A pure hardware pre-discharge circuit suitable for use in a LEV vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to circuit technical field, concretely is a kind of pure hardware pre-discharge circuit suitable for LEV vehicle, including diode, resistance, triode, capacitor, battery management chip, wiring end, the utility model compares with prior art, the control function of pre-discharge is realized by resistance, transistor, avoid plugging spark, protect discharge port from damage, while giving consideration to low cost with the development speed fast.The utility model has the advantages of extremely high reliability and independence, response speed is extremely fast, function stability is strong, simplifies the complexity of software.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of circuit technology, specifically a pure hardware pre-discharge circuit suitable for LEV vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] The bus voltage of two-wheeled vehicles is usually very high, such as 48V, 60V, 72V or even higher, and the capacity of battery packs is also getting larger and larger, and the capacitance of large-capacity electrolytic capacitors inside the controller is also getting larger and larger.

[0003] At the moment of connection between the battery pack and the controller terminals, if the large capacitor has been completely discharged, it will generate a huge arcing spark with the battery plug. This will not only burn out the battery and controller connectors, shortening their lifespan, but also pose a risk of igniting surrounding flammable materials.

[0004] Pre-discharge can effectively eliminate arcing sparks. Commercially available pre-discharge control circuits are typically controlled by software via an MCU. Low-cost hardware solutions require an additional MCU to implement this logic, increasing development complexity and extending the development cycle.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a pure hardware pre-discharge circuit suitable for LEV vehicles, which can realize the pre-discharge control function solely through hardware circuitry, thereby reducing costs, shortening the development cycle, and improving reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a pure hardware pre-discharge circuit suitable for LEV vehicles. The pre-discharge control function is achieved solely through hardware circuitry, thereby reducing costs, shortening the development cycle, and improving reliability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a pure hardware pre-discharge circuit suitable for LEV vehicles, comprising diodes, resistors, transistors, capacitors, a battery management chip, and terminals. The cathode of Zener diode 3 is connected to the high-voltage signal terminal. The anode of Zener diode 3 is connected in series with resistor 121, and then splits into two paths connected to one end of resistor 122 and the base of transistor 37, respectively. The collector of transistor 37 is connected in two paths to one end of resistor 120 and the gate of power transistor 35, respectively. The source of power transistor 35 is connected in two paths to the other end of resistor 120 and the VCC power supply terminal, respectively. The drain of power transistor 35 is connected in series with resistor 26, and then splits into three paths connected to one end of resistor 30 and the capacitor, respectively. One end of resistor 9 is connected to pin 28 of the battery management chip. Pin 1 of the battery management chip is connected in three paths to the VBAT terminal, one end of capacitor 7, and one end of resistor 3. The other end of resistor 3 is connected in two paths to the cathodes of Zener diode 1 and diode 2. The anode of diode 2 is connected in two paths to one end of resistor 1 and one end of capacitor 5. The other end of resistor 1 is connected in three paths to the cathode of diode 1, one end of capacitor 1, and one end of voltage divider resistor 1. The other end of capacitor 1 is connected to one end of capacitor 3. The other end of voltage divider resistor 1 is connected in three paths to pin 1 of terminal 3, one end of resistor 16, and one end of resistor 12. The other end of resistor 12 is connected in two paths. The resistor is connected to one end of electrolytic capacitor fourteen and pin 2 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor sixteen is connected to the collector of transistor twenty-two. The base of transistor twenty-two is connected in series with resistor thirty-one, and then splits into four paths connected to one end of resistor thirteen, the other end of electrolytic capacitor fourteen, one end of electrolytic capacitor fifteen, and pin 3 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor thirteen is split into three paths connected to the emitter of transistor twenty-two, one end of resistor thirty-three, and pin 2 of terminal three. The other end of resistor thirty-three is connected to the collector of transistor twenty-three. The base of transistor twenty-three is connected in series with resistor forty, and then splits into four paths connected to one end of resistor fourteen, the other end of electrolytic capacitor fifteen, and the other end of electrolytic capacitor sixteen. One end of resistor 14 is connected to pin 4 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 14 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 23, one end of resistor 41, and pin 3 of terminal 3. The other end of resistor 41 is connected to the collector of transistor 24. The base of transistor 24 is connected in series with resistor 42, and then in four separate paths to one end of resistor 22, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 16, one end of electrolytic capacitor 11, and pin 5 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 22 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 24, one end of resistor 2, and pin 4 of terminal 3. The other end of resistor 2 is connected to the collector of transistor 4. The base of transistor 4 is connected in series with resistor 4.The resistor is divided into four paths, each connected to one end of resistor 23, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 11, one end of electrolytic capacitor 12, and pin 6 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 23 is divided into three paths, each connected to the emitter of transistor 4, one end of resistor 35, and pin 5 of terminal 3. The other end of resistor 35 is connected to the collector of transistor 6. The base of transistor 6 is connected in series with resistor 37, which is then divided into four paths, each connected to one end of resistor 24, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 12, one end of electrolytic capacitor 13, and pin 7 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 24 is divided into three paths, each connected to the emitter of transistor 6, one end of resistor 45, and pin 6 of terminal 3. The other end of resistor 45... One end is connected to the collector of transistor 17. After the base of transistor 17 is connected in series with resistor 49, it is divided into four paths and connected to one end of resistor 1, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 13, one end of electrolytic capacitor 1, and pin 8 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 1 is divided into three paths and connected to the emitter of transistor 17, one end of resistor 8, and pin 7 of terminal 3. The other end of resistor 8 is connected to the collector of transistor 1. After the base of transistor 1 is connected in series with resistor 11, it is divided into four paths and connected to one end of resistor 2, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 1, one end of electrolytic capacitor 2, and pin 9 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 2 is divided into three paths and connected to the emitter of transistor 1, one end of resistor 13, and terminal 3. Pin 8 of transistor 3 is connected. The other end of resistor 13 is connected to the collector of transistor 2. After resistor 15 is connected in series with the base of transistor 2, it is split into four paths and connected to one end of resistor 3, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 2, one end of electrolytic capacitor 3, and pin 10 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 3 is split into three paths and connected to the emitter of transistor 2, one end of resistor 21, and pin 1 of terminal 4. The other end of resistor 21 is connected to the collector of transistor 3. After resistor 23 is connected in series with the base of transistor 3, it is split into four paths and connected to one end of resistor 4, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 3, one end of electrolytic capacitor 4, and pin 11 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 4 is split into three paths and connected to the emitter of transistor 2, one end of resistor 21, and pin 11 of terminal 4. The emitter of transistor 10 is connected to one end of resistor 25 and pin 2 of terminal 4. The other end of resistor 25 is connected to the collector of transistor 8. The base of transistor 8 is connected in series with resistor 27, which then splits into four paths and connects to one end of resistor 5, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 4, one end of electrolytic capacitor 5, and pin 12 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 5 is split into three paths and connects to the emitter of transistor 8, one end of resistor 34, and pin 3 of terminal 4. The other end of resistor 34 is connected to the collector of transistor 10. The base of transistor 10 is connected in series with resistor 50, which then splits into four paths and connects to one end of resistor 6, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 5, one end of electrolytic capacitor 6, and pin 13 of the battery management chip.The other end of resistor 6 is connected in three paths to the emitter of transistor 10, one end of resistor 51, and pin 4 of terminal 4. The other end of resistor 51 is connected to the collector of transistor 11. The base of transistor 11 is connected in series with resistor 53, and then in four paths to one end of resistor 7, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 6, one end of electrolytic capacitor 7, and pin 14 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 7 is connected in three paths to the emitter of transistor 11, one end of resistor 55, and pin 5 of terminal 4. The other end of resistor 55 is connected to the collector of transistor 12. The base of transistor 12 is connected in series with resistor 56, and then in four paths to one end of resistor 8, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 7, and pin 5 of the battery management chip. One end of capacitor 8 is connected to pin 15 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 8 is connected in three paths to the emitter of transistor 12, one end of resistor 59, and pin 6 of terminal 4. The other end of resistor 59 is connected to the collector of transistor 13. After resistor 60 is connected in series with the base of transistor 13, it is connected in four paths to one end of resistor 9, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 8, one end of electrolytic capacitor 9, and pin 16 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 9 is connected in three paths to the emitter of transistor 13, one end of resistor 61, and pin 7 of terminal 4. The other end of resistor 61 is connected to the collector of transistor 14. After resistor 62 is connected in series with the base of transistor 14, it is connected in five paths to... One end of resistor 10, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 9, one end of electrolytic capacitor 10, the cathode of diode 15, and pin 17 of the battery management chip are connected. The other end of resistor 10 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 14, one end of resistor 63, and pin 8 of terminal 4. The other end of resistor 63 is connected to the collector of transistor 15. The base of transistor 15 is connected in series with resistor 65, and then in five separate paths to one end of resistor 11, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 10, one end of capacitor 21, the cathode of diode 14, and pin 18 of the battery management chip. The other end of resistor 11 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 15, one end of voltage divider resistor 2, and pin 9 of terminal 4. The battery... Pin 20 of the battery management chip is connected in three paths to one end of resistor 57, one end of capacitor 18, and one end of capacitor 19, respectively. Pin 21 of the battery management chip is connected in three paths to one end of resistor 58, the other end of capacitor 18, and one end of capacitor 20, respectively. Pin 22 of the battery management chip is connected in two paths to one end of thermistor 2 and one end of capacitor 10, respectively. Pin 23 of the battery management chip is connected to one end of resistor 54. Pin 24 of the battery management chip is connected in two paths to one end of resistor 29 and one end of capacitor 11, with the other end of resistor 29 connected to one end of thermistor 1. Pin 27 of the battery management chip is connected in two paths to the VCC power supply terminal and one end of capacitor 8, respectively.Pin 29 of the battery management chip is connected in eight separate paths to one end of resistors 77, 84, 79, 80, 81, and 119, the source of power transistor 21, and the base of transistor 34. The other end of resistor 77 is connected to the collector of transistor 20. The emitter of transistor 20 is connected in three separate paths to one end of resistors 28 and 36, and the cathode of Zener diode 5. The other end of resistor 28 is connected to the gate of MOSFET 6. The other end of resistor 84 is connected in four separate paths to the cathode of diode 16, one end of resistor 90, one end of resistor 114, and transistor 31. The emitter of diode 16 is connected to the diode. The anode of diode 16 is connected in two paths to the other end of resistor 114 and one end of capacitor 17. The other end of capacitor 17 is connected in two paths to one end of resistor 93 and the base of transistor 32. The collector of transistor 32 is connected in series with resistor 115, and then in two paths to the other end of resistor 90 and the base of transistor 31. The collector of transistor 31 is connected in series with resistor 70, and then in two paths to one end of resistor 94 and the gate of power transistor 25. The drain of power transistor 25 is connected in series with shunt resistor 16 and then to the cathode of diode 22. The other end of resistor 80 is connected to the cathode of diode 12. The anode of diode 12... The diode is split into two paths, one connected to the other end of resistor 81 and the anode of diode 6. The cathode of diode 6 is split into three paths, one connected to the emitter of transistor 33, one end of capacitor 16, and the cathode of Zener diode 2. The base of transistor 33 is connected to the emitter of transistor 34. The collector of transistor 33 is connected to one end of resistor 118. The anode of Zener diode 2 is split into two paths, one connected to one end of resistor 83 and the base of transistor 30. The collector of transistor 30 is connected in series with resistor 82, and then split into two paths, one connected to the other end of resistor 79 and the gate of power transistor 21. The drain of power transistor 21 is connected in series with resistor 78 and then to the base of transistor 20. The battery transistor... After connecting resistor 14 in series to pin 30 of the transistor, the resistor is split into two paths and connected to the emitter of transistor 9 and one end of resistor 19, respectively. The other end of resistor 19 is split into two paths and connected to the base of transistor 9 and one end of resistor 24, respectively. The collector of transistor 9 is connected to the anode of diode 9. The cathode of diode 9 is split into three paths and connected to one end of resistor 38, one end of resistor 39, and the cathode of Zener diode 6, respectively. The other end of resistor 38 is connected to the gate of MOSFET 3. The drain of MOSFET 3 is connected to the drain of MOSFET 2. After connecting resistor 47 in series to the gate of MOSFET 2, the gate is split into three paths and connected to the cathode of Zener diode 11, one end of resistor 97, and resistor 113, respectively.Pin 19 of the battery management chip, the other end of voltage divider resistor 2, both ends of the metal film resistor, both ends of shunt resistor 1, the other end of thermistor 1, the other end of thermistor 2, the other end of resistor 24, the other end of resistor 30, the other end of resistor 36, the other end of resistor 39, the other end of resistor 54, the other end of resistor 57, the other end of resistor 58, the other end of resistor 83, the other end of resistor 93, the other end of resistor 94, the other end of resistor 97, the other end of resistor 118, the other end of resistor 119, the other end of resistor 122, the emitter of transistor 30, the emitter of transistor 32, and the emitter of transistor 37. The emitter, collector of transistor 34, source and drain of MOSFET 2, source and drain of MOSFET 3, source and drain of MOSFET 6, source of power transistor 25, the other end of capacitor 3, the other end of capacitor 5, the other end of capacitor 7, the other end of capacitor 8, the other end of capacitor 9, the other end of capacitor 10, the other end of capacitor 11, the other end of capacitor 16, the other end of capacitor 19, the other end of capacitor 20, the other end of capacitor 21, the anode of Zener diode 1, the anode of Zener diode 5, the anode of Zener diode 6, the anode of Zener diode 11, the anode of diode 1, the anode of diode 14, the anode of diode 15, and the anode of diode 22 are grounded.

[0008] The battery management chip is model SH3676016BP.

[0009] Compared with existing technologies, this invention uses resistors and transistors to achieve pre-discharge control, avoiding sparks during insertion and removal, protecting the discharge port from damage, and achieving both rapid development and low cost. This invention boasts advantages such as extremely high reliability and independence, extremely fast response speed, strong functional stability, and simplified software complexity. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 The circuit of this utility model Figure 1 .

[0011] Figure 2 The circuit of this utility model Figure 2 .

[0012] Figure 3 The circuit of this utility model Figure 3 . Detailed Implementation

[0013] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3This utility model is a pure hardware pre-discharge circuit suitable for LEV vehicles, including diodes, resistors, transistors, capacitors, a battery management chip, and terminals. The cathode of the Zener diode 3ZD3 is connected to the high-voltage signal terminal. The anode of the Zener diode 3ZD3 is connected in series with resistor 121R121, and then splits into two paths connected to one end of resistor 122R122 and the base of transistor 37Q37, respectively. The collector of transistor 37Q37 is split into two paths connected to one end of resistor 120R120 and the gate of power transistor 35Q35, respectively. The source of power transistor 35Q35 is split into two paths connected to the other end of resistor 120R120 and the VCC power supply terminal, respectively. The drain of power transistor 35Q35 is connected in series with... After resistor R26, it is split into three paths and connected to one end of resistor R30, one end of capacitor C9, and pin 28 of battery management chip U1. Pin 1 of battery management chip U1 is split into three paths and connected to the VBAT terminal, one end of capacitor C7, and one end of resistor R3. The other end of resistor R3 is split into two paths and connected to the cathodes of Zener diodes ZD1 and D2. The anode of diode D2 is split into two paths and connected to one end of resistor R1 and one end of capacitor C5. The other end of resistor R1 is split into three paths and connected to the cathode of diode D1, one end of capacitor C1, and one end of voltage divider resistor RB1. The other end of capacitor C1 is connected to one end of capacitor C3. The other end of the voltage divider resistor RB1 is connected in three paths to pin 1 of terminal P3, one end of resistor R16, and one end of resistor RD12. The other end of resistor RD12 is connected in two paths to one end of electrolytic capacitor CA14 and pin 2 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor R16 is connected to the collector of transistor Q22. The base of transistor Q22 is connected in series with resistor R31, and then in four paths to one end of resistor RD13, the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA14, one end of electrolytic capacitor CA15, and pin 3 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor RD13 is connected in three paths to three terminals. The emitter of transistor 22Q22, one end of resistor 33R33, and pin 2 of terminal block 3P3 are connected. The other end of resistor 33R33 is connected to the collector of transistor 23Q23. The base of transistor 23Q23 is connected in series with resistor 40R40, and then splits into four paths connected to one end of resistor 14RD14, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 15CA15, one end of electrolytic capacitor 16CA16, and pin 4 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor 14RD14 is split into three paths connected to the emitter of transistor 23Q23, one end of resistor 41R41, and pin 3 of terminal block 3P3. The other end of resistor 41R41 is connected to the collector of transistor 24Q24.After the base of transistor 24Q24 is connected in series with resistor 42R42, it is split into four paths and connected to one end of resistor 22RD22, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 16CA16, one end of electrolytic capacitor 11CA11, and pin 5 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor 22RD22 is split into three paths and connected to the emitter of transistor 24Q24, one end of resistor 2R2, and pin 4 of terminal 3P3. The other end of resistor 2R2 is connected to the collector of transistor 4Q4. After the base of transistor 4Q4 is connected in series with resistor 4R4, it is split into four paths and connected to one end of resistor 23RD23, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 11CA11, one end of electrolytic capacitor 12CA12, and pin 5 of battery management chip U1. Pin 6 is connected. The other end of resistor 23RD23 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 4Q4, one end of resistor 35R35, and pin 5 of terminal 3P3. The other end of resistor 35R35 is connected to the collector of transistor 6Q6. The base of transistor 6Q6 is connected in series with resistor 37R37, and then in four separate paths to one end of resistor 24RD24, the other end of electrolytic capacitor 12CA12, one end of electrolytic capacitor 13CA13, and pin 7 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor 24RD24 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 6Q6, one end of resistor 45R45, and pin 6 of terminal 3P3. The other end of resistor 45R45... The transistor is connected to the collector of transistor Q17. After the base of transistor Q17 is connected in series with resistor R49, it is split into four paths and connected to one end of resistor RD1, the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA13, one end of electrolytic capacitor CA1, and pin 8 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor RD1 is split into three paths and connected to the emitter of transistor Q17, one end of resistor R8, and pin 7 of terminal P3. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to the collector of transistor Q1. After the base of transistor Q1 is connected in series with resistor R11, it is split into four paths and connected to one end of resistor RD2, the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA1, one end of electrolytic capacitor CA2, and battery management chip U1. Pin 9 of the circuit is connected. The other end of resistor RD2 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor Q1, one end of resistor R13, and pin 8 of terminal P3. The other end of resistor R13 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2. The base of transistor Q2 is connected in series with resistor R15, and then in four separate paths to one end of resistor RD3, the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA2, one end of electrolytic capacitor CA3, and pin 10 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor RD3 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor Q2, one end of resistor R21, and pin 1 of terminal P4. The other end of resistor R21 is connected to the collector of transistor Q3.After the base of transistor Q3 is connected in series with resistor R23 (23), it is split into four paths and connected to one end of resistor RD4 (4), the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA3 (3), one end of electrolytic capacitor CA4 (4), and pin 11 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor RD4 is split into three paths and connected to the emitter of transistor Q3 (3), one end of resistor R25 (25), and pin 2 of terminal P4. The other end of resistor R25 is connected to the collector of transistor Q8 (8). After the base of transistor Q8 is connected in series with resistor R27 (27), it is split into four paths and connected to one end of resistor RD5 (5), the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA4 (4), one end of electrolytic capacitor CA5 (5), and pin 12 of battery management chip U1. The other end of D5 is connected in three paths to the emitter of transistor Q8, one end of resistor R34, and pin 3 of terminal P4. The other end of resistor R34 is connected to the collector of transistor Q10. The base of transistor Q10 is connected in series with resistor R50, and then connected in four paths to one end of resistor RD6, the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA5, one end of electrolytic capacitor CA6, and pin 13 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor RD6 is connected in three paths to the emitter of transistor Q10, one end of resistor R51, and pin 4 of terminal P4. The other end of resistor R51 is connected to the collector of transistor Q11. After connecting the base of transistor 11 in series with resistor R53 (53), the circuit splits into four connections: one end of resistor RD7 (7), the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA6 (6), one end of electrolytic capacitor CA7 (7), and pin 14 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor RD7 is then split into three connections: the emitter of transistor Q11 (11), one end of resistor R55 (55), and pin 5 of terminal P4. The other end of resistor R55 is connected to the collector of transistor Q12 (12). After connecting the base of transistor Q12 in series with resistor R56 (56), the circuit splits into four connections: one end of resistor RD8 (8), the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA7 (7), one end of electrolytic capacitor CA8 (8), and pin 15 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor RD8 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor Q12, one end of resistor R59, and pin 6 of terminal P4. The other end of resistor R59 is connected to the collector of transistor Q13. The base of transistor Q13 is connected in series with resistor R60, and then connected in four separate paths to one end of resistor RD9, the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA8, one end of electrolytic capacitor CA9, and pin 16 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor RD9 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor Q13, one end of resistor R61, and pin 7 of terminal P4. The other end of resistor R61 is connected to the collector of transistor Q14.After the base of transistor Q14 is connected in series with resistor R62 (62), it is divided into five paths and connected to one end of resistor RD10, the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA9, one end of electrolytic capacitor CA10, the cathode of diode D15, and pin 17 of battery management chip U1. The other end of resistor RD10 is divided into three paths and connected to the emitter of transistor Q14, one end of resistor R63, and pin 8 of terminal P4. The other end of resistor R63 is connected to the collector of transistor Q15. After the base of transistor Q15 is connected in series with resistor R65 (65), it is divided into five paths and connected to one end of resistor RD11, the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA10, and one end of capacitor C21. The cathode of diode 14 (D14) and pin 18 of battery management chip U1 are connected. The other end of resistor 11 (RD11) is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 15 (Q15), one end of voltage divider resistor 2 (RB2), and pin 9 of terminal block 4 (P4). Pin 20 of battery management chip U1 is connected in three separate paths to one end of resistor 57 (R57), one end of capacitor 18 (C18), and one end of capacitor 19 (C19). Pin 21 of battery management chip U1 is connected in three separate paths to one end of resistor 58 (R58), the other end of capacitor 18 (C18), and one end of capacitor 20 (C20). Pin 22 of battery management chip U1 is connected in two separate paths to one end of thermistor 2 (NTC2) and one end of capacitor 10 (C10). Connect pin 23 of battery management chip U1 to one end of resistor 54R54. Pin 24 of battery management chip U1 is split into two paths, connected to one end of resistor 29R29 and one end of capacitor 11C11 respectively. The other end of resistor 29R29 is connected to one end of thermistor 1NTC1. Pin 27 of battery management chip U1 is split into two paths, connected to the VCC power supply terminal and one end of capacitor 8C8 respectively. Pin 29 of battery management chip U1 is split into eight paths, connected to one end of resistor 77R77, one end of resistor 84R84, one end of resistor 79R79, one end of resistor 80R80, one end of resistor 81R81, one end of resistor 119R119, and the power transistor 21Q21. The resistor is connected to the base of transistor Q34. The other end of resistor R77 is connected to the collector of transistor Q20. The emitter of Q20 is connected in three separate paths to one end of resistor R28, one end of resistor R36, and the cathode of Zener diode ZD5. The other end of resistor R28 is connected to the gate of MOSFET M6. The other end of resistor R84 is connected in four separate paths to the cathode of diode D16, one end of resistor R90, one end of resistor R114, and the emitter of transistor Q31. The anode of diode D16 is connected in two separate paths to the other end of resistor R114 and one end of capacitor C17.The other end of capacitor C17 is split into two paths, connected to one end of resistor R93 and the base of transistor Q32. The collector of transistor Q32, after being connected in series with resistor R115, is then split into two paths, connected to the other end of resistor R90 and the base of transistor Q31. The collector of transistor Q31, after being connected in series with resistor R70, is then split into two paths, connected to one end of resistor R94 and the gate of power transistor Q25. The drain of power transistor Q25, after being connected in series with shunt resistor RS16, is then connected to the cathode of diode D22. The other end of resistor R80 is connected to the cathode of diode D12. The anode of diode D12 is split into two paths, connected to the other end of resistor R81 and the anode of diode D6. The cathode of diode D6 is split into three paths, connected to the emitter of transistor Q33, one end of capacitor C16, and the cathode of Zener diode ZD2. The base of transistor Q33 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q34. The collector of transistor Q33 is connected to one end of resistor R118. The anode of Zener diode ZD2 is split into two paths, connected to the other end of resistor R81 and the anode of diode D12. One end of R83 is connected to the base of transistor Q30. The collector of transistor Q30 is connected in series with resistor R82, then splits into two paths, one connected to the other end of resistor R79 and the other to the gate of power transistor Q21. The drain of power transistor Q21 is connected in series with resistor R78 and then to the base of transistor Q20. Pin 30 of battery management chip U1 is connected in series with resistor R14, then splits into two paths, one connected to the emitter of transistor Q9 and one end of resistor R19. The other end of resistor R19 is split into two paths, one connected to the base of transistor Q9 and the other to resistor R19. One end of R24 is connected. The collector of transistor Q9 is connected to the anode of diode D9. The cathode of diode D9 is connected in three paths to one end of resistor R38, one end of resistor R39, and the cathode of Zener diode ZD6. The other end of resistor R38 is connected to the gate of MOSFET M3. The drain of MOSFET M3 is connected to the drain of MOSFET M2. The gate of MOSFET M2 is connected in series with resistor R47, and then in three paths to the cathode of Zener diode ZD11, one end of resistor R97, and resistor R113.Pin 19 of battery management chip U1, the other end of voltage divider resistor RB2, both ends of metal film resistor RJ1, both ends of shunt resistor RS1, the other end of thermistor NTC1, the other end of thermistor NTC2, the other end of resistor 24R24, the other end of resistor 30R30, the other end of resistor 36R36, the other end of resistor 39R39, the other end of resistor 54R54, the other end of resistor 57R57, the other end of resistor 58R58, the other end of resistor 83R83, the other end of resistor 93R93, the other end of resistor 94R94, the other end of resistor 97R97, the other end of resistor 118R118, the other end of resistor 119R119, the other end of resistor 122R122, the emitter of transistor 30Q30, the emitter of transistor 32Q32, and transistor 30... The emitter of Q37 (7), the collector of Q34 (34), the source and drain of M2 (2), the source and drain of M3 (3), the source and drain of M6 (6), the source of Q25 (25), the other end of capacitors C3 (3), C5 (5), C7 (7), C8 (8), C9 (9), C10 (10), C11 (11), C16 (16), C19 (19), C20 (20), C21 (21), the anode of Zener diode ZD1 (1), ZD5 (5), ZD6 (6), ZD11 (11), the anode of diode D1 (1), the anode of diode D14 (14), the anode of diode D15 (15), and the anode of diode D22 (22) are grounded.

[0015] The battery management chip U1 is model SH3676016BP. Battery management chip U1 is responsible for acquiring the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery pack, and outputs discharge and charge control signals through pins 29 and 30. Pins 2-19 are for voltage acquisition, pins 20-21 for current acquisition, and pins 22-24 for temperature acquisition. Pin 29 is the discharge MOS control signal, and pin 30 is the charge MOS control signal.

[0016] The load identification and CTLD control circuit, composed of Zener diode ZD3, resistors R121 and R122, transistor Q37, resistor R120, power transistor Q35, resistor R26, resistor R30, and capacitor C9, is a level conversion circuit. A high-level load-line input signal passes through Zener diode ZD3 and resistor R121, turning on transistor Q37, which in turn turns on power transistor Q35. CTLD is then pulled up to VCC-5V by resistor R26. Once CTLD reaches 5V, it controls pin 29 (DSG-O) of battery management chip U1 to output a 12V level.

[0017] The preamplifier delay shutdown circuit, composed of resistor R84, diode D16, resistor R114, capacitor C17, resistor R93, transistor Q32, resistor R115, resistor R90, transistor Q31, and resistor R70, utilizes the "DC-blocking, AC-passing" characteristic of capacitor C17. Because the voltage across the capacitor cannot change abruptly, when the DSG-O signal outputs 12V, capacitor C17 is charged instantaneously at the 12V output, which then turns on transistors Q32 and Q31. The PDSG-C outputs a high level of 12V (DSG-O voltage), turning on the preamplifier MOS Q25. As the capacitor voltage increases, the charging current gradually decreases until it is insufficient to turn on transistor Q32, subsequently turning off transistor Q31. The PDSG-C output stops, and the preamplifier MOS Q25 is turned off.

[0018] The charging time of capacitor C17 is: T = RC×ln( Vcc / (Vcc - Vt) )=100×103×2.2×10-6×ln( 12 / (12-11.4 )≈0.66s, that is, the turn-on time of the pre-discharge MOS Q25 is about 660ms.

[0019] The circuit consists of a discharge delay start-up circuit composed of resistor R80 (80), diode D12 (12), resistor R81 (81), diode D6 (6), transistor Q33 (33), transistor Q34 (34), resistor R118 (118), resistor R119 (119), capacitor C16 (16), Zener diode ZD2 (2), resistor R83 (83), transistor Q30 (30), resistor R82 (82), resistor R79 (79), power transistor Q21 (21), and resistor R78 (78). The discharge control circuit consists of resistor R77 (77) and transistor Q20 (20). The circuit utilizes the "DC-blocking, AC-passing" characteristic of capacitor C16. When the DSG-O signal outputs 12V, it instantly charges capacitor C16. However, due to the presence of Zener diode ZD2, the capacitor voltage must be greater than Vt to turn on transistor Q30, which in turn turns on power transistor Q21. DSG-Y outputs a high level of 12V (DSG-O voltage), which turns on preamplifier MOS Q20 and outputs to DSG-C, thereby controlling discharge MOS M6 to conduct.

[0020] However, when DSG-O shuts down for protection, the presence of capacitor 16C16 causes DSG-C to shut down very slowly, posing a risk. Therefore, transistors 33Q33 and 34Q34, along with resistors 118R118 and 119R119, are introduced to form a Darlington discharge transistor to accelerate the discharge of capacitor 16C16, thereby quickly turning off the discharge MOS. The process is as follows: When DSG-O is low, because capacitor 16C16 is still high, there is a voltage difference between pin 2 of transistor 33Q33, pin 1 of transistor 33Q33, pin 2 of transistor 34Q34, and pin 1 of transistor 34Q34. Transistors 33Q33 and 34Q34 will momentarily conduct, instantly discharging the charge in capacitor 16C16 through resistor 118R118.

[0021] Delay calculation: T = RC×ln(Vcc / (Vcc - Vt)), where R is the resistance of resistor R81 (470K), C is the capacitance of capacitor C16 (2.2uF), Vcc is approximately 12V, and Vt is the total voltage drop across pins 1 and 2 of Zener diode ZD2 and transistor Q30 (approximately 3.3V + 0.6V = 3.9V).

[0022] Therefore, the delay time = 470 × 10³ × 2.2 × 10⁻⁶ × ln( 12 / (12 - 3.9) ) ≈ 0.41s, which means the start-up is delayed by about 410ms. Since only the pre-discharge circuit is activated in the first 410ms, the sparking problem can be avoided.

[0023] This invention relates to circuits used in LEV (Light Electric Vehicle) systems such as electric scooters, electric bicycles, electric-assisted bicycles, and electric motorcycles. Only minor adjustments to key components are needed to adapt it to most systems; it allows for rapid modular development and is highly versatile.

[0024] This invention uses resistors and transistors to achieve pre-discharge control, avoiding sparks during insertion and removal, protecting the discharge port from damage, and achieving both rapid development and low cost. This invention boasts advantages such as extremely high reliability and independence, extremely fast response speed, strong functional stability, and simplified software complexity.

Claims

1. A purely hardware pre-discharge circuit suitable for LEV vehicles, comprising diodes, resistors, transistors, capacitors, a battery management chip, and terminals, characterized in that: The cathode of Zener diode ZD3 is connected to the high-voltage signal terminal. The anode of Zener diode ZD3 is connected in series with resistor 121 (R121), then splits into two paths connected to one end of resistor 122 (R122) and the base of transistor Q37. The collector of transistor Q37 is connected in two paths to one end of resistor 120 (R120) and the gate of power transistor Q35. The source of power transistor Q35 is connected in two paths to the other end of resistor 120 (R120) and the VCC power supply terminal. The drain of power transistor Q35 is connected in series with resistor 26 (R26), then splits into three paths connected to resistor 30 (R3... One end of capacitor 9 (C9) is connected to pin 28 of the battery management chip (U1). Pin 1 of the battery management chip (U1) is connected in three ways to the VBAT terminal, one end of capacitor 7 (C7), and one end of resistor 3 (R3). The other end of resistor 3 (R3) is connected in two ways to the cathodes of Zener diode 1 (ZD1) and diode 2 (D2). The anode of diode 2 (D2) is connected in two ways to one end of resistor 1 (R1) and one end of capacitor 5 (C5). The other end of resistor 1 (R1) is connected in three ways to the cathode of diode 1 (D1), one end of capacitor 1 (C1), and one end of voltage divider resistor 1 (RB1). The other end of (C1) is connected to one end of capacitor three (C3). The other end of voltage divider resistor one (RB1) is connected in three separate paths to pin 1 of terminal three (P3), one end of resistor sixteen (R16), and one end of resistor twelve (RD12). The other end of resistor twelve (RD12) is connected in two separate paths to one end of electrolytic capacitor fourteen (CA14) and pin 2 of battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor sixteen (R16) is connected to the collector of transistor twenty-two (Q22). After the base of transistor twenty-two (Q22) is connected in series with resistor thirty-one (R31), it is then connected in four separate paths to one end of resistor thirteen (RD13), the other end of electrolytic capacitor fourteen (CA14), and the collector of the capacitor. One end of the resistor is connected to one end of the electrolytic capacitor 15 (CA15) and pin 3 of the battery management chip (U1). The other end of the resistor 13 (RD13) is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of the transistor 22 (Q22), one end of the resistor 33 (R33), and pin 2 of terminal 3 (P3). The other end of the resistor 33 (R33) is connected to the collector of the transistor 23 (Q23). The base of the transistor 23 (Q23) is connected in series with the resistor 40 (R40), and then in four separate paths to one end of the resistor 14 (RD14), the other end of the electrolytic capacitor 15 (CA15), one end of the electrolytic capacitor 16 (CA16), and pin 4 of the battery management chip (U1).The other end of resistor 14 (RD14) is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 23 (Q23), one end of resistor 41 (R41), and pin 3 of terminal 3 (P3). The other end of resistor 41 (R41) is connected to the collector of transistor 24 (Q24). After resistor 42 (R42) is connected in series with the base of transistor 24 (Q24), it is then connected in four separate paths to one end of resistor 22 (RD22), the other end of electrolytic capacitor 16 (CA16), one end of electrolytic capacitor 11 (CA11), and pin 5 of the battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor 22 (RD22) is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 24 (Q24). One end of resistor 2 (R2) is connected to pin 4 of terminal 3 (P3). The other end of resistor 2 (R2) is connected to the collector of transistor 4 (Q4). The base of transistor 4 (Q4) is connected in series with resistor 4 (R4), and then splits into four paths connected to one end of resistor 23 (RD23), the other end of electrolytic capacitor 11 (CA11), one end of electrolytic capacitor 12 (CA12), and pin 6 of battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor 23 (RD23) is split into three paths connected to the emitter of transistor 4 (Q4), one end of resistor 35 (R35), and pin 5 of terminal 3 (P3). The other end of resistor 35 (R35) is connected to transistor 6 (Q6). The collector of transistor Q6 is connected in series with resistor R37. Then, the base of Q6 is connected in four separate paths to one end of resistor RD24, the other end of electrolytic capacitor CA12, one end of electrolytic capacitor CA13, and pin 7 of the battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor RD24 is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor Q6, one end of resistor R45, and pin 6 of terminal block P3. The other end of resistor R45 is connected to the collector of transistor Q17. The base of Q17 is connected in series with resistor R49, and then the four separate paths are connected to resistor R49. One end of resistor 1 (RD1), the other end of electrolytic capacitor 13 (CA13), one end of electrolytic capacitor 1 (CA1), and pin 8 of battery management chip (U1) are connected. The other end of resistor 1 (RD1) is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 17 (Q17), one end of resistor 8 (R8), and pin 7 of terminal block 3 (P3). The other end of resistor 8 (R8) is connected to the collector of transistor 1 (Q1). After resistor 11 (R11) is connected in series with the base of transistor 1 (Q1), it is then connected in four separate paths to one end of resistor 2 (RD2), the other end of electrolytic capacitor 1 (CA1), one end of electrolytic capacitor 2 (CA2), and pin 9 of battery management chip (U1).The other end of resistor 2 (RD2) is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 1 (Q1), one end of resistor 13 (R13), and pin 8 of terminal 3 (P3). The other end of resistor 13 (R13) is connected to the collector of transistor 2 (Q2). After connecting the base of transistor 2 (Q2) in series with resistor 15 (R15), it is then connected in four separate paths to one end of resistor 3 (RD3), the other end of electrolytic capacitor 2 (CA2), one end of electrolytic capacitor 3 (CA3), and pin 10 of the battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor 3 (RD3) is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 2 (Q2), one end of resistor 21 (R21), and pin 1 of terminal 4 (P4). The other end of resistor 11 (R21) is connected to the collector of transistor 3 (Q3). After the base of transistor 3 (Q3) is connected in series with resistor 23 (R23), it is divided into four paths and connected to one end of resistor 4 (RD4), the other end of electrolytic capacitor 3 (CA3), one end of electrolytic capacitor 4 (CA4), and pin 11 of the battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor 4 (RD4) is divided into three paths and connected to the emitter of transistor 3 (Q3), one end of resistor 25 (R25), and pin 2 of terminal 4 (P4). The other end of resistor 25 (R25) is connected to the collector of transistor 8 (Q8). After the base of transistor 8 (Q8) is connected in series with resistor 27 (R27), it is divided into four paths and connected to resistor 5 (R27). One end of resistor D5 is connected to the other end of electrolytic capacitor four (CA4), one end of electrolytic capacitor five (CA5), and pin 12 of battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor five (RD5) is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor eight (Q8), one end of resistor thirty-four (R34), and pin 3 of terminal four (P4). The other end of resistor thirty-four (R34) is connected to the collector of transistor ten (Q10). After connecting the base of transistor ten (Q10) in series with resistor fifty (R50), it is connected in four separate paths to one end of resistor six (RD6), the other end of electrolytic capacitor five (CA5), one end of electrolytic capacitor six (CA6), and pin 13 of battery management chip (U1). The other end of D6 is connected in three paths to the emitter of transistor 10 (Q10), one end of resistor 51 (R51), and pin 4 of terminal 4 (P4). The other end of resistor 51 (R51) is connected to the collector of transistor 11 (Q11). After connecting the base of transistor 11 (Q11) in series with resistor 53 (R53), it is connected in four paths to one end of resistor 7 (RD7), the other end of electrolytic capacitor 6 (CA6), one end of electrolytic capacitor 7 (CA7), and pin 14 of battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor 7 (RD7) is connected in three paths to the emitter of transistor 11 (Q11), one end of resistor 55 (R55), and pin 5 of terminal 4 (P4).The other end of resistor 55 (R55) is connected to the collector of transistor 12 (Q12). The base of transistor 12 (Q12) is connected in series with resistor 56 (R56), which then splits into four paths connected to one end of resistor 8 (RD8), the other end of electrolytic capacitor 7 (CA7), one end of electrolytic capacitor 8 (CA8), and pin 15 of the battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor 8 (RD8) is split into three paths connected to the emitter of transistor 12 (Q12), one end of resistor 59 (R59), and pin 6 of terminal 4 (P4). The other end of resistor 59 (R59) is connected to the collector of transistor 13 (Q13). The base of transistor 13 (Q13) is connected in series with resistor 60 (R6). After 0), it is divided into four paths and connected to one end of resistor 9 (RD9), the other end of electrolytic capacitor 8 (CA8), one end of electrolytic capacitor 9 (CA9), and pin 16 of battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor 9 (RD9) is divided into three paths and connected to the emitter of transistor 13 (Q13), one end of resistor 61 (R61), and pin 7 of terminal 4 (P4). The other end of resistor 61 (R61) is connected to the collector of transistor 14 (Q14). After connecting the base of transistor 14 (Q14) in series with resistor 62 (R62), it is divided into five paths and connected to one end of resistor 10 (RD10), the other end of electrolytic capacitor 9 (CA9), one end of electrolytic capacitor 10 (CA10), and pin 2. The cathode of diode 15 (D15) is connected to pin 17 of the battery management chip (U1). The other end of resistor 10 (RD10) is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 14 (Q14), one end of resistor 63 (R63), and pin 8 of terminal 4 (P4). The other end of resistor 63 (R63) is connected to the collector of transistor 15 (Q15). After connecting resistor 65 (R65) in series with the base of transistor 15 (Q15), the other end of resistor 11 (RD11), one end of electrolytic capacitor 10 (CA10), one end of capacitor 21 (C21), the cathode of diode 14 (D14), and pin 18 of the battery management chip (U1) are connected. The other end of pin 11 (RD11) is connected in three separate paths to the emitter of transistor 15 (Q15), one end of voltage divider resistor 2 (RB2), and pin 9 of terminal 4 (P4). Pin 20 of the battery management chip (U1) is connected in three separate paths to one end of resistor 57 (R57), one end of capacitor 18 (C18), and one end of capacitor 19 (C19). Pin 21 of the battery management chip (U1) is connected in three separate paths to one end of resistor 58 (R58), the other end of capacitor 18 (C18), and one end of capacitor 20 (C20). Pin 22 of the battery management chip (U1) is connected in two separate paths to one end of thermistor 2 (NTC2) and one end of capacitor 10 (C10).Pin 23 of the battery management chip (U1) is connected to one end of resistor 54 (R54). Pin 24 of the battery management chip (U1) is connected in two paths to one end of resistor 29 (R29) and one end of capacitor 11 (C11). The other end of resistor 29 (R29) is connected to one end of thermistor 1 (NTC1). Pin 27 of the battery management chip (U1) is connected in two paths to the VCC power supply terminal and one end of capacitor 8 (C8). Pin 29 of the battery management chip (U1) is connected in eight paths to one end of resistor 77 (R77), one end of resistor 84 (R84), one end of resistor 79 (R79), one end of resistor 80 (R80), and one end of resistor 81 (R77). One end of resistor 81, one end of resistor 119 (R119), the source of power transistor 21 (Q21), and the base of transistor 34 (Q34) are connected. The other end of resistor 77 (R77) is connected to the collector of transistor 20 (Q20). The emitter of transistor 20 (Q20) is connected in three separate paths to one end of resistor 28 (R28), one end of resistor 36 (R36), and the cathode of Zener diode 5 (ZD5). ​​The other end of resistor 28 (R28) is connected to the gate of MOSFET 6 (M6). The other end of resistor 84 (R84) is connected in four separate paths to the cathode of diode 16 (D16), one end of resistor 90 (R90), and one end of resistor 114 (R114). One end of diode 16 (D16) is connected to the emitter of transistor 31 (Q31). The anode of diode 16 (D16) is connected in two paths to the other end of resistor 114 (R114) and one end of capacitor 17 (C17). The other end of capacitor 17 (C17) is connected in two paths to one end of resistor 93 (R93) and the base of transistor 32 (Q32). The collector of transistor 32 (Q32) is connected in series with resistor 115 (R115), and then in two paths to the other end of resistor 90 (R90) and the base of transistor 31 (Q31). The collector of transistor 31 (Q31) is connected in series with resistor 70 (R70), and then in two paths to one end of resistor 94 (R94). The gate of power transistor 25 (Q25) is connected to the terminal of the diode. The drain of power transistor 25 (Q25) is connected in series with shunt resistor 16 (RS16) and then to the cathode of diode 22 (D22). The other end of resistor 80 (R80) is connected to the cathode of diode 12 (D12). The anode of diode 12 (D12) is split into two paths, connected to the other end of resistor 81 (R81) and the anode of diode 6 (D6). The cathode of diode 6 (D6) is split into three paths, connected to the emitter of transistor 33 (Q33), one end of capacitor 16 (C16), and the cathode of Zener diode 2 (ZD2). The base of transistor 33 (Q33) is connected to the emitter of transistor 34 (Q34).The collector of transistor 33 (Q33) is connected to one end of resistor 118 (R118). The anode of Zener diode 2 (ZD2) is connected in two paths to one end of resistor 83 (R83) and the base of transistor 30 (Q30). The collector of transistor 30 (Q30) is connected in series with resistor 82 (R82), and then in two paths to the other end of resistor 79 (R79) and the gate of power transistor 21 (Q21). The drain of power transistor 21 (Q21) is connected in series with resistor 78 (R78) and then to the base of transistor 20 (Q20). Pin 30 of the battery management chip (U1) is connected in series with resistor 14 (R14), and then in two paths to the emitter of transistor 9 (Q9) and one end of resistor 19 (R19). The other end of 9) is split into two paths, connected to the base of transistor 9 (Q9) and one end of resistor 24 (R24). The collector of transistor 9 (Q9) is connected to the anode of diode 9 (D9). The cathode of diode 9 (D9) is split into three paths, connected to one end of resistor 38 (R38), one end of resistor 39 (R39), and the cathode of Zener diode 6 (ZD6). The other end of resistor 38 (R38) is connected to the gate of MOSFET 3 (M3). The drain of MOSFET 3 (M3) is connected to the drain of MOSFET 2 (M2). The gate of MOSFET 2 (M2) is connected in series with resistor 47 (R47), and then splits into three paths, connected to the cathode of Zener diode 11 (ZD11), one end of resistor 97 (R97), and resistor 113 (R113).Pin 19 of the battery management chip (U1), the other end of voltage divider resistor 2 (RB2), both ends of the metal film resistor (RJ1), both ends of shunt resistor 1 (RS1), the other end of thermistor 1 (NTC1), the other end of thermistor 2 (NTC2), the other end of resistor 24 (R24), the other end of resistor 30 (R30), the other end of resistor 36 (R36), the other end of resistor 39 (R39), the other end of resistor 54 (R54), and resistor 57 (R5... 7) the other end, the other end of resistor 58 (R58), the other end of resistor 83 (R83), the other end of resistor 93 (R93), the other end of resistor 94 (R94), the other end of resistor 97 (R97), the other end of resistor 118 (R118), the other end of resistor 119 (R119), the other end of resistor 122 (R122), the emitter of transistor 30 (Q30), the emitter of transistor 32 (Q32), the emitter of transistor 37 (Q The emitter of transistor 37), the collector of transistor 34 (Q34), the source and drain of MOSFET 2 (M2), the source and drain of MOSFET 3 (M3), the source and drain of MOSFET 6 (M6), the source of power transistor 25 (Q25), the other end of capacitor 3 (C3), the other end of capacitor 5 (C5), the other end of capacitor 7 (C7), the other end of capacitor 8 (C8), the other end of capacitor 9 (C9), the other end of capacitor 10 (C10), the other end of capacitor 11 (C11), and the other end of capacitor... The other ends of capacitors 16 (C16), 19 (C19), 20 (C20), and 21 (C21), the anode of Zener diode 1 (ZD1), the anode of Zener diode 5 (ZD5), the anode of Zener diode 6 (ZD6), the anode of Zener diode 11 (ZD11), the anode of diode 1 (D1), the anode of diode 14 (D14), the anode of diode 15 (D15), and the anode of diode 22 (D22) are grounded.

2. The pure hardware pre-discharge circuit for LEV vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery management chip (U1) is model number SH3676016BP.

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