Battery device, energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network

Abstract

The application provides a battery device, an energy storage device, an energy storage system and a charging network. The battery device comprises a battery assembly and a high-voltage box. The high-voltage box is connected with the battery assembly; the high-voltage box comprises a box body and a gas-permeable structure. The box body has a first opening and a second opening along a first direction. The gas-permeable structure covers the first opening and / or the second opening. The high-voltage box of the battery device has a good heat dissipation effect, effectively prolongs the service life of the high-voltage box and the battery device. In addition, the risk of impurities such as dust and particles from the outside entering the high-voltage box through the first opening and / or the second opening is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device, energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy sources, the market demands increasingly higher performance from battery devices. Battery devices include high-voltage boxes, which generate a significant amount of heat during operation. If this heat is not dissipated promptly, it will severely impact the lifespan of the high-voltage box, and consequently, the lifespan of the battery device.

[0003] However, existing high-voltage boxes have difficulty dissipating heat and have low heat dissipation efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The battery device, energy storage device, energy storage system, and charging network provided in this application aim to solve the problems of difficult heat dissipation of the high-voltage box and low heat dissipation efficiency in existing battery devices.

[0005] To solve the aforementioned technical problems, the first technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a battery device, which includes a battery assembly and a high-voltage box. The high-voltage box is connected to the battery assembly. The high-voltage box includes a housing and a venting structure. The housing has a first opening and a second opening along a first direction. The venting structure covers the first opening and / or the second opening.

[0006] The aforementioned battery device includes a high-voltage box. This high-voltage box features a first opening and a second opening on its body, enabling open-circuit thermal convection between the inside and outside of the box. Compared to a closed-circuit cooling system, this effectively enhances thermal convection between the internal and external environments of the high-voltage box, improves overall heat dissipation efficiency, reduces the internal temperature, and thus effectively extends the lifespan of the high-voltage box and the battery device, contributing to the continuous and stable operation of the entire battery device. Furthermore, by incorporating a ventilated structure on the first and / or second openings, the device allows hot air inside the high-voltage box to flow out, and / or, when the internal pressure is lower than the external pressure, cool air can be drawn into the high-voltage box, achieving thermal convection between the internal and external environments. This allows heat generated inside the high-voltage box to be carried away through heat conduction and convection. Additionally, it reduces the risk of external dust, particles, and other impurities entering the high-voltage box through the first and / or second openings. When both the first and second openings have ventilated structures, the combined ventilated structures stabilize the internal pressure of the box, improving the overall waterproof reliability of the high-voltage box.

[0007] In one embodiment, along the second direction, the first opening is located at the first end of the box body, and the second opening is located at the second end of the box body; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0008] The above-described design allows the first and second openings to be located at opposite ends of the housing along the second direction. This allows cold air to enter the high-pressure housing through the bottom opening, such as the first opening. Meanwhile, since hot air evaporates upwards, the hot air inside the housing will concentrate at the top. Thus, the hot air can flow directly out of the housing through the top opening, such as the second opening. Compared to a design where both the first and second openings are located at the bottom of the housing, this design is more conducive to the timely discharge of hot air from the housing, reduces the convection resistance of hot air, and improves heat dissipation efficiency.

[0009] In one embodiment, the breathable structure includes a breathable membrane.

[0010] In this way, gas can diffuse freely in both directions through the breathable membrane, balancing the air pressure inside and outside the box and reducing the risks of box bulging, negative pressure dust attraction, and sealant cracking. Furthermore, the micropores on the entire surface of the breathable membrane have more uniform pore size, eliminating any dead zones in the filtration process. In addition, the breathable membrane can be integrated into the first or second opening via adhesive backing, welding, or injection molding, eliminating the need for a large pre-existing ventilation cavity.

[0011] In one embodiment, both the first and second openings are provided with breathable membranes, and the breathable membranes on the first and second openings have the same air permeability. Compared to schemes where the two breathable membranes have different air permeability, the time for the high-pressure box to reach thermal equilibrium can be effectively shortened.

[0012] In one embodiment, the breathable membrane is a waterproof and breathable membrane.

[0013] The above solution can reduce the risk of external liquids entering the box through the breathable membrane.

[0014] In one embodiment, the high-voltage box further includes a heat dissipation structure, which is disposed on the outer wall surface of the box body along a first direction and corresponding to the second opening.

[0015] The above solution involves setting a heat dissipation structure on the outside of the box and aligning the heat dissipation structure with the second opening. This enhances natural convection through the heat dissipation structure, allowing hot air to flow out of the box more quickly, which is more conducive to heat dissipation of the high-voltage box. This can further reduce the temperature inside the high-voltage box and extend its service life.

[0016] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation structure has multiple heat dissipation ducts, which are spaced apart along a third direction and extend along a second direction; wherein the third direction intersects with the first direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to both the first and third directions.

[0017] The above-described solution incorporates multiple heat dissipation ducts into the heat dissipation structure. The negative pressure generated within these ducts contrasts with the high pressure inside the casing, creating a pressure difference that drives the gas inside the casing to flow outwards. This effectively accelerates the gas flow, enhances convection, and thus significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency and effectiveness. Furthermore, by extending the heat dissipation ducts along a second direction, perpendicular to both the first and third directions, the path of the ducts is shortened, facilitating rapid heat dissipation.

[0018] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation structure includes a plurality of heat dissipation fins spaced apart, the heat dissipation fins being connected to the outer wall of the housing, and two adjacent heat dissipation fins defining a heat dissipation duct.

[0019] The above solution uses heat dissipation fins to define and form a heat dissipation airflow channel. This not only accelerates air convection through the heat dissipation airflow channel, but also allows the heat generated by the high-voltage box to be further dissipated through the heat dissipation fins, effectively increasing the heat dissipation area and improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0020] In one embodiment, the high-voltage box further includes a fan located inside the box. Thus, the fan can drive cold air from outside the box into the box and drive hot air from inside the box to flow outwards, enhancing convective heat dissipation and further improving heat dissipation efficiency, thereby reducing the temperature of the high-voltage box.

[0021] In one embodiment, the high-voltage box further includes a sensor and a controller. The sensor is configured to sense the temperature inside the box. The controller is electrically connected to the sensor and is configured to control a fan to start operating when the temperature exceeds a first threshold.

[0022] The above-described solution activates the fan only when the temperature inside the casing exceeds a first threshold, effectively accelerating heat dissipation from the high-voltage box. When the temperature remains below the first threshold, the fan stops operating, and heat dissipation occurs through convection between the first and second openings of the casing and through heat conduction within the casing. This solution not only achieves effective heat dissipation from the high-voltage box, reducing the risk of overheating, but also effectively reduces fan energy consumption.

[0023] In one embodiment, the controller is configured to control the fan to start operating at a first power when the temperature is greater than a first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold; and to control the fan to start operating at a second power when the temperature is greater than the second threshold; wherein the first power is less than the second power.

[0024] The above solution adjusts the fan's operating power according to the temperature inside the high-voltage box, which can effectively dissipate heat from the high-voltage box while reducing fan energy consumption.

[0025] In one embodiment, there are multiple high-voltage boxes, which are stacked along the second direction. This reduces the volume occupied by the multiple high-voltage boxes, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the battery device.

[0026] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation ducts of each high-voltage box completely overlap on a reference plane along the second direction. Compared to a scheme where the heat dissipation ducts of each high-voltage box are staggered along the second direction, the heat dissipation path can be shortened, gas flow resistance can be reduced, thereby effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0027] In one embodiment, the first opening extends along a third direction to both sides of the housing; and / or the second opening extends along a third direction to both sides of the housing, the third direction intersecting with the first direction. This increases the area of ​​the first and / or second openings, allowing more cool air to enter the housing and hot air to exit more quickly, thereby accelerating heat convection and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the high-pressure housing.

[0028] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the second technical solution adopted in this application is to provide an energy storage device, which includes the battery device mentioned above.

[0029] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the third technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide an energy storage system, which includes a power conversion device and the aforementioned energy storage device, wherein the power conversion device is used to electrically connect the power generation device and the energy storage device.

[0030] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the fourth technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a charging network, which includes charging piles and the energy storage device mentioned above, and the energy storage device is used to provide power to the charging piles.

[0031] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging network provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage device in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system in one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-voltage box provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 Provided for an embodiment of this application Figure 4 The diagram shows the disassembly of the high-voltage box. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage box provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 7 Provided for an embodiment of this application Figure 6 The diagram shows the disassembly of the high-voltage box. Figure 8 A heat dissipation path diagram of a high-voltage box provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple high-voltage boxes stacked according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1000 Charging network; 2000 Energy storage system; 3000 Power generation device; 100 Battery device; 200 Energy storage device; 210 Energy storage box; 300 Charging pile; 400 Energy storage converter; 10 High voltage box; 11 Box body; 111 First opening; 112 Second opening; 12 Ventilation structure; 13 Heat dissipation structure; 131 Heat dissipation duct; 132 Heat dissipation fins; 14 Fan. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0037] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] The battery device includes a battery housing, battery modules, and a high-voltage box. The battery modules and high-voltage box are housed within the battery housing. Currently, as the footprint of battery modules gradually increases, the space available for the high-voltage box within the battery housing is being reduced. During operation, the high-voltage box generates increasing heat within its small space, directly impacting the lifespan of the electrical components inside, and indirectly affecting the overall battery device and even the entire energy storage system's operational lifespan.

[0043] Therefore, heat dissipation treatment is needed for the high-voltage box to improve the service life of electrical components and thus meet the lifespan requirements of the energy storage system. However, heat dissipation of existing high-voltage boxes is difficult and the heat dissipation efficiency is low.

[0044] Based on this, this application provides a battery device including a high-voltage box. The high-voltage box has high heat dissipation efficiency, which reduces the temperature inside the high-voltage box and effectively extends the service life of the high-voltage box and the battery device, which is conducive to maintaining the continuous and stable operation of the entire battery device and energy storage system.

[0045] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging network 1000 provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device 200 provided in one embodiment of this application. In one embodiment, a charging network 1000 is provided, which includes a charging pile 300 and an energy storage device 200. The charging pile 300 is used to charge electrical equipment. The energy storage device 200 is electrically connected to the charging pile 300 and is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile 300.

[0047] It should be noted that the charging pile 300 and the battery cells in the energy storage device 200 are electrically connected via cables, and the battery cells can supply their stored electrical energy to the charging pile 300. The charging pile 300 has a connector that can be connected to electrical equipment, thereby replenishing the equipment's power. The application of the energy storage device 200 in this charging network 1000 can effectively improve the safety of the charging network 1000 and also help to enhance the flexibility of the charging network 1000 during deployment.

[0048] In a charging network 1000, there can be one charging pile 300, and the energy storage device 200 provides power to the one charging pile 300; there can also be multiple charging piles 300, and the energy storage device 200 provides power to multiple charging piles 300.

[0049] As an example, such as Figure 1As shown, the charging network 1000 includes an energy storage device 200 and two charging piles 300, with the energy storage device 200 providing power to the two charging piles 300.

[0050] See Figure 2 The energy storage device 200 may include a battery device 100, which is electrically connected to the charging pile 300 so that the battery device 100 can provide power to the charging pile 300.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system 2000 provided in an embodiment of this application. The energy storage system 2000 includes an energy storage converter 400, a power conversion device, and an energy storage device 200.

[0052] The energy storage converter 400 can be electrically connected to the generator 3000 to convert the electrical power provided by the generator 3000. The energy storage device 200 is electrically connected to the energy storage converter 400, and the energy storage converter 400 converts the electrical energy provided by the generator 3000 and then stores it in the energy storage device 200.

[0053] A power conversion device is used to connect the power generation device 3000 and the energy storage device 200. The power generation device 3000 generates electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage device 200 via the power conversion device. The use of the energy storage device 200 in the energy storage system 2000 effectively improves its operational safety. In specific implementations, the power generation device 3000 can be a solar panel, hydroelectric power generation equipment, thermal power generation equipment, etc. This application does not limit the specific type of the power generation device 3000.

[0054] As an example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage system 2000 includes an energy storage device 200 and an energy storage converter 400. The two power generation devices 3000 respectively transmit the generated electrical energy to the energy storage converter 400, and the energy storage converter 400 introduces the electrical energy into the energy storage device 200 for storage.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 2 The energy storage device 200 also includes an energy storage box 210, in which a battery device 100 is installed.

[0056] As an example, the energy storage device 200 can be an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, etc.

[0057] As an example, energy storage device 200 can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. Energy storage power stations can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours. Wind power generation systems collect wind energy from wind turbines, convert it into electrical energy, and store it in energy storage device 200. Solar power generation systems can convert solar energy into electrical energy, store it in energy storage device 200, and supply it to users as needed. Mobile power systems can supply power to relevant electrical equipment in areas where the mains power supply cannot reach, such as remote mountainous areas and remote wilderness areas. Temporary power supply systems can provide power to users when there is insufficient power supply.

[0058] See Figures 4 to 5 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-voltage box provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 Provided for an embodiment of this application Figure 4 The diagram shows the disassembly of the high-voltage box.

[0059] In one embodiment, a battery device 100 is provided, comprising a battery assembly (not shown) and a high-voltage box 10. The high-voltage box 10 is connected to the battery assembly. The high-voltage box 10 includes a housing 11 and a venting structure 12; the housing 11 has a first opening 111 and a second opening 112 along a first direction X. The venting structure 12 covers the first opening 111 and / or the second opening 112.

[0060] A battery assembly comprises multiple battery cells. These battery cells can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form a battery assembly. In other embodiments, the multiple battery cells can first be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof, and then arranged in a fixed manner to form a battery assembly. In still other embodiments, the multiple battery cells can first be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof, and then arranged in a fixed manner to form multiple components, which are then connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form a whole.

[0061] As an example, multiple battery cells can be fixed together to form a battery assembly using cable ties or similar means. As another example, multiple battery cells can also be fixed together to form a battery assembly using end plates, side plates, or similar means.

[0062] The battery cell involved in this application refers to the smallest unit that stores and outputs electrical energy. The battery cell can be a secondary battery or a primary battery. The battery cell can be, but is not limited to, a metal battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery. The battery cell can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.

[0063] A single battery cell may include a casing, electrode assemblies, and other functional components. The casing includes end caps and a bottom shell. An end cap is a component that closes onto the opening of the bottom shell to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell from the external environment. The shape of the end cap may, without limitation, conform to the shape of the bottom shell. Optionally, the end cap may be made of a material with a certain degree of hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cap is less prone to deformation under pressure and impact, giving the battery cell higher structural strength and improving safety performance.

[0064] The end cap may be provided with functional components such as electrode terminals. The electrode terminals can be used for electrical connection with electrode assemblies to output or input electrical energy into the battery cell. In some embodiments, the electrode terminals may include terminals. Terminals may include positive and negative terminals for current output and connection to external circuits. In some embodiments, the end cap may also be provided with an explosion-proof component for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold. The end cap can be made of various materials, including but not limited to copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and plastic. In some embodiments, an insulating component may be provided on the inner side of the end cap to isolate the electrical connection components within the bottom shell from the end cap, reducing the risk of short circuits. For example, the insulating component may be plastic, rubber, etc. The bottom shell is an assembly used to cooperate with the end cap to form the internal environment of the battery cell, wherein the formed internal environment can accommodate electrode assemblies, electrolytes, and other components. The bottom shell and the end cap may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the bottom shell, with the end cap closing the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell. The end cap and bottom shell can be integrated, without limitation. Specifically, the end cap and bottom shell can form a common connecting surface before other components are installed. When it is necessary to encapsulate the interior of the bottom shell, the end cap is then placed over it. The bottom shell can be of various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the bottom shell can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly. The bottom shell can be made of various materials, including but not limited to copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and plastic.

[0065] Electrode assemblies are the components within a single battery cell where electrochemical reactions occur. The bottom casing may contain one or more electrode assemblies. Electrode assemblies are primarily formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode plates, typically with a separator between them. The portions of the positive and negative electrode plates containing active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly, while the portions without active material each form a tab. The positive and negative tabs can be located together at one end of the main body or separately at both ends. During charging and discharging, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs connect to the electrode terminals to form a current loop.

[0066] See Figure 5 The box 11 can be a hollow shell. The first opening 111 and the second opening 112 are opened on both sides of the hollow shell along the first direction X and penetrate the side wall of the hollow shell respectively, so as to communicate with the internal cavity of the hollow shell, thereby forming an open heat convection of the box 11.

[0067] In one example, the first opening 111 and / or the second opening 112 avoid the location where electrical components are installed in the housing 11, so as to reduce the impact of the first opening 111 and / or the second opening 112 on the original distribution of electrical components in the high-voltage box 10.

[0068] In one example, the box 11 includes a first sidewall, a second sidewall, a third sidewall, and a fourth sidewall connected sequentially from end to end. The first and third sidewalls are positioned opposite each other along a first direction X, and the second and fourth sidewalls are positioned opposite each other along a third direction Y. A first opening 111 is formed on the first sidewall, and a second opening 112 is formed on the third sidewall. The third direction Y intersects with the first direction X. In one example, the first direction X is perpendicular to the third direction Y.

[0069] In one example, when the air pressure inside the housing 11 is lower than the air pressure outside the housing 11, cold air from the outside can be drawn into the housing 11 through the first opening 111, and the gas inside the housing 11 can flow out of the housing 11 through the second opening 112. The entire process of heat convection and heat conduction carries away the heat generated by the operation of the electrical components inside the housing 11. All embodiments of this application use this example.

[0070] In one example, the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 are the same size so that the air intake of the first opening 111 per unit time is the same as the air output of the second opening 112 per unit time, thereby enabling the pressure inside and outside the high-pressure box 10 to reach a balance as quickly as possible.

[0071] The shapes of the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 include, but are not limited to, elongated, circular, elliptical, and square shapes.

[0072] In one example, the housing 11 can be a metal housing. For instance, the housing 11 is an aluminum housing. Compared to housings with low thermal conductivity, such as plastic or silicone housings, the metal housing 11 has a higher thermal conductivity, which is more conducive to heat conduction and can increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the high-voltage housing 10 to accelerate heat dissipation.

[0073] In one example, both the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 are equipped with ventilated structures 12. This allows for open-type heat convection within the high-pressure box 10, accelerating heat dissipation. Furthermore, it is understood that if the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 were open, i.e., without ventilated structures 12, external liquids could easily enter the box 11 when severe pressure fluctuations occur inside and outside the high-pressure box 10. However, by providing ventilated structures 12 at both the first opening 111 and the second opening 112, the internal pressure of the box 11 can be stabilized, improving the overall waterproof reliability of the high-pressure box 10.

[0074] Of course, in other examples, the breathable structure 12 can also be covered over one of the openings, the first opening 111 and the second opening 112.

[0075] In one example, only the first and third side walls of the housing 11 have a first opening 111 and a second opening 112, respectively, while the second and fourth side walls of the housing 11 do not have any air inlet or outlet openings. This prevents airflow entering the housing 11 from the first opening 111 from directly exiting through the openings on the second and / or fourth side walls without passing through the electrical components and the second opening 112, or where only a small amount of airflow passes through the electrical components and exits through the second opening 112, thus affecting the heat dissipation of the high-voltage box 10 and causing it to fail to dissipate heat effectively through thermal convection.

[0076] Of course, in some examples, vents can also be opened on the second and fourth side walls near the third side wall to accelerate heat dissipation.

[0077] In one example, the first opening 111 is a notch at the bottom of the first sidewall, and the second opening 112 is a through hole on the third sidewall.

[0078] In one example, the high-voltage box 10 also includes electrical components (not shown), which are housed within the box 11. These electrical components generate a significant amount of heat during operation; if this heat is not dissipated in a timely manner, it can easily damage the components, thereby affecting the lifespan of both the electrical components and the battery device 100.

[0079] In some examples, electrical components include fuses, switches, and busbars. Fuses provide overload and short-circuit protection.

[0080] The battery device 100 provided in this embodiment includes a high-voltage box 10. The high-voltage box 10, by providing a first opening 111 and a second opening 112 on its body 11, enables open-circuit thermal convection between the inside and outside of the high-voltage box 10. Compared to a closed-circuit heat dissipation scheme, this effectively enhances thermal convection between the internal and external environments of the high-voltage box 10, improves the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the high-voltage box 10, reduces the internal temperature of the high-voltage box 10, and thus effectively extends the service life of the high-voltage box 10 and the battery device 100, contributing to the continuous and stable operation of the entire battery device 100. Furthermore, by providing a venting structure 12 on the first opening 111 and / or the second opening 112, it is possible to ensure that hot air inside the high-voltage box 10 can flow to the outside of the high-voltage box 10 through the venting structure 12, and / or that when the internal pressure inside the high-voltage box 10 is lower than the external pressure outside the high-voltage box 10, cold air can be drawn into the high-voltage box 10 through the venting structure 12, thereby achieving thermal convection between the internal and external environments of the high-voltage box 10. This allows the heat generated inside the high-voltage box 10 to be removed through thermal radiation, thermal conduction, and thermal convection processes. On the other hand, the ventilation structure 12 can reduce the risk of external dust, particles and other impurities entering the high-voltage box 10 through the first opening 111 and / or the second opening 112. When ventilation structures 12 are provided in both the first opening 111 and the second opening 112, the ventilation structures 12 can stabilize the pressure inside the box 11 and improve the waterproof reliability of the entire high-voltage box 10.

[0081] In one embodiment, see Figure 5 Along the second direction Z, the first opening 111 is located at the first end of the box body 11, and the second opening 112 is located at the second end of the box body 11; the second direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0082] In one example, the second direction Z is perpendicular to both the first direction X and the third direction Y. For instance, the second direction Z is the height direction of the box 11. The first end of the box 11 is the lower end, or bottom. The second end of the box 11 is the top end, or top.

[0083] In one example, with Figure 5 Taking the orientation shown as an example, the first opening 111 is located at the bottom of the first side wall, and the second opening 112 is located at the top of the third side wall.

[0084] In this embodiment, the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 can be located at both ends of the box body 11 along the second direction Z. In this way, cold air can enter the high-pressure box 10 through the bottom opening, such as the first opening 111; while since hot air will evaporate upward, the hot air inside the box body 11 will concentrate at the top of the box body 11. Thus, the hot air can flow directly out of the box body 11 through the top opening, such as the second opening 112. Compared with the solution of setting both the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 at the bottom of the box body 11, it is more conducive to the timely discharge of hot air inside the box body 11, reducing the convection resistance of hot air and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0085] In one embodiment, see Figure 5 The breathable structure 12 includes a breathable membrane.

[0086] The breathable membrane allows gas to pass through, but not larger dust particles or particulate matter.

[0087] In one example, the breathable membrane can be embedded into the opening vent by adhesive backing, welding, or injection molding.

[0088] Of course, in other examples, the breathable structure 12 can also be a louvered air vent, a beveled air guide grille, perforated foam, metal mesh, etc.

[0089] Compared to ventilation structures 12 such as louvered vents, obliquely cut air guide grilles, perforated foam, and metal mesh, in this embodiment, by making the ventilation structure 12 a breathable membrane, gas can diffuse freely in both directions through the breathable membrane to balance the air pressure inside and outside the box 11, reducing the risks of box 11 bulging, negative pressure dust attraction, and sealant cracking. Furthermore, the micropores on the entire surface of the breathable membrane have more uniform pore size, eliminating filtration dead zones throughout the area. In addition, the breathable membrane is connected to the box 11, eliminating the need for a large ventilation cavity.

[0090] In one embodiment, see Figure 5 Both the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 are provided with breathable membranes, and the breathable membranes provided on the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 have the same air permeability.

[0091] Among them, the air permeability of the breathable membrane refers to the gas flow rate per unit area under a certain pressure difference.

[0092] In this embodiment, compared to the scheme with different ventilation volumes of the two breathable membranes, the time for the high-pressure box 10 to reach thermal equilibrium can be effectively shortened, so as to achieve rapid heat dissipation.

[0093] In one embodiment, the breathable membrane is a waterproof and breathable membrane. This reduces the risk of external liquids entering the housing 11 through the first opening 111 and / or the second opening 112, thereby reducing the risk of internal corrosion and short circuits in electrical components of the high-voltage box 10 while ensuring the dust and water ingress protection level (IP).

[0094] The waterproof and breathable membrane allows gas to pass through while blocking the intrusion of liquids, dust particles, etc. It can balance the internal and external air pressure of the sealed box 11, expel internal moisture, and take into account both heat dissipation performance and high-level waterproof and dustproof protection.

[0095] In one example, the breathable membranes covering the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 are both waterproof and breathable membranes.

[0096] In one illustration, the waterproof and breathable membrane is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane.

[0097] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-voltage box 10 provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 7 Provided for an embodiment of this application Figure 7 The diagram shows the disassembly of the high-voltage box 10.

[0098] In one embodiment, the high-voltage box 10 further includes a heat dissipation structure 13, which is disposed on the outer wall surface of the box body 11 along the first direction X and is disposed corresponding to the second opening 112.

[0099] The heat dissipation structure 13 is configured to drive the gas inside the box 11 to flow out through the second opening 112, so as to further accelerate the heat convection inside and outside the box 11, solve the problem of heat dissipation difficulties in existing high-voltage boxes, and effectively reduce the temperature of the high-voltage box 10.

[0100] In one example, the heat dissipation structure 13 can be connected to the outer wall of the housing 11. The connection method between the heat dissipation structure 13 and the housing 11 is not limited.

[0101] In this embodiment, a heat dissipation structure 13 is provided on the outside of the box 11 and is provided in accordance with the second opening 112. This can enhance natural convection through the heat dissipation structure 13, so that the hot air in the box 11 can flow out of the box 11 faster, which is more conducive to the heat dissipation of the high voltage box 10, and can further reduce the temperature inside the high voltage box 10 and extend the service life of the high voltage box 10.

[0102] In one embodiment, see Figure 6The heat dissipation structure 13 has multiple heat dissipation ducts 131, which are spaced apart along the third direction Y and extend along the second direction Z; wherein the third direction Y intersects the first direction X, and the second direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X and the third direction Y respectively.

[0103] The heat dissipation duct 131 forms a "virtual chimney" in which gas can rise and be discharged naturally.

[0104] In one example, the first direction X is perpendicular to the third direction Y. The second direction Z is perpendicular to both the first direction X and the third direction Y.

[0105] In one example, the orthographic projection of the heat dissipation duct 131 along the first direction X covers the second opening 112 along the second direction Z. In another example, the heat dissipation duct 131 extends along the second direction Z from one edge of the housing 11 to the other edge of the housing 11.

[0106] The number and width of the heat dissipation ducts 131 can be set according to actual needs.

[0107] In this embodiment, by including multiple heat dissipation ducts 131 in the heat dissipation structure 13, the negative pressure generated within the heat dissipation ducts 131 and the high pressure within the housing 11 create a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the housing 11, thereby driving the gas inside the housing 11 to flow outwards, effectively accelerating the gas flow rate, enhancing convection, and thus effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency and effect. Furthermore, by extending the heat dissipation ducts 131 along the second direction Z, and making the second direction Z perpendicular to the first direction X and the third direction Y respectively, the path of the heat dissipation ducts 131 can be shortened, which is beneficial for rapid heat dissipation.

[0108] Of course, in other examples, the heat dissipation structure 13 may also include an active exhaust cooling structure to create a forced negative pressure and accelerate the exhaust of gas from the housing 11. For example, the active exhaust cooling structure may be a centrifugal exhaust fan or an exhaust fan.

[0109] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation structure 13 includes a plurality of spaced heat dissipation fins 132, which are connected to the outer wall of the housing 11, and two adjacent heat dissipation fins 132 define a heat dissipation duct 131.

[0110] The heat dissipation fin 132 refers to a metal extension sheet / rib structure integrally formed or assembled and fixed to the outer wall of the housing 11. In one example, the heat dissipation fin 132 is an aluminum sheet.

[0111] In one example, multiple heat dissipation fins 132 are spaced apart along a third direction Y. Each heat dissipation fin 132 is connected to the housing on one side along the first direction X, and extends in a direction away from the housing 11 on the other side.

[0112] In one example, the heat dissipation fins 132 extend along the second direction Z from one edge of the housing 11 to the other edge.

[0113] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation fins 132 are plate-shaped.

[0114] In this embodiment, a heat dissipation duct 131 is defined by the heat dissipation fins 132. The heat dissipation duct 131 can accelerate air convection, and the heat generated by the high-voltage box 10 can be further dissipated through the heat dissipation fins 132. This effectively increases the contact heat exchange area between the high-voltage box 10 and the air, enhances convection and radiation heat dissipation, and can quickly disperse the internal heat of the high-voltage box 10 into the air, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0115] In one embodiment, see Figure 7 The high-voltage box 10 also includes a fan 14, which is located inside the box body 11.

[0116] The fan 14 is configured to guide the gas inside the box 11 and accelerate the airflow inside the box 11, so that the gas entering the box 11 from the first opening 111 flows toward the position of the second opening 112, thereby accelerating the heat convection inside the box 11 and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0117] In one example, see Figure 7 The fan 14 can be located in the center of the box 11.

[0118] See Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a heat dissipation path diagram of the high-voltage box 10 provided in one embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the heat transfer from thermal radiation to the high-voltage box 10 at low temperatures is minimal, with heat convection being the dominant heat transfer method. Specifically, when the fan 14 is not turned on, it mainly relies on externally enhanced natural convection; when the fan 14 is turned on, it mainly relies on internally forced convection and externally enhanced natural convection. Compared to a closed-box heat dissipation path, this embodiment changes from internally and externally closed heat convection to internally and externally open heat convection, enhancing the convective heat transfer between the internal and external environments of the box 11 and improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the high-voltage box 10.

[0119] In this embodiment, the fan 14 can drive cold air outside the housing 11 to be drawn into the housing 11, and drive hot air inside the housing 11 to flow outwards, thereby enhancing convective heat dissipation and further improving heat dissipation efficiency and reducing the temperature of the high-pressure box 10. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the fan 14 works in conjunction with the heat dissipation structure 13 to jointly enhance thermal convection inside and outside the housing 11, further improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0120] In one embodiment, the high-voltage box 10 further includes a sensor (not shown) and a controller (not shown). The sensor is configured to sense the temperature inside the box 11. The controller is electrically connected to the sensor and is configured to control the fan 14 to start operating when the temperature is greater than a first threshold.

[0121] In one example, when the temperature is less than or equal to a first threshold, the high-voltage box 10 can dissipate heat through thermal convection via the first opening 111 and the second opening 112, thermal conduction within the high-voltage box 10, thermal radiation, and external natural convection. At this time, the electrical components inside the high-voltage box 10 can dissipate heat and operate normally.

[0122] The first threshold can be selected and set according to the actual situation. As long as the temperature inside the high-voltage box 10 is less than or equal to the first threshold, the electrical components inside the high-voltage box 10 can work normally.

[0123] In one example, the sensor is located inside housing 11. For example, the sensor could be a temperature sensor.

[0124] In this embodiment, the fan 14 is only activated when the temperature inside the housing 11 exceeds a first threshold, effectively accelerating heat dissipation from the high-voltage box 10. Conversely, when the temperature inside the housing 11 does not exceed the first threshold, the fan 14 stops operating, and heat dissipation occurs through heat convection between the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 of the housing 11, as well as heat conduction, heat radiation, and external natural convection. This solution not only achieves effective heat dissipation from the high-voltage box 10, reducing the risk of excessively high temperatures inside the high-voltage box 10, but also effectively reduces the energy consumption of the fan 14.

[0125] In one embodiment, the controller is configured to control the fan 14 to start operating at a first power when the temperature is greater than a first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold; and to control the fan 14 to start operating at a second power when the temperature is greater than the second threshold; wherein the first power is less than the second power.

[0126] The difference between the first power and the second power can be selected and set according to actual needs.

[0127] In some examples, multiple thresholds of different sizes can be set, and the temperature range between each two adjacent thresholds corresponds to a working power of the fan 14. The larger the threshold, the greater the working power of the fan 14, and the smaller the threshold, the smaller the working power of the fan 14.

[0128] In this embodiment, the fan 14 is adjusted to start working at different power levels according to the temperature inside the high-voltage box 10, so that the high-voltage box 10 has graded heat dissipation performance, which can effectively dissipate heat from the high-voltage box 10 while reducing the energy consumption of the fan 14.

[0129] In some examples, the battery device 100 also includes other monitoring components electrically connected to the controller, configured to monitor the humidity and / or dew point temperature inside the housing 11 in real time. The dew point temperature refers to the critical temperature at which air, under constant water vapor content and pressure, is cooled to just reach saturation and begins to condense.

[0130] For example, a dew point threshold can be set to prevent the surface temperature of the high-pressure box 10 from falling below the dew point threshold.

[0131] For example, a humidity threshold can be set to dehumidify the high-pressure box 10 when the humidity is greater than the threshold.

[0132] In some examples, when the fan 14 fails and the thermal conductivity, heat dissipation rate, and other parameters of the high-voltage box 10 become abnormal, the high-voltage box 10 will promptly report these issues to the upper-level system for fault logic processing.

[0133] In one embodiment, see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple high-voltage boxes 10 stacked according to an embodiment of this application. The number of high-voltage boxes 10 is multiple, and the multiple high-voltage boxes 10 are stacked along the second direction Z.

[0134] In one example, each high-voltage box 10 has the same structure, and the heat dissipation structure 13 of each high-voltage box 10 is located on the same side of the box body 11 along the first direction X.

[0135] For example, there are three high-voltage boxes 10, which are stacked in sequence.

[0136] In this embodiment, stacking multiple high-voltage boxes 10 on one side can reduce the volume occupied by the multiple high-voltage boxes 10, which is beneficial to miniaturizing the battery device 100.

[0137] In one embodiment, see Figure 9 The heat dissipation air ducts 131 of each high-voltage box 10 are completely projected onto a reference plane along the second direction Z.

[0138] In one example, the two heat dissipation fins 132 corresponding to each heat dissipation duct 131 are on the same straight line along the second direction Z.

[0139] In this embodiment, compared to the scheme in which the heat dissipation air ducts 131 of each high-voltage box 10 are staggered along the second direction Z, the heat dissipation path can be shortened and the gas flow resistance reduced, thereby effectively improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0140] In one embodiment, see Figure 2The first opening 111 extends along the third direction Y to both sides of the box body 11; and / or the second opening 112 extends along the third direction Y to both sides of the box body 11, the third direction Y intersecting with the first direction X.

[0141] In one example, a first opening 111 extends along a third direction Y to both sides of the box body 11; and a second opening 112 extends along a third direction Y to both sides of the box body 11, so as to maximize the air intake and exhaust volume of the box body 11.

[0142] Of course, in other examples, the first opening 111 extends along the third direction Y to the two sides of the box 11, or the second opening 112 extends along the third direction Y to the two sides of the box 11.

[0143] In this embodiment, the area of ​​the first opening 111 and / or the second opening 112 can be increased to allow more cold air to enter the box 11 and allow hot air to flow out of the box 11 faster, thereby accelerating heat convection and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the high-pressure box 10.

[0144] The battery device 100 provided in this application embodiment can be a combination of any one or more of the above embodiments.

[0145] The battery device 100 provided in this application, through structural improvements to the high-voltage box 10, primarily increases the thermal resistance R in the overall heat transfer system. total The changes. Among them, the heat generated by the electrical components inside the high-voltage box 10. and the ambient temperature T outside the box 11 ∞ It is constant. The internal and external temperature difference ΔT of the high-voltage box 10 is further reduced only by reducing the internal wall temperature T2 of the box 11 and the temperature T of the electrical components. s Only then can a new thermal equilibrium state be achieved. The heat generated by the high-pressure box 10... The formula is shown in (1): (1) in, R represents the heat generated by the electrical components inside the high-voltage box 10, expressed in W. ΔT represents the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the box 11, expressed in K. total T represents the total thermal resistance of the high-voltage box 10, expressed in K / W. s The surface temperature of the electrical component is expressed in Kelvin (K). The ambient temperature outside box 11 is expressed in Kelvin (K). This represents the thermal resistance within housing 11, expressed in K / W. The thermal resistance of housing 11 is expressed in K / W. The external thermal resistance of housing 11 is expressed in K / W.

[0146] After thermal equilibrium, combination Figure 8 The heat transfer along each heat transfer path of the high-pressure box 10 The main optimization principle of the high-voltage box 10 provided in this application embodiment is that the high-voltage box 10 directly exchanges heat with the environment, reducing the thermal resistance inside the box 11. Thermal resistance of box 11 The thermal resistance of the housing 11 remains unchanged. Natural convection is enhanced through the heat dissipation duct 131 to reduce the thermal resistance outside the housing 11. Under the new thermal equilibrium, the entire heat dissipation system reduced the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the housing 11, as well as the temperature of the high-pressure housing 10. Specifically, the heat transfer along each heat transfer path... As shown in formula (2): (2) Where T2 is the inner wall temperature of box 11, in K. T3 is the outer wall temperature of box 11, in K.

[0147] Temperature inside high voltage box 10 This can be expressed by formula (3). Since the main heat of the high-voltage box 10 comes from the electrical components inside the box 11, the heat generated per unit time inside the high-voltage box 10 is... It can be simplified to formula (3), which shows that the temperature rise of the high voltage box 10 is mainly concentrated in the ambient temperature of the electrical components and the box body 11.

[0148] (3) In the formula, Q represents the heat generated by all electrical components within the high-voltage box 10 per unit time, in W. I represents the operating current of the high-voltage box 10, in A. R represents the resistance of all electrical components, in Ω; h represents the heat transfer coefficient from the electrical components within the high-voltage box 10 to the inner wall of the box body 11, in W / (m²). 2 .K). A is the heat transfer area of ​​the high-pressure box 10, in m². 2 .

[0149] In one example, the heating electrical components inside the housing 11 of the high-voltage box 10 are copper busbars. See Table 1.

[0150] Table 1 shows the performance indicators of the high-voltage box 10 compared with those of the present application.

[0151] As can be seen from Table 1, the high-voltage box 10 provided in this application embodiment has a T s and The difference was reduced by 58% compared to the control high-voltage box. s The difference compared to T2 was 70% lower than that of the control high-voltage box. totalCompared to the control high-voltage box, the temperature was reduced by 57%. Therefore, the high-voltage box 10 provided in this embodiment significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency, effectively reduces the temperature inside the high-voltage box 10, further extends the service life of electrical components, and improves the overall operating life of the high-voltage box 10 and the battery device 100.

[0152] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: Battery components; The high-voltage box is connected to the battery assembly; The high-voltage box includes: The box body has a first opening and a second opening along a first direction; A breathable structure covers the first opening and / or the second opening.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the first opening is located at the first end of the box body, and the second opening is located at the second end of the box body; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

3. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breathable structure includes a breathable membrane.

4. The battery device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first opening and the second opening are provided with the breathable membrane, and the breathable membrane provided on the first opening and the breathable membrane provided on the second opening have the same air permeability.

5. The battery device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The breathable membrane is a waterproof and breathable membrane.

6. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage box also includes: A heat dissipation structure is provided on the outer wall surface of the box along the first direction and is provided corresponding to the second opening.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat dissipation structure has multiple heat dissipation ducts, which are spaced apart along a third direction and extend along a second direction; wherein the third direction intersects the first direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to both the first direction and the third direction.

8. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heat dissipation structure includes a plurality of heat dissipation fins spaced apart. The heat dissipation fins are connected to the outer wall of the box body, and two adjacent heat dissipation fins define a heat dissipation air duct.

9. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The high-voltage box also includes: The fan is located inside the box.

10. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The high-voltage box also includes: A sensor is configured to sense the temperature inside the housing; A controller, electrically connected to the sensor, is configured to control the fan to start operating when the temperature is greater than a first threshold.

11. The battery device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The controller is configured to control the fan to start operating at a first power when the temperature is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold; and to control the fan to start operating at a second power when the temperature is greater than the second threshold; wherein the first power is less than the second power.

12. The battery device according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that, The number of high-voltage boxes is multiple, and the multiple high-voltage boxes are stacked along the second direction.

13. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The heat dissipation ducts of each of the high-voltage boxes are completely projected onto a reference plane along the second direction.

14. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The first opening extends along a third direction to both sides of the box body; and / or the second opening extends along the third direction to both sides of the box body, the third direction intersecting with the first direction.

15. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes the battery device as described in any one of claims 1-14.

16. An energy storage system, characterized in that, It includes a power conversion device and an energy storage device as described in claim 15, wherein the power conversion device is used to electrically connect the power generation device and the energy storage device.

17. A charging network, characterized in that, It includes a charging pile and an energy storage device as described in claim 15, the energy storage device being used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

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