Multifunction charging circuit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multifunctional charging circuit, belong to electric energy conversion technical field, including, voltage stabilizing module, first boost module, rectifier module, second boost module, direct current-direct current conversion module and power switching module;The first end of voltage stabilizing module is connected with first input voltage, the second end of voltage stabilizing module is connected with the first end of first boost module, the second end of first boost module is connected with the first end of rectifier module, the second end of rectifier module is connected with the first end of second boost module, the second end of second boost module is connected with the first end of direct current-direct current conversion module, the second end of direct current-direct current conversion module is connected with output voltage, the third end of second boost module is connected with the first end of power switching module, the second end of power switching module is connected with second input voltage.The utility model can integrate ac and dc double inputs, seamless switching function and simple structure, ensure that under various input conditions, stable voltage can be provided for load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power conversion technology, and in particular to a multifunctional charging circuit. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, on-board charging systems face multiple technical challenges, including multi-input source adaptation, efficient energy conversion, and safety and reliability. Traditional on-board charging circuits typically employ a single input mode, making them unable to simultaneously meet the dual requirements of AC charging piles and DC fast charging piles. While some dual-input charging solutions exist in existing technologies, they generally suffer from complex circuit structures, low conversion efficiency, and slow input switching response. Especially in AC / DC mixed input scenarios, additional mechanical switches or complex control circuits are often required to achieve power switching, which not only increases system costs but also reduces reliability.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an on-board charging circuit solution that can integrate AC and DC dual inputs, has intelligent seamless switching function, and has a simple structure. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a multi-functional charging circuit that integrates AC and DC dual inputs, has intelligent seamless switching function, and has a simple structure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A multi-functional charging circuit includes a voltage regulator module, a first boost module, a rectifier module, a second boost module, a DC-DC converter module, and a power switching module. The first terminal of the voltage regulator module is connected to the first input voltage. The second terminal of the voltage regulator module is connected to the first terminal of the first boost module. The second terminal of the first boost module is connected to the first terminal of the rectifier module. The second terminal of the rectifier module is connected to the first terminal of the second boost module. The second terminal of the second boost module is connected to the first terminal of the DC-DC converter module. The second terminal of the DC-DC converter module is connected to the output voltage. The third terminal of the second boost module is connected to the first terminal of the power switching module. The second terminal of the power switching module is connected to the second input voltage.

[0006] Optionally, the voltage regulator module includes: a first diode, a second diode, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor; The cathode of the first diode is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor, the second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor, the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the cathode of the second diode, and the anode of the second diode is connected to the anode of the first diode. The anode of the first diode and the second terminal of the first capacitor constitute the first terminal of the voltage regulator module, and the first terminal of the second capacitor and the anode of the second diode constitute the second terminal of the voltage regulator module.

[0007] Optionally, the first boost module includes: a first inductor, a second inductor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch; The first end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the third capacitor, the first end of the first switch, and the first end of the third switch. The second end of the third capacitor is connected to the first end of the second switch and the first end of the fourth capacitor. The second end of the first switch is connected to the second end of the second switch. The second end of the third switch is connected to the second end of the fourth switch. The first end of the fourth switch is connected to the second end of the fourth capacitor and the first end of the second inductor. The first end of the first inductor and the second end of the third capacitor constitute the first end of the first boost module. The second end of the second inductor and the first end of the fourth capacitor constitute the second end of the first boost module.

[0008] Optionally, the second boost module includes: a third inductor, a fifth switch, a seventh diode, and a fifth capacitor; The first end of the third inductor is connected to the first end of the fifth switch and the anode of the seventh diode. The second end of the fifth switch is connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor. The second end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the seventh diode. The second end of the third inductor and the second end of the fifth switch constitute the first end of the second boost module. The cathode of the seventh diode and the first end of the fifth capacitor constitute the second end of the second boost module. The anode of the seventh diode and the second end of the fifth capacitor constitute the third end of the second boost module.

[0009] Optionally, the power switching module includes: an eighth diode; The cathode of the eighth diode and the negative terminal of the second input voltage form the first terminal of the power switching module, and the anode of the eighth diode and the negative terminal of the second input voltage form the second terminal of the power switching module.

[0010] Optionally, the rectifier module includes: a full-bridge rectifier circuit structure, a full-wave rectifier circuit structure, or a voltage doubler rectifier circuit structure.

[0011] Optionally, the DC-DC conversion module includes: an isolated DC-DC converter; the isolated DC-DC converter includes: a full-bridge converter circuit structure, a half-bridge converter circuit structure, or a flyback converter circuit structure.

[0012] Optionally, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch may include an N-type MOSFET.

[0013] Optionally, the first terminals of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth switches are all drain terminals, and the second terminals of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth switches are all source terminals.

[0014] Optionally, the first input voltage is an AC power supply, and the second input voltage is a DC power supply.

[0015] The multi-functional charging circuit provided in this application effectively solves the problem of high redundancy in traditional AC / DC dual-input systems by optimizing the integration of a voltage regulator module, a dual boost module, and a rectifier module, thus achieving efficient sharing of hardware resources. Secondly, the intelligent power switching module composed of semiconductor switches achieves seamless switching at the microsecond level, completely eliminating the defects of mechanical switches such as arc interference, short lifespan, and slow response. In addition, the multi-functional charging circuit provided in this application significantly simplifies system complexity through modular design, greatly reducing manufacturing costs and improving system reliability while ensuring automatic AC / DC identification and smooth switching, perfectly meeting the high efficiency and intelligence requirements of modern new energy vehicles for charging systems.

[0016] To make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the utility model more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments are described below, and detailed descriptions are provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A block diagram of the multi-functional charging circuit provided in this application.

[0018] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a first specific embodiment of the multifunctional charging circuit provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives and technical solutions of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0020] This application provides a multi-functional charging circuit; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 1 A block diagram of the multi-functional charging circuit provided in this application. The multi-functional charging circuit includes: a voltage regulator module 11, a first boost module 12, a rectifier module 13, a second boost module 14, a DC-DC converter module 15, and a power switching module 16. The first terminal of the voltage regulator module 11 is connected to the first input voltage V. in1 The second terminal of the voltage regulator module 11 is connected to the first terminal of the first boost module 12. The second terminal of the first boost module 12 is connected to the first terminal of the rectifier module 13. The second terminal of the rectifier module 13 is connected to the first terminal of the second boost module 14. The second terminal of the second boost module 14 is connected to the first terminal of the DC-DC converter module 15. The second terminal of the DC-DC converter module 15 is connected to the output voltage V.out The third terminal of the second boost module 14 is connected to the first terminal of the power switching module 16, and the second terminal of the power switching module 16 is connected to the second input voltage V. in2 .

[0021] As an example, the output voltage V out Connect to the load battery.

[0022] As an example, the first input voltage V in1 It is an AC power source.

[0023] As an example, the second input voltage V in2 It is a DC power supply.

[0024] The multi-functional charging circuit provided in this application effectively solves the problem of high redundancy in traditional AC / DC dual-input systems by optimizing the integration of a voltage regulator module, a dual boost module, and a rectifier module, thus achieving efficient sharing of hardware resources. Secondly, the intelligent power switching module composed of semiconductor switches achieves seamless switching at the microsecond level, completely eliminating the defects of mechanical switches such as arc interference, short lifespan, and slow response. In addition, the multi-functional charging circuit provided in this application significantly simplifies system complexity through modular design, greatly reducing manufacturing costs and improving system reliability while ensuring automatic AC / DC identification and smooth switching, perfectly meeting the high efficiency and intelligence requirements of modern new energy vehicles for charging systems.

[0025] For example, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a first specific embodiment of the multi-functional charging circuit provided in this application. The voltage regulator module 11 includes: a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2. The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1, the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor C2, the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1. The anode of the first diode D1 and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 constitute the first terminal of the voltage regulator module 11, and the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the anode of the second diode D2 constitute the second terminal of the voltage regulator module 11.

[0026] The first boost module 12 includes: a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, and a fourth switch S4. The first terminal of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first terminals of the third capacitor C3, the first terminals of the first switch S1, and the third switch S3. The second terminal of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the first terminals of the second switch S2 and the fourth capacitor C4. The second terminal of the first switch S1 is connected to the second terminal of the second switch S2. The second terminal of the third switch S3 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth switch S4. The first terminal of the fourth switch S4 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 and the first terminal of the second inductor L2. The first terminal of the first inductor L1 and the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 constitute the first terminal of the first boost module 12, and the second terminal of the second inductor L2 and the first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 constitute the second terminal of the first boost module 12.

[0027] The rectifier module 13 includes a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, and a sixth diode D6. The anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the fifth diode D5, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4, the anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the sixth diode D6, and the anode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the anode of the fifth diode D5. The anode of the third diode D3 and the cathode of the sixth diode D6 form the first terminal of the rectifier module 13, and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 and the anode of the sixth diode D6 form the second terminal of the rectifier module 13.

[0028] The second boost module 14 includes: a third inductor L3, a fifth switch S5, a seventh diode D7, and a fifth capacitor C5. The first terminal of the third inductor L3 is connected to the first terminal of the fifth switch S5 and the anode of the seventh diode D7. The second terminal of the fifth switch S5 is connected to the first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5, and the second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the cathode of the seventh diode D7. The second terminal of the third inductor L3 and the second terminal of the fifth switch S5 constitute the first terminal of the second boost module 14. The cathode of the seventh diode D7 and the first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 constitute the second terminal of the second boost module 14. The anode of the seventh diode D7 and the second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 constitute the third terminal of the second boost module 14.

[0029] The power switching module 16 includes an eighth diode D8. The cathode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the second input voltage V. in2 The negative terminal forms the first terminal of the power switching module 16, and the anode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the second input voltage V. in2 The negative terminal forms the second terminal of the power switching module 16.

[0030] As an example, the DC-DC converter module 15 may include an isolated DC-DC converter. The isolated DC-DC converter may include a full-bridge converter structure, a half-bridge converter structure, or a flyback converter structure, etc., and is not limited to the cases presented in this application.

[0031] As an example, the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4, and the fifth switch S5 include: N-type MOSFETs.

[0032] As an example, the first terminals of the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4, and the fifth switch S5 are all drain terminals, and the second terminals of the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4, and the fifth switch S5 are all source terminals.

[0033] The following will continue to combine Figure 2 This paper describes the working principle of this application.

[0034] As an example, in the voltage regulator module 11, when the first input voltage V in1 During input, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 form a voltage divider filter structure, significantly improving the electromagnetic interference (EMI) immunity of the multi-functional charging circuit; the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 form a bidirectional voltage clamping structure, which clamps the first input voltage V. in1 Voltage regulation is performed to initially stabilize the voltage input to subsequent modules, providing a stable base voltage for subsequent boosting and other operations. Within the normal input voltage range, such as 85V-265V, both the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are in reverse-biased cutoff state, and the voltage regulator module 11 only performs filtering functions, resulting in extremely low power consumption. Under surge impact conditions, such as when the first input voltage V... in1 When the transient voltage is ±500V, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 conduct within nanoseconds, and the clamping voltage stabilizes within a safe range.

[0035] In the first boost module 12, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2, along with the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4, alternately turn on and off. Utilizing the energy storage of inductors and the charging and discharging characteristics of capacitors, the input voltage is boosted, ultimately outputting a relatively stable AC power. When the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are on, and the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are off, the input voltage is applied across the first inductor L1. The first inductor L1 begins to store energy, and the current gradually increases. At this time, the third capacitor C3 also charges, preparing for subsequent energy release. When the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are on, and the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are off, a back electromotive force is generated across the first inductor L1 because the current cannot change abruptly. This back electromotive force is superimposed on the input voltage and releases energy to the second inductor L2 and the fourth capacitor C4 through the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4. The second inductor L2 further stores energy, and the fourth capacitor C4 charges, thereby increasing the output voltage. By repeatedly turning the switch on and off, the inductor and capacitor in the first boost module 12 continuously cycle through energy storage and release, enabling the first boost module 12 to achieve efficient voltage boosting, ensuring the stability of the output AC power, and continuously outputting a relatively stable AC power to provide a suitable input voltage for the subsequent rectifier module 13.

[0036] The rectifier module 13 is a full-bridge rectifier circuit structure that converts the input AC power into DC power. At the same time, due to the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, it can effectively prevent reverse current, ensuring the unidirectionality and stability of the output DC power, and providing a suitable input voltage for the subsequent second boost module 14.

[0037] In the second boost module 14, the energy storage and release of the third inductor L3 are adjusted by controlling the on and off states of the fifth switch S5, thereby controlling the output voltage. When the fifth switch S5 is on, the input voltage is applied across the third inductor L3, causing it to begin storing energy and the current to gradually increase. Simultaneously, the seventh diode D7 is cut off due to reverse voltage, and the fifth capacitor C5 maintains its previously stored voltage, providing voltage for subsequent modules. When the fifth switch S5 is off, the current in the third inductor L3 cannot change abruptly, generating a reverse electromotive force (EMF). This EMF is superimposed on the input voltage, causing the voltage across the third inductor L3 to rise. At this time, the seventh diode D7 conducts forward, and the third inductor L3 releases its stored energy, which, along with the input voltage, charges the fifth capacitor C5, providing a suitable input voltage for the subsequent DC-DC converter module 15, thus increasing the DC voltage. Furthermore, using two boost modules effectively solves the problem of high redundancy in traditional AC / DC dual-input systems.

[0038] Furthermore, the DC-DC converter module 15 receives the DC voltage output from the second boost module 14 and performs precise voltage regulation and stabilization, ultimately outputting a high-precision, low-ripple output voltage V that meets the requirements of the load battery. out It supplies power to the load battery.

[0039] Furthermore, the multi-functional charging circuit provided in this application may also include a power switching module 16, which receives a second input voltage V. in2 It provides DC power to the multi-functional charging circuit.

[0040] When the multi-function charging circuit is only connected to the first input voltage V in1 The second input voltage V was not connected. in2 At that time, the rectifier module 13 converts the first input voltage V in1 The input voltage is converted to DC by the second boost module 14. After boosting and filtering by the second boost module 14, the required output voltage V is provided by the DC-DC converter module 15. out .

[0041] When the multi-functional charging circuit is not connected to the first input voltage V in1 Only the second input voltage V is connected. in2 At this time, the rectifier module 13 does not provide DC power, and the power switching module 16 is connected to the second input voltage V. in2 Turning on the eighth diode D8 allows the required output voltage V to be provided directly through the DC-DC converter module 15. out .

[0042] When the multi-functional charging circuit is simultaneously connected to the first input voltage V in1 and the second input voltage V in2 At that time, the DC power after boosting and filtering by the second boost module 14 is compared with the second input voltage V. in2 The anode of the seventh diode D7 and the cathode of the eighth diode D8 meet at the junction. To avoid reverse current charging and power supply conflicts in the multi-functional charging circuit, a second input voltage V is set. in2 Higher than the first input voltage V in1 After rectification, the DC power is switched on by diodes according to the principle of high potential priority. Diode D8 is the eighth diode and the second input voltage V is connected to the power switching module 16. in2 The main power supply provides the required output voltage V through the DC-DC converter module 15. out Ensure output voltage V out It remains stable.

[0043] As another example, the rectifier module 13 may also include a full-wave rectifier circuit structure or a voltage doubler rectifier circuit structure, etc., and is not limited to the cases proposed in this application.

[0044] The multi-functional charging circuit provided in this application effectively solves the problem of high redundancy in traditional AC / DC dual-input systems by optimizing the integration of a voltage regulator module, a dual boost module, and a rectifier module, thus achieving efficient sharing of hardware resources. Secondly, the intelligent power switching module composed of semiconductor switches achieves seamless switching at the microsecond level, completely eliminating the defects of mechanical switches such as arc interference, short lifespan, and slow response. In addition, the multi-functional charging circuit provided in this application significantly simplifies system complexity through modular design, greatly reducing manufacturing costs and improving system reliability while ensuring automatic AC / DC identification and smooth switching, perfectly meeting the high efficiency and intelligence requirements of modern new energy vehicles for charging systems.

[0045] In summary, the circuit in this embodiment can achieve stable power supply under multiple input modes. Through the coordinated work of different modules, it ensures that a stable voltage can be provided to the load under various input conditions.

[0046] Although this application has been disclosed above with reference to embodiments, it is not intended to limit this application. Anyone skilled in the art may make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional charging circuit, characterized in that, It includes a voltage regulator module, a first boost module, a rectifier module, a second boost module, a DC-DC converter module, and a power switching module; The first terminal of the voltage regulator module is connected to the first input voltage. The second terminal of the voltage regulator module is connected to the first terminal of the first boost module. The second terminal of the first boost module is connected to the first terminal of the rectifier module. The second terminal of the rectifier module is connected to the first terminal of the second boost module. The second terminal of the second boost module is connected to the first terminal of the DC-DC converter module. The second terminal of the DC-DC converter module is connected to the output voltage. The third terminal of the second boost module is connected to the first terminal of the power switching module. The second terminal of the power switching module is connected to the second input voltage.

2. The multi-functional charging circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulator module includes: a first diode, a second diode, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor; The cathode of the first diode is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor, the second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor, the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the cathode of the second diode, and the anode of the second diode is connected to the anode of the first diode. The anode of the first diode and the second terminal of the first capacitor constitute the first terminal of the voltage regulator module, and the first terminal of the second capacitor and the anode of the second diode constitute the second terminal of the voltage regulator module.

3. The multifunctional charging circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first boost module includes: a first inductor, a second inductor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch; The first end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the third capacitor, the first end of the first switch, and the first end of the third switch. The second end of the third capacitor is connected to the first end of the second switch and the first end of the fourth capacitor. The second end of the first switch is connected to the second end of the second switch. The second end of the third switch is connected to the second end of the fourth switch. The first end of the fourth switch is connected to the second end of the fourth capacitor and the first end of the second inductor. The first end of the first inductor and the second end of the third capacitor constitute the first end of the first boost module. The second end of the second inductor and the first end of the fourth capacitor constitute the second end of the first boost module.

4. The multifunctional charging circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second boost module includes: a third inductor, a fifth switch, a seventh diode, and a fifth capacitor; The first end of the third inductor is connected to the first end of the fifth switch and the anode of the seventh diode. The second end of the fifth switch is connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor. The second end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the seventh diode. The second end of the third inductor and the second end of the fifth switch constitute the first end of the second boost module. The cathode of the seventh diode and the first end of the fifth capacitor constitute the second end of the second boost module. The anode of the seventh diode and the second end of the fifth capacitor constitute the third end of the second boost module.

5. The multi-functional charging circuit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The power switching module includes: an eighth diode; The cathode of the eighth diode and the negative terminal of the second input voltage form the first terminal of the power switching module, and the anode of the eighth diode and the negative terminal of the second input voltage form the second terminal of the power switching module.

6. The multifunctional charging circuit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The rectifier module includes: a full-bridge rectifier circuit structure, a full-wave rectifier circuit structure, or a voltage doubler rectifier circuit structure.

7. The multifunctional charging circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The DC-DC conversion module includes: an isolated DC-DC converter; the isolated DC-DC converter includes: a full-bridge converter circuit structure, a half-bridge converter circuit structure, or a flyback converter circuit structure.

8. The multifunctional charging circuit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch include: N-type MOSFETs.

9. The multifunctional charging circuit as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first terminals of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth switches are all drain terminals, and the second terminals of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth switches are all source terminals.

10. The multifunctional charging circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first input voltage is an AC power supply, and the second input voltage is a DC power supply.

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