Battery prefabricated cabin and direct current power distribution system

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a battery prefabricated cabin and a direct current power distribution system, and belongs to the technical field of electric power. The battery prefabricated cabin comprises at least two power supply units and a switching module. Each power supply unit comprises a battery cluster and a pre-charging protection unit. The battery cluster is used for outputting electric energy to the pre-charging protection unit and the switching module, or charging under the action of electric energy transmitted by the pre-charging protection unit. The pre-charging protection unit is used for transmitting electric energy output by the battery cluster to other equipment, or transmitting electric energy output by other equipment to the battery cluster and the switching module. The switching module is used for connecting a target power supply unit with a power load when receiving electric energy output by the battery cluster or the pre-charging protection unit in the target power supply unit, and disconnecting the target power supply unit from the power load when not receiving electric energy output by the battery cluster and the pre-charging protection unit in the target power supply unit. The application can improve the reliability and safety of the battery prefabricated cabin and reduce the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power technology, and to, but is not limited to, a prefabricated battery compartment and a DC power distribution system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of power technology, a large number of electrochemical energy storage devices, namely battery prefabricated modules, have appeared on the market.

[0003] In related technologies, these prefabricated battery compartments typically house battery modules for energy storage, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) for stable AC power supply from external sources, high-voltage boxes, combiner control cabinets, fire protection systems, and security devices. Furthermore, the high-voltage boxes, combiner control cabinets, monitoring hosts in the fire protection system, and explosion-proof fans generally require AC power, while detectors and other equipment in the fire protection system require DC power. Therefore, these prefabricated battery compartments also include corresponding rectifiers, inverters, transformers, and other devices.

[0004] It is evident that the existing technologies suffer from several drawbacks, including the mixing of AC and DC power within the same prefabricated battery compartment, numerous power lines, susceptibility to electromagnetic interference, the need for ample space for external AC power connection, and potential compromises to electrical safety. Therefore, a new solution is urgently needed to address these technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the battery prefabricated compartment and DC power distribution system provided in this application embodiment can avoid the problem of AC / DC mixing in the battery prefabricated compartment, which easily leads to electromagnetic interference, and also eliminates the need to reserve space for a UPS to connect to external AC power, thereby achieving the effects of improving the reliability and safety of the battery prefabricated compartment and reducing costs. The battery prefabricated compartment and DC power distribution system provided in this application embodiment are implemented as follows: A first aspect of this application provides a prefabricated battery compartment, the prefabricated battery compartment comprising: at least two power supply units and a switching module, each power supply unit comprising a battery cluster and a precharge protection unit; Each of the battery clusters is connected to the corresponding precharge protection unit, and each precharge protection unit is connected to the busbar, which is used to connect other devices. Each of the battery clusters and each of the precharge protection units are also connected to the switching module, and the switching module is also used to connect to the electrical load; The battery cluster is used to output electrical energy to the precharge protection unit and the switching module, or to charge under the action of the electrical energy transmitted by the precharge protection unit. The precharge protection unit is used to transmit the electrical energy output by the battery cluster to other devices, or to transmit the electrical energy output by other devices to the battery cluster and the switching module; The switching module is used to connect the target power supply unit to the electrical load when it receives electrical energy from the battery cluster or precharge protection unit in the target power supply unit, and to disconnect the target power supply unit from the electrical load when it does not receive electrical energy from the battery cluster or precharge protection unit in the target power supply unit; the target power supply unit is any one of the at least two power supply units.

[0006] Optionally, the switching module includes: a power switching unit and at least two voltage conversion units; The input terminal of each voltage conversion unit is connected to the corresponding battery cluster and the precharge protection unit, and the output terminal of each voltage conversion unit is connected to the power switching unit. The power switching unit is also used to connect to the electrical load. The voltage conversion unit is used to reduce the voltage output from the battery cluster or the precharge protection unit to the power switching unit; The power switching unit is used to connect the target power supply unit to the electrical load when the voltage conversion unit corresponding to the target power supply unit outputs electrical energy to the power switching unit, and to disconnect the target power supply unit from the electrical load when the voltage conversion unit corresponding to the target power supply unit does not output electrical energy to the power switching unit.

[0007] Optionally, the at least two power supply units include M power supply units, and the switching module includes M voltage conversion units and the power switching unit, wherein M is greater than or equal to 2; The first end of the battery cluster in the kth power supply unit is connected to the first end of the precharge protection unit and the first input end of the voltage conversion unit in the kth power supply unit, respectively; the second end of the battery cluster in the kth power supply unit is connected to the second end of the precharge protection unit and the second input end of the voltage conversion unit in the kth power supply unit, respectively. The third and fourth terminals of the pre-charge protection unit in the kth power supply unit are respectively connected to the busbar; The first and second output terminals of the kth voltage conversion unit are respectively connected to the input terminal of the power switching unit, and the output terminal of the power switching unit is used to connect to the electrical load. Wherein, k is less than or equal to M.

[0008] Optionally, the power switching unit includes M relays; The kth voltage conversion unit is used to reduce the voltage of the electrical energy output from the battery cluster or precharge protection unit in the kth power supply unit to the kth voltage conversion unit, and output the reduced electrical energy to the power switching unit. When the kth voltage conversion unit outputs electrical energy to the kth relay, the kth relay is activated, causing the kth power supply unit to be connected to the electrical load through the kth relay; When the kth voltage conversion unit does not output power to the kth relay, the kth relay is activated, causing the kth power supply unit to disconnect from the electrical load through the kth relay.

[0009] Optionally, the battery prefabricated compartment also includes a power conversion system (PCS). The PCS is connected to each of the precharge protection units via the busbar; The PCS is used to output electrical energy to the precharge protection unit to transmit electrical energy to the battery cluster and the switching module; or, to output the electrical energy output by the battery cluster through the precharge protection unit to an external device.

[0010] Optionally, the battery prefabrication compartment further includes a temperature control device; The temperature control device is connected to each of the precharge protection units and the PCS via the busbar; The temperature control device is powered by the PCS or by each of the battery clusters; the temperature control device is used to control the temperature of each battery cluster within a preset temperature range when it is powered on.

[0011] Optionally, the battery prefabricated compartment further includes a load protection unit; Each first terminal of the load protection unit is connected to the switching module, and each second terminal of the load protection unit is connected to the electrical load. The load protection unit is configured to disconnect when the current flowing through it is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold.

[0012] Optionally, the battery prefabrication compartment further includes a first power supply protection unit; The first power supply protection unit is connected between each of the precharge protection units and the switching module; The first power supply protection unit is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the first power supply protection unit is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.

[0013] Optionally, the precharge protection unit includes at least a circuit breaker, a precharge resistor, a first contactor, and a second contactor; The first end of the first auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker is connected to the busbar, the second end of the first auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker is connected to the first end of the pre-charge resistor and the first end of the first normally open contact of the first contactor, the second end of the pre-charge resistor is connected to the first end of the normally open contact of the second contactor, and the second end of the normally open contact of the second contactor is connected to the second end of the first normally open contact of the first contactor, the first end of the battery cluster, and the switching module. The first end of the second auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker is connected to the busbar, the second end of the second auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker is connected to the first end of the second normally open contact of the first contactor, and the second end of the second normally open contact of the first contactor is connected to the second end of the battery cluster and the switching module, respectively.

[0014] Another aspect of the embodiments of this application also provides a DC power distribution system, which includes at least any of the battery prefabricated compartments provided in the first aspect above.

[0015] The battery prefabricated compartment and DC power distribution system provided in this application embodiment are equipped with at least two power supply units and a switching module within the power supply prefabricated compartment. Each power supply unit includes a battery cluster and a precharge protection unit. Each battery cluster is connected to its corresponding precharge protection unit, and each precharge protection unit is connected to a busbar for connecting other devices. Each battery cluster and each precharge protection unit are also connected to the switching module, which is used to connect electrical loads. The battery cluster is used to output electrical energy to the precharge protection unit and the switching module, or to charge under the action of electrical energy transmitted by the precharge protection unit. The precharge protection unit is used to transmit the electrical energy output by the battery cluster to other devices, or to transmit electrical energy output by other devices to the battery cluster and the switching module. The switching module is used to connect the target power supply unit to the electrical load when the battery cluster or precharge protection unit in the target power supply unit outputs power to the switching module, and to disconnect the target power supply unit from the electrical load when neither the battery cluster nor the precharge protection unit in the target power supply unit outputs power to the switching module. The target power supply unit can be any one of at least two power supply units.

[0016] As can be seen, the prefabricated battery compartment provided in this embodiment does not require a UPS or similar device to introduce external AC power. That is, the prefabricated battery compartment eliminates the need for a UPS, backup batteries connected to the UPS, external AC power supplies, connecting lines (cables), interfaces, and input / output switches, thus reducing installation and maintenance workload. Furthermore, the prefabricated battery compartment provided in this embodiment only contains DC power output from each battery cluster or DC power transmitted by other devices (such as PCS) through a pre-charge protection unit. The devices within the prefabricated battery compartment do not require AC power. Therefore, the prefabricated battery compartment can also eliminate the need for DC-to-AC inverters (such as DC-AC converters) and transformers to change the voltage level of AC power, thus avoiding unnecessary redundancy caused by non-standard customization for AC power. This not only reduces the material and labor costs of the prefabricated battery compartment but also reduces power conversion losses and improves power supply efficiency because it eliminates the need to convert DC to AC power.

[0017] In this way, the problem of mixed AC and DC power supply in the battery prefabrication compartment, which can easily lead to electromagnetic interference, can be avoided. There is also no need to reserve space for a UPS to connect to external AC power, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the battery prefabrication compartment and reducing costs, so as to at least partially solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of battery prefabricated compartment provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of prefabricated battery compartment provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third type of battery prefabricated compartment provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth type of battery prefabricated compartment provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fifth type of prefabricated battery compartment provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sixth type of battery prefabricated compartment provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the specific technical solutions of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0022] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "first, second, third" used in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish similar or different objects and do not represent a specific order of objects. It can be understood that "first, second, third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0024] Because the energy we need is highly time- and space-dependent, in order to utilize energy rationally and improve energy efficiency, it is necessary to store one form of energy in the same way or by converting it into another, and then release it in a specific energy form for future applications. Currently, the main way to generate green electricity is to develop green energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power to replace fossil fuels. Currently, the generation of green electricity generally relies on solar, wind, and hydropower. However, wind and solar power are generally characterized by strong intermittency and large fluctuations, which can cause grid instability, insufficient power during peak demand periods, and excessive power during off-peak periods. Unstable voltage can also damage the power grid. Therefore, insufficient electricity demand or insufficient grid capacity may lead to the problem of "wind and solar curtailment." Solving these problems requires energy storage. This involves converting electrical energy into other forms of energy through physical or chemical means and storing it. When needed, this energy can be converted back into electrical energy and released. Simply put, energy storage is like a large "power bank," storing electrical energy when solar and wind power are abundant and releasing the stored electricity when needed.

[0025] Taking electrochemical energy storage as an example, this solution provides an energy storage device 440, which is applied to an energy storage system 400. The energy storage device 440 is equipped with at least one set of chemical batteries. It mainly uses the chemical elements in the batteries as energy storage medium. The charging and discharging process is accompanied by the chemical reaction or change of the energy storage medium. Simply put, the electrical energy generated by wind and solar energy is stored in the chemical batteries. When the use of external electrical energy reaches its peak, the stored electrical energy is released for use, or transferred to places with a shortage of electricity for use.

[0026] Current energy storage applications are quite widespread, including generation-side energy storage, grid-side energy storage, and consumption-side energy storage. The corresponding types of energy storage devices 440 include: (1) Large-scale energy storage power stations applied to wind power and photovoltaic power stations can help renewable energy power generation meet grid connection requirements and improve the utilization rate of renewable energy. As a high-quality active / reactive power regulation power source on the power supply side, energy storage power stations can achieve load matching of power in time and space, enhance the absorption capacity of renewable energy, reduce instantaneous power changes, reduce the impact on the power grid, improve the absorption of new energy power generation, and are of great significance in power grid system backup, alleviating peak load power supply pressure and peak regulation and frequency regulation.

[0027] (2) Energy storage containers applied on the grid side mainly function as peak shaving, frequency regulation and grid congestion relief. In terms of peak shaving, they can realize peak shaving and valley filling of electricity load, that is, charging the energy storage battery when the electricity load is low and releasing the stored electricity during the peak electricity load period, thereby achieving a balance between power production and consumption.

[0028] (3) Small energy storage cabinets applied to the electricity consumption side mainly function as self-consumption of electricity, peak-valley price arbitrage, capacity cost management, and improvement of power supply reliability. Depending on the application scenario, electricity consumption side energy storage can be divided into industrial and commercial energy storage cabinets, household energy storage devices 440, energy storage charging piles, etc., which are generally used in conjunction with distributed photovoltaics. Industrial and commercial users can use energy storage for peak-valley price arbitrage and capacity cost management. In the electricity market implementing peak-valley pricing, by charging the energy storage system 400 when the electricity price is low and discharging the energy storage system 400 when the electricity price is high, peak-valley price arbitrage can be achieved, reducing electricity costs. In addition, industrial enterprises subject to two-part tariffs can use the energy storage system 400 to store energy during the low electricity consumption period and discharge during the peak load period, thereby reducing peak power and the maximum demand declared, and achieving the goal of reducing capacity electricity costs. Household photovoltaics with energy storage can improve the level of self-consumption of electricity. Due to high electricity prices and poor power supply stability, the demand for household photovoltaic installations is driven. Given that photovoltaic power generation occurs during the day, while user load is generally higher at night, configuring energy storage can better utilize photovoltaic power, improve self-consumption levels, and reduce electricity costs. Furthermore, energy storage is needed in areas such as communication base stations and data centers for backup power.

[0029] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system 400 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 This application Figure 1 The embodiments are illustrated using a home energy storage scenario in user-side energy storage as an example. The energy storage device 440 of this application is not limited to the home energy storage scenario.

[0030] This application provides an energy storage system 400, which includes a first power conversion device 410 (photovoltaic panel), a first user load 420 (household lighting fixture), a second user load 430 (e.g., household appliances such as air conditioners), and an energy storage device 440. The energy storage device 440 is a small energy storage box that can be wall-mounted on an outdoor wall. However, the energy storage device 440 is not limited to wall mounting and can also be placed in a user's residence in other ways. Specifically, the photovoltaic panel can convert solar energy into electrical energy during periods of low electricity prices, and the energy storage device 440 stores this electrical energy and supplies it to lighting fixtures and household appliances during peak electricity prices, or provides power during power outages / power interruptions.

[0031] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system 400 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 And this application Figure 2 The embodiments are illustrated using a shared energy storage scenario on the generation / distribution side as an example. The energy storage device 440 of this application is not limited to the energy storage scenario on the generation / distribution side.

[0032] This application provides an energy storage system 400, which includes: a high-voltage cable 450, a first power conversion device 410, a second power conversion device 460, and an energy storage device 440 provided in this application. In some embodiments of the power generation scenario, the second power conversion device 460 can be a wind power conversion device. Since the electricity generated by wind power conversion is volatile, random, and intermittent, the unstable electricity output by the wind power conversion device can be stored in the energy storage device 440 through grid connection. The energy storage device 440 is connected to the high-voltage cable and outputs smooth electricity to the power consumption side of the distribution network, realizing peak shaving and frequency regulation, and stable grid operation; or, wind power... The conversion device is always connected to the high-voltage cable. Under normal power generation conditions, the power output of the wind power conversion device is supplied to the power consumption side of the distribution network through the high-voltage cable. When the current power load is low and the wind power conversion device generates excess power, the excess power is first stored in the energy storage device 440 to reduce wind and solar curtailment rates and improve the problem of new energy power generation consumption. When the power load is high, the power grid issues an instruction to transmit the power stored in the energy storage device 440 together with the high-voltage cable 450 in grid-connected mode to supply power to the power consumption side. This provides the power grid with various services such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, and backup, giving full play to the peak shaving role of the power grid, promoting peak shaving and valley filling, and alleviating the power supply pressure of the power grid.

[0033] In some embodiments on the distribution network side, the first power conversion device 410 can be a photovoltaic power conversion device, and the energy storage device 440 is connected to the high-voltage cable 450 and installed downstream of the high-voltage cable 450 and between the user load. The power output of the photovoltaic power conversion device is stored in the energy storage device 440, which can respond in a timely manner to act as a backup power source when the power grid / distribution network fails; or, it can provide power supply support to alleviate line congestion when the high-voltage cable 450 transmission line is blocked, and to delay the economic pressure caused by the expansion of the power grid / distribution capacity when the power grid is planned to be expanded.

[0034] Optionally, the first power conversion device 410 may include, but is not limited to, a wind power conversion device, and the second power conversion device 460 may include, but is not limited to, a photovoltaic power conversion device. The first power conversion device 410 and the second power conversion device 460 can convert at least one of solar energy, light energy, wind energy, thermal energy, tidal energy, biomass energy, and mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0035] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system 400 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 And this application Figure 3 The embodiments are illustrated using an industrial and commercial energy storage scenario as an example. The energy storage device 440 of this application is not limited to its power generation / distribution side energy storage scenario.

[0036] This application provides an energy storage system 400, which includes: an energy storage cabinet 470, a high-voltage cable 450, a factory equipped with a first power conversion device 410, a photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station 480 equipped with a second power conversion device 460, and a vehicle 490. In some embodiments of industrial and commercial scenarios, the first power conversion device 410 can be a photovoltaic panel, which converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage cabinet 470 of the factory. In the event of a power grid failure, the energy storage cabinet 470 provides power to ensure the safe and stable operation of the factory without interruption. Alternatively, when the factory's power load is high, the power grid issues an instruction to transmit the electricity stored in the energy storage cabinet 470 in conjunction with the high-voltage cable 450 in a grid-connected mode to supply the factory with electricity, providing various services such as peak shaving / frequency regulation and backup for the power grid operation. In addition, the second power conversion device 460 can also be a photovoltaic panel, which converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage cabinet 470 of the photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station 480, directly charging the vehicle 490 through the photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station 480, which is fast and convenient.

[0037] Optionally, the first power conversion device 410 and the second power conversion device 460 may include, but are not limited to, photovoltaic power conversion devices. The first power conversion device 410 can convert at least one of solar energy, light energy, wind energy, thermal energy, tidal energy, biomass energy, and mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0038] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet 470 may include, but is not limited to, energy storage application scenarios such as energy storage power stations, hydropower / thermal / wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, smart home systems, or temporary power supply systems, and is also used in multiple fields such as data centers, military equipment, aerospace, charging piles, and electric vehicles.

[0039] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet 470 may include, but is not limited to, individual batteries, or battery modules, battery packs, battery clusters, power banks, energy storage cabinets / containers, and other integrated battery systems composed of individual batteries. The actual application form of the energy storage cabinet 470 provided in this application embodiment can be, but is not limited to, the listed products, and can also be other application forms. This application embodiment does not strictly limit the application form of the energy storage cabinet 470. This application embodiment only uses a multi-cell battery in the energy storage cabinet 470 as an example for illustration.

[0040] Optionally, the individual battery 200 constituting the energy storage cabinet 470 can be, but is not limited to, at least one of cylindrical, square, prismatic, or other shaped batteries.

[0041] Optionally, the energy storage device 440 may include, but is not limited to, energy storage applications such as energy storage power stations, hydropower / thermal / wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, smart home systems, or temporary power supply systems, and may also be applied in multiple fields such as data centers, military equipment, aerospace, charging piles, and electric vehicles.

[0042] Optionally, the energy storage device 440 may include, but is not limited to, a single battery cell, or a battery module, battery pack, battery cluster, power bank, energy storage cabinet / container, or other battery integrated system composed of single batteries. The actual application form of the energy storage device 440 provided in this application embodiment may be, but is not limited to, the listed products, and may also be other application forms. This application embodiment does not strictly limit the application form of the energy storage device 440. This application embodiment only uses a multi-cell battery as an example for illustration.

[0043] Optionally, when the energy storage device 440 is a single battery, the energy storage device 440 can be, but is not limited to, at least one of cylindrical, square, prismatic, or other shaped batteries.

[0044] Optionally, the single battery cell can be a rechargeable battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after discharge to activate the active materials and continue to be used. The battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and this application does not specifically limit it.

[0045] In related technologies, these prefabricated battery compartments typically house battery modules for energy storage, UPS systems for stable AC power supply from external sources, high-voltage boxes, combiner control cabinets, fire protection systems, and security devices. Furthermore, the high-voltage boxes, combiner control cabinets, monitoring hosts in the fire protection system, and explosion-proof fans generally require AC power, while detectors and other equipment in the fire protection system require DC power. Therefore, these prefabricated battery compartments also include corresponding rectifiers, inverters, transformers, and other devices.

[0046] However, the existing technologies suffer from problems such as mixed AC and DC power supply within the same prefabricated battery compartment, numerous power lines, susceptibility to electromagnetic interference, the need for ample space for external AC power connection, and potential compromises to electrical safety. Therefore, a new solution is urgently needed to address these technical issues.

[0047] To address this, embodiments of this application provide a prefabricated battery compartment and a DC power distribution system. At least two power supply units and a switching module are installed within the prefabricated power supply compartment. Each power supply unit includes a battery cluster and a precharge protection unit. Each battery cluster is connected to its corresponding precharge protection unit, and each precharge protection unit is connected to a busbar used to connect other devices. Each battery cluster and each precharge protection unit are also connected to the switching module, which is used to connect electrical loads. The battery cluster is used to output power to the pre-charge protection unit and the switching module, or to charge under the action of power transmitted by the pre-charge protection unit. The pre-charge protection unit is used to transmit the power output by the battery cluster to other devices, or to transmit the power output by other devices to the battery cluster and the switching module. The switching module is used to connect the target power supply unit to the electrical load when the battery cluster or the pre-charge protection unit in the target power supply unit outputs power to the switching module, and to disconnect the target power supply unit from the electrical load when neither the battery cluster nor the pre-charge protection unit in the target power supply unit outputs power to the switching module. The target power supply unit can be any one of at least two power supply units. In this way, the problem of AC / DC mixing in the battery prefabrication compartment, which is prone to electromagnetic interference, can be avoided, and there is no need to reserve space for a UPS to connect to external AC power, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the battery prefabrication compartment and reducing costs.

[0048] This application uses a prefabricated battery compartment in a DC power distribution system as an example for illustration. However, it does not imply that the prefabricated battery compartment provided in this application can only be applied to DC power distribution systems. That is, this application uses an energy storage scenario in a power generation / distribution system as an example for illustration, but the prefabricated battery compartment in this application is not limited to an energy storage prefabricated compartment in a power generation / distribution energy storage scenario.

[0049] It is worth noting that, for ease of explanation, the accompanying drawings provided in this application embodiment illustrate an example with two power supply units within the battery prefabricated compartment, but this does not imply that the battery prefabricated compartment provided in this application embodiment can only include two power supply units. In practical applications, the battery prefabricated compartment may also include three, four, or more power supply units, and adjustments can be made according to actual needs. This application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0050] The battery prefabricated compartment provided in the embodiments of this application will be explained in detail below.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated battery compartment provided in this application. This prefabricated battery compartment can be applied to any possible DC power distribution system. See also... Figure 4This application provides a battery prefabricated compartment, which includes at least two power supply units 101 and a switching module 102. Each power supply unit 101 includes a battery cluster 1011 and a precharge protection unit 1012.

[0052] Each battery cluster 1011 is connected to the corresponding precharge protection unit 1012, and each precharge protection unit 1012 is connected to the busbar P, which is used to connect other devices.

[0053] Each battery cluster 1011 and each precharge protection unit 1012 are also connected to the switching module 102, which is also used to connect to the electrical load.

[0054] In this embodiment, the battery cluster 1011 is used to output electrical energy to the precharge protection unit 1012 and the switching module 102, or to charge under the action of the electrical energy transmitted by the precharge protection unit 1012.

[0055] The precharge protection unit 1012 is used to transmit the electrical energy output by the battery cluster 1011 to other devices, or to transmit the electrical energy output by other devices to the battery cluster 1011 and the switching module 102.

[0056] The switching module 102 is used to connect the target power supply unit to the electrical load when it receives electrical energy output from the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012 in the target power supply unit, and to disconnect the target power supply unit from the electrical load when it does not receive electrical energy output from the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012 in the target power supply unit.

[0057] Optionally, the target power supply unit is any one of at least two power supply units 101.

[0058] Optionally, the battery cluster 1011 can refer to a battery pack (PACK) consisting of at least a plurality of batteries connected in series. Furthermore, the battery cluster 1011 may also include protective components for protecting the batteries, such as fuses. Additionally, the voltage of the battery cluster 1011 can be relatively high, for example, 800V, 1500V, or any other possible voltage level.

[0059] In this embodiment, since the output voltage of the battery cluster 1011 is relatively high, directly connecting the battery cluster 1011 to other devices via the busbar P could potentially cause an inrush current of up to several thousand amperes to be generated at power-on. Therefore, the precharge protection unit 1012 can also be used to limit the inrush current at power-on to protect the components in the battery prefabrication compartment from damage. Moreover, the precharge protection unit 1012 can be controlled by a battery management system (BMS) connected to the battery prefabrication compartment or by a BMS located inside the battery prefabrication compartment. This embodiment does not limit this aspect.

[0060] In this embodiment, the pre-charge protection unit 1012 can be activated when the battery cluster needs to exchange energy with other devices, thereby transmitting the electrical energy output by the battery cluster 1011 to other devices, or transmitting the electrical energy output by other devices to the battery cluster 1011 and the switching module 102. For example, any pre-charge protection unit 1012 can be activated when an external power source is needed to charge the battery cluster 1011 corresponding to this pre-charge protection unit 1012, or when the battery cluster 1011 corresponding to this pre-charge protection unit 1012 needs to output electrical energy to an external device. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0061] Generally, the precharge protection unit 1012 can include at least a precharge resistor and a corresponding controllable switch. For example, when the battery cluster 1011 needs to exchange energy with other devices, the corresponding controllable switch can be controlled first to allow current to flow through the precharge resistor. At this time, the main circuit of the precharge protection unit 1012 is disconnected and the current flowing through the precharge resistor is small. Then, after a period of time or when the triggering condition is met, the corresponding controllable switch can be controlled to make the main circuit of the precharge protection unit 1012 conduct, thereby allowing current to flow through the main circuit of the precharge protection unit 1012 to achieve the purpose of normal power transmission.

[0062] Optionally, the other device may be an electrical load (such as a device for cooling each battery cluster 1011) connected to the precharge protection unit 1012 via the busbar P. Alternatively, the other device may be a PCS connected to the precharge protection unit 1012 via the busbar P. The PCS typically only outputs DC power to the busbar P and the precharge protection unit 1012. This application does not limit the scope of the embodiments in this regard.

[0063] Under normal circumstances, the electrical energy output by each battery cluster 1011 and other devices is direct current (DC). In other words, when no external device supplies power to the battery prefabrication compartment, the electrical energy supplied inside the battery prefabrication compartment is DC.

[0064] Optionally, the switching module 102 can be any module capable of switching the connection relationship between each power supply unit 101 and the electrical load. Generally, the switching module 102 may include multiple controllable switches (such as normally closed or normally open contacts of a contactor). By controlling the opening or closing of these controllable switches, each power supply unit 101 can be connected to or disconnected from the electrical load. In practical applications, the specific structure of the switching module 102 can be adaptively adjusted according to the number of power supply units 101; for example, if there are two power supply units 101, two relays can be set in the switching module 102; if there are three power supply units 101, three relays can be set in the switching module 102. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0065] In this embodiment, the electrical load may include one or more electrical appliances. For example, the electrical load may include monitoring devices, fire protection devices (including smoke and heat combined fire detection devices, combustible gas detectors, combustible gas detectors, independent smoke detectors, independent heat detectors, explosion-proof fans, electric louvers, etc.), environmental control devices, and any other possible electrical appliances. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0066] It is worth noting that, in order to better illustrate the battery prefabricated compartment provided in the embodiments of this application, Figure 4 Taking the battery prefabricated compartment shown, which includes two power supply units 101, as an example, the working principle of the battery prefabricated compartment will be briefly introduced below: Suppose that at a certain moment, both battery clusters 1011 in the two power supply units 101 in the battery prefabrication compartment need to supply power to the electrical load. Then, the battery clusters 1011 in the two power supply units 101 will output power to the switching module 102 respectively. When the switching module 102 receives the power output from the battery clusters 1011, the switching module 102 will connect the two power supply units 101 to the electrical load respectively.

[0067] Furthermore, if the battery clusters 1011 in these two power supply units 101 are supplying power to the electrical load while the battery clusters 1011 in these two power supply units 101 do not need to supply power to other devices through the busbar P, then the precharge protection units 1012 in these two power supply units 101 will be turned off; if the battery clusters 1011 in these two power supply units 101 are supplying power to the electrical load while the battery clusters 1011 in these two power supply units 101 also need to supply power to other devices through the busbar P, then the precharge protection units 1012 in these two power supply units 101 will be turned on, so as to transmit the electrical energy output by the battery clusters 1011 in these two power supply units 101 to other devices through the busbar P respectively.

[0068] Suppose that at a certain moment, other devices need to supply power to the electrical load and the corresponding battery cluster 1011 through the busbar P and the precharge protection units 1012 in the two power supply units 101 in the battery prefabrication compartment. Then, the precharge protection units 1012 in the two power supply units 101 will be turned on to transfer the power output by the other devices to the battery cluster 1011 and the switching module 102. When the switching module 102 receives the power output by the precharge protection units 1012, the switching module 102 will connect the two power supply units 101 to the electrical load respectively, and at the same time, the precharge protection units 1012 in the two power supply units 101 will charge the battery cluster 1011 in the two power supply units 101.

[0069] Assume that at a certain moment, there is only one power supply unit 101 in the battery prefabrication compartment (e.g., located in...). Figure 4 The battery cluster 1011 or precharge protection unit 1012 in the power supply unit 101 on the left needs to supply power to the electrical load, while another power supply unit 101 (e.g., located in...) Figure 4 The power supply unit 101 on the right does not supply power to the electrical load, therefore, the power supply unit located on the right does not supply power to the electrical load. Figure 4 The power supply unit 101 on the left will output power to the switching module 102, while the one located on the left will output power to the switching module 102. Figure 4 The power supply unit 101 on the right does not output power to the switching module 102; in this case, the switching module 102 will only receive power from the power supply unit located on the right. Figure 4 The power supply unit 101 on the left outputs electrical energy, but does not receive power from the power supply unit located on the right. Figure 4 The power output from the power supply unit 101 on the right side will be switched by the switching module 102 to the location located on the right side. Figure 4 The power supply unit 101 on the left is connected to the electrical load, so that the unit located on the left is connected to the electrical load. Figure 4 The power supply unit 101 on the right is disconnected from the electrical load.

[0070] It should be understood that the above examples are merely listing a few possible scenarios and do not represent that the battery prefabricated compartment provided in this application embodiment will only operate according to the listed scenarios. In practical applications, it is also possible that one battery cluster 1011 in the two power supply units 101 supplies power to the electrical load while the other power supply unit 101 does not supply power. It is also possible that one battery cluster 1011 in the two power supply units 101 supplies power to the electrical load while the pre-charge protection unit 1012 in the other power supply unit 101 outputs power from other devices to the electrical load. Specific adjustments can be made according to actual needs, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0071] It is worth noting that the connection relationships of the components in the battery prefabrication compartment provided by the embodiments of this application, the descriptions in the above embodiments, and... Figure 4 As can be seen from the structure of the prefabricated battery compartment shown, the prefabricated battery compartment provided in this application embodiment does not require the installation of devices such as UPS to introduce external AC power. That is, the prefabricated battery compartment eliminates the UPS, as well as the backup battery connected to the UPS, external AC power supply, connecting lines (cables), interfaces, and input / output switches, thus reducing the workload of installation and maintenance. Moreover, the prefabricated battery compartment provided in this application embodiment only contains DC power output from each battery cluster 1011 or DC power transmitted by other devices (such as PCS) through the precharge protection unit 1012. The various devices in the prefabricated battery compartment do not need to use AC power. Therefore, the prefabricated battery compartment can also eliminate DC-to-AC inverter equipment (such as DC-AC) and transformers that change the voltage level of AC power, thus eliminating the need for unnecessary non-standard customization and redundancy caused by AC power.

[0072] This not only reduces the material and labor costs of the prefabricated battery compartment, but also reduces power conversion losses and improves power supply efficiency and safety because it eliminates the need to convert DC to AC.

[0073] In this embodiment, at least two power supply units 101 and a switching module 102 are provided in the power prefabrication compartment. Each power supply unit 101 includes a battery cluster 1011 and a precharge protection unit 1012. Each battery cluster 1011 is connected to its corresponding precharge protection unit 1012, and each precharge protection unit 1012 is connected to a busbar P, which is used to connect other devices. Each battery cluster 1011 and each precharge protection unit 1012 are also connected to the switching module 102, which is used to connect electrical loads. The battery cluster 1011 outputs electrical energy to the precharge protection unit 1012 and the switching module 102, or charges under the action of the electrical energy transmitted by the precharge protection unit 1012. The precharge protection unit 1012 transmits the electrical energy output by the battery cluster 1011 to other devices, or transmits the electrical energy output by other devices to the battery cluster 1011 and the switching module 102. The switching module 102 is used to connect the target power supply unit to the electrical load when the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012 in the target power supply unit outputs power to the switching module 102, and to disconnect the target power supply unit from the electrical load when neither the battery cluster 1011 nor the precharge protection unit 1012 in the target power supply unit outputs power to the switching module 102. The target power supply unit is any one of at least two power supply units 101.

[0074] As can be seen from the description of the above embodiments, the prefabricated battery compartment provided in this application does not require the installation of devices such as UPS to introduce external AC power. That is, the prefabricated battery compartment eliminates the UPS, as well as the backup battery connected to the UPS, external AC power supply, connecting lines (cables), interfaces, and input / output switches, thus reducing the workload of installation and maintenance. Moreover, the prefabricated battery compartment provided in this application only contains DC power output from each battery cluster 1011 or DC power transmitted by other devices (such as PCS) through the precharge protection unit 1012. The devices in the prefabricated battery compartment do not need to use AC power. Therefore, the prefabricated battery compartment can also eliminate DC-to-AC inverter equipment (such as DC-AC) and transformers that change the voltage level of AC power, thus eliminating the need for unnecessary non-standard customization for AC power and the resulting redundancy. In this way, not only can the material cost and labor cost of the prefabricated battery compartment be reduced, but also, because DC power does not need to be converted to AC power, the power supply conversion loss can be reduced, and the power supply efficiency and safety can be improved.

[0075] In this way, the problem of mixed AC and DC power supply in the prefabricated battery compartment, which can easily lead to electromagnetic interference, can be avoided. There is also no need to reserve space for a UPS to connect to external AC power, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the prefabricated battery compartment and reducing costs.

[0076] In one possible implementation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 The precharge protection unit 1012 includes at least a circuit breaker QF1, a precharge resistor R1, a first contactor KM1, and a second contactor KM2.

[0077] The first end of the first auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker QF is connected to the busbar P. The second end of the first auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker QF is connected to the first end of the pre-charge resistor R1 and the first end of the first normally open contact of the first contactor KM1. The second end of the pre-charge resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the normally open contact of the second contactor KM2. The second end of the normally open contact of the second contactor KM2 is connected to the second end of the first normally open contact of the first contactor KM1, the first end of the battery cluster 1011, and the switching module 102.

[0078] The first end of the second auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker QF is connected to the busbar P, the second end of the second auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker QF is connected to the first end of the second normally open contact of the first contactor KM1, and the second end of the second normally open contact of the first contactor KM1 is connected to the second end of the battery cluster 1011 and the switching module 102 respectively.

[0079] Optionally, a circuit breaker QF refers to a switching device capable of closing, carrying, and interrupting current under normal circuit conditions, and capable of closing, carrying, and interrupting current under abnormal circuit conditions within a specified time. A circuit breaker QF may include several normally open auxiliary contacts, several normally closed auxiliary contacts, and corresponding closing electromagnets (coils used to control the operation of each auxiliary contact).

[0080] In this embodiment, the first auxiliary contact and the second auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker QF can be normally open auxiliary contacts or normally closed auxiliary contacts. In actual application, they can be adjusted according to actual needs. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0081] Normally, when circuit breaker QF is in the closed state, its normally closed auxiliary contact is open, while its normally open auxiliary contact is closed. When circuit breaker QF trips, its normally closed auxiliary contact closes, and its normally open auxiliary contact opens. This allows control of circuit breaker QF to close its first and second auxiliary contacts when battery cluster 1011 needs to exchange energy with other devices (such as PFC), and to open its first and second auxiliary contacts when battery cluster 1011 does not need to exchange energy with other devices.

[0082] Optionally, the pre-charge resistor R1 is generally large and can be used to limit the current flow to control the voltage rise rate of the circuit, thereby limiting the surge current at the moment of power-on and protecting the components in the battery prefabrication compartment from damage.

[0083] Optionally, the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 refer to switching devices that can use the current flowing through the coil to generate a magnetic field, causing the contacts to close, so as to control the load. The first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 may also include a number of normally open auxiliary contacts, a number of normally closed auxiliary contacts, and corresponding closing electromagnets (coils used to control the operation of each auxiliary contact).

[0084] Generally, when the first contactor KM1 is not energized, the first normally open contact and the second normally open contact of the first contactor KM1 are open; when the first contactor KM1 is energized, the first normally open contact and the second normally open contact of the first contactor KM1 are closed; the working principle of the second contactor KM2 is similar to that of the first contactor KM1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0085] Additionally, see also Figure 5 The precharge protection unit 1012 may also include a fuse FU and a Hall element HALL; for specific connection details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 5As shown. Among them, the fuse FU in the precharge protection unit 1012 can be disconnected in the event of an overcurrent or short circuit fault to protect the circuit; the Hall element HALL can detect the current flowing through the precharge protection unit 1012, and can also transmit the detected current to the corresponding control unit (such as BMS), so that the control unit can control the circuit breaker QF, the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 to perform corresponding actions according to the detected current.

[0086] It is worth noting that the following is based on Figure 5 The structure shown provides a simple explanation of the working principle of the precharge protection unit 1012: When the battery cluster 1011 does not need to exchange energy with other devices (for example, when the battery cluster 1011 does not need to supply power to appliances such as cooling devices connected to the busbar P, and the PCS connected to the busbar P does not need to charge the battery cluster 1011), the first and second auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker QF, the first and second normally open contacts of the first contactor KM1, and the normally open contact of the second contactor KM2 can all be in the open state. At this time, the precharge protection unit 1012 does not transmit electrical energy.

[0087] When the battery cluster 1011 needs to output power to other devices connected to the busbar P, the normally open contact of the second contactor KM2 and the first and second auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker QF can be closed first, so that the power output by the battery cluster 1011 is pre-charged through the pre-charging resistor R1. After the pre-charging is completed, the first and second normally open contacts of the first contactor KM1 are closed, so that the battery cluster 1011 can normally output power to other devices connected to the busbar P.

[0088] When the PCS connected to the busbar P needs to charge the battery cluster 1011 or output power to the switching module 102, the normally open contact of the second contactor KM2 and the first and second auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker QF can be closed first, so that the power output by the PCS is pre-charged through the pre-charge resistor R1. After the pre-charge is completed, the first and second normally open contacts of the first contactor KM1 are closed, so that the PCS can normally output power to the battery cluster 1011 and / or the switching module 102.

[0089] As can be seen from the above working principle, by controlling the circuit breaker QF, the first contactor KM1, and the second contactor KM2, pre-charging can be achieved when the battery prefabricated compartment is powered on, thereby limiting the inrush current at the moment of power-on and protecting the components in the battery prefabricated compartment from damage. In this way, not only can the power supply relationship of the battery prefabricated compartment be flexibly controlled, but the safety and reliability of the battery prefabricated compartment can also be improved.

[0090] In another possible solution, the first normally open contact and the second normally open contact of the first contactor KM1 mentioned in the above embodiment can actually be normally open contacts belonging to two different contactors. Adjustments can be made according to actual needs in practical applications, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0091] In one possible implementation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 The switching module 102 includes a power switching unit 1022 and at least two voltage conversion units 1021.

[0092] The input terminal of each voltage conversion unit 1021 is connected to the corresponding battery cluster 1011 and the precharge protection unit 1012, respectively. The output terminal of each voltage conversion unit 1021 is connected to the power switching unit 1022, which is also used to connect to the electrical load.

[0093] Specifically, the voltage conversion unit 1021 is used to reduce the voltage output from the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012 to the power switching unit 1022. In other words, the voltage conversion unit 1021 can be used to reduce the voltage of the electrical energy output from the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012 to the voltage conversion unit 1021, and output the reduced voltage electrical energy to the power switching unit 1022.

[0094] The power switching unit 1022 is used to connect the target power supply unit to the electrical load when the voltage conversion unit 1021 corresponding to the target power supply unit outputs electrical energy to the power switching unit 1022, and to disconnect the target power supply unit from the electrical load when the voltage conversion unit 1021 corresponding to the target power supply unit does not output electrical energy to the power switching unit 1022.

[0095] Optionally, the voltage conversion unit 1021 can be any possible Buck circuit or a DC-DC converter capable of step-down. For example, if the voltage level of the electrical energy output from the battery cluster 1011 to the voltage conversion unit 1021 or the electrical energy output from the PCS via the pre-charge protection unit 1012 to the voltage conversion unit 1021 is 1500V, then the voltage conversion unit 1021 can convert 1500V to 24V. Generally, the voltage level of the stepped-down electrical energy can be adjusted according to the actual needs of the electrical load, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0096] Optionally, the power switching unit 1022 can be any circuit capable of performing the switching function. For example, the power switching unit 1022 may include multiple controllable switches, and by controlling the on or off of the multiple controllable switches, the connection relationship between the voltage conversion unit 1021 corresponding to each power supply unit 101 and the electrical load can be changed. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0097] For example, at least two power supply units 101 include M power supply units 101, and the switching module 102 includes M voltage conversion units 1021 and the power switching unit 1022.

[0098] The first end of the battery cluster 1011 in the kth power supply unit 101 is connected to the first end of the precharge protection unit 1012 in the kth power supply unit 101 and the first input end of the voltage conversion unit 1021, respectively. The second end of the battery cluster 1011 in the kth power supply unit 101 is connected to the second end of the precharge protection unit 1012 in the kth power supply unit 101 and the second input end of the voltage conversion unit 1021, respectively.

[0099] The third and fourth terminals of the precharge protection unit 1012 in the kth power supply unit 101 are respectively connected to the busbar P.

[0100] The first and second output terminals of the kth voltage conversion unit 1021 are respectively connected to the input terminal of the power switching unit 1022, and the output terminal of the power switching unit 1022 is used to connect to the electrical load.

[0101] Where M is greater than or equal to 2, k is less than or equal to M, and both M and k are integers greater than or equal to 0.

[0102] Understandably, with M=2 and K=2, the structure of the prefabricated battery compartment can be as follows: Figure 6 As shown; therefore, when M and k are other values, the structure of the battery prefabrication compartment can also be adaptively adjusted so that the switching module 102 and the power switching unit 1022 can achieve the corresponding functions.

[0103] For example, see [link to previous article] Figure 6 Assuming that there is only one power supply unit 101 in the prefabricated battery compartment (e.g., located in...) Figure 6 The battery cluster 1011 or precharge protection unit 1012 in the power supply unit 101 on the left outputs electrical energy to the corresponding voltage conversion unit 1021, while another power supply unit 101 (e.g., located in...) Figure 6 If the battery cluster 1011 and precharge protection unit 1012 in the power supply unit 101 on the right do not output power to the corresponding voltage conversion unit 1021, then the battery cluster 1011 and precharge protection unit 1012 in the right-hand power supply unit 101 do not output power to the corresponding voltage conversion unit 1021. Figure 6The voltage conversion unit 1021 on the left outputs stepped-down electrical energy to the power switching unit 1022. Figure 6 The voltage conversion unit 1021 on the right side does not output the stepped-down power to the power switching unit 1022. In this case, the power switching unit 1022 will cause the voltage conversion unit 1021 located on the right side to not output the stepped-down power. Figure 6 The power supply unit 101 on the left is connected to the electrical load through the voltage conversion unit 1021, and, thereby enabling... Figure 6 The power supply unit 101 and voltage conversion unit 1021 on the right are disconnected from the electrical load.

[0104] Assuming that both power supply units 101 in the prefabricated battery compartment output electrical energy to their corresponding voltage conversion units 1021, then, located in Figure 6 The two voltage conversion units 1021 in the middle will output stepped-down electrical energy to the power switching unit 1022. In this case, the power switching unit 1022 will make... Figure 6 The two power supply units 101 are connected to the electrical load through the corresponding voltage conversion units 1021.

[0105] Assuming that neither of the two power supply units 101 in the battery prefabrication compartment outputs power to the corresponding voltage conversion unit 1021, then, located in Figure 6 Neither of the two voltage conversion units 1021 outputs the stepped-down power to the power switching unit 1022. In this situation, the power switching unit 1022 will... Figure 6 Both power supply units 101 in the circuit are disconnected from the electrical load.

[0106] In addition, if the electrical load includes multiple electrical appliances, then when the target power supply unit is connected to the electrical load, the target power supply unit can be connected to all the electrical appliances or only to some of the electrical appliances. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0107] In this way, the power supply unit 101 can be switched to supply power to the electrical load according to the different working conditions of the GIA battery prefabrication compartment.

[0108] In one possible implementation, the power switching unit 1022 includes M relays.

[0109] In this case, the kth voltage conversion unit 1021 is used to reduce the voltage of the electrical energy output to the kth voltage conversion unit 1021 by the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012 in the kth power supply unit 101, and output the stepped-down electrical energy to the power switching unit 1022.

[0110] Specifically, when the kth voltage conversion unit 1021 outputs electrical energy to the kth relay, the kth relay is activated, causing the kth power supply unit 101 to be connected to the electrical load through the kth relay.

[0111] When the kth voltage conversion unit 1021 does not output power to the kth relay, the kth relay is activated, causing the kth power supply unit 101 to disconnect from the electrical load through the kth relay.

[0112] Optionally, each relay can refer to a switching device that uses current flowing through a coil to generate a magnetic field, causing contacts to close, thereby controlling the load. Each relay may also include several normally open auxiliary contacts, several normally closed auxiliary contacts, and a corresponding closing electromagnet (for controlling the coil of each auxiliary contact). Generally, this relay is used for small current signal control, while the aforementioned first contactor KM1 and second contactor KM2 are used for switching on and off the main circuit with large current.

[0113] For example, see Figure 7 When M is 2, the power switching unit 1022 includes a first relay and a second relay.

[0114] The first terminal of the first coil KA1-X of the first relay is respectively connected to the first voltage conversion unit 1021 (located in...). Figure 7 The first output terminal of the voltage conversion unit 1021 on the left is connected to the first terminal of the first normally open contact KA1-K1 of the first relay, and the second terminal of the first coil KA1-X of the first relay is connected to the second output terminal of the first voltage conversion unit 1021 and the first terminal of the second normally open contact KA1-K2 of the first relay, respectively.

[0115] The first terminal of the second coil KA2-X of the second relay is connected to the second voltage conversion unit 1021 (located in...). Figure 7 The first output terminal of the voltage conversion unit 1021 on the right is connected to the first terminal of the third normally open contact KA2-K1 of the second relay, and the second terminal of the second coil KA2-X of the second relay is connected to the second output terminal of the second voltage conversion unit 1021 and the first terminal of the fourth normally open contact KA2-K2 of the second relay, respectively. The second terminal of the first normally open contact KA1-K1 of the first relay is connected to the first terminal of the first normally closed contact KA1-B1 of the first relay, the first terminal of the first normally closed contact KA2-B1 of the second relay, and the electrical load (such as...). Figure 7The electrical loads 1, 2, and 3 shown are connected. The second normally open contacts KA1-K2 of the first relay are respectively connected to the first terminals of the second normally closed contacts KA1-B2 of the first relay, the first terminals of the second normally closed contacts KA2-B2 of the second relay, and the electrical loads (such as...). Figure 7 The electrical loads 1, 2, and 3 are connected as shown.

[0116] The second terminal of the first normally open contact KA2-K1 of the second relay is connected to the second terminal of the first normally closed contact KA1-B1 of the first relay, the second terminal of the first normally closed contact KA2-B1 of the second relay, and the electrical load (such as...). Figure 7 The electrical loads 4, 5, and 6 shown are connected. The second normally open contact KA2-K2 of the second relay is connected to the second normally closed contact KA1-B2 of the second relay, the second normally closed contact KA2-B2 of the second relay, and the electrical load (such as...) Figure 7 The electrical loads 1, 2, and 3 are connected as shown.

[0117] In this embodiment, electrical loads 1-6 can be different electrical appliances; for example, electrical load 1 can be a monitoring device, electrical load 2 can be a lighting device, electrical load 3 can be a sound device, electrical load 4 can be a fire-fighting device, electrical load 5 can be an environmental control device, and electrical load 6 can be any other possible device. In practical applications, more electrical loads can be set up in parallel with other electrical loads, and each electrical load can be adjusted according to actual needs. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0118] Understandably, with Figure 7 Taking the illustrated structure as an example, assuming the first voltage conversion unit 1021 and the second voltage conversion unit 1021 receive electrical energy from the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012 respectively, then the first voltage conversion unit 1021 will output electrical energy to the first coil KA1-X of the first relay. After the first coil KA1-X of the first relay is energized, the first normally open contact KA1-K1 and the second normally open contact KA1-K2 of the first relay will close, and the first normally closed contact KA1-B1 and the second normally closed contact KA1-B2 of the first relay will open. Similarly, the second voltage conversion unit 1021 will output electrical energy to the second coil KA2-X of the second relay. After the second coil KA2-X of the second relay is energized, the first normally open contact KA2-K1 and the second normally open contact KA2-K2 of the second relay will close, and the first normally closed contact KA2-B1 and the second normally closed contact KA2-B2 of the second relay will open.

[0119] In this configuration, the stepped-down electrical energy output from the first voltage conversion unit 1021 can be output to electrical loads 1, 2, and 3 through the first normally open contact KA1-K1 and the second normally open contact KA1-K2 of the first relay. Similarly, the stepped-down electrical energy output from the second voltage conversion unit 1021 can be output to electrical loads 4, 5, and 6 through the first normally open contact KA2-K1 and the second normally open contact KA2-K2 of the second relay. That is, the energy can be supplied by the relay located at... Figure 7 The power supply unit 101 on the left and located at Figure 7 The power supply unit 101 on the right supplies power to a portion of the corresponding electrical loads.

[0120] Continue with Figure 7 Taking the structure shown as an example, assuming that the first voltage conversion unit 1021 receives electrical energy from the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012, but the second voltage conversion unit 1021 does not receive electrical energy from the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012; then the first voltage conversion unit 1021 will output electrical energy to the first coil KA1-X of the first relay. After the first coil KA1-X of the first relay is energized, the first normally open contact KA1-K1 and the second normally open contact KA1-K2 of the first relay will close, and the first normally closed contact KA1-B1 and the second normally closed contact KA1-B2 of the first relay will open. Furthermore, the second voltage conversion unit 1021 will not output electrical energy to the second coil KA2-X of the second relay. When the second coil KA2-X of the second relay is de-energized, the first normally open contact KA2-K1 and the second normally open contact KA2-K2 of the second relay will open, and the first normally closed contact KA2-B1 and the second normally closed contact KA2-B2 of the second relay will close.

[0121] In this configuration, the stepped-down electrical energy output from the first voltage conversion unit 1021 can be supplied to electrical loads 1, 2, and 3 via the first normally open contact KA1-K1 and the second normally open contact KA1-K2 of the first relay, and simultaneously supplied to electrical loads 4, 5, and 6 via the first normally closed contact KA2-B1 and the second normally closed contact KA2-B2 of the second relay. That is, the energy can be supplied by the power supplied from the first normally open contact KA1-K1 and the second normally closed contact KA2-B2 of the second relay. Figure 7 The power supply unit 101 on the left supplies power to all electrical loads.

[0122] Continue with Figure 7Taking the structure shown as an example, suppose the second voltage conversion unit 1021 receives electrical energy from the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012, but the first voltage conversion unit 1021 does not receive electrical energy from the battery cluster 1011 or the precharge protection unit 1012; then the second voltage conversion unit 1021 will output electrical energy to the second coil KA2-X of the second relay. After the second coil KA2-X of the second relay is energized, the first normally open contact KA2-K1 and the second normally open contact KA2-K2 of the second relay will close, and the first normally closed contact KA2-B1 and the second normally closed contact KA2-B2 of the second relay will open. Furthermore, the first voltage conversion unit 1021 will not output electrical energy to the first coil KA1-X of the first relay. When the first coil KA1-X of the first relay is de-energized, the first normally open contact KA1-K1 and the second normally open contact KA1-K2 of the first relay will open, and the first normally closed contact KA1-B1 and the second normally closed contact KA1-B2 of the first relay will close.

[0123] In this configuration, the stepped-down electrical energy output from the second voltage conversion unit 1021 can be supplied to electrical loads 4, 5, and 6 via the first normally open contact KA2-K1 and the second normally open contact KA2-K2 of the second relay. Simultaneously, it can be supplied to electrical loads 1, 2, and 3 via the first normally closed contact KA1-B1 and the second normally closed contact KA1-B2 of the first relay. That is, the energy can be supplied by the power source located at... Figure 7 The power supply unit 101 on the right provides power to all electrical loads.

[0124] It is worth noting that, as can be seen from the above working principle, even if some power supply units 101 in the prefabricated battery compartment fail, the relays in the power switching unit 1022 can still perform corresponding actions, enabling other normal power supply units 101 to supply power to all electrical loads. This improves the stability and reliability of power supply to the prefabricated battery compartment.

[0125] In one possible implementation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 8 The prefabricated battery compartment also includes a load protection unit (FB). Each first terminal of the load protection unit FB is connected to the switching module 102, and each second terminal of the load protection unit FB is connected to the electrical load.

[0126] The load protection unit FB is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the load protection unit FB is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold.

[0127] Optionally, the load protection unit FB may include multiple fuses FU, and the number of fuses in the load protection unit FB may be the same as the number of electrical loads. Generally, the first preset threshold may refer to the fusing current of the fuses in the load protection unit FB. The connection relationship of the various fuses FU in the load protection unit FB is shown in [reference needed]. Figure 8 As shown, the embodiments of this application will not be described in detail here.

[0128] In this way, if the current output from the prefabricated battery compartment to any electrical load is too large, the power supply path between the prefabricated battery compartment and any electrical load can be cut off, thereby protecting the electrical load from damage due to excessive power supply current.

[0129] In one possible implementation, see [link to previous section] Figure 8 The battery prefabricated compartment also includes a first power supply protection unit QD.

[0130] The first power supply protection unit QD is connected between each precharge protection unit 1012 and the switching module 102.

[0131] The first power supply protection unit QD is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the first power supply protection unit QD is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.

[0132] Optionally, the first power supply protection unit QD may also include multiple fuses FU, and the number of fuses in the first power supply protection unit QD may be proportional to the number of power supply units 101. Generally, the second preset threshold may refer to the fusing current of the fuses in the first power supply protection unit QD. The connection relationship of each fuse FU in the first power supply protection unit QD is shown in [reference needed]. Figure 8 As shown, the embodiments of this application will not be described in detail here.

[0133] In this way, if the current output from any power supply unit 101 to the switching module 102 is large, the power supply path between the power supply unit 101 and the switching module 102 can be cut off, thereby protecting the switching module 102 and each electrical load from damage due to excessive power supply current.

[0134] This can improve the safety of the prefabricated battery compartment.

[0135] In one possible implementation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9 The battery prefabrication module also includes PCS103.

[0136] The PCS103 is connected to each precharge protection unit 1012 via the busbar P.

[0137] The PCS103 is used to output electrical energy to the precharge protection unit 1012 to transmit electrical energy to the battery cluster 1011 and the switching module 102; or, to output the electrical energy output by the battery cluster 1011 through the precharge protection unit 1012 to an external device.

[0138] Optionally, the external device may refer to the municipal power grid or other power supply equipment, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0139] In this embodiment, PCS103 can convert AC power input from an external device into DC power, and then output the converted DC power to the precharge protection unit 1012; moreover, PCS103 can convert DC power input to the battery cluster 1011 via the precharge protection unit 1012 into AC power, and then output the converted AC power to the external device. In this way, the battery prefabrication compartment can cooperate with the external device to achieve "peak shaving and valley filling" power distribution control.

[0140] In one possible implementation, the battery prefabrication compartment also includes a temperature control device.

[0141] The temperature control device is connected to each of the precharge protection units 1012 and the PCS 103 via the busbar P.

[0142] The temperature control device is powered by the PCS103 or by each of the battery clusters 1011. Furthermore, the temperature control device is used to control the temperature of each battery cluster 1011 within a preset temperature range when powered on.

[0143] Optionally, the preset temperature range can be set by relevant technical personnel according to actual needs. Generally, the preset temperature range can refer to the temperature range in which the battery cluster 1011 can be charged and discharged normally, or the preset temperature range can refer to the temperature range in which the battery cluster 1011 can be charged and discharged with high performance. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0144] For example, see [link to previous article] Figure 9 The temperature control device may include a cooling device 104.

[0145] The cooling device 104 is connected to each precharge protection unit 1012 and PCS 103 via the busbar P.

[0146] The cooling device 104 is powered by PCS103 or by each battery cluster 1011; the cooling device 104 is used to reduce the temperature of each battery cluster 1011 when it is powered on.

[0147] Optionally, the cooling device 104 can be any cooling device capable of operating with direct current. For example, the cooling device 104 may include a liquid-cooled unit and / or an air-cooled unit powered by direct current, and the electrical loads such as the compressor motor, fan motor, or water pump motor in the liquid-cooled unit and / or the air-cooled unit are all DC electrical appliances. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0148] Generally, when PCS103 outputs electrical energy to battery cluster 1011 and switching module 102 through busbar P and precharge protection unit 1012, cooling device 104 is powered by PCS103; when battery cluster 1011 outputs electrical energy through precharge protection unit 1012 and busbar P, cooling device 104 is powered by each battery cluster 1011.

[0149] For example, taking a battery prefabricated compartment with a rated power of 2.5MW (2500kW) and a capacity of 5MWh as an example, the battery prefabricated compartment includes a liquid cooling unit with a maximum power consumption of about 32kW and other auxiliary equipment (the total peak power consumption is about 35kW, accounting for 1.4% of the rated power of the battery prefabricated compartment). Given that PCS103 and each battery cluster 1011 have a continuous overload capacity of ≥110% (i.e., the total overload capacity of the battery prefabricated compartment is 2750kW), the battery cluster 1011 can effectively cover the power consumption of the cooling device 104 and other auxiliary equipment under both charging and discharging conditions. The battery prefabricated compartment can maintain sufficient power margin and will not affect the normal operation of the battery prefabricated compartment.

[0150] It is understandable that when the cooling device 104 is powered by the battery clusters 1011, the cooling device 104 can receive the electrical energy output by each battery cluster 1011 through the busbar P. That is to say, in this embodiment, the cooling device 104 is not powered by only one or a portion of the battery clusters 1011, but by all the battery clusters 1011 that are in normal working order. In this way, the situation of uneven power distribution among the battery clusters 1011 can be avoided as much as possible.

[0151] Furthermore, since the cooling device 104 and other devices within the prefabricated battery compartment all operate using direct current (DC), the prefabricated battery compartment can eliminate the need for DC-to-AC inverters (such as DC-AC converters) and transformers to change the voltage level of AC power. This eliminates the need for unnecessary non-standard customization for AC power, thus reducing material and labor costs. Moreover, by eliminating the need for DC-to-AC conversion, it also reduces power conversion losses and improves power supply efficiency.

[0152] In one possible implementation, the battery prefabricated compartment also includes a second power supply protection unit.

[0153] The second power supply protection unit is connected between the busbar P and the cooling device 104.

[0154] The second power supply protection unit is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the second power supply protection unit is greater than or equal to a corresponding threshold.

[0155] Optionally, see [link to relevant documentation] Figure 9 The second power supply protection unit may also include multiple fuses (FUs). The connection relationship of each fuse (FU) in the second power supply protection unit is shown in [reference needed]. Figure 9 As shown, the embodiments of this application will not be described in detail here.

[0156] In this way, when the current output from the busbar P to the cooling device 104 is large, the power supply path between the busbar P and the cooling device 104 can be cut off, thereby protecting the cooling device 104 from damage due to excessive power supply current.

[0157] In one possible implementation, the battery prefabricated compartment also includes a busbar protection unit.

[0158] The busbar protection unit is connected between busbar P and PCS103.

[0159] The busbar protection unit is used to disconnect when the current flowing through it is greater than or equal to a corresponding threshold. The busbar protection unit can also disconnect under the control of relevant technicians or controllers.

[0160] Optionally, see [link to relevant documentation] Figure 9 The busbar protection unit may also include a fuse FU and a disconnecting switch QS. For the connection relationship between the auxiliary contacts of the disconnecting switch QS and the fuse FU in the busbar protection unit, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 9 As shown, the embodiments of this application will not be described in detail here.

[0161] In this way, when the current output from busbar P to PCS103 is large, or when the current output from PCS103 to busbar P is large, the power supply path between busbar P and PCS103 can be cut off, thereby protecting the components in the battery prefabricated compartment from overcurrent damage. Furthermore, technicians can actively disconnect the connection between external devices and the battery prefabricated compartment via PCS103 by controlling the isolating switch QS, so as to control the charging and discharging conditions of the battery cluster 1011 as needed.

[0162] It should be noted that if one part of the power supply unit 101 in the battery prefabrication compartment stops working or malfunctions, while another part of the power supply unit 101 is normally outputting power to the busbar P, or if the PCS103 is charging the other part of the normally operating power supply unit 101 through the busbar P, the circuit breaker QF, the first contactor KM1, and / or the second contactor KM2 in the part of the power supply unit 101 that has stopped working or malfunctioned can be controlled to disconnect the part of the power supply unit 101 that has stopped working or malfunctioned from the busbar P. In this way, the problem of the switching module 102 malfunctioning and failing to supply power to the electrical load can be avoided.

[0163] Based on the foregoing embodiments and within the same design concept, this application also provides a DC power distribution system, which may include any of the battery prefabricated compartments provided in the above embodiments.

[0164] Optionally, the DC power distribution system may also include any possible power source that can be connected to the PCS in the battery prefabrication compartment, so that the power source can supply power to the battery clusters in the battery prefabrication compartment and the electrical loads connected to the battery prefabrication compartment through the PCS, or enable the power source to receive electrical energy output from the battery clusters in the battery prefabrication compartment through the PCS.

[0165] The description of the DC power distribution system embodiments above is similar to that of the battery prefabricated compartment embodiments above, and has similar beneficial effects. For technical details not disclosed in the device embodiments of this application, please refer to the description of the battery prefabricated compartment embodiments of this application for understanding.

[0166] Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure of the DC power distribution system mentioned above is only a part of the structure related to the solution of this application, and does not constitute a limitation on the DC power distribution system provided by the solution of this application. The specific DC power distribution system may include more or fewer components than those listed in the above embodiments, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0167] It should be understood that the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "some embodiments" mentioned throughout the specification mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "in one embodiment," "in one embodiment," or "in some embodiments" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence numbers of the above-described processes do not imply a sequential order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application. The sequence numbers of the above-described embodiments are merely for descriptive purposes and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The descriptions of the various embodiments above tend to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments; their similarities or commonalities can be referred to mutually, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0168] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships. For example, object A and / or object B can represent three situations: object A exists alone, object A and object B exist simultaneously, and object B exists alone.

[0169] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0170] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device can be implemented in other ways. The embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be through some interface, or the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or modules may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0171] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0172] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A prefabricated battery compartment, characterized in that, The battery prefabricated compartment includes: at least two power supply units and a switching module, each power supply unit including a battery cluster and a precharge protection unit; Each of the battery clusters is connected to the corresponding precharge protection unit, and each precharge protection unit is connected to the busbar, which is used to connect other devices. Each of the battery clusters and each of the precharge protection units are also connected to the switching module, and the switching module is also used to connect to the electrical load; The battery cluster is used to output electrical energy to the precharge protection unit and the switching module, or to charge under the action of the electrical energy transmitted by the precharge protection unit. The precharge protection unit is used to transmit the electrical energy output by the battery cluster to other devices, or to transmit the electrical energy output by other devices to the battery cluster and the switching module; The switching module is used to connect the target power supply unit to the electrical load when it receives electrical energy from the battery cluster or precharge protection unit in the target power supply unit, and to disconnect the target power supply unit from the electrical load when it does not receive electrical energy from the battery cluster or precharge protection unit in the target power supply unit; the target power supply unit is any one of the at least two power supply units.

2. The battery prefabrication compartment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes: a power switching unit and at least two voltage conversion units; The input terminal of each voltage conversion unit is connected to the corresponding battery cluster and the precharge protection unit, and the output terminal of each voltage conversion unit is connected to the power switching unit. The power switching unit is also used to connect to the electrical load. The voltage conversion unit is used to reduce the voltage output from the battery cluster or the precharge protection unit to the power switching unit; The power switching unit is used to connect the target power supply unit to the electrical load when the voltage conversion unit corresponding to the target power supply unit outputs electrical energy to the power switching unit, and to disconnect the target power supply unit from the electrical load when the voltage conversion unit corresponding to the target power supply unit does not output electrical energy to the power switching unit.

3. The battery prefabrication compartment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The at least two power supply units include M power supply units, and the switching module includes M voltage conversion units and the power switching unit, wherein M is greater than or equal to 2; The first end of the battery cluster in the kth power supply unit is connected to the first end of the precharge protection unit and the first input end of the voltage conversion unit in the kth power supply unit, respectively; the second end of the battery cluster in the kth power supply unit is connected to the second end of the precharge protection unit and the second input end of the voltage conversion unit in the kth power supply unit, respectively. The third and fourth terminals of the pre-charge protection unit in the kth power supply unit are respectively connected to the busbar; The first and second output terminals of the kth voltage conversion unit are respectively connected to the input terminal of the power switching unit, and the output terminal of the power switching unit is used to connect to the electrical load. Wherein, k is less than or equal to M.

4. The battery prefabrication compartment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The power switching unit includes M relays; The kth voltage conversion unit is used to reduce the voltage of the electrical energy output from the battery cluster or precharge protection unit in the kth power supply unit to the kth voltage conversion unit, and output the reduced electrical energy to the power switching unit. When the kth voltage conversion unit outputs electrical energy to the kth relay, the kth relay is activated, causing the kth power supply unit to be connected to the electrical load through the kth relay; When the kth voltage conversion unit does not output power to the kth relay, the kth relay is activated, causing the kth power supply unit to disconnect from the electrical load through the kth relay.

5. The battery prefabrication compartment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated battery compartment also includes an energy storage converter; The energy storage converter is connected to each of the precharge protection units via the busbar; The energy storage converter is used to output electrical energy to the precharge protection unit to transmit electrical energy to the battery cluster and the switching module; or, to output the electrical energy output by the battery cluster through the precharge protection unit to external devices.

6. The battery prefabricated compartment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The battery prefabrication compartment also includes a temperature control device; The temperature control device is connected to each of the precharge protection units and the energy storage converter via the busbar; The temperature control device is powered by the energy storage converter or by each of the battery clusters; the temperature control device is used to control the temperature of each battery cluster within a preset temperature range when it is powered on.

7. The battery prefabricated compartment as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The prefabricated battery compartment also includes a load protection unit; Each first terminal of the load protection unit is connected to the switching module, and each second terminal of the load protection unit is connected to the electrical load. The load protection unit is configured to disconnect when the current flowing through it is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold.

8. The battery prefabricated compartment as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The battery prefabrication compartment also includes a first power supply protection unit; The first power supply protection unit is connected between each of the precharge protection units and the switching module; The first power supply protection unit is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the first power supply protection unit is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.

9. The battery prefabricated compartment as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The precharge protection unit includes at least a circuit breaker, a precharge resistor, a first contactor, and a second contactor; The first end of the first auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker is connected to the busbar, the second end of the first auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker is connected to the first end of the pre-charge resistor and the first end of the first normally open contact of the first contactor, the second end of the pre-charge resistor is connected to the first end of the normally open contact of the second contactor, and the second end of the normally open contact of the second contactor is connected to the second end of the first normally open contact of the first contactor, the first end of the battery cluster, and the switching module. The first end of the second auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker is connected to the busbar, the second end of the second auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker is connected to the first end of the second normally open contact of the first contactor, and the second end of the second normally open contact of the first contactor is connected to the second end of the battery cluster and the switching module, respectively.

10. A DC power distribution system, characterized in that, Includes the battery prefabricated compartment as described in any one of claims 1-9 above.

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