Photovoltaic components and photovoltaic modules

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of photovoltaic component and photovoltaic module.The photovoltaic component includes first substrate, cell layer and second substrate.The cell layer is arranged on the side of first substrate;Second substrate is arranged on the side of cell layer away from first substrate, and second substrate includes first body and multiple light-transmitting components, multiple light-transmitting components are arranged on first body, the first end of light-transmitting component is located on the side of first body away from cell layer, the second end of light-transmitting component is located on the other side of first body, and the second end of light-transmitting component is towards cell layer.The application forms the mode of second substrate by combining first body with multiple light-transmitting components, so that multiple light-transmitting components can transmit light, to facilitate cell layer to generate electricity, and the reflectivity of first body to light is lower than the reflectivity of light-transmitting component to light, first body can prevent the light irradiated to itself from reflecting to external space, inhibit glary phenomenon, and further avoid light pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar photovoltaic technology, and more specifically, to a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in related technologies, the front cover of traditional flat photovoltaic tiles is mostly made of glass. Due to its high light transmittance and good durability, it is widely used on the surface of photovoltaic products. However, the glass surface is smooth and has a high reflectivity, making it prone to glare. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0004] Therefore, the first aspect of this utility model proposes a photovoltaic component.

[0005] The second aspect of this utility model provides a photovoltaic module.

[0006] In view of the above, a first aspect of the present invention provides a photovoltaic component, including a first substrate, a battery layer, and a second substrate. The battery layer is disposed on one side of the first substrate; the second substrate is disposed on the side of the battery layer away from the first substrate. The second substrate includes a first body and a plurality of light-transmitting components. The plurality of light-transmitting components are disposed on the first body. The first end of the light-transmitting component is located on the side of the first body away from the battery layer, and the second end of the light-transmitting component is located on the other side of the first body, facing the battery layer.

[0007] In this technical solution, the photovoltaic component includes a first substrate, a cell layer, and a second substrate. The photovoltaic component receives sunlight to generate electricity. The first and second substrates protect the cell layer from environmental influences.

[0008] The battery layer is disposed on one side of the first substrate to achieve the arrangement of the first substrate, so that the first substrate serves as a supporting and protective layer for the bottom layer. The second substrate is disposed on the side of the battery layer away from the first substrate to achieve the arrangement of the second substrate, so that the first substrate and the second substrate sandwich the battery layer in the middle, and the second substrate covers the battery layer to form a double substrate protection system.

[0009] The second substrate includes a first body and multiple light-transmitting components. The multiple light-transmitting components are disposed on the first body to achieve the arrangement of the multiple light-transmitting components. The first end of each light-transmitting component is located on the side of the first body away from the battery layer. This side of the first body away from the battery layer is the side that can receive light; therefore, light can enter the light-transmitting component through its first end. The second end of each light-transmitting component is located on the other side of the first body, facing the battery layer. That is, the light-transmitting components are located on opposite sides of the first body. When light enters the light-transmitting component through its first end, it can exit through its second end, illuminating the battery layer and providing a light source. This allows the battery layer to convert light energy into electrical energy, thereby generating electricity. One end of each light-transmitting component receives external light, while the other end guides it to the battery layer. The first body is made of an opaque material; light shining on the first body does not guide the light to the battery layer. Only light shining on the light-transmitting components is conducted to the battery layer. Furthermore, the reflectivity of the first body to light is lower than that of the light-transmitting component. The first body can prevent the light that shines on it from being reflected into the external space. Therefore, compared to the method of using glass material for the entire front cover of the photovoltaic panel, the area of ​​the second substrate that reflects light is reduced. The second substrate can reduce the glare problem caused by reflection.

[0010] This application combines a first body with multiple light-transmitting components to form a second substrate, enabling the multiple light-transmitting components to transmit light so that the battery layer can generate electricity. Furthermore, the reflectivity of the first body to light is lower than that of the light-transmitting components. The first body can prevent light that shines on it from being reflected into the external space. Compared with photovoltaic tiles using glass substrates, this reduces the reflection of light by the photovoltaic components, avoids excessive sunlight reflection by the second substrate that could affect human visual comfort, thereby suppressing glare and mitigating the impact of light pollution on people.

[0011] Glare refers to the phenomenon where intense sunlight reflected from photovoltaic (PV) components shines directly on a person, causing excessive eye strain, discomfort, or temporary blindness. Therefore, glare affects visual comfort and may pose safety hazards. In related technologies, the front cover of PV tiles is typically made of glass, which reflects intense sunlight, causing glare. However, the PV component in this application generates electricity by receiving light through a light-transmitting component mounted on a second substrate. The first body of the second substrate is not made of a light-transmitting material, and its reflectivity is lower than that of the light-transmitting component. Therefore, when sunlight shines on the PV component, the reflection of light is reduced. Compared to using glass for the front cover, this significantly reduces sunlight reflection, thus suppressing glare and avoiding light pollution.

[0012] Specifically, the second substrate is the front cover plate, and the first body is made of building materials, such as concrete, cement, or clay. In other words, the first body includes a cement body, a concrete body, or a clay body. The reflectivity of concrete, cement, or clay is lower than that of light-transmitting components made of glass. By combining building materials with light-transmitting components, arranging the components in a specific order, and filling the spaces between multiple components with building materials, a front cover plate with a certain light transmittance is manufactured through a sintering process. The outer surface of the second substrate resembles the appearance of the building material, making it more compatible with the building structure.

[0013] In some technical solutions of this utility model, optionally, multiple light-transmitting components are arranged along the length direction of the first body, and / or multiple light-transmitting components are arranged along the width direction of the first body.

[0014] In some technical solutions of this utility model, optionally, the distance between adjacent light-transmitting components among a plurality of light-transmitting components is a first distance, which is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0015] In some technical solutions of this utility model, optionally, the first end of the light-transmitting component has a first surface, the second end of the light-transmitting component has a second surface, and the shape of the first surface is the same as the shape of the second surface.

[0016] In some technical solutions of this utility model, optionally, the distance between the first end of the light-transmitting component and the second end of the light-transmitting component is the second distance, and the second distance is the same as the thickness of the first body; the second distance is greater than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to 5mm.

[0017] In some technical solutions of this utility model, optionally, the volume of the plurality of light-transmitting components is the first volume, and the volume of the second substrate is the second volume; the ratio of the first volume to the second volume is greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 30%.

[0018] Optionally, in some technical solutions of this utility model, the photovoltaic component further includes a first adhesive film layer and a second adhesive film layer. The first adhesive film layer is located between the first substrate and the cell layer; the second adhesive film layer is located between the second substrate and the cell layer.

[0019] Optionally, in some technical solutions of this utility model, the first body and the light-transmitting component are an integral structure.

[0020] In some technical solutions of this utility model, optionally, the first body has multiple mounting holes, each of the multiple mounting holes penetrates the first body along the thickness direction of the first body, and multiple light-transmitting components are respectively disposed in the multiple mounting holes.

[0021] A second aspect of this invention provides a photovoltaic module, including a photovoltaic component and a junction box as described in any of the above-mentioned technical solutions. The junction box is connected to the cell layer of the photovoltaic component.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a photovoltaic component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a light-transmitting component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a third schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of a photovoltaic component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a process flow diagram of the manufacturing process of a second substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a mold according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the attached figures, the following labels are used:

[0033] 100 Photovoltaic component, 102 First substrate, 104 Battery layer, 106 Second substrate, 108 First body, 110 Light-transmitting component, 112 Mounting hole, 114 First adhesive film layer, 116 Second adhesive film layer, 118 First surface, 120 Second surface, 200 Junction box, 300 Photovoltaic module, 600 Mold. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0035] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] The following reference Figures 1 to 8 The present invention describes a photovoltaic component 100 and a photovoltaic module 300 according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides a photovoltaic component 100, including a first substrate 102, a battery layer 104, and a second substrate 106. The battery layer 104 is disposed on one side of the first substrate 102; the second substrate 106 is disposed on the side of the battery layer 104 away from the first substrate 102. The second substrate 106 includes a first body 108 and a plurality of light-transmitting components 110. The plurality of light-transmitting components 110 are disposed on the first body 108. The first end of the light-transmitting component 110 is located on the side of the first body 108 away from the battery layer 104, and the second end of the light-transmitting component 110 is located on the other side of the first body 108, with the second end of the light-transmitting component 110 facing the battery layer 104.

[0038] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic component 100 includes a first substrate 102, a battery layer 104, and a second substrate 106. The photovoltaic component 100 receives sunlight to generate electricity. The first substrate 102 and the second substrate 106 can protect the battery layer 104 from environmental influences.

[0039] A battery layer 104 is disposed on one side of a first substrate 102 to arrange the first substrate 102, making the first substrate 102 a supporting and protective layer at the bottom. A second substrate 106 is disposed on the side of the battery layer 104 away from the first substrate 102 to arrange the second substrate 106, such that the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 106 sandwich the battery layer 104 in the middle, and the second substrate 106 covers the battery layer 104 to form a double substrate protection system.

[0040] The second substrate 106 includes a first body 108 and a plurality of light-transmitting components 110. The plurality of light-transmitting components 110 are disposed on the first body 108 to achieve the arrangement of the plurality of light-transmitting components 110. The first end of the light-transmitting component 110 is located on the side of the first body 108 away from the battery layer 104. The side of the first body 108 away from the battery layer 104 is the side that can receive light. Therefore, light can enter the light-transmitting component 110 through the first end of the light-transmitting component 110. The second end of the light-transmitting component 110 is located on the other side of the first body 108, facing the battery layer 104. That is, the light-transmitting components 110 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the first body 108. When light enters the light-transmitting component 110 through the first end of the light-transmitting component 110, it can be emitted through the second end of the light-transmitting component 110 and illuminate the battery layer 104, thereby providing a light source for the battery layer 104, enabling the battery layer 104 to convert light energy into electrical energy, thereby generating electricity. One end of the light-transmitting component 110 receives external light, while the other end guides it to the battery layer 104. The first body 108 is made of an opaque material; when light shines on the first body 108, it is not guided to the battery layer 104. Only the light that shines on the light-transmitting component 110 is conducted to the battery layer 104. Furthermore, the reflectivity of the first body 108 is lower than that of the light-transmitting component 110. The first body 108 can prevent light that shines on it from being reflected into the external space. Therefore, compared to using glass for the entire front cover of the photovoltaic panel, the area of ​​the second substrate 106 that reflects light is reduced, and the second substrate 106 can reduce glare caused by reflection.

[0041] This application combines a first body 108 with multiple light-transmitting components 110 to form a second substrate 106, enabling the multiple light-transmitting components 110 to transmit light so that the battery layer 104 can generate electricity. Furthermore, the reflectivity of the first body 108 to light is lower than that of the light-transmitting components 110. The first body 108 can prevent the light that shines on it from being reflected into the external space. Compared with photovoltaic tiles using glass substrates, this can reduce the reflection of light by the photovoltaic components 100, avoid the second substrate 106 reflecting too much sunlight and affecting human visual comfort, thereby suppressing glare and avoiding the impact of light pollution on people.

[0042] Specifically, glare refers to the phenomenon where intense sunlight reflected from the photovoltaic component 100 shines on a person, causing excessive eye strain, discomfort, or temporary blindness. Therefore, glare affects visual comfort and may pose safety hazards. Consequently, related technologies often use glass for the front cover of photovoltaic tiles, which reflects intense sunlight, causing glare. In contrast, the photovoltaic component 100 in this application receives light through a light-transmitting component 110 on a second substrate 106, enabling it to generate electricity. The first body 108 of the second substrate 106 is not made of a light-transmitting material, and its reflectivity is lower than that of the light-transmitting component 110. Therefore, when sunlight shines on the photovoltaic component 100, the reflection of light is reduced. Compared to using glass for the front cover, this method reduces sunlight reflection, thus suppressing glare and avoiding light pollution.

[0043] Specifically, the second substrate 106 is a front cover plate, and the first body 108 is made of building materials, such as concrete, cement, or clay. That is, the first body 108 includes a cement body, a concrete body, or a clay body. The reflectivity of concrete, cement, or clay is lower than that of the light-transmitting component 110 made of glass. By combining the building material with the light-transmitting component 110, arranging the light-transmitting components 110 in a certain order, and filling the spaces between multiple light-transmitting components 110 with building material, a front cover plate with a certain light transmittance is formed through a sintering process. The outer surface of the second substrate 106 has the appearance of the building material, making it more compatible with the building.

[0044] Specifically, the light-transmitting component 110 is a light guide post, which is a regular cuboid, prism, or cylinder. When light enters from the light guide post on the front side of the second substrate 106, it exits from the light guide post on the back side. The light illuminates the power generation unit, providing a light source for the power generation unit. The battery layer 104 includes the power generation unit.

[0045] Specifically, by designing the laying density of the light-transmitting component 110 and pre-treating the light-transmitting component 110, the pre-treatment method is as follows: a coupling agent is applied to the base surface of the light-transmitting component 110 and the first body 108. While ensuring the light transmittance for power generation, the bonding force between the light-transmitting component 110 and the first body 108 can be enhanced, preventing the light-transmitting component 110 from detaching from the first body 108. This allows the second substrate 106 to balance light transmittance, mechanical strength, and the appearance of building materials.

[0046] Specifically, the light-transmitting component 110 is made of glass fiber, glass, or other transparent materials.

[0047] Specifically, the battery layer 104 is a crystalline silicon battery, a thin-film battery, or a perovskite battery.

[0048] Specifically, the first substrate 102 is a back cover plate, which is made of polymer material and is used to support and protect the battery layer 104 inside the photovoltaic component 100.

[0049] Specifically, photovoltaic component 100 is a photovoltaic tile.

[0050] In some embodiments of this utility model, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple light-transmitting components 110 are arranged along the length direction of the first body 108, and / or multiple light-transmitting components 110 are arranged along the width direction of the first body 108.

[0051] In this embodiment, multiple light-transmitting components 110 are arranged along the length direction of the first body 108 to enable the installation of multiple light-transmitting components 110, allowing the battery layer 104 to receive light along the length direction of the first body 108. Multiple light-transmitting components 110 are also arranged along the width direction of the first body 108 to enable the installation of multiple light-transmitting components 110, allowing the battery layer 104 to receive light along the width direction of the first body 108. The multiple light-transmitting components 110 are arranged along both the length and width directions of the first body 108, thereby making reasonable use of the space of the first body 108 and ensuring the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic component 100 while avoiding glare. By adjusting the arrangement of the multiple light-transmitting components 110, the continuity of the reflective surface of the second substrate 106 is reduced, improving the light energy utilization rate and the stability of the anti-glare effect.

[0052] Specifically, multiple light-transmitting components 110 are arranged along the length direction of the first body 108.

[0053] Specifically, multiple light-transmitting components 110 are arranged along the width direction of the first body 108.

[0054] Specifically, multiple light-transmitting components 110 are arranged along the length direction of the first body 108, and multiple light-transmitting components 110 are arranged along the width direction of the first body 108.

[0055] Specifically, in Figure 2 In the diagram, arrow A represents the length direction of the first body 108, and arrow B represents the width direction of the first body 108.

[0056] In some embodiments of this utility model, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the distance between adjacent light-transmitting components 110 in the plurality of light-transmitting components 110 is the first distance, which is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0057] In this embodiment, the distance between adjacent light-transmitting components 110 is a first distance, which is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm, to adjust the arrangement distance. By setting the distance between adjacent light-transmitting components 110 to 1 mm to 20 mm, the density of the light-transmitting components 110 can be adjusted to ensure light transmission while avoiding a decrease in structural strength due to excessively small spacing and an impact on light transmittance due to excessively large spacing. Therefore, by adjusting the distance between adjacent light-transmitting components 110, both light energy utilization and anti-glare effects are balanced.

[0058] Specifically, the first distance is 1 mm.

[0059] Specifically, the first distance is 3mm.

[0060] Specifically, the first distance is 5mm.

[0061] Specifically, the first distance is 10mm.

[0062] Specifically, the first distance is 20mm.

[0063] Specifically, in Figure 2 In this context, C represents the first distance.

[0064] In some embodiments of this utility model, optionally, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first end of the light-transmitting component 110 has a first surface 118, and the second end of the light-transmitting component 110 has a second surface 120. The shape of the first surface 118 is the same as the shape of the second surface 120.

[0065] In this embodiment, the first end of the light-transmitting component 110 has a first surface 118, and the second end of the light-transmitting component 110 has a second surface 120. The first surface 118 has the same shape as the second surface 120. The first surface 118 serves as the light-incident end of the light-transmitting component 110, and the second surface 120 serves as the light-emitting end, directly contacting the battery layer 104 to ensure that the received light can illuminate the battery layer 104, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the fact that the first surface 118 has the same shape as the second surface 120 facilitates the production and manufacturing of the light-transmitting component 110, reducing production costs.

[0066] Specifically, the light-transmitting component 110 is in the shape of a cuboid, and both the first surface 118 and the second surface 120 are squares or rectangles.

[0067] Specifically, the light-transmitting component 110 is a cylinder, and both the first surface 118 and the second surface 120 are circular.

[0068] Specifically, the light-transmitting component 110 is a prism, and the first surface 118 and the second surface 120 are both polygons.

[0069] In some embodiments of this utility model, optionally, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the distance between the first end of the light-transmitting component 110 and the second end of the light-transmitting component 110 is the second distance, which is the same as the thickness of the first body 108; the second distance is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0070] In this embodiment, the distance between the first end and the second end of the light-transmitting component 110 is called the second distance. This second distance is the same as the thickness of the first body 108, allowing the light-transmitting component 110 to match the first body 108 and preventing it from protruding from the light-receiving side of the first body 108, thus improving the aesthetics of the second substrate 106. Furthermore, it also prevents the light-transmitting component 110 from protruding from the side of the first body 108 facing the battery layer 104 after installation, preventing damage to the battery layer 104 from a protruding component. The second distance is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm, allowing for adjustment of the height of the light-transmitting component 110. By setting the height of the light-transmitting component 110 within a predetermined range, it avoids excessive height leading to protrusion and insufficient height preventing light from reaching the battery layer 104 for power generation. Therefore, by adjusting the height of the light-transmitting component 110, both light transmittance and power generation efficiency can be guaranteed.

[0071] Specifically, the second distance is 2mm.

[0072] Specifically, the second distance is 4mm.

[0073] Specifically, the second distance is 5mm.

[0074] Specifically, in Figure 3 In this context, D represents the second distance.

[0075] Specifically, in Figure 2 In the figure, F represents the thickness of the first body 108.

[0076] In some embodiments of this utility model, optionally, the volume of the plurality of light-transmitting components 110 is a first volume, and the volume of the second substrate 106 is a second volume; the ratio of the first volume to the second volume is greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 30%.

[0077] In this embodiment, the volume of the plurality of light-transmitting components 110 is a first volume, and the volume of the second substrate 106 is a second volume. The density of the light-transmitting components 110 is adjusted by setting the ratio of the first volume to the second volume to be greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 30%. By setting the ratio of the first volume to the second volume within this range, a balance is achieved between light transmission efficiency and the structural strength of the second substrate 106, ensuring that the light-transmitting components 110 can capture light and preventing the light-transmitting components 110 from excessively occupying space in the second substrate 106, which would lead to a decrease in the structural strength of the second substrate 106. Therefore, the method of setting the ratio of the first volume to the second volume to be greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 30% can balance the light transmittance and mechanical strength of the second substrate 106, and also solve the problem of glare on the second substrate 106.

[0078] Specifically, the ratio of the first volume to the second volume is 5%.

[0079] Specifically, the ratio of the first volume to the second volume is 10%.

[0080] Specifically, the ratio of the first volume to the second volume is 30%.

[0081] In some embodiments of this utility model, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic component 100 also includes a first encapsulant layer 114 and a second encapsulant layer 116. The first encapsulant layer 114 is located between the first substrate 102 and the cell layer 104; the second encapsulant layer 116 is located between the second substrate 106 and the cell layer 104.

[0082] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic component 100 further includes a first adhesive film layer 114 and a second adhesive film layer 116. The first adhesive film layer 114 is located between the first substrate 102 and the battery layer 104, ensuring a stable connection between the first substrate 102 and the battery layer 104, preventing detachment and improving the structural durability of the photovoltaic component 100. The second adhesive film layer 116 is located between the second substrate 106 and the battery layer 104, ensuring a stable connection between the second substrate 106 and the battery layer 104, preventing detachment. By using the first adhesive film layer 114 and the second adhesive film layer 116, the stability of the battery layer 104 after installation can be improved, extending the service life of the photovoltaic component 100.

[0083] Specifically, the first film layer 114 and the second film layer 116 can be encapsulation materials commonly used in the photovoltaic field, such as POE (Polyolefin Rlastomer), EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate), PVB (Polyvinylbutyral), or silicone.

[0084] In some embodiments of this utility model, the first body 108 and the light-transmitting component 110 are optionally integrated.

[0085] In this embodiment, the first body 108 and the light-transmitting component 110 are an integral structure. The first body 108 can be made of building materials, such as concrete, cement, or clay. By combining the building materials with the light-transmitting component 110, the light-transmitting components 110 are arranged in a certain order, and the space between multiple light-transmitting components 110 is filled with building materials. The second substrate 106 with an integral structure is made by sintering process, so that the connection between the light-transmitting component 110 and the first body 108 is tighter, improving the structural stability and durability of the second substrate 106, preventing the light-transmitting component 110 from detaching from the first body 108, thereby improving the service life of the photovoltaic component 100.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, the first body 108 has a plurality of mounting holes 112, each of the plurality of mounting holes 112 penetrating the first body 108 along the thickness direction of the first body 108, and a plurality of light-transmitting components 110 are respectively disposed in the plurality of mounting holes 112.

[0087] In this embodiment, the first body 108 has a plurality of mounting holes 112. Each mounting hole 112 penetrates the first body 108 along its thickness direction to achieve the arrangement of the plurality of mounting holes 112. That is, the first body 108 can be a prefabricated part, and the plurality of mounting holes 112 are pre-formed on the first body 108 so as to install the plurality of light-transmitting components 110 through the plurality of mounting holes 112. By setting the mounting holes 112 through the thickness direction of the first body 108, the installation of the light-transmitting components 110 can be positioned to ensure that the light transmission path matches the depth of the substrate structure, thus avoiding the problem of surface unevenness caused by the protrusion of the light-transmitting components 110.

[0088] Specifically, in Figure 2 In the diagram, arrow G indicates the thickness direction of the first body 108.

[0089] Table 1. Composition and Proportion of Front Cover Material

[0090]

[0091] Specifically, the second substrate 106 is the front cover plate, and the light-transmitting component 110 is a cuboid-shaped light guide column. The first surface 118 is the upper surface, and the second surface 120 is the lower surface. Both the upper and lower surfaces are square. The surface size of the light guide column ranges from 1mm to 2mm, the height of the light guide column ranges from 2mm to 5mm, the spacing between the light guide columns ranges from 1mm to 20mm, and the volume ratio of the light guide columns is 5% to 30%. The higher the light guide column density, the higher the light transmittance of the front panel, but the material strength will be reduced to a certain extent. Further, with a light guide column surface size of 1mm × 1mm, a spacing of 3mm, and a density of 20%, i.e., the volume ratio of the light guide columns is 20%, it can balance light transmittance, material glare, and mechanical strength. The effect of different light guide column densities on light transmittance is shown in Table 1.

[0092] A second aspect of this invention provides a photovoltaic module 300, including a photovoltaic component 100 and a junction box 200 as described in any of the above embodiments. The junction box 200 is connected to the cell layer 104 of the photovoltaic component 100.

[0093] In this embodiment, since the photovoltaic module 300 has the photovoltaic component 100 of any of the above embodiments, it has all the beneficial effects of the photovoltaic component 100 of any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0094] The junction box 200 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic component 100, enabling the photovoltaic component 100 to connect to external devices through the junction box 200, thereby achieving power output and supplying power to the external devices.

[0095] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the manufacturing process of photovoltaic components includes:

[0096] Step 402: Arrange multiple light-transmitting components inside the mold;

[0097] Step 404: The substrate is injected into the mold, and the substrate fills the space between multiple light-transmitting components;

[0098] Step 406: The substrate inside the mold is cured to obtain the second substrate;

[0099] Step 408: Connect the second substrate to one side of the battery layer;

[0100] Step 410: Connect the first substrate to the other side of the battery layer to obtain a photovoltaic component.

[0101] In this embodiment, multiple light-transmitting components are arranged within a mold to facilitate their fixation and alignment along predetermined positions. A substrate is injected into the mold, filling the spaces between the light-transmitting components. This substrate serves as the raw material for the first body of the second substrate. The substrate within the mold is then cured to obtain the second substrate, ensuring the multiple light-transmitting components are stably positioned on the first body. The second substrate is connected to one side of the battery layer, and the first substrate is connected to the other side of the battery layer to obtain a photovoltaic component. The first and second substrates sandwich the battery layer, with the second substrate covering the battery layer to form a double-substrate protection system. By combining the first body with the multiple light-transmitting components to form the second substrate, the components can transmit light, enabling the battery layer to generate electricity. Furthermore, the reflectivity of the first body is lower than that of the light-transmitting components, preventing light from reflecting off it into the external space. Compared to photovoltaic tiles using glass substrates, this reduces light reflection from the photovoltaic component and suppresses glare.

[0102] Specifically, in Figure 8 In the middle, the second substrate 106 is located inside the mold 600.

[0103] In some embodiments of this utility model, optionally, after arranging multiple light-transmitting components in the mold, the manufacturing process further includes: coating the periphery of each of the multiple light-transmitting components with a coupling agent.

[0104] In this embodiment, a coupling agent is coated around the periphery of each of the multiple light-transmitting components. By coating the light-transmitting components with the coupling agent, the bonding force between the light-transmitting components and the first body can be enhanced, preventing the light-transmitting components from detaching from the first body. This allows the second substrate to balance light transmittance, mechanical strength, and the appearance of building materials.

[0105] In some embodiments of this utility model, optionally, arranging multiple light-transmitting components within the mold includes: laying an optical fiber positioning grid within the mold to fix the multiple light-transmitting components. By using the optical fiber positioning grid to fix the light-transmitting components, the multiple light-transmitting components can be arranged according to a preset spacing, preventing changes in the position of the light-transmitting components after subsequent injection and collection, thereby improving the accuracy of the position of the light-transmitting components.

[0106] In some embodiments of this utility model, optionally, injecting the substrate into the mold and filling the substrate between multiple light-transmitting components includes: mixing cement, aggregate and additives and stirring for a first preset time; after mixing and stirring the cement, aggregate and additives, adding water and water-reducing agent and continuing to stir to obtain the substrate; and injecting the substrate into the mold under a first pressure vacuum state.

[0107] In this embodiment, the slump of the substrate is 180mm to 220mm, the aggregate is silica sand (silicon dioxide) with a particle size ≤0.5mm, the first preset time is 3 to 5 minutes, and the first pressure is 0.1MPa. Injecting the slurry under a vacuum of 0.1MPa eliminates air bubbles, resulting in a porosity of <1% within the mold. Titanium dioxide is used as an additive to give the surface of the second substrate a self-cleaning function. A water-reducing agent controls the flowability of the mixed liquid. Low-alkali silicate cement is used. The light-transmitting component is made of glass fiber, providing light guiding functionality.

[0108] In some embodiments of this invention, optionally, curing the substrate within the mold to obtain the second substrate includes: curing the substrate at a constant temperature of 60°C to 80°C for 8 to 12 hours; polishing the surface of the cured substrate; and cutting the polished substrate to obtain the second substrate. Curing the substrate allows the cement to fully harden, increasing the strength of the substrate. Polishing the surface of the cured substrate using a diamond grinding wheel results in a surface roughness ≤0.1 μm (micrometers).

[0109] Table 2. Composition and Proportion of Front Cover Material

[0110]

[0111] Specifically, the light-transmitting component is a light guide column, and the second substrate is a front cover plate. The main component of the second substrate is a combination of building materials and the light guide column, and other auxiliary materials need to be added. The material composition and proportion are shown in Table 2; for example... Figure 7As shown, the front cover plate manufacturing process is as follows: Step 502, mold pretreatment: Fiber optic positioning mesh is laid inside the mold to fix the glass fiber, with a spacing of 3mm between the glass fibers. Step 504, glass fiber treatment: The glass fiber body has dimensions of 1mm × 1mm × 3mm. The glass fiber is coated with a silane coupling agent (KH-550). KH-550 represents a silane coupling agent, its chemical name is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, which can improve the bonding strength between the glass fiber and cement. Step 506, cement paste preparation: Cement, aggregate (quartz sand, particle size ≤0.5mm), and additives are mechanically stirred for 3 to 5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing. The quartz sand (silica) has a nano-scale size, thus filling the pores and improving the density. After the components are uniformly mixed, water (water-cement ratio 0.28 to 0.32) and a water-reducing agent are added, and the mixture is stirred at high speed to achieve a slump range of 180mm to 220mm. Step 508, Cement slurry pouring: Inject the slurry under a vacuum of 0.1 MPa to eliminate air bubbles (porosity <1%) in the slurry within the mold. Step 510, Cement slurry molding. Step 512, Slab curing: Curing at a constant temperature of 60°C to 80°C for 8 to 12 hours to ensure complete cement hardening and accelerate strength. Step 514, Surface polishing: Polish with a diamond grinding wheel until the surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.1 μm to reduce light scattering. Ra (Arithmetic Average Roughness) is used to represent the magnitude of surface roughness. Step 516, Finished product cutting: Cut the polished cement slab to obtain the second substrate of the finished product.

[0112] In the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this utility model, the term "plural" refers to two or more objects. Unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description process, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have the described specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, these descriptions should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. The terms "connect," "install," "fix," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection between multiple objects, a detachable connection between multiple objects, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection between multiple objects or an indirect connection between multiple objects through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood based on the specific circumstances described above.

[0113] In the claims, description, and drawings of this utility model, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In the claims, description, and drawings of this utility model, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0114] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic component, characterized in that, include: First substrate; A battery layer is disposed on one side of the first substrate; The second substrate is disposed on the side of the battery layer away from the first substrate. The second substrate includes a first body and a plurality of light-transmitting components. The plurality of light-transmitting components are disposed on the first body. The first end of the light-transmitting component is located on the side of the first body away from the battery layer, and the second end of the light-transmitting component is located on the other side of the first body, with the second end of the light-transmitting component facing the battery layer.

2. The photovoltaic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of light-transmitting components are arranged along the length direction of the first body, and / or the plurality of light-transmitting components are arranged along the width direction of the first body.

3. The photovoltaic component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between adjacent light-transmitting components in the plurality of light-transmitting components is a first distance, which is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

4. The photovoltaic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the light-transmitting component has a first surface, and the second end of the light-transmitting component has a second surface, wherein the shape of the first surface is the same as the shape of the second surface.

5. The photovoltaic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first end of the light-transmitting component and the second end of the light-transmitting component is the second distance, and the second distance is the same as the thickness of the first body; The second distance is greater than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to 5mm.

6. The photovoltaic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume of the plurality of light-transmitting components is a first volume, and the volume of the second substrate is a second volume; The ratio of the first volume to the second volume is greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 30%.

7. The photovoltaic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A first adhesive film layer is located between the first substrate and the battery layer; The second adhesive film layer is located between the second substrate and the battery layer.

8. The photovoltaic component according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first body and the light-transmitting component are an integral structure.

9. The photovoltaic component according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first body has a plurality of mounting holes, each of the plurality of mounting holes penetrating the first body along the thickness direction of the first body, and the plurality of light-transmitting components are respectively disposed in the plurality of mounting holes.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Includes the photovoltaic component as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; A junction box, which is connected to the battery layer of the photovoltaic component.

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