A long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory medicinal herbs

Abstract

This utility model discloses a long-acting fertilizer release package for understory medicinal herbs, belonging to the field of fertilizer slow-release technology. It includes a degradable outer layer, a controlled-release membrane, and a coating layer arranged sequentially from the outside in. The inner layer features a layered structure composed of two stacked membranes with different water permeation rates, dividing the internal space into multiple chambers to accommodate primary, secondary, and tertiary nutrients, thus achieving a stepped release of nutrients. A degradable layer containing rhizosphere stimulating substances and slow-release beads are also arranged on the inner and outer sides of the degradable outer layer to stimulate plant root development. This utility model achieves a synergistic effect of gradient nutrient release and root growth stimulation, precisely matching plant growth needs and significantly improving fertilizer utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fertilizer slow-release technology, and in particular to a long-acting fertilizer release package for understory Chinese medicinal herbs. Background Technology

[0002] Understory medicinal herb cultivation is an important part of modern forestry economy. Due to its special growth environment, it has a continuous and changing demand for nutrient supply. In order to meet its long-cycle growth needs and reduce the frequency of artificial fertilization, slow-release or controlled-release fertilizers have been widely used in this field. These fertilizers control the rate of water penetration and the dissolution and release of internal nutrients by coating the fertilizer granules with one or more layers of high-molecular polymer film. Currently, the slow-release fertilizer packs commonly found on the market still have certain limitations in structural design. Their nutrient release mode follows a relatively fixed rate curve, that is, it releases nutrients at a relatively uniform rate throughout the entire effective period, which is difficult to completely match with the laws of plant life activities.

[0003] In fact, the demand and ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements for medicinal herbs under forest cover change dynamically at different growth and development stages. In the early stage of growth, plants need an appropriate amount of activating nutrients to promote the initial development of roots and stems and leaves; in the middle stage of growth, their demand for nutrients will reach its peak to support the rapid growth of the plant; and in the later stage of growth, the demand for nutrients will shift to promoting the enlargement of fruits and roots and the accumulation of effective components.

[0004] There is a clear contradiction between the single release mode of existing slow-release fertilizer packs and the changing nutritional needs of plants. This mismatch leads to excessive nutrient release in the early stage of plant growth, causing unnecessary loss and waste, and even burning the seedling roots; while in the later stage of plant growth, the supply of nutrients is insufficient, becoming a bottleneck that limits the improvement of yield and quality.

[0005] Therefore, this utility model proposes a long-acting fertilizer release package for understory medicinal herbs to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems in the existing technology of long-release fertilizer packs for understory Chinese medicinal materials, such as the single nutrient release rate, inability to accurately match the nutritional needs of plants at different growth stages, and lack of structure to actively promote root nutrient absorption, resulting in low fertilizer utilization, this utility model aims to provide a long-release fertilizer pack for understory Chinese medicinal materials with an improved structure that can effectively solve the above problems.

[0007] This utility model provides a long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory Chinese medicinal materials, including a degradable outer layer, a controlled-release membrane disposed inside the degradable outer layer and having multiple slow-release pores, and a coating layer disposed inside the controlled-release membrane; the fertilizer release pack also includes a layered mechanism disposed inside the coating layer.

[0008] The layered structure is the key to realizing the function of this utility model. It includes a second layered film and a first layered film stacked sequentially from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the coating layer. This stacked structure forms an ingenious physical separation within a limited space.

[0009] Furthermore, the first cavity between the second layer membrane and the inner wall of the coating layer is used to accommodate primary nutrients; the second cavity between the first layer membrane and the second layer membrane is used to accommodate secondary nutrients; and the side of the first layer membrane away from the second layer membrane is used to accommodate tertiary nutrients. Through this unique multi-chamber structure composed of different membranes, the purpose of physically isolating and releasing nutrients required at different stages is achieved.

[0010] Preferably, the long-release fertilizer package also includes multiple slow-release beads, which are embedded in the inner wall of the degradation outer layer. This arrangement can protect the slow-release beads while allowing them to come into contact with soil moisture in a timely manner. More preferably, the slow-release beads have a hollow structure and are filled with rhizosphere stimulating substances to simultaneously stimulate plant root growth and enhance absorption capacity during nutrient release.

[0011] Preferably, a degradation layer is also coated on the outer surface of the degradation outer layer, and the interior of the degradation layer is also uniformly mixed with rhizosphere stimulating substances. This structure works synergistically with the slow-release beads to form a system that releases root growth promoters from both the inside and outside of the fertilizer pack, resulting in a more significant effect.

[0012] Preferably, in order to achieve a stepwise release of nutrients, the water permeation rate of the second layer membrane is designed to be higher than that of the first layer membrane. This ensures that during the continuous water permeation process, water first contacts and releases primary nutrients, then breaks through the second layer membrane to release secondary nutrients, and finally breaks through the first layer membrane to release tertiary nutrients, forming an orderly release sequence.

[0013] Preferably, the coating layer is a semi-permeable membrane structure, which is the basis for realizing water penetration and slow exudation of fertilizer solution, and provides basic rate control for the entire slow release process.

[0014] Preferably, to ensure the realization of the function, both the slow-release beads and the degradation layer are made of hydrolyzable and degradable materials, ensuring that they can decompose in synergy with the degradation outer layer under the action of soil moisture, and stably release the effective substances loaded inside.

[0015] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This utility model, by setting a layered mechanism composed of layered membranes with different permeation rates, divides fertilizer into primary, secondary and tertiary nutrients corresponding to the needs of plants in the early, middle and late stages of growth, respectively. This solves the problem that the release rate of existing slow-release fertilizer packs is singular and cannot be accurately matched with the plant growth cycle, achieving the technical effect of gradient nutrient release and precise fertilization, and greatly improving the comprehensive utilization rate of fertilizer.

[0017] 2. This utility model solves the problem that existing fertilization methods fail to actively promote plant absorption by setting slow-release beads embedded in the inner wall of the degradation outer layer and a degradation layer covering the surface of the degradation outer layer, and loading rhizosphere stimulating substances therein. It achieves the technical effect of stimulating crop root growth and enhancing nutrient absorption capacity while slowly releasing nutrients, and realizes the synergistic effect of fertilization and growth promotion.

[0018] 3. This utility model organically combines the degradable outer layer, controlled-release membrane, coating layer and internal layered structure, with distinct structural layers and synergistic functions, to achieve long-term, controllable and phased release of nutrients. The overall structure is simple and compact, which is convenient for industrial production and practical application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the front side of the degradable outer layer of a long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory medicinal herbs proposed in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a partial structural breakdown diagram of a slow-release bead in a long-acting fertilizer pack for understory medicinal herbs proposed in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of a layered membrane for a long-acting fertilizer release package for understory medicinal herbs, as proposed in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the degradation layer of a long-acting fertilizer release packet for understory medicinal herbs proposed in this utility model.

[0023] Legend:

[0024] 1. Coating layer; 2. Layered structure; 201. Layered membrane one; 202. Layered membrane two; 203. Tertiary nutrients; 204. Secondary nutrients; 205. Primary nutrients; 3. Degradable outer layer; 4. Controlled-release membrane; 5. Slow-release pores; 6. Slow-release beads; 7. Rhizosphere stimulants; 8. Degradable layer. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Example:

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This utility model embodiment provides a long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory Chinese medicinal herbs, the overall structure of which is constructed sequentially from the outside to the inside. First, a degradable outer layer 3 is provided on the outermost layer of the fertilizer release pack, and a degradable layer 8 is also provided on the outer surface of the degradable outer layer 3. A controlled-release membrane 4 is wrapped on the inner side of the degradable outer layer 3, and a plurality of slow-release pores 5 are opened on the surface of the controlled-release membrane 4 for controlling the permeation rate of the medium. A coating layer 1, which serves as the main space for containing fertilizer, is wrapped on the inner side of the controlled-release membrane 4. The coating layer 1 is preferably a semi-permeable membrane structure, providing a basic framework for the entire long-acting fertilizer release pack.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Layered membrane 202 and layered membrane 201 are stacked sequentially from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the coating layer 1. Specifically, a first cavity for accommodating primary nutrients 205 is defined between layered membrane 202 and the inner wall of the coating layer 1; a second cavity for accommodating secondary nutrients 204 is defined between layered membrane 201 and layered membrane 202; and a third cavity for accommodating tertiary nutrients 203 is defined on the side of layered membrane 201 opposite to layered membrane 202. Through this multi-chamber structure design, nutrients that meet the needs of different growth stages of plants are physically isolated. To ensure that nutrients can be released in a preset order, the water permeation rate of layered membrane 202 is designed to be higher than that of layered membrane 201, thereby realizing the stepwise release of nutrients from primary to tertiary levels.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 4 To further enhance the stimulation of plant root growth and improve nutrient absorption efficiency, the fertilizer release package also includes multiple slow-release beads 6, which are embedded in the inner wall of the degradable outer layer 3. Preferably, the slow-release beads 6 have a hollow structure and are filled with rhizosphere stimulating substances 7. Similarly, the aforementioned degradation layer 8 covering the outer surface of the degradation outer layer 3 is also uniformly mixed with rhizosphere stimulating substances 7. In use, both the slow-release beads 6 and the degradation layer 8 are made of hydrolyzable and degradable materials to ensure that they can work synergistically with the degradation outer layer 3 under the action of soil moisture, gradually decomposing and releasing the rhizosphere stimulating substances 7 to achieve the effect of stimulating root growth.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 4 The long-release fertilizer pack also includes multiple slow-release beads 6. Specifically, the slow-release beads 6 are embedded in the inner wall of the outer degradable layer 3. This arrangement can protect the structural integrity of the slow-release beads 6 during transportation and burial, and ensure that the slow-release beads 6 can contact the soil moisture in time after the outer degradable layer 3 begins to decompose. More preferably, in order to realize its function, the slow-release beads 6 adopt a hollow structure and are filled with rhizosphere stimulating substances 7 inside their cavities.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 A degradation layer 8 is also coated on the outer surface of the outer degradation layer 3. In order to complement and synergize with the substances released by the slow-release beads 6, the interior of the degradation layer 8 is also uniformly mixed with rhizosphere stimulating substances 7, thus forming a structure that releases rhizosphere stimulating substances 7 from both the inside and outside of the fertilizer release package.

[0032] As a material constraint for the above-mentioned synergistic structure, in order to ensure that the rhizosphere stimulant 7 can be released stably and continuously with the action of soil moisture, the slow-release beads 6 and the degradation layer 8 are both made of hydrolyzable and degradable materials. The coating layer 1 specifically adopts a semi-permeable membrane structure. Its physical properties allow water to penetrate and dissolve the internal fertilizer, but restrict the rapid outflow of the large molecular nutrients formed after dissolution, thus forming the first basic control barrier for the slow release of nutrients.

[0033] As a specific way to achieve the step-by-step release function, by selecting the constituent materials or designing the structure, the water permeation rate of the second layer membrane 202 is higher than that of the first layer membrane 201, thereby constructing the order in which water permeates into different nutrient chambers, ensuring the gradient of nutrient release.

[0034] Working principle: After the long-release fertilizer pack is buried in the soil, the water in the soil first comes into contact with the outer degradable layer 3. The outer degradable layer 3 gradually degrades, and the water enters the interior through the slow-release pores 5 on the controlled-release membrane 4, and comes into contact with the coating layer 1. The coating layer 1 is semi-permeable, and the water penetrates into the interior to dissolve the fertilizer. The dissolved nutrients then diffuse outward through the coating layer 1 and the slow-release pores 5 on the controlled-release membrane 4, allowing the plant roots to absorb them. At the same time, the degradation layer 8 and the slow-release beads 6 gradually dissolve under the action of water, releasing rhizosphere stimulating substances 7, which stimulate plant root growth and enhance efficiency.

[0035] The stratified mechanism 2 can release nutrients in a stepwise manner according to different needs. When water penetrates, it will first come into contact with the primary nutrient 205. Due to the permeability design of the stratified membrane 202, the primary nutrient 205 is released first to meet the needs of the plant in the early stage of growth. As water penetrates further, the stratified membrane 202 is broken through, and the secondary nutrient 204 begins to be released to meet the needs of the middle stage of growth. Then the stratified membrane 1 201 is broken through, and the tertiary nutrient 203 is released to meet the needs of the later stage of growth, thus realizing the gradient release of nutrients.

Claims

1. A long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory medicinal herbs, comprising: Degradation outer layer (3), controlled-release membrane (4) covering the inner side of the degradation outer layer (3), the surface of the controlled-release membrane (4) is provided with a plurality of slow-release pores (5), and a coating layer (1) covering the inner side of the controlled-release membrane (4). The feature is that the coating layer (1) is provided with a layering mechanism (2) inside, the layering mechanism (2) includes a second layered membrane (202) and a first layered membrane (201) stacked sequentially from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the coating layer (1), the second layered membrane (202) and the inner wall of the coating layer (1) define a first receiving cavity for receiving primary nutrients (205), the first layered membrane (201) and the second layered membrane (202) define a second receiving cavity for receiving secondary nutrients (204), and the side of the first layered membrane (201) away from the second layered membrane (202) defines a third receiving cavity for receiving tertiary nutrients (203).

2. A long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple slow-release beads (6), which are embedded in the inner wall of the degradation outer layer (3).

3. A long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory medicinal herbs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slow-release beads (6) have a hollow structure and are filled with rhizosphere stimulating substances (7).

4. A long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory medicinal herbs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer surface of the degradation outer layer (3) is covered with a degradation layer (8).

5. A long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory medicinal herbs according to claim 4, characterized in that, The degradation layer (8) contains a uniformly mixed rhizosphere stimulating substance (7).

6. A long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water permeation rate of the second layered membrane (202) is higher than that of the first layered membrane (201).

7. A long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating layer (1) is a semi-permeable membrane structure.

8. A long-acting fertilizer release pack for understory medicinal herbs according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the slow-release beads (6) and the degradation layer (8) are made of hydrolyzable and degradable materials.

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