Waterproof closing structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to power motor technical field, especially a waterproof closing structure, including motor body, closing end cover and fixed main shaft, the motor body is provided with the shell, the shell is provided with the accommodation cavity, the fixed snap ring is provided at the port department of accommodation cavity, one side of fixed snap ring and the inner wall of accommodation cavity form right angle step, the fixed main shaft sets up in the fixed end of motor body, the section shape of closing end cover is trumpet -shaped, the outer diameter of closing end cover sets up on right angle step, the shaft center of closing end cover is provided with sealed connecting portion, sealed connecting portion is provided with sealing element, the inner periphery of sealing element is used for sealing abutting fixed main shaft's outer diameter. The utility model through static sealing and dynamic sealing combination's multiple sealing strategy, and supplement with firm positioning structure, has realized the high -grade waterproof dustproof target under the complex environment of wheel hub motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power motor technology, and in particular to a waterproof sealing structure. Background Technology

[0002] As a key power component in electric vehicles, electric bicycles, and other mobile vehicles, hub motors are often directly exposed to complex external environments such as rain, mud, and dust. Their sealing performance directly affects the motor's reliability and service life. Traditional hub motor end seals often employ a simple structure of a flat end cap with an O-ring or oil seal, which can meet basic protection requirements under static or low-speed conditions. However, under dynamic conditions such as high-speed rotation, road bumps, and temperature changes, this structure is prone to loosening of the sealing interface due to vibration, impact, material aging, or assembly errors. This can lead to problems such as water leakage and dust ingress, severely affecting the normal operation of the motor's internal circuitry, bearings, and windings.

[0003] Especially with the expanding application scenarios of hub motors, users are demanding higher waterproof and dustproof ratings for the motors, with IP67 or even higher levels of protection becoming an industry trend. In existing sealing solutions, the end cap and housing often rely on bolt tightening for sealing, which is not only bulky and complex to assemble, but also prone to stress relaxation under long-term alternating loads, leading to a decrease in sealing pressure. Furthermore, the dynamic sealing parts of the main shaft often use a single lip seal, which is prone to wear and hardening under high-speed and alternating high- and low-temperature environments, resulting in a limited sealing life and failing to meet the usage requirements throughout the entire vehicle's lifecycle.

[0004] Therefore, the industry urgently needs a wheel hub motor waterproof sealing structure that is structurally sound, reliably sealed, easy to assemble, and suitable for mass production, capable of achieving long-term and stable static and dynamic dual sealing under harsh working conditions, thereby improving the overall environmental adaptability and operational safety of the machine. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above problems, this utility model adopts a multi-sealing strategy that combines static and dynamic sealing, and is supplemented by a stable positioning structure, to achieve a waterproof sealing structure that meets the high-level waterproof and dustproof requirements of hub motors in complex environments.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a waterproof sealing structure, including a motor body, a sealing end cover, and a fixed spindle. The motor body is provided with a shell, the shell is provided with a mounting cavity, and a fixing ring is provided at the port of the mounting cavity. One side of the fixing ring forms a right-angle step with the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The fixed spindle is provided at the fixed end of the motor body. The cross-sectional shape of the sealing end cover is trumpet-shaped. The outer diameter of the sealing end cover is set on the right-angle step. A sealing connection part is provided at the axis of the sealing end cover. The sealing connection part is provided with a sealing element. The inner circumference of the sealing element is used to seal against the outer diameter of the fixed spindle.

[0007] A further improvement to the above scheme is that a drive motor and a fixed base are provided inside the placement cavity, a rotating connecting element is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed base, and the fixed base is installed in the placement cavity through the rotating connecting element, and the drive motor is mounted on the fixed base.

[0008] A further improvement to the above scheme is that a fixing slot is provided at the port of the placement cavity, the fixing ring is disposed in the fixing slot, a connecting step is formed between the lower surface of the fixing ring and the wall of the placement cavity, and the outer periphery of the rotating connecting element is disposed on the connecting step.

[0009] A further improvement to the above solution is that a connecting boss is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed base, and two rotating connecting elements are provided, with the two ends of the connecting boss respectively connected to the two rotating connecting elements.

[0010] A further improvement to the above solution is that a transmission cavity is provided inside the fixed base, a transmission component is provided inside the transmission cavity, the drive motor is provided with a drive spindle, and one end of the drive spindle extends into the transmission cavity and is drivenly connected to the transmission component.

[0011] A further improvement to the above solution is that a transmission gear ring is provided inside the mounting cavity, and the inner circumference of the transmission gear ring is connected to the transmission assembly to drive the outer shell to rotate under the action of the drive motor.

[0012] A further improvement to the above solution is that a connecting platform is provided at the end of the fixed base, and a fixed connecting ring is provided on the fixed spindle, and the fixed spindle is fixedly connected to the connecting platform through the fixed connecting ring.

[0013] A further improvement to the above solution is that the connecting platform is provided with an assembly positioning groove, and the fixed connecting ring is provided with an assembly positioning boss. The assembly positioning boss is used to cooperate with the assembly positioning groove to position the installation position of the fixed spindle.

[0014] A further improvement to the above solution is that the end cap is provided with a clearance groove, which is used to prevent clearance during the installation of the fixed connecting ring.

[0015] A further improvement to the above solution is that the fixed base is provided with a wiring channel, one end of which is connected to the drive motor and the other end extends to the fixed spindle. The fixed spindle is provided with a wiring through hole, one end of which is connected to the wiring channel.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] Compared to existing hub motors, the flared end cap and the right-angle step at the mounting cavity port of this invention form the first core waterproof barrier. The outer diameter edge of the end cap sits precisely on the right-angle step formed by the retaining ring and the inner wall of the mounting cavity, achieving a large-area flange-type planar seal and effectively preventing the intrusion of external liquids along the radial direction of the outer shell. The unique flared shape not only facilitates alignment during installation, but its expanded opening also better adapts to the internal space of the hub, and plays a dual role in guiding and blocking splashed water or mud. The sealing connection at the shaft center and its built-in seal form a clearly defined second dynamic sealing defense. The seal directly and tightly abuts against the outer diameter of the fixed spindle, specifically designed to solve the dynamic sealing of the rotating shaft, effectively preventing moisture, dust, and other contaminants from seeping into the precision components inside the motor along the spindle gap, improving the motor's operational reliability and service life under harsh conditions such as humidity and dust. The integrated design of the retaining ring and the right-angle step provides a stable mounting base and axial positioning for the end cap. This design ensures that the end cap will not shift or loosen under vehicle vibration and spindle torque impact, guaranteeing the long-term stability of the sealing interface. Centralizing the sealing function in the end cap assembly simplifies the motor assembly process and facilitates individual seal replacement during future maintenance, significantly reducing maintenance costs and time. This invention achieves a high level of waterproofing and dustproofing for hub motors in complex environments through a multi-seal strategy combining static and dynamic sealing, supplemented by a robust positioning structure. It boasts significant advantages such as compact structure, reliable sealing, and high durability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the waterproof sealing structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded view of the waterproof sealing structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Front view of the waterproof sealing structure; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view of AA.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Motor body 1, Housing 11, Housing cavity 12, Fixing slot 121, Transmission gear ring 122, Fixing ring 13, End cap 2, Sealing connection part 21, Seal 22, Clearance groove 23, Fixing spindle 3, Fixing connecting ring 31, Assembly positioning boss 311, Wiring through hole 32, Drive motor 4, Drive spindle 41, Fixing base 5, Rotary connecting element 51, Connecting boss 52, Transmission cavity 53, Transmission assembly 531, Connecting platform 54, Assembly positioning groove 541, Wiring channel 55. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0021] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0023] like Figures 1-4As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, a waterproof sealing structure is provided, including a motor body 1, a sealing end cap 2, and a fixed spindle 3. The motor body 1 is provided with a housing 11, and the housing 11 is provided with a mounting cavity 12. A fixing ring 13 is provided at the port of the mounting cavity 12. One side of the fixing ring 13 forms a right-angle step with the inner wall of the mounting cavity 12. The fixed spindle 3 is located at the fixed end of the motor body 1. The cross-section of the sealing end cap 2 is trumpet-shaped. The outer diameter of the sealing end cap 2 is located on the right-angle step. A sealing connection part 21 is provided at the axis of the sealing end cap 2. The sealing connection part 21 is provided with a sealing element 22. The inner circumference of the sealing element 22 is used to seal against the outer diameter of the fixed spindle 3. In this embodiment, the cooperation between the trumpet-shaped sealing end cap 2 and the right-angle step at the port of the mounting cavity 12 constitutes the first core waterproof barrier. The outer diameter edge of the end cap 2 is precisely positioned on the right-angle step formed by the retaining ring 13 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity 12, achieving a large-area flange-type flat seal and effectively preventing the intrusion of external liquids along the radial direction of the outer casing 11. The unique flared shape not only facilitates alignment during installation, but its expanded opening also better accommodates the internal space of the hub, providing both guidance and obstruction for splashed water or mud. The sealing connection 21 at the shaft center and its built-in seal 22 constitute a clearly defined second line of dynamic sealing defense. The seal 22 directly and tightly abuts against the outer diameter of the fixed spindle 3, specifically designed to solve the dynamic sealing of the rotating shaft. It effectively prevents moisture, dust, and other contaminants from seeping into the precision components inside the motor along the spindle gap, improving the motor's operational reliability and service life under harsh conditions such as humidity and dust. The integrated design of the retaining ring 13 and the right-angle step provides a stable mounting base and axial positioning for the end cap 2. This ensures that the end cap 2 will not shift or loosen under vehicle vibration and spindle torque impact, guaranteeing the long-term stability of the sealing interface. Centralizing the sealing function in the end cap 2 assembly simplifies the motor assembly process and facilitates the individual replacement of the seal 22 during future maintenance, significantly reducing maintenance costs and time. This embodiment successfully achieves a high level of waterproofing and dustproofing for the hub motor in complex environments through a multi-seal strategy combining static and dynamic sealing, supplemented by a robust positioning structure. It boasts significant advantages such as compact structure, reliable sealing, and high durability.

[0024] A drive motor 4 and a fixed base 5 are installed inside the mounting cavity 12. A rotary connecting element 51 is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed base 5, and the drive motor 4 is mounted on the fixed base 5. Specifically, a fixed slot 121 is provided at the port of the mounting cavity 12, and a fixed retaining ring 13 is disposed in the fixed slot 121. A connecting step is formed between the lower surface of the fixed retaining ring 13 and the wall of the mounting cavity 12, and the outer periphery of the rotary connecting element 51 is disposed on the connecting step. In this embodiment, by setting the rotary connecting element 51 on the outer periphery of the fixed base 5 on the connecting step formed by the lower surface of the fixed retaining ring 13 and the wall of the mounting cavity 12, the installation accuracy of the transmission system and the stability of the waterproof structure are synergistically improved. The connecting step provides a precise axial positioning reference for the rotary connecting element 51, ensuring the coaxiality of the fixed base 5 and the drive motor 4 in the mounting cavity 12, thereby ensuring the smoothness and efficiency of power transmission. The connecting step is located below the fixing ring 13 at the port of the mounting cavity 12. Its position is adjacent to the right-angle step on which the end cap 2 is based and the mechanical path is continuous. This allows the stress borne by the external waterproof end cap structure to be evenly distributed through the shell, avoiding local impact on the core sealing interface, thereby indirectly ensuring the long-term reliability of the static seal between the flared end cap 2 and the right-angle step.

[0025] A connecting boss 52 is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed base 5. Two rotating connecting elements 51 are provided, and the two ends of the connecting boss 52 are respectively connected to the two rotating connecting elements 51. In this embodiment, the connecting boss 52 is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed base 5, and the two rotating connecting elements 51 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the boss. The double-point symmetrical support structure changes the force on the fixed base 5 from a single point to two points. The radial load and torsional load generated by the operation of the drive motor 4 are evenly distributed to the two rotating connecting elements 51 through the connecting boss 52, which greatly improves the installation rigidity and operation stability of the transmission system in the mounting cavity 12, and effectively suppresses vibration and sway at high speed. As a rigid connecting member, the connecting boss 52 ensures the concentricity of the two rotating connecting elements 51, so that the rotation axis of the fixed base 5 is more accurately aligned with the central axis of the motor, reducing transmission error and wear.

[0026] A transmission cavity 53 is provided within the fixed base 5, and a transmission assembly 531 is provided within the transmission cavity 53. The drive motor 4 is provided with a drive spindle 41, one end of which extends into the transmission cavity 53 and is drivenly connected to the transmission assembly 531. Specifically, a transmission gear ring 122 is provided within the mounting cavity 12, and the inner circumference of the transmission gear ring 122 is drivenly connected to the transmission assembly 531 to drive the outer casing 11 to rotate under the action of the drive motor 4. In this embodiment, by integrating the transmission assembly 531 into the transmission cavity 53 inside the fixed base 5, and forming a compact transmission chain with the drive spindle 41 and the transmission gear ring 122 in the mounting cavity 12, the high efficiency of power transmission and the optimization of the structural layout of the hub motor are achieved. By embedding the reduction or speed change mechanism (transmission assembly 531) within the fixed base 5, the axial space inside the motor is effectively utilized, making the entire hub motor structure more compact and facilitating the achievement of greater power density within a limited hub space. The drive spindle 41 extends directly into the transmission cavity 53 to drive the transmission assembly 531. The transmission assembly 531 then meshes with the transmission gear ring 122 fixed to the inner circumference of the housing 11, forming a torque transmission path of "motor-reduction mechanism-housing 11". Since the final drive is the rotation of the housing 11 (i.e., the hub body), while the core of the fixed spindle 3, the fixed base 5 and the internal drive motor 4 remain stationary, the cable passing through the fixed spindle 3 can be kept in a fixed state. This completely avoids the complex structure of the winding leads in conventional external rotor motors that require slip rings as the rotor rotates, and fundamentally solves the problems of anti-tangling and dynamic sealing of power cables.

[0027] A connecting platform 54 is provided at the end of the fixed base 5, and a fixed connecting ring 31 is provided on the fixed spindle 3. The fixed spindle 3 is fixedly connected to the connecting platform 54 through the fixed connecting ring 31. Specifically, the end cap 2 is provided with a clearance groove 23, which is used to provide clearance for the installation of the fixed connecting ring 31. In this embodiment, by setting the matching structure between the connecting platform 54 and the fixed connecting ring 31, and combining the design of the clearance groove 23, the structural stability, assembly convenience, and waterproof reliability of the hub motor are improved. The fixed spindle 3 is rigidly connected to the connecting platform 54 at the end of the fixed base 5 through the fixed connecting ring 31, forming a stable axial and radial support, effectively constraining the displacement of the internal transmission system, ensuring the precise alignment of the drive spindle 41 and the transmission component 531, and reducing vibration and wear during operation. The clearance groove 23 provided on the end cap 2 provides sufficient installation space for the fixed connecting ring 31, avoiding structural interference during assembly, and allowing the end cap to fit tightly against the waterproof step on the end face of the mounting cavity 12, ensuring the flatness of the sealing surface.

[0028] The connecting platform 54 is provided with an assembly positioning groove 541, and the fixed connecting ring 31 is provided with an assembly positioning boss 311. The assembly positioning boss 311 is used to cooperate with the assembly positioning groove 541 to position the installation position of the fixed spindle 3. In this embodiment, by providing an assembly positioning groove 541 on the connecting platform 54 and a corresponding assembly positioning boss 311 on the fixed connecting ring 31, a fast and precise positioning connection between the fixed spindle 3 and the fixed base 5 is achieved. Specifically, the precise cooperation between the assembly positioning boss 311 and the assembly positioning groove 541 can effectively eliminate the circumferential and radial degree of freedom deviation between the fixed spindle 3 and the fixed base 5 during the assembly process, ensuring that the two are quickly aligned, greatly improving assembly efficiency and reducing errors caused by manual adjustment. The mechanical interlocking structure not only enhances the torsional and shear resistance of the connection parts, making power transmission more stable and reliable, but also avoids the problem of eccentricity or stress concentration caused by uneven bolt preload, thereby improving the dynamic balance and service life of the entire hub motor under high-speed operation.

[0029] The fixed base 5 is provided with a wiring channel 55. One end of the wiring channel 55 is connected to the drive motor 4, and the other end extends to the fixed spindle 3. The fixed spindle 3 is provided with a wiring through hole 32, one end of which is connected to the wiring channel 55. In this embodiment, by setting an integrated wiring channel 55 that runs through the fixed base 5 and the fixed spindle 3, an optimized path planning is provided for the internal wiring of the hub motor, improving the reliability, safety, and overall structural compactness of the electrical connection. Specifically, one end of the wiring channel 55 is connected to the drive motor 4, and the other end extends to the fixed spindle 3, smoothly connecting with the wiring through hole 32 inside the spindle to form a complete and protected cable path from the motor windings to the external controller. By housing all power lines, signal lines, etc., inside the fixed structure, the risk of cable entanglement, wear, or fatigue fracture in the rotating parts of the hub is effectively avoided, fundamentally solving the dynamic sealing problem. The built-in wiring method reduces the occupation of external space, making the hub structure simpler and beneficial to the overall vehicle layout and aesthetics.

[0030] The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A waterproof sealing structure, characterized in that: The device includes a motor body, a tapered end cap, and a fixed spindle. The motor body has a housing with a mounting cavity. A retaining ring is provided at the port of the mounting cavity, and one side of the retaining ring forms a right-angle step with the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The fixed spindle is located at the fixed end of the motor body. The tapered end cap has a trumpet-shaped cross-section, and its outer diameter is set on the right-angle step. A sealing connection is provided at the center of the tapered end cap, and a sealing element is provided in the sealing connection. The inner circumference of the sealing element is used to seal against the outer diameter of the fixed spindle.

2. The waterproof sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting cavity is equipped with a drive motor and a fixed base. The outer periphery of the fixed base is provided with a rotating connecting element, which is installed in the mounting cavity. The drive motor is mounted on the fixed base.

3. The waterproof sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixing slot is provided at the port of the placement cavity, and a fixing ring is disposed in the fixing slot. A connecting step is formed between the lower surface of the fixing ring and the wall of the placement cavity, and the outer periphery of the rotating connecting element is disposed on the connecting step.

4. The waterproof sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed base is provided with a connecting boss on its outer periphery, and two rotating connecting elements are provided, with the two ends of the connecting boss respectively connected to the two rotating connecting elements.

5. The waterproof sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed base is provided with a transmission cavity, and a transmission component is provided in the transmission cavity. The drive motor is provided with a drive spindle, one end of which extends into the transmission cavity and is drivenly connected to the transmission component.

6. The waterproof sealing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A transmission gear ring is provided inside the mounting cavity. The inner circumference of the transmission gear ring is connected to the transmission assembly to drive the outer shell to rotate under the action of the drive motor.

7. The waterproof sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed base is provided with a connecting platform at its end, and the fixed spindle is provided with a fixed connecting ring. The fixed spindle is fixedly connected to the connecting platform through the fixed connecting ring.

8. The waterproof sealing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting platform is provided with an assembly positioning groove, and the fixed connecting ring is provided with an assembly positioning boss. The assembly positioning boss is used to cooperate with the assembly positioning groove to position the installation position of the fixed spindle.

9. The waterproof sealing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end cap is provided with a clearance groove, which is used to prevent gaps during the installation of the fixed connecting ring.

10. The waterproof sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed base is provided with a wiring channel, one end of which is connected to the drive motor and the other end extends to the fixed spindle. The fixed spindle is provided with a wiring through hole, one end of which is connected to the wiring channel.

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