Edge-lit gain photovoltaic tube

Abstract

The application discloses a side light gain photovoltaic tube, which comprises an A tube wall with a double-sided photovoltaic cell layer and a B tube wall with light transmission; the A tube wall and the B tube wall are combined into a photovoltaic tube; the photovoltaic tube has a height of 3-30 meters; sunlight directly irradiated on the B tube wall is transmitted through the B tube wall and then irradiated on the back surface of the double-sided photovoltaic cell layer to generate electricity. The application improves the power generation efficiency and reduces the power generation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, specifically relating to a photovoltaic module that can convert side light into back light to improve photovoltaic power generation efficiency—a side-light gain photovoltaic tube. Background Technology

[0002] The applicant's patent "Method for High-Altitude Photovoltaic Power Generation on Farmland and Photovoltaic Power Generation Suspension Cable" (CN117792235B) authorizes a method and suspension cable for high-altitude photovoltaic power generation on farmland. It lays a photovoltaic cell layer on a high-tensile-strength load-bearing cable to encapsulate a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, which is then erected above the farmland by tall supports. This allows for the absorption of surplus solar energy from the high altitude for power generation, and also provides irrigation water, achieving complementary development between agricultural production and photovoltaic power generation – agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity. Its large span and few pile foundations avoid severely hindering agricultural machinery operations. It overcomes many technical shortcomings of existing agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity technologies, such as large power generation fluctuations, difficulty in high-altitude erection, high installation costs, difficulty in cleaning and maintenance, short service life, and insufficient and ineffective exploitation of surplus solar energy resources above farmland. The applicant's patent "Suspended Photovoltaic Power Generation System and Photovoltaic Power Generation Cylindrical Cable" (CN118316367A) provides an improved photovoltaic cylinder that can be connected in series to form a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable.

[0003] However, during production, it was found that flexible thin-film photovoltaic cells, due to the lack of economies of scale, are unlikely to be priced as low as 1.65 yuan / watt within three to five years, compared to the price of monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels (approximately 0.6 yuan / watt). Therefore, the photovoltaic tubes encapsulated with them will have a relatively high cost per kilowatt-hour (commonly known as the cost per kilowatt-hour) in the coming years. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a side-gain photovoltaic tube that can be encapsulated with existing bifacial photovoltaic cell layers to create another type of photovoltaic tube with high power generation efficiency and low cost per kilowatt-hour.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following approach.

[0006] A side-lighting photovoltaic tube is characterized by comprising a tube wall A with a double-sided photovoltaic cell layer and a tube wall B with light transmission; the tube wall A and the tube wall B are combined to form a cylindrical photovoltaic cell module—the photovoltaic tube; sunlight directly hitting the tube wall A in the morning, afternoon, and noon allows the front side of the double-sided photovoltaic cell layer to receive light and generate electricity; sunlight directly hitting the tube wall B in the morning and afternoon passes through the tube wall B and shines on the back side of the double-sided photovoltaic cell layer, allowing the back side of the double-sided photovoltaic cell layer to receive light and generate electricity, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic tube and reducing the cost per kilowatt-hour.

[0007] The bifacial photovoltaic cell layer described in this application can be a bifacial photovoltaic panel, bifacial photovoltaic glass, bifacial photovoltaic film, bifacial photovoltaic cell, or other similar cell layer. It can receive sunlight from its front side (the side facing the sun) and also receive reflected and scattered sunlight from its back side, thereby improving overall power generation efficiency. The higher the bifaciality, the stronger the power generation capacity from the back side. Currently, bifacial photovoltaic panels and other similar cell layers are mature and commonly used photovoltaic cell products, with bifacialities generally reaching 95-100%, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0008] As another improvement to the side-lighting gain photovoltaic tube of this application, the photovoltaic tube also has a C-wall, which has a reflective surface for reflecting sunlight from the B-wall to the back of the bifacial photovoltaic cell layer. The reflective surface is located on the inner side of the C-wall.

[0009] As another improvement to the side-light gain photovoltaic tube of this application, the photovoltaic tubes are preferably erected in series to form a photovoltaic column with a height of 3-30 meters; the photovoltaic column includes at least one tube wall A facing south, one tube wall B facing east, and one tube wall B facing west.

[0010] As another improvement to the side-light gain photovoltaic tube of this application, the cross-section of the photovoltaic column is preferably a circular, polygonal, trapezoidal or other suitable geometric shape.

[0011] Ideally, numerous photovoltaic pillars are arranged in rows with wind tunnel widths (T) ranging from 0.65m to 18m, forming a slatted wind comb structure. They are firmly erected on field ridges, field edges, field roads, or beside field ditches to form a photovoltaic windbreak forest belt (L) that provides wind protection and seedling protection for crops in the field while also generating photovoltaic power.

[0012] Preferably, the wind tunnel width (T) ranges from 0.65m to 9m; the preferred wind tunnel width (T) ranges from 0.65m to 6m; and the slot ratio T / K ranges from 0.25 to 12.5, preferably from 0.40 to 3.15, and optimally from 0.25 to 0.75. In this way, the wind-combing structure plays a crucial role when the airflow around the field encounters the photovoltaic windbreak belt (L). When a strong wind arrives at the photovoltaic windbreak belt (L), the wind-combing structure divides and disrupts the airflow. The originally concentrated and powerful wind is "combed" into several turbulent flows. The formation of this turbulence alters the airflow's motion characteristics and energy distribution, significantly reducing the direct impact of the airflow on crops in the field. The photovoltaic windbreak (L) effectively buffers and disperses wind force by transforming strong winds into turbulent flow, thereby significantly preventing lodging of crops and creating more favorable environmental conditions for crop growth in the fields.

[0013] As another improvement to the side-light gain photovoltaic tube of this application, a white matte coating, a microprism structure, or a diffuse reflection film is provided on the reflective surface.

[0014] As another improvement to the side-light gain photovoltaic tube of this application, the white matte coating is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 30%-40% silicone resin, 20%-30% acrylic resin, 15%-20% titanium dioxide, 5%-10% barium sulfate nanoparticles, 1%-3% matting agent, 0.5%-1% dispersant, 0.5%-1% UV absorber, 2%-5% curing agent, and the balance of solvent.

[0015] In this application, silicone resin serves as the matrix material, providing flexibility, weather resistance, and high-temperature resistance; acrylic resin effectively enhances adhesion and hardness, and improves film-forming properties; titanium dioxide, a high-refractive-index white pigment, provides high reflectivity (>95%); barium sulfate (BaSO4) nanoparticles enhance diffuse scattering, optimize the matte effect, and improve coating durability; fumed SiO2 is used as a matting agent to further reduce gloss and enhance the matte texture; dispersant (polycarboxylate) effectively prevents nanoparticle aggregation and improves uniformity; UV absorber (benzotriazole) effectively resists ultraviolet aging; curing agent (isocyanate) is used to crosslink the resin, improving coating hardness and abrasion resistance; solvent (xylene / methyl ethyl ketone) is used to adjust viscosity, facilitating spraying or roller coating.

[0016] As another improvement to the side-light gain photovoltaic tube of this application, end caps, connecting components, and air inlets and outlets with dust filters are respectively provided at both ends of the photovoltaic tube to maintain the air pressure balance inside and outside the tube and prevent dust from entering the tube and soiling the back of the double-sided photovoltaic cell layer that cannot be cleaned.

[0017] Multiple photovoltaic cylinders are connected end-to-end to form a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, suspended in the air. In other words, multiple photovoltaic cylinders can also be connected end-to-end to form a long and narrow photovoltaic module, which can be used in various occasions requiring photovoltaic power generation, such as ground-mounted power stations.

[0018] As another improvement to the side-light gain photovoltaic tube of this application, an anti-detachment structure is provided between the end cap and the connecting member to prevent the end cap from detaching from the photovoltaic tube. The anti-detachment structure includes a mounting slot on the end cap, a movable plug rod is provided in the mounting slot, the inner end of the movable plug rod is located inside the end cap and is provided with a roller, a limiting boss is provided on the outer wall of the movable plug rod, a top pressure spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable plug rod between the limiting boss and the inner wall of the end cap, a connecting through hole is provided at the center of the end cap, the connecting member is movably disposed in the connecting through hole, a squeezing head is provided at the inner end of the connecting member to drive the movable plug rod to extend when the connecting member is pulled outward, a limiting hole is provided at the end of the photovoltaic tube at a position corresponding to the movable plug rod, and the movable plug rod is inserted into the limiting hole.

[0019] In summary, the advantages of this application over the prior art are as follows.

[0020] First, the sunlight that shines on the "semi-circular opaque outer wall 15" on the side of the photovoltaic tube in the prior application (CN118316367B) is originally going to be wasted, but this application collects the side light and uses it to generate electricity, thus avoiding waste and increasing revenue.

[0021] 2. When applied to "High-altitude photovoltaic power generation method for cultivated land and photovoltaic power generation suspension cable (CN117792235B), this application can significantly improve the overall power generation efficiency and reduce the cost per kilowatt-hour."

[0022] Third, the C-shaped cylinder wall is coated with a white matte coating, which can effectively enhance the diffusion of light to the inner surface of the double-sided photovoltaic cell layer.

[0023] IV. The side-lighting gain photovoltaic tube of this application significantly improves light energy utilization through its double-sided power generation + light transmission + reflection structure, making it particularly suitable for tall column installations and reducing the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). Its modular design, high stability, and all-weather power generation capability make it widely applicable in photovoltaic agriculture, urban photovoltaics, and large-scale power plants.

[0024] Fifth, the photovoltaic windbreak forest belt (L) described in this application can replace, for example, Figure 12The existing tree-planted windbreak belt (G) shown provides wind protection for crops in the field. Studies have shown that by using appropriate height-to-width ratios and slot ratios, wind speed in wheat fields can be significantly reduced by 30-50%, wheat stalk swaying amplitude reduced by more than 48%, near-ground turbulence intensity reduced by more than 51%, lodging loss rate reduced by more than 20%, and yield increase reached 8-12%. This fully demonstrates that the photovoltaic windbreak belt (L) can effectively generate photovoltaic power while providing wind protection and seedling protection, achieving a good technical effect of synergistic effect. The photovoltaic windbreak belt (L) described in this application also overcomes the inherent drawbacks of the existing tree-planted windbreak belt (G). The roots of the trees in the existing tree-planted windbreak belt (G) penetrate into the field, competing with crops for water and fertilizer resources, while the photovoltaic windbreak belt (L) does not have this problem. The photovoltaic windbreak belt (L) described in this application has the outstanding advantage of not occupying land for photovoltaics, effectively saving photovoltaic land resources. Compared to the existing tree-planted windbreak belts (G) which occupy 8-12% of the land, photovoltaic windbreak belts (L) do not occupy farmland, saving at least 8-12% of farmland resources. The photovoltaic windbreak belts (L) described in this application have no ecological side effects, do not increase the risk of pests and diseases shifting to other host plants, and are conducive to maintaining the stability of the farmland ecosystem. Compared to tree-planted windbreak belts (G), the photovoltaic windbreak belts (L) described in this application solve the problem of seasonal failure. Tree-planted windbreak belts (G) experience leaf drop in winter, leading to windbreak failure and severe sandstorms, while the photovoltaic windbreak belts (L) described in this application can still play a good role in sand control and desertification prevention in winter. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of a photovoltaic tube according to Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a mid-side light gain photovoltaic tube.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of a side-light gain (hexagonal) photovoltaic tube according to Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a mid-side light gain photovoltaic tube.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of a side-light gain (triangular) photovoltaic tube according to Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a mid-side light gain photovoltaic tube.

[0031] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of a side-light gain (quadrilateral) photovoltaic tube used in embodiment 5 of this application for erect installation.

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure.

[0033] Figure 9 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection components installed in the photovoltaic tube.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of Embodiment 9 of this application.

[0035] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged diagram of point E in the middle.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario where a tree-planted windbreak belt (G) is set up on a current field ridge.

[0037] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram shows an application scenario where the tree-planted windbreak belt (G) is replaced with a photovoltaic windbreak belt (L).

[0038] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the effect of a corner of the photovoltaic windbreak forest belt (L) in the picture. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The above and other technical features and advantages of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Preferred embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0042] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] Example 1.

[0044] As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 As shown, some 210mm wide bifacial (e.g., heterojunction) photovoltaic cells were procured. Heterojunction photovoltaic cells have significant advantages such as bifacial power generation efficiency of up to 100% and low temperature coefficient, enabling them to operate stably and efficiently under different light and temperature conditions. These high-quality photovoltaic cells were then encapsulated using a professional encapsulation process into bifacial photovoltaic panels 3 with a width of 235mm, a length of 1200mm, and a bending radius of 112.5mm. This specific size and bending radius design were optimized parameters derived from extensive experiments and simulation analyses, ensuring optimal light reception and power generation in the subsequent photovoltaic cylinder structure. The encapsulated bifacial photovoltaic panels 3 will serve as the core component of the photovoltaic cylinder, i.e., the bifacial photovoltaic cell layer will be used as the wall of cylinder A.

[0045] We will purchase another batch of matte-finish light-transmitting tubes with a diameter (D) of 225mm. Here, we will use matte-finish light-transmitting tubes made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as an example. PTFE is a high-performance polymer material with excellent corrosion resistance, enabling it to withstand chemical corrosion in various harsh outdoor environments and ensuring the long-term stability of the light-transmitting tube. Its wear resistance ensures that the surface of the light-transmitting tube will not be easily scratched or worn during long-term use, thus maintaining good light transmission performance. Its high toughness makes the light-transmitting tube less prone to breakage under external impact, improving the reliability of the entire photovoltaic tube structure. This type of matte-finish PTFE light-transmitting tube is also commonly known in the market as frosted glass tube; it is a commercially available product with mature technology. Many manufacturers produce and sell this type of product, and their production processes and quality standards are relatively stable. If you need to use this type of light-transmitting tube, you can order it from relevant manufacturers or purchase it directly according to your actual needs.

[0046] First, the purchased matte-finish light-transmitting tube is processed by removing (e.g., laser cutting) one-third of its circumference. This processing requires high-precision equipment to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface flatness of the removed portion. Then, the previously packaged double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 is precisely installed to fill in the gaps. During the installation process, professional sealing and fixing techniques are used to ensure a tight, seamless connection between the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 and the light-transmitting tube. This ensures structural stability and prevents moisture, dust, and other impurities from entering the photovoltaic tube and affecting power generation performance. Through this process, the two components form a photovoltaic tube 1 with a side wall 2 that transmits light (side-light gain), serving as the B-wall. This unique structural design allows the photovoltaic tube 1 to not only receive direct sunlight from above but also generate electricity using light transmitted through the side wall 2 (i.e., the B-wall), achieving effective side-light gain.

[0047] To apply the manufactured photovoltaic cylinder 1 to the applicant's "High-Altitude Photovoltaic Power Generation Method and Photovoltaic Power Generation Suspension Cable (CN117792235B)" and achieve its efficient application in a high-altitude photovoltaic power generation system, further improvements to the photovoltaic cylinder 1 are necessary. A preferable approach is to add an upper end cap 7 and a connecting component 9 to both ends of the photovoltaic cylinder 1. The upper end cap 7 seals and protects the ends of the photovoltaic cylinder 1, preventing rainwater and dust from entering and soiling the back of the unwashable double-sided solar cell layer, thus preventing a decrease in power generation efficiency on the back side. It also provides some reinforcement. The connecting component 9 connects multiple photovoltaic cylinders 1 end-to-end, allowing them to be connected in series to form a "photovoltaic power generation suspension cable." This connection method not only facilitates the installation and arrangement of the photovoltaic cylinder 1 but also allows for flexible adjustment of the length and scale of the "photovoltaic power generation suspension cable" according to the actual site conditions and power generation needs.

[0048] When the photovoltaic cylinder 1, connected in series to form a "photovoltaic power generation suspension cable," is suspended in the air along a north-south direction, its unique power generation advantages become fully apparent. In the morning, sunlight 11 shines directly onto the front of the bifacial photovoltaic panels 3 from above, providing ample light for the front cells to generate electricity. Simultaneously, sunlight 11 also diffuses from the east through the side wall 2 (i.e., wall B) onto the back of the bifacial photovoltaic panels 3 (i.e., wall A). In the afternoon, sunlight 11 again shines directly onto the front of the bifacial photovoltaic panels 3 (i.e., wall A) from above, and diffuses from the west through the side wall 2 (i.e., wall B) onto the back of the bifacial photovoltaic panels 3 (i.e., wall A). This special lighting pattern allows the back of the bifacial photovoltaic panels 3 to receive diffused sidelight for power generation, thus significantly improving the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cylinder 3. By fully utilizing sidelight resources, the dependence on single direct sunlight is reduced, mitigating the impact of weather changes, sunlight angle, and other factors on power generation efficiency, thereby effectively reducing the cost per kilowatt-hour.

[0049] To further collect and utilize side light and improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cylinder 3, an effective measure can be taken. Preferably, a white matte coating is applied to the inner side of the lower cylinder wall 5 (i.e., cylinder wall C), creating a diffuse reflective surface 6. The white matte coating has excellent diffuse reflection properties, enabling it to uniformly reflect the light 11 scattered onto the lower cylinder wall 5 (i.e., cylinder wall C) to the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic panel 3 (i.e., cylinder wall A). This allows previously wasted scattered light to be fully utilized, further increasing the light intensity on the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic panel 3, thereby improving its power generation efficiency. Actual testing shows that the bifacial photovoltaic panel 3, using this side light gain and diffuse reflective surface design, achieves an overall power generation efficiency of over 132% of the front side efficiency of the bifacial photovoltaic panel 3. This significant improvement fully demonstrates the innovation and practicality of this photovoltaic cylinder structure in the field of photovoltaic power generation, providing an effective solution for improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency and reducing the cost per kilowatt-hour.

[0050] Example 2.

[0051] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, purchase some 210mm wide bifacial photovoltaic cells and encapsulate them into a 235mm wide, 1200mm long bifacial photovoltaic panel 3, which will serve as the bifacial photovoltaic cell layer. Also purchase a batch of 225mm wide matte-finish translucent hexagonal tubes. For example, matte-finish translucent hexagonal tubes made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). PTFE has excellent properties such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and high toughness. These PTFE matte-finish translucent hexagonal tubes are commonly known as frosted glass tubes and are a mature commercially available product, which will not be elaborated upon here. When needed, they can be ordered or purchased from relevant manufacturers.

[0052] First, remove one side of the matte-finish transparent hexagonal tube (i.e., remove one-sixth of the hexagonal tube), and then replace it with the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 as before, so that the two can form a photovoltaic tube 1 with light transmission through the side wall 2 (hexagonal side light gain).

[0053] To apply the photovoltaic cylinder 1 to the applicant's prior application "Method for High-Altitude Photovoltaic Power Generation on Cultivated Land and Photovoltaic Power Generation Suspension Cable (CN117792235B)", it can be connected end-to-end with a load-bearing cable (not shown in the figure) to form a "photovoltaic power generation suspension cable". In this way, when the photovoltaic cylinder 1, forming the "photovoltaic power generation suspension cable", is suspended in the air along a north-south direction, morning sunlight 11 will directly shine on the front of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 from above, and will also diffuse through the side wall 2 from the east to the back of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3. Afternoon sunlight 11 will directly shine on the front of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 from above, and will also diffuse through the side wall 2 from the west to the back of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3. This allows the back of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 to receive diffused side-light power generation, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cylinder 1 and reducing the cost per kilowatt-hour.

[0054] To further collect and utilize side light, a white matte coating can be applied to the inner side of the lower cylinder wall 5 to create a diffuse reflective surface 6. This reflects the light 11 scattered onto the lower cylinder wall 5 back to the back of the bifacial photovoltaic panel 3, thereby further improving the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cylinder 1 and reducing the cost per kilowatt-hour. Tests show that the overall power generation efficiency of the front and back sides of the bifacial photovoltaic panel 3 can reach more than 137% of the power generation efficiency of the front side of the bifacial photovoltaic panel 3.

[0055] Example 3.

[0056] As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6 As shown, purchase some 210mm wide bifacial photovoltaic cells and encapsulate them into a 235mm wide and 1200mm long bifacial photovoltaic panel 3, which will serve as the bifacial photovoltaic cell layer. Also purchase a batch of matte translucent V-grooves with a side length of 235mm. For example, matte translucent V-grooves made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). PTFE has excellent properties such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and high toughness. These matte translucent V-grooves made of PTFE are commercially available and will not be described in detail here. When needed, they can be ordered or purchased from relevant manufacturers.

[0057] By attaching the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 to the opening of the matte-finish translucent V-shaped groove, the two can form a photovoltaic cylinder 1 with translucent sidewall 2 (triangular side light gain).

[0058] In order to apply the photovoltaic tube 1 to the applicant's "High-altitude photovoltaic power generation method and photovoltaic power generation suspension cable (CN117792235B)", it can be connected end to end with a load-bearing cable to form a "photovoltaic power generation suspension cable".

[0059] In this way, when the photovoltaic tube 1, connected in series to form a "photovoltaic power generation suspension cable," is suspended in the air along a north-south direction, the morning sunlight 11 will shine directly onto the front of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 from above, and will also diffuse through the side wall 2 from the east onto the back of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3. In the afternoon, the afternoon sunlight 11 will shine directly onto the front of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 from above, and will also diffuse through the side wall 2 from the west onto the back of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3. This allows the back of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 to receive diffused side-light power generation, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic tube 1 and reducing the cost per kilowatt-hour. Tests show that the overall power generation efficiency of the front and back of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 can reach more than 128% of the power generation efficiency of the front of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3.

[0060] Example 4.

[0061] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8 The photovoltaic cylinder 1 is erected as a photovoltaic column 8 with a height of 3-30 meters; the photovoltaic column 8 includes at least one A cylinder wall facing south, one B cylinder wall (i.e., side cylinder wall 2) facing east, and one B cylinder wall (i.e., side cylinder wall 2) facing west.

[0062] The photovoltaic tube 1 in this application is preferably installed vertically, forming a photovoltaic column 8 with a height of 3-30 meters. This photovoltaic column 8 has a unique design that enables efficient multi-directional lighting.

[0063] This unique structural design offers numerous advantages, the most prominent being its ability to achieve efficient multi-directional sunlight collection. Compared to traditional photovoltaic installations, it is no longer limited to receiving sunlight from a single direction, but can capture sunlight from multiple angles, greatly improving the efficiency of light energy utilization and making it widely applicable in agricultural-solar hybrid projects.

[0064] In this embodiment, cylinder wall A is oriented south-facing, primarily towards due south. In most parts of the Northern Hemisphere, due south is the direction with the most direct sunlight. Therefore, cylinder wall A can maximize the reception of direct sunlight. This orientation is particularly important for high-latitude regions, where the solar altitude angle is relatively low and the angle of sunlight is more oblique. By oriented cylinder wall A towards due south, it ensures that as much solar energy as possible is captured under limited sunlight conditions, thereby achieving stable power generation throughout the year. Furthermore, for scenarios requiring high power supply stability and uninterrupted power generation year-round, the south-facing orientation of cylinder wall A also meets their needs.

[0065] One of the B-shaped walls faces east and is a special photovoltaic panel. During the day, the morning sun is at a low angle, which traditional photovoltaic panels often struggle to capture effectively. The B-shaped wall solves this problem perfectly. It is specifically designed for capturing this low-angle morning sunlight, significantly improving the overall photovoltaic power generation efficiency in the morning. During this time, electricity demand gradually increases in many areas, and the electricity generated by the B-shaped wall can promptly meet this demand, providing strong support for the stable operation of the power grid.

[0066] The other B-wall faces west. In the afternoon, as the sun gradually shifts westward, sunlight intensity remains high. This other B-wall can fully utilize this sunlight, playing a crucial role during the strongest afternoon hours. Its presence optimizes the overall daily power generation curve of the photovoltaic system. In traditional photovoltaic systems, due to variations in sunlight intensity, the power generation curve often exhibits a "duck-shaped curve," meaning less power generation in the morning and evening, and more at midday. This curve poses challenges to grid dispatch and stable operation. The other B-wall, by increasing power generation in the afternoon, effectively reduces the impact of the "duck-shaped curve," resulting in a smoother curve, reduced grid impact, and improved grid stability and reliability.

[0067] Furthermore, this photovoltaic pillar 8 possesses strong flexibility and adaptability. Its height can be adjusted according to actual needs, ranging from 3 to 30 meters. In different application scenarios, factors such as terrain conditions, wind load, and shading will all affect the performance of the photovoltaic power generation system. In areas with complex terrain, such as mountainous or hilly areas, the height of the photovoltaic pillar 8 can be adjusted according to the undulations and slope of the terrain to ensure that each section of the pillar receives sufficient sunlight. In areas with low wind load, the height of the photovoltaic pillar 8 can be appropriately increased to raise its center of gravity. Simultaneously, in environments with shading, such as those with surrounding buildings or trees, the height can be adjusted to avoid shading of the photovoltaic pillars, ensuring power generation efficiency.

[0068] The photovoltaic column 8 also offers versatility in terms of material selection for its cylinder wall. The wall can be made of monocrystalline silicon, thin-film solar cells, or other high-efficiency photovoltaic modules. Monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules offer advantages such as high conversion efficiency and good stability, making them suitable for scenarios with high power generation efficiency requirements. Thin-film solar cells, on the other hand, are characterized by good flexibility and light weight, offering unique advantages in some special applications, such as those with strict requirements on installation space and weight. Depending on different application needs and economic costs, suitable photovoltaic modules can be flexibly selected to achieve the best power generation effect.

[0069] The photovoltaic pillar 8 has a wide range of applications, suitable for distributed power stations, mountain photovoltaics, and agro-photovoltaic integration, among others. In distributed power stations, it can make full use of limited space, improving space utilization and achieving efficient power generation. In mountain photovoltaic projects, its flexible height adjustment and multi-directional lighting characteristics can adapt to complex mountainous terrain and overcome the adverse effects of the terrain. In agro-photovoltaic integration scenarios, the photovoltaic pillar 8 not only generates electricity but also does not significantly impact agricultural production below, achieving comprehensive utilization of land resources. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic pillar 8 also boasts advantages such as high space utilization, strong wind resistance, and convenient maintenance. Its vertical structural design allows for the installation of more photovoltaic modules within the same land area, improving space utilization efficiency. Furthermore, the independent design and modular structure of each cylinder wall make maintenance more convenient and faster, reducing maintenance costs and difficulty.

[0070] It is advisable, such as Figure 13 As shown, numerous photovoltaic pillars 8 are arranged in rows with wind tunnel widths (T) ranging from 0.65m to 18m, forming a slatted wind comb structure. They are firmly erected on field ridges, field edges, field road edges, or field ditches to form a photovoltaic windbreak forest belt (L) that provides wind protection and seedling protection for crops in the field while also generating photovoltaic power.

[0071] More preferably, the wind tunnel width (T) ranges from 0.65m to 9m; the preferred wind tunnel width (T) ranges from 0.65m to 6m; and the slot ratio T / K ranges from 0.25 to 12.5, preferably from 0.40 to 3.15, and optimally from 0.25 to 0.75. In this way, the wind-combing structure plays a crucial role when the airflow around the field encounters the photovoltaic windbreak belt (L). When a strong wind arrives at the photovoltaic windbreak belt (L), the wind-combing structure divides and disrupts the airflow. The originally concentrated and powerful wind is "combed" into several turbulent flows. The formation of this turbulence alters the airflow's motion characteristics and energy distribution, significantly reducing the direct impact of the airflow on crops in the field. The photovoltaic windbreak (L) effectively buffers and disperses wind force by transforming strong winds into turbulent flow, thereby significantly preventing lodging of crops and creating more favorable environmental conditions for crop growth in the fields.

[0072] Example 5.

[0073] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1 or 2, but differs in that the white matte coating is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 30% silicone resin, 30% acrylic resin, 15% titanium dioxide, 5% barium sulfate nanoparticles, 1% matting agent, 0.5% dispersant, 0.5% UV absorber, 2% curing agent, and the remainder solvent. The titanium dioxide, barium sulfate nanoparticles, and dispersant are dispersed in the solvent at high speed (3000 rpm) for 30 minutes; then the silicone resin, acrylic resin, and other components are added and mixed at low speed. Testing showed that the white matte coating of this embodiment achieved a reflectance of 95%.

[0074] Example 6.

[0075] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1 or 2, but differs in that the white matte coating is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 40% silicone resin, 25% acrylic resin, 18% titanium dioxide, 8% barium sulfate nanoparticles, 2% matting agent, 0.8% dispersant, 0.7% UV absorber, 2% curing agent, and the remainder being solvent. The titanium dioxide, barium sulfate nanoparticles, and dispersant are dispersed in the solvent at high speed (3000 rpm) for 30 minutes; then the silicone resin, acrylic resin, and other components are added and mixed at low speed. Testing showed that the white matte coating of this embodiment achieved a reflectance of 97%.

[0076] Example 7.

[0077] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1 or 2, but differs in that the white matte coating is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 40% silicone resin, 20% acrylic resin, 20% titanium dioxide, 5% barium sulfate nanoparticles, 1% matting agent, 0.5% dispersant, 0.5% UV absorber, 5% curing agent, and the remainder solvent. The titanium dioxide, barium sulfate nanoparticles, and dispersant are dispersed in the solvent at high speed (3000 rpm) for 30 minutes; then the silicone resin, acrylic resin, and other components are added and mixed at low speed. Testing showed that the white matte coating of this embodiment achieved a reflectance of 96%.

[0078] Example 8.

[0079] This embodiment is based on any one of the schemes in Embodiments 1-8, with end caps 7 and connecting components 17 respectively provided at both ends of the photovoltaic tube 1. An anti-detachment structure is provided between the end cap 7 and the connecting member 17 to prevent the end cap 7 from detaching from the photovoltaic tube. The anti-detachment structure includes a mounting hole 9 on the end cap 7, a movable insertion rod 10 is provided in the mounting hole 9, the inner end of the movable insertion rod 10 is located inside the end cap 7 and is provided with a roller 16, a limiting boss 12 is provided on the outer wall of the movable insertion rod 10, a top pressure spring 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable insertion rod 10 between the limiting boss 12 and the inner wall of the end cap 7, a connecting through hole 14 is provided at the center of the end cap 7, the connecting member 17 is movably disposed in the connecting through hole 14, and a pressing head 15 is provided at the inner end of the connecting member 17, which can drive the movable insertion rod 10 to extend when the connecting member 17 is pulled outward. A limiting hole is provided at the end of the photovoltaic tube at a position corresponding to the movable insertion rod 10, and the movable insertion rod 10 is inserted into the limiting hole. In this application, the roller 11 presses against the outer wall of the movable insertion rod 10.

[0080] The end cap 7 described in this application can first be connected to the inner wall of the end of the photovoltaic cylinder 1 by means of threaded connection, and then further locked by anti-detachment structure to ensure that the end cap 7 and the photovoltaic cylinder 1 will not detach during use.

[0081] Example 9.

[0082] This embodiment is based on any one of the schemes in Embodiments 1-8, and an air inlet and an exhaust outlet with a dust filter are provided on the photovoltaic cylinder. The dust filter mentioned in this application refers to a device that can prevent dust from entering the cylinder through the air inlet, such as a filter nozzle, filter plug, filter cloth, filter screen, filter cotton, and other dust filtration devices.

[0083] Since the core of photovoltaic cells is a semiconductor material (such as silicon), its conductivity is closely related to temperature: increased temperature leads to a narrower bandgap in the semiconductor, exciting more electrons, but also increases the probability of electron-hole recombination, reducing effective power generation. For every 1°C increase in temperature, the open-circuit voltage of silicon-based cells decreases by approximately 0.2%-0.3% (directly affecting power generation efficiency).

[0084] To overcome the above problems, this embodiment provides an air inlet and an exhaust port with a dust filter on the photovoltaic cylinder. The air inlet and exhaust port can be located at either end of the photovoltaic cylinder, creating a ventilation channel inside the cylinder. This effectively removes heat from inside the photovoltaic cylinder to the outside, maintaining air pressure balance outside the cylinder and preventing dust from entering and soiling the back of the unwashable double-sided photovoltaic cell layer.

[0085] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this application as claimed. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A side-lighting gain photovoltaic tube, characterized in that: It includes a cylindrical wall A with a double-sided photovoltaic cell layer and a transparent cylindrical wall B; the cylindrical wall A and the cylindrical wall B are combined to form a cylindrical photovoltaic cell module - a photovoltaic tube; the sunlight that shines directly on the cylindrical wall A in the morning, afternoon and noon allows the front side of the double-sided photovoltaic cell layer to receive light and generate electricity; the sunlight that shines directly on the cylindrical wall B in the morning and afternoon passes through the cylindrical wall B and shines on the back side of the double-sided photovoltaic cell layer, allowing the back side of the double-sided photovoltaic cell layer to receive light and generate electricity.

2. The side-gain photovoltaic tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tube also has a C-wall, which has a reflective surface to reflect sunlight from the B-wall to the back of the double-sided photovoltaic cell layer.

3. The side-gain photovoltaic tube according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tubes are erected and connected in series to form a photovoltaic column with a height of 3-30 meters; the photovoltaic column includes at least one tube wall A facing south, one tube wall B facing east, and one tube wall B facing west.

4. The side-gain photovoltaic tube according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The reflective surface is coated with a matte finish, or has a microprism structure or diffuse reflection film.

5. The side-gain photovoltaic tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: End caps, connecting components, and air inlets and outlets with dust filters are respectively installed at both ends of the photovoltaic tube.

6. The side-gain photovoltaic tube according to claim 3, characterized in that: Numerous photovoltaic pillars are arranged in rows with wind tunnel widths ranging from 0.65m to 18m, forming a slatted, comb-like structure. They stand firmly on field ridges, field edges, field roads, or beside field ditches, forming a photovoltaic windbreak forest belt that protects crops from wind and provides photovoltaic power generation.

7. The side-gain photovoltaic tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: The duct width ranges from 0.65m to 9m, and the slot ratio ranges from 0.25 to 12.

5.

8. The side-gain photovoltaic tube according to claim 7, characterized in that: The duct width ranges from 0.65m to 6m; the slot ratio ranges from 0.40 to 3.15.

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