Automobile lighting lamp circuit board welding positioning tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile lighting lamp circuit board processing, disclose a kind of automobile lighting lamp circuit substrate welding positioning tool, including pedestal, the upper surface of the pedestal is equipped with floating positioning piece, the upper surface of the pedestal is equipped with auxiliary support, its distribution is not compacted in the area on pedestal, the both sides of the pedestal are rotationally equipped with the rotating pressure arm of T type above it, the end of the rotating pressure arm is equipped with main pressure head with screw thread, the end of the rotating pressure arm is equipped with floating pressure rod with sliding in the position close to main pressure head, the bottom end of the floating pressure rod is fixedly equipped with auxiliary pressure head;The utility model floating positioning pin can be self-adapting substrate unevenness such as slight bending or component height difference under the action of spring, ensure that locating hole is inserted without resistance, avoid the internal stress of substrate caused by rigid insertion, in welding process, floating structure provides longitudinal release space for substrate thermal expansion, significantly reduces the risk of microcrack, improves the life of welding point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive lighting circuit board processing technology, specifically a welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit board substrates. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive lighting manufacturing industry, the circuit board (PCB) serves as the core carrier of LED driver circuits, and its soldering quality directly affects the reliability and lifespan of the lamps. Modern automotive lighting lamps tend to have larger and thinner designs, and the surface of the substrate often houses surface-mount components with significant height differences (such as power inductors and heat sinks); such substrates require precise positioning and clamping using specialized tooling during wave soldering or reflow soldering processes. However, existing positioning fixtures still have the following drawbacks in actual use: Stress and deformation issues caused by rigid positioning. Traditional fixtures use positioning pins of fixed height inserted into the positioning holes of the substrate. Since the substrate itself may have slight warping (especially large-size thin boards), or component height differences may cause localized suspension, forcibly pressing in the rigid positioning pin will cause the substrate to deform, generating internal stress. During welding, thermal expansion further exacerbates stress accumulation, easily leading to micro-cracks in the substrate, poor solder joints, or even component damage. Reliability risks caused by concentrated clamping force. Conventional clamping mechanisms often use integral rigid clamping arms, with the clamping head acting directly on the substrate surface. If the clamping force is concentrated on sensitive components (such as ceramic capacitors, glass-packaged ICs) or weak areas at the board edges, it can easily cause component crushing or mechanical damage to the substrate. Furthermore, the rigid constraint on welding thermal expansion prevents stress release, exacerbating solder joint fatigue failure. Insufficient thermal expansion adaptability. During the welding heating stage, the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the substrate and the metal fixture is significant. The rigid locking structure restricts the substrate's expansion freedom, and residual stress after cooling causes substrate warping or solder joint cracking, reducing the product's environmental tolerance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards, which has the effect of eliminating positioning stress and improving the reliability of the board.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards, comprising a base, a floating positioning component on the upper surface of the base, an auxiliary support component installed on the upper surface of the base, distributed in the non-pressurized area on the base, T-shaped rotating pressure arms rotatably mounted on both sides of the base above the base, a main pressure head threadedly mounted at the end of the rotating pressure arm, a floating pressure rod slidably mounted at the end of the rotating pressure arm near the main pressure head, a secondary pressure head fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the floating pressure rod, mounting seats fixedly mounted at the bottom of both sides of the base, a slide rail fixedly mounted at the top end of the mounting seat, a slide block slidably mounted on the surface of the slide rail, a linkage arm rotatably mounted between the slide block and the back of the rotating pressure arm, and a driving component mounted above the mounting seat.

[0005] A further feature of this invention is that an L-shaped support leg is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the base, and a mounting hole is provided at the horizontal end of the support leg.

[0006] A further feature of this invention is that the floating positioning component includes a floating positioning pin seat, a positioning pin, and a floating spring. The upper surface of the base is provided with a guide hole. The floating positioning pin seat is slidably disposed inside the guide hole. The number of positioning pins is the same as the number of positioning holes on the circuit board, and their positions correspond. The positioning pin is fixedly installed at the top of the floating positioning pin seat. The floating spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the floating positioning pin seat, and the floating spring is located inside the guide hole. The spring force of the floating spring is greater than the weight of the floating positioning pin seat and the positioning pin, but much less than the pressure of the subsequent clamping mechanism.

[0007] A further feature of this invention is that: sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the guide hole, and a slider that slides in cooperation with the sliding grooves is fixedly provided at the bottom of the floating positioning pin seat.

[0008] A further feature of this invention is that the auxiliary support includes an adjustable support column, a buffer head, and a mounting screw. The buffer head is fixedly disposed at the top of the adjustable support column, and the mounting screw is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the adjustable support column. The upper surface of the base is provided with a threaded hole that is threadedly connected to the mounting screw.

[0009] A further feature of this invention is that: a mounting plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the floating pressure rod, a second floating spring is provided between the mounting plate and the rotating pressure arm and sleeved on the outside of the floating pressure rod, and a limiting plate is fixedly provided at the top of the floating pressure rod.

[0010] A further feature of this invention is that a rotating seat 1 and a rotating seat 2 are fixedly provided on the back of the rotating pressure arm, and mounting brackets are fixedly provided on both sides of the base. The top of the mounting brackets is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 1 via a connecting shaft 1.

[0011] A further feature of this invention is that the rotating seat 2 is rotatably connected to the top of the linkage arm via a connecting shaft 2, and the middle part of the slide is rotatably connected to the bottom of the linkage arm via a connecting shaft 3.

[0012] A further feature of this invention is that a fixed seat is fixedly provided at the top of the mounting base near the outer side, an adjusting screw is rotatably provided at the top of the fixed seat, the inner end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base, an adjusting seat is fixedly provided at the top of the slide, and the top of the adjusting seat is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw.

[0013] A further feature of this invention is that a rotating wheel is fixedly provided at the outer end of the adjusting screw, which can quickly drive the adjusting screw to rotate. Two locking nuts are threaded on the surface of the adjusting screw, and the two locking nuts are located on both sides of the adjusting seat.

[0014] In summary, this invention has the following beneficial effects: It eliminates positioning stress, improves substrate reliability, and the floating positioning pin, under the action of a spring, can adapt to substrate unevenness (such as slight bending or component height differences), ensuring unobstructed insertion of the positioning hole and avoiding internal stress caused by rigid insertion. During welding, the floating structure provides longitudinal release space for substrate thermal expansion, significantly reducing the risk of microcracks and improving solder joint life. The partitioned pressing and elastic buffering protect sensitive components. The main and auxiliary pressure heads function separately: the main pressure head covers a large area, while the auxiliary pressure head precisely presses critical components (such as ceramic components). For ceramic capacitors or weak areas on the board edge, the pressure head contact surface is embedded with a high-temperature resistant silicone / polyurethane buffer pad. The pressure is dispersed through flexible contact to prevent component crushing or mechanical damage to the board. The floating pressure bar, in conjunction with the spring, provides dynamic pressure compensation to adapt to differences in component height and ensure uniform distribution of clamping force. It actively suppresses deformation of large-sized boards. Height-adjustable auxiliary supports are distributed in non-clamping areas to support the board after placement and before clamping, effectively resisting the sagging deformation in the middle caused by its own weight and placement inertia. The support height is preset to be slightly lower than the clamping position, providing support without interfering with the clamping action and ensuring the flatness of the board. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the rotary pressure arm of this utility model; Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary pressure arm of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the floating positioning component of this utility model; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary support component of this utility model; Figure 7 This utility model Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 8 This utility model Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram at point B; Figure 9 This utility model Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point C.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Base; 101. Support leg; 102. Mounting hole; 103. Guide hole; 104. Slide groove; 105. Threaded hole; 2. Floating positioning component; 201. Floating positioning pin seat; 202. Positioning pin; 203. Slider; 204. Floating spring one; 3. Auxiliary support component; 301. Adjustable support column; 302. Buffer head; 303. Mounting screw; 4. Rotary pressure arm; 401. Main pressure head; 402. Floating pressure rod; 403. Mounting plate; 404. Secondary pressure head; 405. Floating spring II; 406. Rotary seat I; 407. Connecting shaft I; 408. Mounting bracket; 409. Rotary seat II; 4010. Connecting shaft II; 4011. Linkage arm; 5. Mounting seat; 501. Slide rail; 502. Slide block; 503. Connecting shaft III; 504. Adjusting seat; 505. Fixed seat; 506. Adjusting screw; 507. Locking nut; 508. Rotary wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments thereof.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-9In this embodiment of the present invention, a welding positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards includes a base 1 made of aluminum alloy or steel to ensure rigidity and lightweight. The upper surface of the base 1 is provided with a floating positioning element 2 for inserting into the positioning holes on the circuit board, allowing slight floating in the Z-axis direction. When the circuit board is placed, even if the board surface is uneven, slightly bent, or there is a height difference between components, the floating positioning element 2 can adaptively adjust its height to ensure that the positioning holes on the circuit board are fully inserted, avoiding stress caused by forced insertion. Simultaneously, the slight floating provides space for the release of welding thermal expansion. An auxiliary support element 3 is installed on the upper surface of the base 1, distributed in the non-pressurized area of ​​the base 1. Its height is finely adjustable and is used to support the circuit board before pressing, preventing it from sagging or deforming due to its own weight or placement force. This is especially crucial for large-size thin boards. The support height is set slightly lower than the position of the circuit board after it is pressed. T-shaped rotating pressure arms 4 are rotatably mounted on both sides of the base 1 above it. A main pressure head 401 is threaded onto the end of the rotating pressure arm 4 and acts on the circuit board area. A floating pressure rod 402 is slidably provided at the end of the rotating pressure arm 4 near the main pressure head 401. A secondary pressure head 404 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the floating pressure rod 402. The secondary pressure head 404 is used to press on the area near key components on the circuit board or the edge of the board that needs additional pressing. The contact surfaces of the main pressure head 401 and the secondary pressure head 404 are inlaid with elastic buffer pads, which are made of high-temperature resistant silicone or polyurethane material, with moderate hardness to provide flexibility and buffering. Mounting seats 5 are fixedly provided at the bottom of both sides of the base 1. A slide rail 501 is fixedly provided at the top of the mounting seat 5. A sliding block 502 is slidably provided on the surface of the slide rail 501. A linkage arm 4011 is rotatably provided between the sliding block 502 and the back of the rotating pressure arm 4. A driving component is provided above the mounting seat 5 to drive the sliding block 502 to move, thereby controlling the rotation of the rotating pressure arm 4, and using the main pressure head 401 and the secondary pressure head 404 to press the circuit board.

[0019] In this embodiment, preferably, the bottom end of the base 1 is fixedly provided with an L-shaped support leg 101, and the horizontal end of the support leg 101 is provided with a mounting hole 102 so as to be integrated into the production line workbench; In this embodiment, preferably, the floating positioning component 2 includes a floating positioning pin seat 201, a positioning pin 202, and a floating spring 204. The upper surface of the base 1 is provided with a guide hole 103. The floating positioning pin seat 201 is slidably disposed inside the guide hole 103. The number of positioning pins 202 is the same as the number of positioning holes on the circuit board, and their positions correspond. The positioning pins 202 are fixedly installed at the top of the floating positioning pin seat 201. The positioning pins 202 are set as conical or mushroom-shaped. The floating spring 204 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the floating positioning pin seat 201, and the floating spring 204 is located inside the guide hole 103. The spring force of the floating spring 204 is greater than the weight of the floating positioning pin seat 201 and the positioning pin 202, but much less than the pressure of the subsequent clamping mechanism. The positioning pin 202 can adaptively adjust its height with the floating spring 204 to ensure that the positioning hole of the circuit board can be completely fitted into the positioning pin 202, avoiding stress caused by forced insertion. At the same time, the micro-floating provides space for the release of welding thermal expansion. In this embodiment, preferably, the guide hole 103 is provided with sliding grooves 104 on both sides, and the bottom of the floating positioning pin seat 201 is fixedly provided with a slider 203 that slides with the sliding groove 104. The sliding cooperation between the slider 203 and the sliding groove 104 plays a guiding and limiting role in the movement of the floating positioning pin seat 201. In this embodiment, preferably, the auxiliary support 3 includes an adjustable support column 301, a buffer head 302, and a mounting screw 303. The buffer head 302 is fixedly disposed at the top end of the adjustable support column 301, and the mounting screw 303 is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the adjustable support column 301. The upper surface of the base 1 is provided with a threaded hole 105 that is threadedly connected to the mounting screw 303. The height of the adjustable support column 301 is adjusted by turning the mounting screw 303, thereby finely adjusting the height of the buffer head 302. The buffer head 302 is made of nylon or POM material and is used to support the circuit board before pressing to prevent it from sagging and deforming due to its own weight or placement force. In this embodiment, preferably, a mounting plate 403 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the floating pressure rod 402, and a second floating spring 405 is provided between the mounting plate 403 and the rotating pressure arm 4, which is sleeved on the outside of the floating pressure rod 402, so that the floating pressure rod 402 can slide within a small range along its own axis within the rotating pressure arm 4, and the second floating spring 405 acts on the floating pressure rod 402 to provide downward initial pressure. A limiting plate is fixedly provided at the top of the floating pressure rod 402 to limit the maximum stroke of the floating pressure rod 402 and prevent it from falling off. In this embodiment, preferably, a rotating seat 406 and a rotating seat 409 are fixedly provided on the back of the rotating pressure arm 4, and mounting brackets 408 are fixedly provided on both sides of the base 1. The top of the mounting bracket 408 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 406 through a connecting shaft 407, which plays a guiding and limiting role in the rotation of the rotating pressure arm 4. In this embodiment, preferably, the rotating seat 409 is rotatably connected to the top of the linkage arm 4011 via the connecting shaft 4010, and the middle part of the slide 502 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the linkage arm 4011 via the connecting shaft 503. When the angle of the linkage arm 4011 changes, it can pull the rotating pressure arm 4 to rotate, and use the main pressure head 401 and the auxiliary pressure head 404 to press the circuit board. In this embodiment, preferably, a fixed seat 505 is fixedly provided at the top of the mounting base 5 near the outer side, and an adjusting screw 506 is rotatably provided at the top of the fixed seat 505. The inner end of the adjusting screw 506 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base 1. An adjusting seat 504 is fixedly provided at the top of the slide 502, and the top of the adjusting seat 504 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 506. The rotation of the adjusting screw 506 can drive the slide 502 to move laterally, thereby driving the linkage arm 4011 to change its angle. In this embodiment, preferably, a rotating wheel 508 is fixedly provided at the outer end of the adjusting screw 506. The rotating wheel 508 can quickly drive the adjusting screw 506 to rotate. Two locking nuts 507 are threaded on the surface of the adjusting screw 506, and the two locking nuts 507 are located on both sides of the adjusting seat 504. The clamping force of the two locking nuts 507 can limit the position of the adjusting seat 504, thereby preventing loosening during the clamping process.

[0020] In use, the operator places the circuit board above the fixture, and the buffer head 302 of the auxiliary support 3 pre-supports the non-pressing area of ​​the board; by rotating the mounting screw 303, the height of the adjustable support column 301 is finely adjusted so that the support surface of the buffer head 302 is slightly lower than the target pressing position of the board, actively counteracting the sag of the board's own weight; the positioning holes of the board are aligned with the positioning pins 202 of the floating positioning component 2, and under the action of gravity, the board pushes the positioning pins 202 downward to compress the floating spring 204 until all positioning holes are completely fitted into the conical / mushroom-shaped spring. The mushroom-shaped positioning pin 202 eliminates positioning interference caused by uneven substrate or component height differences. Rotating the wheel 508 at the end of the adjusting screw 506 clockwise drives the adjusting seat 504, causing the slide 502 to slide inward along the slide rail 501. The slide 502 pulls the linkage arm 4011 via the connecting shaft three 503. The linkage arm 4011, via the connecting shaft two 4010, pushes the rotating pressure arm 4 to rotate downward around the connecting shaft one 407. The main pressure head 401 at the end of the rotating pressure arm 4 contacts the main body area of ​​the substrate first, and its embedded spring... The shock absorber absorbs the impact. As the pressure arm continues to press down, the secondary pressure head 404, guided by the floating pressure rod 402, contacts the sensitive element area or edge of the substrate. The floating spring 405 is compressed, allowing the secondary pressure head 404 to float independently to adapt to local height changes and achieve balanced pressure in different zones. After pressing in place, tighten the locking nuts 507 on both sides of the adjusting screw 506 to lock the position of the slide block 502. Thermal expansion stress release: When the welding temperature rises, the substrate expands longitudinally, pushing the floating positioning pin seat 201 to slide down along the guide hole 103. The first floating spring 204 provides Z-axis expansion space for the substrate, avoiding thermal stress accumulation; the floating pressure bar 402 continuously provides downward pressure under the action of the second floating spring 405, compensating for the pressure fluctuation caused by the thermal deformation of the substrate and preventing poor soldering; the counterclockwise rotation of the wheel 508 causes the slide 502 to move outward, driving the rotating pressure arm 4 to rise, and the main pressure head 401 and the auxiliary pressure head 404 to simultaneously detach from the substrate; the floating positioning pin seat 201 returns to its initial height under the elastic force of the first floating spring 204, facilitating substrate removal.

[0021] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of the present utility model patent application are included in the scope of the present utility model patent application.

Claims

1. A welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, The upper surface of the base (1) is provided with a floating positioning component (2), and an auxiliary support component (3) is installed on the upper surface of the base (1). The support component (3) is distributed in the non-pressurized area on the base (1). T-shaped rotating pressure arms (4) are rotatably provided on both sides of the base (1) above them. A main pressure head (401) is threadedly installed at the end of the rotating pressure arm (4). A floating pressure rod (402) is slidably provided at the end of the rotating pressure arm (4) near the main pressure head (401). A secondary pressure head (404) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the floating pressure rod (402). Mounting seats (5) are fixedly provided at the bottom of both sides of the base (1). A slide rail (501) is fixedly provided at the top of the mounting seat (5). A sliding block (502) is slidably provided on the surface of the slide rail (501). A linkage arm (4011) is rotatably provided between the sliding block (502) and the back of the rotating pressure arm (4). A driving component is provided above the mounting seat (5).

2. The welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is fixedly provided with an L-shaped support leg (101) at the bottom end, and the horizontal end of the support leg (101) is provided with a mounting hole (102).

3. The welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating positioning component (2) includes a floating positioning pin seat (201), a positioning pin (202), and a floating spring (204). The upper surface of the base (1) is provided with a guide hole (103). The floating positioning pin seat (201) is slidably disposed inside the guide hole (103). The number of positioning pins (202) is the same as the number of positioning holes on the circuit board, and their positions correspond. The positioning pins (202) are fixedly installed at the top of the floating positioning pin seat (201). The floating spring (204) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the floating positioning pin seat (201), and the floating spring (204) is located inside the guide hole (103). The spring force of the floating spring (204) is greater than the weight of the floating positioning pin seat (201) and the positioning pin (202), but much less than the pressure of the subsequent clamping mechanism.

4. The welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide hole (103) is provided with sliding grooves (104) on both sides, and the bottom of the floating positioning pin seat (201) is fixedly provided with a slider (203) that slides in cooperation with the sliding groove (104).

5. The welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary support component (3) includes an adjustable support column (301), a buffer head (302) and a mounting screw (303). The buffer head (302) is fixedly installed at the top of the adjustable support column (301), and the mounting screw (303) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the adjustable support column (301). The upper surface of the base (1) is provided with a threaded hole (105) that is threadedly connected to the mounting screw (303).

6. The welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the floating pressure rod (402) is fixedly provided with a mounting plate (403), and a floating spring (405) is provided between the mounting plate (403) and the rotating pressure arm (4) and sleeved on the outside of the floating pressure rod (402). The top of the floating pressure rod (402) is fixedly provided with a limiting plate.

7. The welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back of the rotating pressure arm (4) is fixedly provided with a rotating seat one (406) and a rotating seat two (409), and the two sides of the base (1) are fixedly provided with mounting brackets (408). The top of the mounting bracket (408) is rotatably connected to the rotating seat one (406) through a connecting shaft one (407).

8. The welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating seat 2 (409) is rotatably connected to the top of the linkage arm (4011) via the connecting shaft 2 (4010), and the middle part of the slide (502) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the linkage arm (4011) via the connecting shaft 3 (503).

9. The welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed seat (505) is fixedly provided at the top of the mounting base (5) near the outer side. An adjusting screw (506) is rotatably provided at the top of the fixed seat (505). The inner end of the adjusting screw (506) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base (1). An adjusting seat (504) is fixedly provided at the top of the slide (502). The top of the adjusting seat (504) is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw (506).

10. The welding and positioning fixture for automotive lighting circuit boards according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer end of the adjusting screw (506) is fixed with a rotating wheel (508). The rotating wheel (508) can quickly drive the adjusting screw (506) to rotate. The surface of the adjusting screw (506) is threaded with two locking nuts (507), and the two locking nuts (507) are located on both sides of the adjusting seat (504).

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