A junction box device for a perovskite photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model belongs to perovskite photovoltaic module application technical field relates to a kind of junction box device of perovskite photovoltaic module, including shell and PCB substrate, input and output are respectively arranged on shell, input includes anode welding point and cathode welding point, anode welding point and cathode welding point are respectively electrically connected with the anode busbar and cathode busbar of perovskite photovoltaic module, DC-DC converter, energy storage supercapacitor and microcontroller are respectively provided on PCB substrate, energy storage supercapacitor is communicated with the input of DC-DC converter, the input of DC-DC converter is communicated with anode welding point, cathode welding point, temperature sensing thermocouple and humidity sensor are respectively arranged on perovskite photovoltaic module, the signal line of temperature sensing thermocouple and humidity sensor is respectively connected with microcontroller.The utility model stops repair process when monitoring the temperature and humidity of environment exceed specified requirement when applying bias to repair perovskite photovoltaic module, prevent perovskite photovoltaic module efficiency irreversible decline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of perovskite photovoltaic module application technology, and specifically relates to a junction box device for perovskite photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Perovskite photovoltaic modules are susceptible to performance degradation due to environmental factors and material properties during actual operation. Unlike the stable crystal structure of crystalline silicon cells, perovskite materials have high ionic activity and are prone to structural changes under light, electric fields, or thermal stress.

[0003] Applying an external bias voltage is a common method to address the performance degradation of perovskite photovoltaic modules. Studies have shown that applying a bias voltage slightly higher than the open-circuit voltage V to the perovskite photovoltaic modules at night can help. oc The bias voltage (approximately 1.05 to 1.10 times V) oc Bias repair can induce ion reset, reduce defect states, and restore interfacial charge distribution. However, like common electrical equipment, when applying bias voltage to a perovskite photovoltaic module for repair, some electrical energy is converted into heat, inevitably causing the module's temperature to rise. This means that while bias repair can indeed induce ion reset, reduce defect states, and restore interfacial charge distribution from the perspective of ion migration, thereby restoring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite photovoltaic module, from the perspective of thermal decomposition, the temperature increase (>60℃) caused by bias repair, if coupled with high ambient humidity (>70%RH), can lead to irreversible decomposition of the perovskite layer components, directly resulting in irreversible degradation of the perovskite photovoltaic module's efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a junction box device for a perovskite photovoltaic module, which monitors the temperature and humidity of the environment when applying bias voltage to repair the perovskite photovoltaic module. When the temperature and humidity of the environment exceed the specified requirements, the repair process is stopped to prevent irreversible decline in the efficiency of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows: a junction box device for a perovskite photovoltaic module includes a housing and a PCB substrate disposed within the housing. An input terminal and an output terminal are respectively disposed on the housing, connected by a wire. The input terminal includes a positive solder joint and a negative solder joint, which are electrically connected to the positive and negative busbars of the perovskite photovoltaic module, respectively. The output terminal is connected to the external power grid. A DC-DC converter, an energy storage supercapacitor, and a microcontroller are respectively disposed on the PCB substrate. The energy storage supercapacitor is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC converter, which is connected to the positive and negative solder joints. The signal terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the microcontroller. A temperature-sensing thermocouple and a humidity sensor are respectively disposed on the perovskite photovoltaic module, and their signal lines are connected to the microcontroller.

[0006] Furthermore, a micro heat sink array is provided on the housing.

[0007] Furthermore, a reflective coating is provided on the surface of the housing.

[0008] Furthermore, the shell is made of aluminum.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the junction box device of the perovskite photovoltaic module of this utility model includes a housing and a PCB substrate disposed within the housing. An input terminal and an output terminal are respectively provided on the housing. The input terminal includes a positive solder joint and a negative solder joint, which are electrically connected to the positive and negative busbars of the perovskite photovoltaic module, respectively. A DC-DC converter, an energy storage supercapacitor, and a microcontroller are respectively disposed on the PCB substrate. The energy storage supercapacitor is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC converter, and the input terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the positive and negative solder joints. The signal terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the microcontroller. A temperature-sensing thermocouple and a humidity sensor are respectively disposed on the perovskite photovoltaic module, and the signal lines of the temperature-sensing thermocouple and the humidity sensor are respectively connected to the microcontroller. This invention utilizes a supercapacitor to apply bias voltage to a perovskite photovoltaic module via a DC-DC converter for repair. Temperature-sensing thermocouples and humidity sensors monitor the ambient temperature and humidity. When the ambient temperature and humidity exceed the specified requirements, the bias voltage repair process is stopped to prevent irreversible degradation of the perovskite photovoltaic module efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Housing; 2. PCB substrate; 3. Output terminal; 4. Wire; 5. Positive solder joint; 6. Negative solder joint; 7. DC-DC converter; 8. Energy storage supercapacitor; 9. Microcontroller; 10. Temperature sensing thermocouple; 11. Humidity sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0013] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the junction box device for the perovskite photovoltaic module of this invention includes a housing 1 and a PCB substrate 2 disposed within the housing 1. The arrowed lines in the figure indicate the flow direction of current, voltage, and control signals within the device. An input terminal and an output terminal 3 are respectively provided on the housing 1, and the input terminal and the output terminal 3 are connected by a wire 4. The input terminal includes a positive solder joint 5 and a negative solder joint 6. The positive solder joint 5 and the negative solder joint 6 are electrically connected to the positive busbar and the negative busbar (not shown in the figure) of the perovskite photovoltaic module, respectively. The output terminal 3 is connected to the external power grid. The DC power converted by the perovskite photovoltaic module under sunlight passes sequentially through the positive solder joint 5 and the negative solder joint 6, the wire 4 and the output terminal 3, and then is connected to the external power grid from the output terminal 3.

[0014] A DC-DC converter 7, an energy storage supercapacitor 8, and a microcontroller 9 are respectively disposed on the PCB substrate 2. The energy storage supercapacitor 8 is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC converter 7. The positive and negative input terminals of the DC-DC converter 7 are connected to the positive solder joint 5 and the negative solder joint 6. The signal terminal of the DC-DC converter 7 is connected to the microcontroller 9.

[0015] A temperature-sensing thermocouple 10 and a humidity sensor 11 are respectively installed on the perovskite photovoltaic module. The signal lines of the temperature-sensing thermocouple 10 and the humidity sensor 11 are respectively connected to the microcontroller 9. The temperature-sensing thermocouple 10 monitors the temperature of the environment where the perovskite photovoltaic module is located, and the humidity sensor 11 monitors the humidity of the environment where the perovskite photovoltaic module is located.

[0016] When the perovskite photovoltaic module is generating electricity, part of the electrical energy is used to charge the energy storage supercapacitor 8 through the positive electrode solder joint 5, the negative electrode solder joint 6, and the DC-DC converter 7.

[0017] During the nighttime non-power generation period of the perovskite photovoltaic module, the microcontroller 9 controls the DC-DC converter 7 to apply the voltage from the energy storage supercapacitor 8 to the perovskite photovoltaic module through the positive solder joint 5 and the negative solder joint 6, thus performing bias repair on the perovskite photovoltaic module. The bias voltage is (1.05~1.10)V. oc .

[0018] When the temperature-sensing thermocouple 10 detects that the ambient temperature of the perovskite photovoltaic module has reached a specified temperature, such as 40°C, the microcontroller 9 controls the bias circuit to disconnect, stopping the repair. The bias circuit is then applied again for repair once the temperature drops below 35°C.

[0019] When the humidity sensor 11 detects that the humidity of the environment where the perovskite photovoltaic module is located reaches the specified humidity, such as 70% RH, the microcontroller 9 controls the bias circuit to disconnect and stop the repair. This is because if the relative humidity is >70% RH, the perovskite material in the perovskite photovoltaic module is easily corroded by moisture, and the application of bias voltage is suspended to prevent electrochemical reactions.

[0020] Bias repair of perovskite photovoltaic modules can only proceed normally when the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the perovskite photovoltaic modules are located reach the specified values; otherwise, the repair will be stopped.

[0021] The bias repair of perovskite photovoltaic modules is carried out in a low-temperature and dry environment to prevent thermal decomposition of the perovskite material in the perovskite photovoltaic module, as well as to prevent the perovskite material from being corroded by moisture and to prevent irreversible decline in the efficiency of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0022] A micro-heat sink array (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the housing 1 to increase the heat dissipation area. A reflective coating (not shown in the figure) is applied to the surface of the housing 1 to enhance the radiative cooling effect. The housing 1 is made of aluminum, utilizing the excellent thermal conductivity of aluminum to improve heat dissipation. With the micro-heat sink array and reflective coating, and the aluminum housing 1, the temperature of the perovskite photovoltaic module can be reduced through heat conduction and heat diffusion, whether the perovskite photovoltaic module is generating electricity during the day or undergoing bias repair at night.

[0023] The DC-DC converter 7 has an input of 12V and an output of 0.5~2V, with an efficiency >95%. The supercapacitor 8 has a capacitance of 100F and a voltage of 12V. The temperature-sensing thermocouple 10 has a measurement range of 0~100℃ and an accuracy of ±0.1℃. The humidity sensor 11 has a range of 0~100%RH and an accuracy of ±2%. The reflective coating is made of TiO2 and has a reflectivity >90%.

[0024] Using the device of this invention on perovskite photovoltaic modules reduces thermal degradation (such as perovskite grain boundary decomposition), extends the lifespan of the perovskite photovoltaic modules, and reduces the efficiency degradation rate from 5% / year to 2% / year. The junction box device of this invention is suitable for use in tropical or desert regions. For some portable wearable devices, it can also flexibly adjust the bias repair strategy according to the local environment, extending the lifespan of the perovskite photovoltaic modules.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A junction box device for a perovskite photovoltaic module, comprising a housing and a PCB substrate disposed within the housing, wherein an input terminal and an output terminal are respectively disposed on the housing, the input terminal and the output terminal are connected by a wire, the input terminal includes a positive solder joint and a negative solder joint, the positive solder joint and the negative solder joint being electrically connected to the positive busbar and the negative busbar of the perovskite photovoltaic module, respectively, and the output terminal is connected to an external power grid line, characterized in that, A DC-DC converter, an energy storage supercapacitor, and a microcontroller are respectively disposed on the PCB substrate. The energy storage supercapacitor is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC converter. The input terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the positive and negative solder joints. The signal terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the microcontroller. A temperature-sensing thermocouple and a humidity sensor are respectively disposed on the perovskite photovoltaic module. The signal lines of the temperature-sensing thermocouple and the humidity sensor are respectively connected to the microcontroller.

2. The junction box device for a perovskite photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A micro heat sink array is provided on the housing.

3. The junction box device for a perovskite photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A reflective coating is provided on the surface of the housing.

4. The junction box device for a perovskite photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shell is made of aluminum.

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