions, meeting the needs of high-reliability applications such as emergency power supplies.

[0044] 4) While ensuring isolation, system detection functions are also taken into account. Unlike solutions that use transformers for complete isolation, the isolation method employed in this invention does not completely sever the electrical connection between the battery pack and the control module. Through a matching sampling module (such as voltage divider resistors R1 and R2), the main control MCU in the control module can detect the voltage at external terminals in real time, thereby accurately determining the current connection status (whether it is connected in series). This enables intelligent management and functional control, solving the "detection blind spot" problem inherent in completely isolated solutions.

[0045] 5) It has significant advantages in terms of low cost and small size. The core isolation and voltage regulation functions of this invention can be achieved using conventional diodes, MOSFETs, Zener diodes, and DC-DC chips, eliminating the need for expensive and bulky magnetic isolation components. This makes the solution particularly suitable for cost- and size-sensitive consumer and industrial products, such as automotive jump starters and portable devices, and it possesses extremely high commercial and industrial value.

[0046] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-battery power supply system, characterized in that, include: Battery module, isolation module, and control module; The battery module includes several batteries; The isolation module includes a plurality of first diodes and second diodes; the negative terminals of each first diode are interconnected to form a first common terminal, and the positive terminals of each first diode are individually connected to the positive terminals of each battery; the positive terminals of each second diode are interconnected to form a second common terminal, and the negative terminals of each second diode are individually connected to the negative terminals of each battery. The control module is connected to the first common terminal and the second common terminal, and is powered through the first common terminal and the second common terminal.

2. The multi-battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Output module; The output module includes several sets of output circuits, each set of output circuits being connected to a corresponding battery.

3. The multi-battery power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each group of output circuits is equipped with a corresponding positive output terminal and a negative output terminal; The positive output terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the corresponding battery, and the negative output terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the corresponding battery.

4. A multi-battery power supply system according to claim 3 or above, characterized in that: Each of the batteries is also provided with a corresponding one-way shut-off device between the negative terminal and the negative output terminal; The control module is connected to each unidirectional switch and is used to control the conduction of each unidirectional switch.

5. A multi-battery power supply system according to claim 4 or above, characterized in that: The unidirectional turn-off device includes a first MOSFET and a second MOSFET, wherein the source or drain of the first MOSFET is connected to the drain or source of the second MOSFET, and the turn-off directions of the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET are opposite. The control module is connected to the gates of each of the first MOS transistors and the second MOS transistors.

6. A multi-battery power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a sampling module; The sampling module is connected to both the isolation module and the control module, and is used to collect the output voltage of the isolation module.

7. A multi-battery power supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sampling module includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor; One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to one end of the second voltage divider resistor; the other end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the first common terminal, and the other end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the second common terminal.

8. A multi-battery power supply system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Internal power supply module; The input terminal of the internal power supply module is connected to the first common terminal and the second common terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the control module and the output module respectively to provide operating voltage for the control module and the output module.

9. A multi-battery power supply system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, It also includes a switching device; The input terminal of the switching device includes several connection ports, which are individually connected to each positive and negative output terminal of the output module, and are used to switch the connection relationship between the batteries in the battery module.

10. A mobile vehicle, characterized in that, The system is powered by a multi-battery power supply system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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