Intelligent explosion-proof valve

Abstract

The utility model relates to an explosion -proof valve, especially an intelligent explosion -proof valve, including base, guide rail, sliding block, sealing sheet, thermal sensitive part, base is fixed to electric core, base is provided with the air -guiding hole that communicates electric core inside, guide rail is fixedly connected to base, guide rail has not in the same horizontal plane first end and second end, the sliding block is connected with the piece that pierces, and the sliding block can be moved to the second end from the first end of guide rail, the sealing sheet covers and sets above the sliding block, and the thermal sensitive part is used for driving the sliding block to move, and the sliding block is in the process of sliding from the first end to the second end, and the piece that pierces can destroy the sealing sheet. The utility model discloses an intelligent explosion -proof valve can realize pressure relief when battery heating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an explosion-proof valve, and more particularly to an intelligent explosion-proof valve. Background Technology

[0002] In the new energy industry, when batteries experience abnormal phenomena such as impacts or punctures, the internal temperature and pressure of the battery will rise rapidly, resulting in combustion and explosion. To avoid the adverse consequences of battery combustion and explosion, the industry usually installs explosion-proof valves on the battery casing. When the internal pressure of the battery rises to a certain level, the explosion-proof valve will be the first to break through to release pressure. Existing explosion-proof valves are generally made in two ways: (1) formed by machining grooves. When the internal temperature of the battery rises abnormally and the pressure increases, the explosion-proof valve will break open at the grooves to release pressure; (2) a micro sensor and air flow channel are installed in the cell to assist in pressure release. Both of the above technical solutions have certain technical drawbacks: for the first type of explosion-proof valve, the opening condition is that the internal pressure of the battery reaches the opening pressure, rather than opening immediately at the moment of thermal runaway; for the second type of explosion-proof valve, the internal thermal runaway of the battery is monitored by a micro sensor, but the internal thermal runaway of the battery may also cause the micro sensor to fail.

[0003] Therefore, existing explosion-proof valves need to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides an intelligent explosion-proof valve.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses an intelligent explosion-proof valve, comprising: A base, which is fixed to the battery cell, and the base is provided with a vent hole that communicates with the inside of the battery cell; A slider that slides within a base and can slide from a first end to a second end of the base, wherein the first end and the second end are not on the same horizontal plane; Sealing sheet, the sealing sheet being used to seal the battery cell; Thermosensitive element, which is used to push the slider to move; As the slider slides from the first end to the second end, the puncturing element can damage the sealing sheet.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes a guide rail, which is inclinedly disposed within the base, with the bottom end of the guide rail being the first end and the top end of the guide rail being the second end.

[0007] Preferably, the base includes a chassis and a enclosure, the chassis and enclosure forming a cavity structure, the guide rail is obliquely fixed to the cavity, the bottom end of the guide rail forms a first end, and the upper end of the guide rail forms a second end.

[0008] Preferably, the thermal element is a shape memory alloy spring.

[0009] Preferably, the thermal element is a shape memory alloy cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a limiting spring, wherein the thermal element and the limiting spring are located at opposite ends of the slider and are fixedly connected to the guide rail; the limiting spring is used to prevent the slider from moving.

[0011] Preferably, the piercing element is a cemented carbide blade.

[0012] This utility model has the following technical effects: In this explosion-proof valve, pressure relief is achieved by moving a slider controlled by a heat-sensitive element to puncture the sealing plate with a piercing element. This ensures that the explosion-proof valve opens when the battery heats up, facilitating subsequent pressure relief. Compared to traditional notched explosion-proof valves, it opens earlier and is more effective; compared to intelligent explosion-proof valves, it is more reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the explosion-proof valve structure. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure before the explosion-proof valve is opened; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the explosion-proof valve is opened; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slider's structure; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the base.

[0014] In the diagram, 100. Base; 101. Air vent; 200, guide rail; 201, first end; 202, second end; 300, slider; 301, puncture component; 400. Sealing sheet; 500. Thermal element; 600. Limit spring 00. Battery cell; 01. Casing; 02. Current collector. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the embodiments; the examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0016] An intelligent explosion-proof valve includes a base 100, a guide rail 200, a slider 300, a sealing plate 400, and a thermal element 500.

[0017] Similar to existing explosion-proof valves, the intelligent explosion-proof valve disclosed in this embodiment is located at one end (positive or negative terminal) of the battery cell 00. The battery cell 00 generally includes a housing 01, a core, and a positive or negative current collector, wherein the positive and negative current collectors are located at opposite ends of the core and are fixedly installed in the housing 01 together with the core. Specifically, the base 100 is welded to the current collector and placed within the housing 01. The base 100 includes a chassis 102 and a retaining wall 103. Taking a cylindrical battery as an example, the chassis 102 is designed to be circular to fit the cylindrical battery, and the retaining wall 103 is arranged around the chassis 102. The chassis 102 and the retaining wall 103 form a cavity structure. To ensure that the heat generated during battery cell operation or in case of an accident can be promptly transferred to the cavity, a through-hole vent 101 is provided on the base 100 (specifically, on the chassis 102).

[0018] The guide rail 200 is elongated and fixed to the base 100 radially. Specifically, refer to the attached diagram. Figure 5 Two slots of different heights are provided at both ends of the base 100 in the radial direction. The two ends of the guide rail 200 are fixed in the two slots, thus fixing the guide rail 200 at an angle, resulting in a first end 201 and a second end 202 that are not on the same horizontal plane. For ease of description, the lowest end of the guide rail 200 is defined as the first end 201, and the highest end of the guide rail 200 is defined as the second end 202. The slider 300 is slidably connected to the guide rail 200 and can slide back and forth between the first end 201 and the second end 202. A piercing element 301, which is a carbide cutting tip with a sharp cutting edge, is fixedly connected to the slider 300. As the slider 300 slides from the first end 201 to the second end 202, the piercing element 301 gradually moves upwards in the vertical direction along with the slider 300.

[0019] The thermal element 500 is made of shape memory alloy (such as nickel-titanium alloy). In a preferred embodiment, the thermal element 500 is made into a shape memory alloy spring; in another preferred embodiment, the thermal element 500 is made into a shape memory alloy cylinder. The thermal element 500 undergoes a martensitic phase transformation at a specific temperature, thereby pushing the slider 300 to slide from the first end 201 to the second end 202. During normal battery operation, heat is generated, causing the temperature to rise. To prevent the slider 300 from moving due to changes in battery orientation during normal operation, the explosion-proof valve should also be connected to a limit spring 600, which is made of a common material. The limit spring 600 and the thermal element 500 are located at opposite ends of the slider 300, with one end of the limit spring 600 and one end of the thermal element 500 respectively fixed to the guide rail 200. The limit spring 600 is used to prevent the slider 300 from sliding from the first end 201 to the second end 202.

[0020] The sealing sheet 400 is laid above the slider 300 and is fixedly connected to the base 100. In the initial state, the slider 300 is close to the first end 201 of the guide rail 200, and the puncture member 301 is below the sealing sheet 400. When the battery temperature rises abnormally and causes the thermal element 500 to deform, the thermal element 500 pushes the slider 300 to move to the second section 202. During the movement, the puncture member 301 cuts the sealing sheet 400, completing the pressure relief.

[0021] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An intelligent explosion-proof valve, characterized in that, include: A base (100) is fixed to a battery cell (00); A sealing sheet (400) is connected to a base (100) and is used to seal the battery cell (00). The slider (300) slides relative to the base (100) and can slide from the first end (201) of the base (100) to the second end (202). The first end (201) and the second end (202) are not on the same horizontal plane. During the sliding process, the puncture piece (301) will cut the sealing sheet (400) to relieve pressure. A thermal element (500) is used to push the slider (300) to move.

2. The intelligent explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a guide rail (200), which is inclinedly disposed in the base (100), with the bottom end of the guide rail (200) being the first end (201) and the top end of the guide rail (200) being the second end (202).

3. The intelligent explosion-proof valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (100) includes a chassis (102) and a enclosure (103), the chassis (102) and the enclosure (103) forming a cavity structure, the guide rail (200) being fixed obliquely to the cavity, the bottom end of the guide rail (200) forming a first end (201), and the upper end of the guide rail (200) forming a second end (202).

4. The intelligent explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal element (500) is a shape memory alloy spring.

5. The intelligent explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal element (500) is a shape memory alloy cylinder.

6. The intelligent explosion-proof valve according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting spring (600), wherein the thermal element (500) and the limiting spring (600) are respectively placed at both ends of the slider (300) and fixedly connected to the guide rail (200); the limiting spring (600) is used to prevent the slider (300) from moving.

7. The intelligent explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piercing component (301) is a cemented carbide blade.

8. The intelligent explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (100) is provided with a vent (101) that communicates with the inside of the battery cell.

Images