Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to photovoltaic technology field discloses a kind of photovoltaic modules, including transparent conductive glass, perovskite layer and back electrode layer being sequentially laminated arrangement.The substrate of photovoltaic module is the toughened glass or semi-toughened glass with thickness not more than 3mm, and the warpage of the side surface towards the transparent conductive layer is not higher than 0.08mm, the strength and toughness of semi-toughened glass are higher than non-toughened glass, and semi-toughened glass has good thermal stability and good chemical stability, so that it can meet the use demand of perovskite photovoltaic module.The strength and toughness of semi-toughened glass are relatively high, under the premise of guaranteeing the packaging strength of photovoltaic module, the thickness of semi-toughened glass can be reduced, so that the thickness and weight of transparent conductive glass can be effectively reduced, the lightweight of photovoltaic module can be realized, and the application scenario of perovskite photovoltaic module can be widened;After the weight of perovskite photovoltaic module is reduced, the manpower and material resources cost of perovskite photovoltaic module in transportation and handling process can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, specifically to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Perovskite photovoltaic (PV) modules are characterized by high efficiency, strong power generation in low-light conditions, and low raw material costs, resulting in considerable power generation and economic benefits. A perovskite PV module consists of transparent conductive glass, a perovskite layer, a back electrode layer, and a backsheet. The transparent conductive glass comprises a substrate and transparent conductive layers stacked on the substrate. Due to the insufficient toughness of tempered glass, and the mismatch between its chemical stability and temperature resistance and the requirements of perovskite PV cells, existing substrate materials are generally non-tempered glass. Non-tempered glass has poor strength, requiring thicker and heavier glass to ensure the encapsulation strength of the PV module. This results in a heavy perovskite PV module, exceeding the load-bearing limits of many applications, such as lightweight roofs, vehicle-mounted energy, and portable energy. Furthermore, the heavy weight of perovskite PV modules increases the manpower and material costs required for transportation and handling.

[0003] To reduce the overall weight of the components, the substrate needs to be thinner and lighter. Using tempered or non-tempered glass is an inevitable research direction. However, the uniformity of the transparent conductive layer after coating on tempered or non-tempered glass is poor, which does not meet the requirements of perovskite solar cells. The main reason is that tempered and semi-tempered glass are tempered at higher temperatures, resulting in greater warping at the same thickness compared to non-tempered glass, which in turn leads to poor uniformity of the subsequent coating of the transparent conductive layer. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module to solve the problem of the heavy weight of existing photovoltaic modules, and at the same time solves the problem of poor uniformity of the transparent conductive layer coated on tempered glass and semi-tempered glass.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a photovoltaic module, comprising:

[0006] The material includes a transparent conductive glass, a perovskite layer, and a back electrode layer stacked sequentially. The transparent conductive glass includes a substrate and a transparent conductive layer stacked on the substrate. The substrate is tempered glass or semi-tempered glass with a thickness of no more than 3 mm, and the warpage of the surface of the substrate facing the transparent conductive layer is no more than 0.08 mm.

[0007] Beneficial Effects: The photovoltaic module with this structure uses semi-tempered glass as its substrate. Semi-tempered glass has higher strength and toughness than non-tempered glass, and it also exhibits good thermal and chemical stability, meeting the requirements for perovskite photovoltaic modules. The high strength and toughness of semi-tempered glass allow for a reduction in its thickness while maintaining the encapsulation strength of the photovoltaic module. This effectively reduces the thickness and weight of the transparent conductive glass, enabling lightweight photovoltaic modules and broadening their application scenarios. The reduced weight also lowers the labor and material costs associated with transportation and handling. The good surface flatness of semi-tempered glass ensures the quality of the transparent conductive layer coating. Furthermore, the inventors discovered that by ensuring the warpage of either tempered or semi-tempered glass does not exceed 0.08 mm when coating the transparent conductive layer on tempered or semi-tempered glass, the problem of poor uniformity in the transparent conductive layer coating can be solved during subsequent coating processes.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the thickness of the substrate is 0.3 mm to 2 mm.

[0009] Beneficial effects: The semi-tempered glass substrate can ensure that the strength of the substrate meets the requirements, and the thickness of the substrate is reduced compared with the thickness of the non-tempered glass used in the prior art, which helps to reduce the weight of perovskite photovoltaic modules.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the semi-tempered glass comprises physically semi-tempered glass.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the strength of the semi-tempered glass is not less than 60 MPa.

[0012] In one alternative embodiment, the tempered glass is chemically tempered glass.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the tempered glass is chemically tempered glass with a strength of not less than 600 MPa.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the transparent conductive layer is any one of a fluorine-doped tin oxide film, an indium tin oxide film, an aluminum-doped zinc oxide film, or a gallium-doped zinc oxide film.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, a back plate is further included, the back plate being disposed on the side of the back electrode layer opposite to the substrate, the back plate being at least one of semi-tempered glass, tempered glass, aluminum plate, stainless steel plate, and polymer material plate.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the component frame is further included, wherein the outer edge of the back plate extends outward relative to the substrate to form an extension, the component frame includes a first mounting groove for receiving the extension, the extension is disposed in the first mounting groove, and a sealant layer is provided in the first mounting groove outside the extension.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The sealant layer bonds the module frame to the extension, allowing the module frame to surround the exterior of each layer of the photovoltaic module structure. This prevents the sidewalls of each layer from being directly damaged by external forces, effectively increasing the overall strength of the photovoltaic module. The extension increases the connection length between the module frame and the backsheet, which helps to improve the bonding strength between the module frame and the backsheet.

[0018] In one optional embodiment, the substrate is located outside the first mounting groove, and the sidewall of the component frame facing the light-facing side of the photovoltaic module is a frame front arm, the end face of which abuts against the sidewall of the substrate.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the side of the component frame facing away from the substrate is a frame rear arm, the frame rear arm including a support arm, the support arm extending toward the enclosing central area of ​​the component frame, the support arm supporting and contacting the back plate.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, the rear arm of the frame extends, in whole or in part, toward the enclosing central region of the component frame along the outer edge direction of the back plate to form the support arm.

[0021] In one alternative embodiment, an adhesive layer is provided between the support arm and the back plate. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the frame in the photovoltaic module shown;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the transparent conductive glass in the photovoltaic module shown.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1. Transparent conductive glass; 11. Substrate; 12. Transparent conductive layer; 2. Perovskite layer; 3. Adhesive film layer; 4. Backplate; 41. Extension; 5. Component frame; 51. First mounting groove; 52. Frame front arm; 53. Frame rear arm; 531. Support arm; 6. Sealant layer; 7. Adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0031] The following is combined Figures 1 to 5 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic module is provided, comprising a transparent conductive glass 1, a perovskite layer 2 and a back electrode layer stacked sequentially. The transparent conductive glass 1 includes a substrate 11 and a transparent conductive layer 12 stacked on the substrate 11. The substrate 11 is tempered glass or semi-tempered glass with a thickness of no more than 3 mm, and the warpage of the side surface of the substrate 11 facing the transparent conductive layer 12 is no higher than 0.08 mm.

[0033] In this photovoltaic module structure, the substrate 11 is made of tempered or semi-tempered glass with a thickness of no more than 3 mm, which is thinner than conventional non-tempered glass, such as FTO glass. The warpage of the substrate surface facing the transparent conductive layer 12 is no higher than 0.08 mm, according to the testing standard GB / T 30984.2-2014. Since the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is generally in the nanometer range, a surface with a warpage of no more than 0.08 mm is necessary to obtain a transparent conductive layer with good uniformity. Warpage exceeding this standard will result in poor uniformity of subsequent transparent conductive layer coatings, making it unsuitable for perovskite thin-film batteries.

[0034] Semi-tempered glass possesses higher strength and toughness than non-tempered glass, and exhibits superior thermal and chemical stability, enabling it to meet the requirements of perovskite photovoltaic modules. The high strength and toughness of semi-tempered glass allow for a reduction in its thickness while maintaining the encapsulation strength of the photovoltaic module. This effectively reduces the thickness and weight of the transparent conductive glass 1, achieving lightweight photovoltaic modules and broadening their application scenarios. The reduced weight also lowers the labor and material costs associated with transportation and handling. Furthermore, the good surface flatness of semi-tempered glass ensures the quality of the coating on the transparent conductive layer 12.

[0035] In some embodiments, the thickness of the substrate 11 is 0.3mm-2mm. The substrate 11 made of tempered glass or semi-tempered glass can ensure that the strength of the substrate 11 meets the requirements. The thickness of the substrate 11 is reduced compared to the thickness of the non-tempered glass used in the prior art, which is beneficial to reduce the weight of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0036] In some alternative embodiments, the semi-tempered glass is an existing material. The semi-tempered glass includes physically semi-tempered glass, which has high strength and toughness. While ensuring the encapsulation strength of the photovoltaic module, the thickness of the semi-tempered glass can be reduced, thus achieving the lightweighting of the photovoltaic module.

[0037] In one optional embodiment, the strength of the semi-tempered glass is not less than 60 MPa. This strength is sufficient to meet the strength requirements for use in perovskite solar cells.

[0038] In one alternative embodiment, the tempered glass is chemically tempered glass.

[0039] In one optional embodiment, the tempered glass is chemically tempered glass with a strength of not less than 600 MPa and a tempering depth of not less than 30 nm, which can meet the strength requirements of perovskite batteries.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the transparent conductive layer 12 is any one of a fluorine-doped tin oxide film, an indium tin oxide film, an aluminum-doped zinc oxide film, or a gallium-doped zinc oxide film. To ensure the strength of the transparent conductive layer 12 and the low-temperature processing conditions, the transparent conductive layer 12 is deposited on the surface of the substrate 11 by physical vapor deposition radio frequency sputtering or plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD).

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, the photovoltaic module also includes a backsheet 4, which is disposed on the side of the back electrode layer away from the substrate 11. The backsheet 4 is at least one of semi-tempered glass, tempered glass, aluminum plate, stainless steel plate, and polymer material plate. The backsheet 4 has ultra-high surface stress strength, which is beneficial to improving the overall encapsulation strength of the photovoltaic module.

[0042] Optionally, in some embodiments, the thickness of the backsheet 4 is 0.3mm-1.6mm. The backsheet 4 has high material strength. While ensuring the strength of the backsheet 4, the thickness of the backsheet 4 can be reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the backsheet 4 and further reducing the weight of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module also includes an encapsulant layer 3, which is located between the back electrode layer and the backsheet 4. The encapsulant layer 3 serves to bond and fix the components, and it includes one of the following polymers: POE, EVA, PVB, EPE, acrylic resin, PVB, and silicone.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a module frame 5. The outer edge of the backplate 4 extends outward relative to the substrate 11 to form an extension 41. The module frame 5 includes a first mounting groove 51 for accommodating the extension 41. The extension 41 is disposed within the first mounting groove 51, and a sealant layer 6 is provided in the first mounting groove 51 outside the extension 41. The sealant layer 6 bonds the module frame 5 to the extension 41, so that the module frame 5 surrounds the outside of each layer of the photovoltaic module structure, which can prevent the sidewalls of each layer of the photovoltaic module from being directly damaged by external forces, thereby effectively increasing the overall strength of the photovoltaic module. The provision of the extension 41 increases the connection length between the module frame 5 and the backplate 4, which is beneficial to improving the bonding strength between the module frame 5 and the backplate 4.

[0045] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the extension portion 41 extends outward from the substrate 11 by a length L, where 3mm ≤ L ≤ 15mm. L ≥ 3mm ensures sufficient contact area between the extension portion 41 and the sealant layer 6, effectively guaranteeing the bonding strength between the backsheet 4 and the module frame 5. If the extension portion 41 is too long, it hinders the improvement of photovoltaic module efficiency and increases the volume of the module frame 5, raising material costs and overall weight, which is detrimental to weight reduction design. Therefore, L ≤ 15mm prevents the extension portion 41 from becoming excessively long, ensuring photovoltaic module efficiency while avoiding an increase in the volume of the module frame 5, thus helping to control material costs and overall weight.

[0046] In some alternative embodiments, the extension 41 and the substrate 11 are both located inside the first mounting groove 51 and filled with sealant. The substrate 11 and the back plate 4 are simultaneously connected to the component frame 5, which can increase the contact area between the battery component and the frame and increase the connection strength.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the substrate 11 is located outside the first mounting groove 51, and the sidewall of the component frame 5 facing the light-facing side of the photovoltaic module is the frame front arm 52, the end face of the frame front arm 52 abuts against the sidewall of the substrate 11. The side of the component frame 5 away from the substrate 11 is the frame rear arm 53, which supports the back plate 4. The end face of the frame front arm 52 abuts against the sidewall of the substrate 11. A sealing layer 6 is provided between the frame front arm 52 and the extension 41 to facilitate bonding and fixing the frame front arm 52 to the extension 41. A sealing layer 6 is also provided between the frame rear arm 53 and the extension 41 to bond and fix the frame rear arm 53 to the extension 41. In this embodiment, the substrate 11 is located outside the component frame 5, which can avoid the component frame 5 blocking the light on the light-facing side, ensuring that more light can enter the photovoltaic module and improve the overall power of the battery.

[0048] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the side of the frame front arm 52 facing away from the extension 41 is flush with the side of the transparent conductive glass 1 facing away from the back plate 4, or the light-facing surface of the transparent conductive glass 1 is higher than the light-facing surface of the frame front arm 52. This setting can ensure the flatness of the light-facing side of the photovoltaic module, and also facilitate the cleaning of the light-facing surface, thus avoiding dust accumulation at the contact point between the module frame 5 and the light-facing surface.

[0049] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the frame rear arm 53 includes a support arm 531, which extends toward the enclosing center area of ​​the module frame 5. The support arm 531 supports the contact backplate 4, which can improve the overall strength and deformation resistance of the photovoltaic module.

[0050] Optionally, in some embodiments, along the outer edge of the backplate 4, the frame rear arm 53 extends in whole or in part toward the enclosing center area of ​​the module frame 5 to form a support arm 531. That is, along the peripheral outer edge of the backplate 4, the support arms 531 are continuously arranged or multiple support arms 531 are spaced apart. When multiple support arms 531 are spaced apart, while ensuring their support effect on the backplate 4, the material used in the module frame 5 can be reduced, which is also conducive to further reducing the weight of the photovoltaic module.

[0051] In some embodiments, an adhesive layer 7 is provided between the support arm 531 and the back plate 4. The adhesive layer 7 firmly bonds the support arm 531 to the back plate 4, which can ensure the reliability of the connection between the two and help the support arm 531 stably support the back plate 4.

[0052] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the support arm 531 is provided with a second mounting groove on the side facing the back plate 4, the adhesive layer 7 is disposed in the second mounting groove, and the support arms 531 on both sides of the second mounting groove support the back plate 4.

[0053] Optionally, in some embodiments, the adhesive layer 7 includes adhesive tape. Along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the second mounting groove is vertically positioned, and the first mounting groove 51 is horizontally positioned. The opening directions of the two mounting grooves are different, making it inconvenient to apply adhesive to the two grooves with different directions on the production line. With this structure, the adhesive tape can be pre-placed in the second mounting groove during production, and adhesive only needs to be applied to the first mounting groove 51 on the production line, facilitating the connection of the module frame 5 to the extension 41 and the backplate 4.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, multiple second mounting grooves are provided at intervals on the module frame 5 along the length direction and the module frame 5 along the width direction of the photovoltaic module. Adhesive tape is placed in the second mounting grooves one by one. Multiple adhesive tapes are arranged at intervals along the length and width directions of the photovoltaic module, which can firmly connect the support arm 531 to the back plate 4.

[0055] Optionally, the tape includes polyester film tape, AB adhesive, structural adhesive or butyl adhesive, etc., which have high bonding strength and good weather resistance.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, a first gap is formed between the front arm 52 of the frame and the side of the extension 41 facing the substrate 11, and a second gap is formed between the rear arm 53 of the frame and the side of the extension 41 facing away from the substrate 11. A third gap is formed between the side of the extension 41 and the inner wall of the module frame 5. A sealant layer 6 is provided in each of the first, second, and third gaps. The thickness of the sealant layer 6 in the third gap along the extension direction of the extension 41 is greater than the thickness of the sealant layer 6 in the first and second gaps along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module. Because the side of the extension 41 is relatively weak, the sealant layer 6 in the third gap is thicker. This sealant layer 6 can effectively wrap and support the side of the extension 41. When the module is subjected to external force, the sealant layer 6 can buffer and protect the side of the extension 41, preventing damage to the side of the extension 41.

[0057] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the width of the opening of the first mounting groove 51 is greater than the width of its inner side. The larger width of the opening of the first mounting groove 51 facilitates the insertion of the extension 41 into the first mounting groove 51; the relatively smaller width of the inner side of the first mounting groove 51 helps to ensure the volume of the solid structure of the module frame 5, thus ensuring the strength of the module frame 5 and improving the support and protection effect of the module frame 5 on each layer of the photovoltaic module.

[0058] The sealant layer 6 is one of the polymer resins such as silicone rubber, butyl rubber, and epoxy resin, and the sealant layer 6 plays a role in structural bonding and fixation.

[0059] Optionally, the component frame 5 may be made of one of the following metal profiles: aluminum, stainless steel, etc.

[0060] The following describes the weight reduction of photovoltaic modules in conjunction with different embodiments.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] The substrate 11 is made of 2.0 mm thick physically semi-strengthened glass with a warpage of 0.05 mm. A transparent conductive layer 12 is deposited on the glass surface using physical vapor deposition (PVD) radio frequency method. After PVD processing, it enters a thermal strengthening chamber and undergoes thermal strengthening in an air flotation furnace. The upper and lower covers of this air flotation furnace have a porous structure, allowing air or inert gas to be output at a certain rate and flow rate through vents. The buoyancy of the gas suspends the glass material to be processed, and the uniformity of gas heating improves heating efficiency and uniformity, eliminating thermal stress in the glass. The material flows out of the thermal strengthening chamber and into a cooling chamber, which is divided into multiple stages, typically three stages, with progressively decreasing temperature. A uniform force is applied to the glass from both the upper and lower surfaces, while ventilation and cooling are achieved through micro-vents. The transparent conductive layer 12 is one of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), or gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO).

[0063] The 3rd layer of the adhesive film is made of 0.5mm thick low-temperature POE with a glass transition temperature of 70-100℃.

[0064] The backplate 4 is made of 1.1mm thick chemically strengthened ultra-thin glass, with a surface stress of over 600Mpa, providing excellent impact resistance.

[0065] The photovoltaic module has an overall thickness of 3.2mm and a total weight of 8.5kg / m. 2 It reduces weight by 49% compared to traditional perovskite modules.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] The substrate 11 is made of 0.8 mm thick chemically strengthened glass with a warpage of 0.08 mm. First, the glass is chemically strengthened using a solution chemistry method to generate sufficient compressive stress on the glass surface through ion exchange. Then, a 5 nm-10 nm layer of SiO2 is deposited on the glass surface as a substrate using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). A transparent conductive layer 12 is then deposited on the SiO2 substrate. The transparent conductive layer 12 is one of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), or gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO).

[0068] The 3rd layer of the adhesive film is made of 0.3mm thick low-temperature POE with a glass transition temperature of 70-100℃.

[0069] The backplate 4 is made of 0.8mm thick chemically strengthened ultrathin glass, with a surface stress of over 200Mpa, which provides excellent impact resistance.

[0070] The overall thickness of the photovoltaic module is 1.8mm, and the overall weight of the photovoltaic module is 4kg / m. 2 It reduces weight by 74% compared to traditional perovskite modules.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] The substrate 11 is made of 1.1 mm thick physically semi-reinforced ultrathin glass with a warpage of 0.06 mm. The transparent conductive layer 12 is one of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), and gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO).

[0073] The perovskite layer 2 was fabricated using slot coating and vacuum evaporation processes.

[0074] The film layer 3 is made of 0.3mm thick low-temperature POE with a glass transition temperature of 70℃-100℃.

[0075] The backplate 4 is made of 1.1mm thick chemically strengthened ultrathin glass, with a surface stress of over 600Mpa, which provides excellent impact resistance.

[0076] The photovoltaic module has an overall thickness of 3.7mm and an overall weight of 8.4kg / m. 2 It reduces weight by 50% compared to traditional perovskite modules.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: The material includes a transparent conductive glass (1), a perovskite layer (2), and a back electrode layer stacked sequentially. The transparent conductive glass (1) includes a substrate (11) and a transparent conductive layer (12) stacked on the substrate (11). The substrate (11) is tempered glass or semi-tempered glass with a thickness of no more than 3 mm, and the warpage of the side surface of the substrate (11) facing the transparent conductive layer (12) is no higher than 0.08 mm.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the substrate (11) is 0.3mm-2mm.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The semi-tempered glass includes physically semi-tempered glass; And / or, the strength of the semi-tempered glass is not less than 60 MPa; And / or, the tempered glass is chemically tempered glass; And / or, the tempered glass is chemically tempered glass, and its strength is not less than 600 MPa.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The transparent conductive layer (12) is any one of fluorine-doped tin oxide film, indium tin oxide film, aluminum-doped zinc oxide film, and gallium-doped zinc oxide film.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a back plate (4), which is disposed on the side of the back electrode layer away from the substrate (11). The back plate (4) is any one of semi-tempered glass, tempered glass, aluminum plate, stainless steel plate, or polymer material plate.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a component frame (5), the outer edge of the back plate (4) extends outward relative to the substrate (11) to form an extension (41), the component frame (5) includes a first mounting groove (51) for accommodating the extension (41), the extension (41) is disposed in the first mounting groove (51), and a sealant layer (6) is provided in the first mounting groove (51) outside the extension (41).

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The substrate (11) is located outside the first mounting groove (51), and the sidewall of the component frame (5) facing the light-facing side of the photovoltaic module is the frame front arm (52), and the end face of the frame front arm (52) abuts against the sidewall of the substrate (11).

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side of the component frame (5) facing away from the substrate (11) is the frame rear arm (53). The frame rear arm (53) includes a support arm (531). The support arm (531) extends toward the enclosing center area of ​​the component frame (5) and supports and contacts the back plate (4).

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, Along the outer edge of the back plate (4), the rear arm (53) of the frame extends, in whole or in part, toward the enclosing central area of ​​the component frame (5) to form the support arm (531).

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, An adhesive layer (7) is provided between the support arm (531) and the back plate (4).

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