New energy vehicle battery split type fire extinguishing and flame-retardant device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a split-type fire extinguishing and flame retardant device for new energy vehicle batteries, including a battery shell for protecting internal components and housing multiple battery cells. The communication gaps between the battery cells and between the battery cells and the battery shell form an internal heat exchange space. At least one high-pressure tank is installed within the flame retardant storage assembly. A spray assembly has a guiding structure extending into the internal heat exchange space. A switching unit is installed on the flame retardant storage assembly, and the high-pressure tank and / or external conduit are connected to the guiding structure through the switching unit. This utility model employs a spray assembly and a flame retardant storage assembly installed inside and outside the battery shell, respectively. Pre-stored flame retardant is introduced into the battery shell, and the guiding structure sprays and cools each battery cell or slows down the combustion rate of the cells, maximizing rescue time for professional firefighters to handle and rescue the situation. This has a positive effect on the protection of lives and property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of new energy battery technology, specifically relating to a split-type fire extinguishing and flame retardant device for new energy vehicle batteries. Background Technology

[0002] As the energy of electric vehicle batteries gradually increases, corresponding safety issues are also increasing. The phenomenon of electric vehicles catching fire and emitting smoke is common in the industry. For example, after a new energy electric vehicle spontaneously combusts or is involved in a collision, the survival rate of its occupants is directly related to the burning rate of the lithium battery. How to ensure the safety of electric vehicle batteries under extreme conditions has become a key research topic in the field of electric vehicles.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document with application number CN202323352891.0 discloses a lithium battery, including a casing and at least two cells connected in series. The casing has at least two independent accommodating cavities, and the cells are correspondingly disposed in the accommodating cavities. The cells have a first positive electrode and a first negative electrode, and the casing also has an exposed second positive electrode and a second negative electrode. The first positive electrode is connected to the second positive electrode, and the first negative electrode is connected to the second negative electrode.

[0004] As the applicant further investigated, it was found that due to the inherent chemical characteristics of lithium batteries, they burn too quickly. Existing technical solutions did not address the structural optimization of the battery pack for flame retardancy and fire extinguishing. As a result, the fire spread too rapidly within a short period of time, making it impossible to sustain the fire until professional rescue personnel arrived, causing significant injury and incalculable property damage. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A split-type fire extinguishing and flame retardant device for new energy vehicle batteries includes:

[0007] The battery casing is used to protect the internal components and can house multiple sets of battery cells. The communication gaps between the multiple sets of battery cells and between the battery cells and the battery casing form an internal heat exchange space.

[0008] A flame retardant storage assembly, wherein at least one set of high-pressure tanks is provided within the flame retardant storage assembly;

[0009] The spray assembly has a spray guide structure that extends into the internal heat exchange space, and a spray head;

[0010] External conduit;

[0011] A switching unit is provided on the flame retardant temporary storage assembly, and the high-pressure tank and / or external conduit are connected to the drain structure through the switching unit;

[0012] The internal heat exchange space has several temperature detection probes, which are arranged along the routing path of the drain structure.

[0013] A guide pipe fitting is used to connect the flame retardant temporary storage component to the spraying component, and the guide pipe fitting is distributed in a straight line or in a zigzag shape.

[0014] Furthermore, the drainage structure includes a main drainage pipe and branch drainage pipes extending along the length and width directions of the battery casing.

[0015] Furthermore, the drain structure is non-I-shaped.

[0016] Furthermore, the drainage structure comprises at least two vertically distributed sets.

[0017] Furthermore, a pressure relief port is provided on the battery casing.

[0018] Furthermore, the end of the external conduit has a quick connector.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] The system employs a spray system and a flame retardant storage system installed inside and outside the battery casing. When the battery cell is detected to be burning or exceeding a predetermined temperature, the flame retardant storage system is triggered, and the pre-stored flame retardant is introduced into the battery casing. The spray system then sprays each battery cell through the drainage structure to cool it down or slow down its burning rate, thus buying as much time as possible for rescue personnel to handle and rescue the situation. This has a positive effect on the lives and property of people.

[0021] The guide pipe fitting can connect the flame retardant storage component and the spray component. This configuration allows the flame retardant storage component and the spray component to be installed on different parts of the vehicle, and can be flexibly arranged according to the needs of the vehicle model. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall structure of a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the flame retardant temporary storage component in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include:

[0025] Battery casing 1, pressure relief port 10, flame retardant storage assembly 2, high pressure tank 20, main drain pipe 30, branch drain pipe 31, spray head 32, external conduit 4, quick connector 40, one-way check valve 41, switching unit 5, pressure gauge 50, solenoid valve 51, one-way flow valve 52, diverter pipe 53, guide pipe fittings 6. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this utility model, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and represent schematic diagrams, not actual physical objects. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of this utility model correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" appear, indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides a split-type fire extinguishing and flame retardant device for new energy vehicle batteries, including a battery shell 1, a flame retardant temporary storage component 2, a spray component, an external conduit 4, a conduit fitting 6, and a switching unit 5.

[0029] The battery casing 1 is used to protect the internal components and can house multiple sets of battery cells. The communication gaps between the multiple sets of battery cells and between the battery cells and the battery casing 1 form an internal heat exchange space.

[0030] At least one set of high-pressure tanks 20 are provided inside the flame retardant temporary storage assembly 2;

[0031] The spray assembly has a guide structure that extends into the internal heat exchange space, and a spray head 32;

[0032] The guide pipe fitting 6 is used to connect the flame retardant temporary storage component 2 to the spraying component. The guide pipe fitting 6 is distributed in a straight line or in a zigzag shape.

[0033] The external conduit 4 has a quick connector 40 at its end, and a one-way check valve 41 is also connected to the external conduit 4;

[0034] The switching unit 5 is installed on the flame retardant temporary storage assembly 2, and the high-pressure tank 20 and / or external conduit 4 are connected to the drain structure through the switching unit 5.

[0035] The system employs a spray system inside and outside the battery casing 1, along with a flame retardant storage system 2. When the battery cell is detected to be burning or exceeding a predetermined temperature, the flame retardant storage system 2 is triggered, introducing the pre-stored flame retardant into the battery casing 1. The spray system then cools or slows down the burning rate of each battery cell by spraying it through the drainage structure, thus buying as much time as possible for rescue personnel to handle and rescue the situation. This has a positive effect on the lives and property of the personnel.

[0036] Existing external rescue methods, where water sprayed from a hose forms a wall of water, are obstructed by the vehicle's shell, preventing the water from directly contacting the battery cells and providing no sustained cooling, thus increasing the risk of cell explosion. This new solution, however, allows firefighters to quickly connect to the battery via an external conduit 4 upon arrival, precisely introducing external extinguishing agents into the battery casing 1. This directly cools and flames the battery cells. This method avoids the problem of traditional firefighting methods where the vehicle shell obstructs the battery, preventing the extinguishing agent from directly contacting the battery / cells and affecting rescue and firefighting effectiveness. Furthermore, this method eliminates the need to consider finding the optimal spray position and angle due to vehicle obstruction, resulting in high rescue efficiency.

[0037] Among them, the guide pipe 6 can connect the flame retardant temporary storage component and the spray component. This setting allows the flame retardant temporary storage component and the spray component to be installed on different parts of the vehicle, and can be flexibly arranged according to the needs of the vehicle model. For example, the flame retardant temporary storage component can be installed in the rear trunk of the vehicle or near the inside of the front / rear anti-collision beam.

[0038] Specifically, the drainage structure includes a main drainage pipe 30 and branch drainage pipes 31 extending along the length and width of the battery casing 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, the drain structure is non-U-shaped. This arrangement allows the drain branch pipes 31 to be evenly distributed in the gaps between each battery cell. The flame retardant is evenly sprayed onto the outer wall of the battery cell through the nozzle, so that the battery cell can be cooled not only quickly but also evenly.

[0040] The number of guide pipe fittings 6 must be consistent with the number of main drain pipes 30.

[0041] To enhance flame retardancy and cooling effects, the number of spray structures can be increased, such as two, three, or more groups. Each group of spray structures is arranged in parallel with a certain vertical distance between them. The nozzles between the upper and lower groups are staggered to further enhance the cooling effect of the spray on the battery cells.

[0042] The connection distribution and number of the main drain pipes 30 and branch drain pipes 31 in the drain structure are not specifically limited, and the combination and expansion of the pipes can be adjusted according to the battery model and the arrangement of the cells.

[0043] In addition, several sets of probes for detecting the temperature of the battery cells are installed in the internal heat exchange space, the gap between the battery cells, or between the two layers of the heat exchange structure, along the distribution path of the heat exchange structure. The detection probes provide real-time feedback to the background control system, which compares and analyzes the temperature at multiple points of the battery cell.

[0044] When the temperature detection probe detects an abnormal temperature, it issues a warning signal to the occupants of the vehicle and manually or automatically controls the on / off of various components in the switching unit 5. For example, if the solenoid valve in the switching unit 5 is energized, it causes the water-based fire extinguishing agent filled in the high-pressure tank 20 to flow into the spray assembly. Before the rescue personnel arrive, it pre-cools the battery and delays the combustion time. After the rescue personnel arrive, the external pipeline connects to the dedicated external conduit 4. Under the action of the diversion pipe connected in the switching unit 5, the external fire extinguishing agent of the rescue team can be filled into the spray assembly to continue to cool and retard the battery cell.

[0045] In this situation, excess external extinguishing agent flows out through the pressure relief port 10 opened on the battery casing 1.

[0046] Specifically, this switching unit 5 has one or more of the following: pressure gauge 50, solenoid valve 51, one-way flow guide valve 52, and flow divider 53.

[0047] Pressure gauge 50 is installed on high-pressure tank 20 to detect the pressure of high-pressure extinguishing agent inside high-pressure tank 20.

[0048] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all general technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are knowledgeable of all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Therefore, those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A split-type fire extinguishing and flame retardant device for new energy vehicle batteries, characterized in that, include: The battery casing is used to protect the internal components and can house multiple sets of battery cells. The communication gaps between the multiple sets of battery cells and between the battery cells and the battery casing form an internal heat exchange space. A flame retardant storage assembly, wherein at least one set of high-pressure tanks is provided within the flame retardant storage assembly; The spray assembly has a guide structure that extends into the internal heat exchange space, and a spray head; External conduit; A switching unit is provided on the flame retardant temporary storage assembly, and the high-pressure tank and / or external conduit are connected to the drain structure through the switching unit; The internal heat exchange space has several temperature detection probes, which are arranged along the drainage structure. A guide pipe fitting is used to connect the flame retardant temporary storage component to the spraying component, and the guide pipe fitting is distributed in a straight line or in a zigzag shape.

2. The fire extinguishing and flame retardant device for a new energy vehicle battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage structure includes a main drainage pipe and branch drainage pipes extending along the length and width of the battery casing.

3. A split-type fire extinguishing and flame retardant device for new energy vehicle batteries as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The drain structure is non-I-shaped.

4. A split-type fire extinguishing and flame retardant device for new energy vehicle batteries as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The drainage structure consists of at least two vertically distributed sets.

5. A split-type fire extinguishing and flame retardant device for new energy vehicle batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The battery casing has a pressure relief port.

6. A split-type fire extinguishing and flame retardant device for new energy vehicle batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The external conduit has a quick connector at its end.

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