Water mist nozzles, fire protection systems, energy storage devices and battery production equipment

Abstract

This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a water mist nozzle, a fire suppression system, an energy storage device, and battery manufacturing equipment. The water mist nozzle includes a nozzle body with a flow channel running through it, configured for water flow; and a splash plate spaced apart from the nozzle body and configured to collect water flowing from the flow channel. The splash plate has a perforated portion, including at least one of atomizing holes and atomizing slits; the opening area of ​​the atomizing holes is 0.071 mm². 2 ~7.1mm 2 The atomizing slit width is 0.3mm~2.3mm; the perforated section is configured to atomize the water collected by the splash plate so that the DV90 diameter of the droplets is less than or equal to 800μm. This water mist nozzle can atomize water into droplets with a DV90 diameter less than or equal to 800μm when the working pressure of the water in the flow channel is low. When this water mist nozzle is used for extinguishing fires on batteries, the small diameter of the atomized droplets can be used to extinguish battery fires through the latent heat of water vaporization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a water mist nozzle, a fire protection system, an energy storage device, and battery production equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their inherent characteristics, batteries pose a fire risk during production, storage, and use. Therefore, how to extinguish a burning battery is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a water mist nozzle, a fire-fighting system, an energy storage device, and battery production equipment to extinguish a burning battery.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a water mist nozzle is provided, comprising: The nozzle body has a flow channel that is configured for water flow; and

[0005] A splash plate, spaced apart from the nozzle body and configured to receive water flowing from the flow channel, is provided with a perforated portion, the perforated portion including at least one of atomizing holes and atomizing slits; the opening area of ​​the atomizing holes is 0.071 mm. 2 ~7.1mm 2 The atomizing slit has a slit width of 0.3mm to 2.3mm; the hollow part is configured to atomize the water received by the splash plate so that the DV90 diameter of the droplets is less than or equal to 800μm.

[0006] Optionally, the water mist nozzle further includes a switch structure disposed on the nozzle body and configured to control the opening and closing of the flow channel.

[0007] Optionally, the water mist nozzle further includes a connecting frame connected between the splash plate and the nozzle body; the switch structure includes a sealing seat and a temperature-sensitive glass, the sealing seat is configured to detachably block the outlet of the flow channel, and the temperature-sensitive glass is supported between the sealing seat and the connecting frame.

[0008] Optionally, the nozzle body includes a housing and a core, the housing being fitted over the core, and the core defining the flow channel.

[0009] Optionally, the water mist nozzle further includes an impact structure disposed between the splash plate and the nozzle body. The impact structure has an impact surface configured to impact water flowing out of the flow channel and guide the impacted water to splash towards the splash plate.

[0010] Optionally, the distance between the impact surface and the splash plate is less than 14.5 mm; alternatively, the distance between the impact surface and the splash plate is 8 mm to 14.5 mm.

[0011] Optionally, if the water mist nozzle also includes a connecting frame, the impact structure is disposed on the connecting frame and is spaced apart from and corresponding to the outlet of the flow channel.

[0012] Optionally, the impact structure is a threaded component that passes through the connecting frame and is threadedly connected to the connecting frame. The top surface of the threaded component near the nozzle body is the impact surface. In the case that the water mist nozzle includes temperature-sensitive glass, the impact surface supports the temperature-sensitive glass.

[0013] Optionally, the aperture of the atomizing hole is 0.3mm to 3mm.

[0014] Optionally, the splash plate is provided corresponding to the water outlet of the flow channel.

[0015] Optionally, the atomizing hole is a circular hole.

[0016] Optionally, the water mist nozzle further includes a connecting frame, which is connected between the splash plate and the nozzle body.

[0017] Optionally, the flow coefficient of the water mist nozzle is 5 to 40; alternatively, the flow coefficient of the water mist nozzle is 9 to 21.

[0018] Optionally, the diameter of the outlet of the flow channel is 2.5mm to 7.8mm.

[0019] Optionally, the hollow portion includes the atomizing holes and the atomizing slits, which are sequentially distributed along the direction from the center to the edge of the splash plate.

[0020] Optionally, the diameter of the splash plate is 20mm to 40mm.

[0021] Optionally, the splash plate includes a central portion and a peripheral portion surrounding the central portion. The peripheral portion is set at an angle to the central portion. The peripheral portion extends from the edge of the central portion in a direction away from the nozzle body, and the angle between the central portion and the peripheral portion is greater than 90° and less than 180°.

[0022] Optionally, the forming angle of the splash plate is greater than 90° and less than 180°.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a fire-fighting system for extinguishing fires in batteries, including the aforementioned water mist nozzles.

[0024] Optionally, the fire protection system includes a pressurization device configured to increase the water flowing into the channel so that the water operating pressure is 0.35 MPa to 1.2 MPa.

[0025] Optionally, the water mist nozzle is configured to be at a distance of 70 mm or more from the battery.

[0026] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device, including a battery and the aforementioned fire-fighting system, wherein the water mist nozzle is configured to extinguish a fire on the battery.

[0027] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a battery production equipment, including the aforementioned fire protection system.

[0028] The water mist nozzle provided in this application embodiment can atomize water into droplets with a DV90 diameter of less than or equal to 800 μm even when the working pressure of the water in the flow channel is low. When this water mist nozzle is used to extinguish battery fires, the small diameter of the atomized droplets allows for extinguishing the battery fire through the latent heat of water vaporization. This not only reduces water consumption and saves water but also reduces the risk of flooding. Furthermore, this water mist nozzle can directly extinguish battery fires in open spaces, reducing fire extinguishing costs while expanding the application range of fire extinguishing.

[0029] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water mist nozzle provided in the embodiment of this application from one perspective; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water mist nozzle provided in an embodiment of this application from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water mist nozzle provided in the embodiment of this application from another perspective; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the water mist nozzle provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a top view of the water mist nozzle provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction; Figure 7 The spray curves are when the water spray nozzle's splash plate has a forming angle of 150° and an outer diameter of 40mm (corresponding to curve a), 30mm (corresponding to curve b), and 20mm (corresponding to curve c). Figure 8 It is the spray curve when the water spray plate of the water mist nozzle has a forming angle of 180° and an outer diameter of 30mm; Figure 9 It is the spray curve when the water spray plate of the water mist nozzle includes the middle part and the outer part, the forming angle of the water spray plate is 150° and the outer diameter of the water spray plate is 20mm.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Water mist nozzle; 1. Nozzle body; 101. Flow channel; 11. Housing; 111. First through hole; 12. Core; 121. Second through hole; 2. Splash plate; 201. Hollowed-out part; 202. Atomizing hole; 203. Atomizing slit; 21. Middle part; 22. Outer part; 3. Connecting frame; 4. Switch structure; 41. Sealing seat; 42. Temperature sensing glass; 5. Impact structure; 501. Impact surface. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0035] For battery fires, commonly used extinguishing methods include gas-based and water-based methods. Gas-based extinguishing primarily works by releasing specific extinguishing gases (such as carbon dioxide, heptafluoropropane, and perfluorohexanone) to rapidly dilute or replace oxygen in the air, reducing the oxygen concentration below the level required to sustain combustion, thus extinguishing the fire. Gas-based extinguishing typically requires reducing the oxygen concentration to 15% within a confined space, necessitating pre-sealing of the space where the batteries are stored, increasing extinguishing costs. Furthermore, extinguishing gases have relatively low specific heat capacities (e.g., perfluorohexanone has a specific heat capacity of 1.013 kJ / (kg·K) at 25°C, and heptafluoropropane has a specific heat capacity of 0.819 kJ / (kg·K) at 20°C), making it difficult to effectively absorb the heat released after a battery fire, thus hindering efforts to reduce the risk of thermal runaway. Additionally, most extinguishing gases are environmentally and health-harming, and their post-treatment costs are high.

[0036] Water-based fire extinguishing primarily utilizes water as the extinguishing agent. When water comes into contact with burning materials, it rapidly absorbs heat, lowering the temperature of the burning material below its ignition point, thereby extinguishing the fire. Although water has a relatively high specific heat capacity compared to other substances (4.18 kJ / (kg·K) at 25℃), the heat absorbed per unit mass of water is still limited. To achieve a better fire extinguishing effect, the amount of water used needs to be increased. However, increasing the amount of water brings several risks of loss: firstly, product loss due to water immersion in batteries; and secondly, water-related losses during battery production (including the scrapping of battery production equipment and production interruptions leading to capacity loss).

[0037] Based on this, this application improves the method of extinguishing battery fires. Specifically, this application provides a water mist nozzle that can atomize water into droplets with a DV90 diameter of less than or equal to 800 μm. In this case, the water droplets are very small in volume and have a larger specific surface area. When the droplets are heated, they easily absorb heat and vaporize. Typically, the latent heat of vaporization of water is above 2000 kJ / kg. Therefore, during the vaporization process, the water absorbs a large amount of heat and rapidly reduces the temperature of the battery, thereby preventing the spread of fire.

[0038] This application utilizes the latent heat of vaporization of water for fire extinguishing. Thanks to water's very high latent heat of vaporization, only a small amount of water is needed for extinguishing the fire, reducing water consumption and conserving water while minimizing the risk of flooding. This is particularly beneficial for extinguishing fires involving batteries in battery production equipment. During the extinguishing process, most of the water is vaporized, leaving only a small amount to drip onto the batteries, significantly reducing the risk of battery damage. The aforementioned water mist nozzles can be used directly in open spaces for fire extinguishing, reducing costs and expanding the application range. Furthermore, the water poses no harm to the environment or human health, eliminating the need for post-fire treatment. Additionally, the water mist can carry away harmful gases in the air, such as alkanes released during battery formation, reducing the risk of battery explosion.

[0039] Firstly, please see Figures 1 to 9 This application provides a water mist nozzle 10. The water mist nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 1 and a splash plate 2. A flow channel 101 is provided through the nozzle body 1, configured to supply water flow. The splash plate 2 is spaced apart from the nozzle body 1 and configured to receive water flowing out from the flow channel 101. A perforated portion 201 is provided on the splash plate 2, including at least one of an atomizing hole 202 and an atomizing slit 203, wherein the opening area of ​​the atomizing hole 202 is 0.071 mm². 2 ~7.1mm 2 The atomizing slit 203 has a slit width of 0.3mm to 2.3mm. The perforated part 201 is configured to atomize the water received by the splash plate 2 so that the resulting droplets have a DV90 diameter of less than or equal to 800μm.

[0040] The water mist nozzle 10 is used to atomize water. This water can be pure water or an aqueous solution. As an example, the aqueous solution is a solution formed by dissolving a flame retardant in water.

[0041] The water mist nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 1 and a splash plate 2. The nozzle body 1 and the splash plate 2 are spaced apart, meaning there is a gap between them. However, it should be noted that the nozzle body 1 and the splash plate 2 can be completely separated, or they can be indirectly connected together through other structures.

[0042] The embodiments of this application do not limit the materials used to prepare the nozzle body 1 and the splash plate 2. As an example, the material of the nozzle body 1 is selected from at least one of metal and plastic, and the material of the splash plate 2 is also selected from at least one of metal and plastic.

[0043] A flow channel 101 is formed inside the nozzle body 1, penetrating the nozzle body 1, for water to flow through. It is understood that the flow channel 101 has an inlet and an outlet; water flows into the flow channel 101 from the inlet and flows out of the flow channel 101 from the outlet. As an example, the flow channel 101 is a through-hole penetrating the nozzle body 1 along its axial direction. The inlet of the flow channel 101 is formed on one end face of the nozzle body 1, and the outlet of the flow channel 101 is formed on the other end face of the nozzle body 1. The flow channel 101 can be a straight through-hole extending in a straight line or a curved through-hole extending along a curve. Furthermore, the inner diameter of the flow channel 101 can be fixed or variable along its extension direction.

[0044] Because the splash plate 2 is spaced apart from the nozzle body 1, there is also a gap between the splash plate 2 and the outlet of the flow channel 101. However, the splash plate 2 is also configured to receive water flowing out of the flow channel 101. That is to say, the water flowing out of the flow channel 101 can hit the splash plate 2 after traveling a certain distance in the air. Usually, the water flowing out of the flow channel 101 is in the shape of a column (referred to as a water column). When the water flowing out of the flow channel 101 hits the splash plate 2, the splash plate 2 will change the direction of water flow and cause the water column to spread and splash in all directions, thereby achieving the spraying effect.

[0045] Furthermore, the splash plate 2 also has a hollowed-out portion 201. The hollowed-out portion 201 refers to the portion of the splash plate 2 that has been hollowed out. The hollowed-out portion 201 can be a hole or a slit. Specifically, the hollowed-out portion 201 includes at least one of atomizing holes 202 and atomizing slits 203. As some possible implementations, the splash plate 2 may only have atomizing holes 202, or the splash plate 2 may only have atomizing slits 203, or the splash plate 2 may have both atomizing holes 202 and atomizing slits 203. The shape of the atomizing holes 202 and the shape of the atomizing slits 203 are not limited here. As an example, the shape of the atomizing holes 202 may be circular, elliptical, rectangular, triangular, pentagonal, or irregular. The number of atomizing holes 202 and the number of atomizing slits 203 on the splash plate 2 may be one or more.

[0046] When the water splash plate 2 is provided with atomizing holes 202 and / or atomizing slits 203, the water flowing out of the flow channel 101 impacts the water splash plate 2, and the water splash plate 2 causes the water to diffuse and then spray out in the shape of fine droplets from the side of the water splash plate 2 away from the nozzle body 1 along the atomizing holes 202 and / or atomizing slits 203, thus realizing the atomization of water.

[0047] Furthermore, when the hollowed-out portion 201 is an atomizing hole 202, the opening area of ​​the atomizing hole 202 is 0.071 mm. 2 ~7.1mm 2Here, the opening area of ​​the atomizing hole 202 is equal to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of a single atomizing hole 202. For example, when the atomizing hole 202 is a circular hole, its orthographic projection is a circle, and the opening area is the square of the radius of the atomizing hole 202 multiplied by π. As an example, the opening area of ​​the atomizing hole 202 is 0.071 mm. 2 0.08mm 2 0.09mm 2 0.1mm 2 0.5mm 2 1mm 2 2mm 2 3mm 2 4mm 2 5mm 2 6mm 2 7mm 2 and 7.1mm 2 The range of values ​​between any one or any two of them.

[0048] Please see Figure 5 When the cutout 201 is a misting slit 203, the slit width d of the misting slit 203 is 0.3mm to 2.3mm. The slit width d of the misting slit 203 refers to the distance between the two longer sides of the misting slit 203. As an example, the slit width d of the misting slit 203 can be any one or any two of the following values: 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2.0mm, 2.2mm, and 2.3mm.

[0049] The working pressure of the water in the flow channel 101, as well as the opening area of ​​the atomizing hole 202 and / or the gap width of the atomizing slit 203, will affect the size of the final droplets sprayed by the water mist nozzle 10. With a fixed water working pressure, as the opening area of ​​the atomizing hole 202 increases, or the gap width of the atomizing slit 203 increases, the percentage of droplets with a diameter less than 800 μm sprayed by the water mist nozzle 10 will decrease; that is, the average diameter of the droplets sprayed by the water mist nozzle 10 will increase.

[0050] The opening area of ​​the atomizing hole 202 on the splash plate 2 is controlled to be 0.071mm. 2 ~7.1mm 2 And / or the gap width of the atomizing slit 203 is 0.3mm~2.3mm, so that when the working pressure of the water in the flow channel 101 is low (0.35MPa~1.2MPa), the DV90 diameter of the droplets sprayed by the water mist nozzle 10 is less than or equal to 800μm.

[0051] A DV90 diameter of 800 μm or less indicates that 90% of the droplets have a diameter of 800 μm or less. For example, droplet DV90 diameters can be 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 600 μm, 700 μm, or 800 μm. Experiments showed that when the DV90 diameter of the droplets sprayed from the water mist nozzle 10 is 800 μm, the droplets can rapidly vaporize and utilize their latent heat of vaporization when extinguishing a battery fire, causing the battery temperature to drop rapidly and effectively preventing the fire from spreading. The smaller the DV90 diameter of the droplets, the better the effect of utilizing their latent heat of vaporization. When the DV90 diameter of the droplets is greater than 800 μm, the droplets not only do not vaporize easily, but also tend to fall quickly onto the battery under gravity, increasing the risk of the battery being damaged by water.

[0052] Since the working pressure of the water in the flow channel 101 is low at this time, the water mist nozzle 10 can be directly used with ordinary water supply pipes. Compared with the high-pressure spray method, on the one hand, it can reduce the requirements for the water supply pipe (for example, the wall thickness of the pipe can be made thinner, and the material of the pipe can also be ordinary), reducing production costs. On the other hand, it can reduce the construction difficulty (the high-pressure spray method requires special construction when setting the nozzle).

[0053] When the working pressure of water in flow channel 101 is 1.2 MPa, if the opening area of ​​atomizing hole 202 is greater than 7.1 mm... 2 If the gap width of the atomizing slit 203 is greater than 2.3 mm, the percentage of droplets with a diameter of less than 800 μm sprayed by the water mist nozzle 10 will be less than 90%.

[0054] When the working pressure of water in flow channel 101 is 0.35 MPa, if the opening area of ​​atomizing hole 202 is less than 0.071 mm... 2 The gap width of the atomizing slit 203 is less than 0.3 mm, which will cause some water to be unable to pass through the atomizing hole 202 and / or the atomizing slit 203. The water will be directly splashed out by the splash plate 2 as water droplets larger than 1.0 mm. Although some water can be atomized into fine water mist with a diameter of less than 400 μm through the atomizing hole 202 and / or the atomizing slit 203, the proportion is very small.

[0055] As can be seen, the water mist nozzle 10 provided in this application embodiment can atomize water into droplets with a DV90 diameter of less than or equal to 800 μm even when the working pressure of the water in the flow channel 101 is low.

[0056] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6The splash plate 2 is positioned corresponding to the outlet of the flow channel 101. In other words, in the direction from the nozzle body 1 to the splash plate 2, the orthographic projection of the outlet of the flow channel 101 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the splash plate 2. The purpose of this arrangement is to allow the water flowing from the outlet of the flow channel 101 to concentrate and impact the splash plate 2, especially when the working pressure of the water in the flow channel 101 is low, and to allow the water to be more evenly dispersed around the splash plate 2, thereby improving the water distribution characteristics of the water mist nozzle 10. As an example, the outlet of the flow channel 101 is directly opposite the center of the splash plate 2.

[0057] In some embodiments of this application, the aperture of the atomizing orifice 202 is 0.3 mm to 3 mm. An aperture within this range allows the water mist nozzle 10 to atomize water into droplets with a DV90 diameter less than or equal to 800 μm even when the working pressure of the water in the flow channel 101 is low. As an example, the aperture of the atomizing orifice 202 is any one or any two of 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, and 3 mm.

[0058] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1 The atomizing hole 202 is a round hole. The inner edge of the round hole has no sharp corners, so that when water hits the splash plate 2, the atomizing hole 202 is less likely to deform, which helps to stably maintain the opening area of ​​the atomizing hole 202, thereby controlling the diameter of the droplets sprayed by the water mist nozzle 10.

[0059] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The water mist nozzle 10 also includes a connecting bracket 3, which connects the spray plate 2 and the nozzle body 1. By connecting the nozzle body 1 and the spray plate 2 with the connecting bracket 3, the stability and reliability of the relative position between the nozzle body 1 and the spray plate 2 are maintained, making it more convenient to use. For example, please refer to... Figure 4 The connecting frame 3 includes two symmetrically arranged connecting arms. One end of each connecting arm is connected to both sides of the nozzle body 1, and the other ends of the two connecting arms are connected together and connected to the splash plate 2.

[0060] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1The perforated portion 201 includes atomizing holes 202 and atomizing slits 203, which are distributed sequentially along the direction from the center to the edge of the splash plate 2. Typically, the atomizing slits 203 are narrower and longer than the atomizing holes 202, thus the water flow rate of the atomizing slits 203 is greater than that of the atomizing holes 202 to a certain extent. When water impacts the center of the splash plate 2 during use, most of the water diffuses from the atomizing holes 202 at the center of the splash plate 2 to the other side. Providing atomizing slits 203 at the edge of the splash plate 2 can increase the probability of water diffusing from the edge of the splash plate 2, expanding the droplet distribution range and uniformity on the water outlet side of the water mist nozzle 10, thereby improving the water distribution characteristics of the water mist nozzle 10.

[0061] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 The water mist nozzle 10 also includes a switch structure 4, which is disposed on the nozzle body 1 and configured to control the opening and closing of the flow channel 101. When fire extinguishing is required, the switch structure 4 opens the flow channel 101, allowing water in the flow channel 101 to flow out and impact the splash plate 2, where it is atomized into very small droplets by the perforated portion 201 on the splash plate 2. When fire extinguishing is not required, the switch structure 4 controls the flow channel 101 to close, preventing water from flowing out of the flow channel 101. The switch structure 4 can be an active switch, such as a solenoid valve, or a passive switch, which is not limited here.

[0062] In some embodiments of this application, the water mist nozzle 10 further includes a connecting frame 3, which is connected between the splash plate 2 and the nozzle body 1; the switch structure 4 includes a sealing seat 41 and a temperature-sensitive glass 42, the sealing seat 41 is configured to detachably block the outlet of the flow channel 101, and the temperature-sensitive glass 42 is supported between the sealing seat 41 and the connecting frame 3.

[0063] The temperature-sensitive glass 42 can break when the ambient temperature rises. As an example, the temperature-sensitive glass 42 includes a sealed glass container and a phase-change liquid disposed within the glass container. When the temperature of the glass container rises, the liquid in the glass container changes from liquid to gas, and the pressure inside the glass container increases rapidly. When the pressure inside the glass container reaches a limit value, the glass container breaks. The temperature at which the glass container breaks can be controlled according to the wall thickness of the glass container and the type and amount of liquid inside, thus allowing the temperature-sensitive glass 42 to passively trigger the water mist nozzle 10 to start based on the temperature. As an example, the glass container is a hollow glass cylinder.

[0064] The temperature-sensitive glass 42 is mounted on the connecting frame 3, which supports the temperature-sensitive glass 42. As an example, the connecting frame 3 is fixed with threaded parts (e.g., screws), and the temperature-sensitive glass 42 is supported on these parts. The temperature-sensitive glass 42 also supports the sealing seat 41. Specifically, the temperature-sensitive glass 42 is located between the sealing seat 41 and the connecting frame 3, with both ends of the temperature-sensitive glass 42 abutting against the sealing seat 41 and the connecting frame 3 respectively; the sealing seat 41 is held between the nozzle body 1 and the temperature-sensitive glass 42.

[0065] When the sealing seat 41 is supported on the temperature-sensitive glass 42, the sealing seat 41 is close to the nozzle body 1 and blocks the outlet of the flow channel 101; after the temperature-sensitive glass 42 breaks, the sealing seat 41 loses its support and can separate from the nozzle body 1 under the action of gravity, thereby opening the flow channel 101.

[0066] As an example, the sealing seat 41 includes an integrally formed rigid part and a flexible part, wherein the flexible part is used to contact the nozzle body 1 and seal the flow channel 101, and the rigid part is used to contact the temperature-sensitive glass 42. This arrangement allows the sealing seat 41 to have both good sealing performance and structural stability, thereby improving the operational reliability of the water mist nozzle 10.

[0067] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to ,3 and Figure 6 The nozzle body 1 includes a housing 11 and a core 12. The housing 11 is fitted over the core 12, and the core 12 defines a flow channel 101. By machining the flow channel 101 on the core 12 and then assembling the core 12 and housing 11 together to form the nozzle body 1, the housing 11 protects the core 12, thus reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the nozzle body 1. Of course, in other embodiments, the nozzle body 1 may only include the housing 11.

[0068] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 A first through hole 111 is provided through the shell 11, and a core 12 is provided inside the first through hole 111. A second through hole 121 communicating with the first through hole 111 is provided through the core 12, and the second through hole 121 forms a flow channel 101.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, the flow coefficient of the water mist nozzle 10 is 5 to 40.

[0070] The flow coefficient K of the water mist nozzle 10 and the spray flow rate Q satisfy the following relationship: ; Where P represents the spray pressure (in MPa), and Q represents the water output of the water mist nozzle per 10 unit time (in liters per minute, L / min). It can be seen that the larger the flow coefficient K, the larger the spray flow rate Q.

[0071] When using water mist nozzle 10 for fire extinguishing, it typically sprays water continuously for a certain duration, such as 90 minutes. If the flow rate coefficient of water mist nozzle 10 is too high, it will increase the risk of flooding and waste water resources, thus limiting its use in arid regions (such as desert areas).

[0072] Thanks to the use of latent heat of water vaporization for fire extinguishing in this embodiment, the flow coefficient of the water mist nozzle 10 can be set to be relatively small, thus achieving fire extinguishing with a small amount of water.

[0073] As an example, the flow coefficient of the water mist nozzle 10 is a range of any one or any two of 5, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40.

[0074] Optionally, the flow coefficient of the water mist nozzle 10 is 9 to 21. Within this range, the water mist nozzle 10 has a better fire extinguishing effect and requires less water.

[0075] In some embodiments of this application, the diameter of the outlet of the flow channel 101 is 2.5 mm to 7.8 mm.

[0076] The flow coefficient of the water mist nozzle 10 is related to the diameter of the outlet of the flow channel 101. The larger the diameter of the outlet of the flow channel 101, the larger the flow coefficient of the water mist nozzle 10. As an example, the flow coefficient K is 14 and the diameter of the outlet of the flow channel 101 is 5.2 mm.

[0077] The outlet diameter of the flow channel 101 is usually set to be relatively small, which can achieve fire extinguishing with a small amount of water.

[0078] As an example, the diameter of the outlet of the flow channel 101 is any one or any two of the following: 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.5 mm, 5.0 mm, 5.5 mm, 6.0 mm, 6.5 mm, 7.0 mm, 7.5 mm and 7.8 mm.

[0079] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 The water mist nozzle 10 also includes an impact structure 5, which is disposed between the splash plate 2 and the nozzle body 1. The impact structure 5 has an impact surface 501, which is configured to impact the water flowing out of the self-flowing channel 101 and guide the impacted water to splash towards the splash plate 2.

[0080] It is understandable that when the water mist nozzle 10 also includes the impact structure 5, the water flowing out of the self-flowing channel 101 first impacts the impact surface 501 of the impact structure 5, and then impacts the splash plate 2, thus achieving a secondary impact. Multiple impacts on the water are beneficial for further refining the droplet diameter, and can also expand the droplet distribution range and uniformity on the water outlet side of the water mist nozzle 10.

[0081] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 4 The distance between the impact surface 501 and the splash plate 2 is less than 14.5 mm.

[0082] The distance between the impact surface 501 and the splash plate 2 is also called the impact spacing H. The atomization angle of the water mist nozzle 10 can be adjusted by changing the impact spacing H. The atomization angle (also called the atomization angle) refers to the apex angle of the cone formed by the water mist sprayed from the water mist nozzle 10, extending around the nozzle's axis. With the same shape for the splash plate 2, as the impact spacing H increases, the atomization angle will decrease, and after reaching a certain impact spacing H, secondary impacts will no longer be possible.

[0083] If the diameter D of the splash plate 2 is no greater than 40mm, the impact distance H should be less than 14.5mm in order to ensure secondary impact.

[0084] Optionally, the diameter D of the splash plate 2 is 20mm to 40mm, and the distance between the impact surface 501 and the splash plate 2 is 8mm to 14.5mm. As an example, the diameter D of the splash plate 2 is 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm or 40mm, and the distance between the impact surface 501 and the splash plate 2 is 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm or 14.5mm.

[0085] In some embodiments of this application, where the water mist nozzle 10 also includes a connecting frame 3, the impact structure 5 is disposed on the connecting frame 3 and spaced apart from and corresponding to the water outlet of the flow channel 101. This allows the water sprayed from the flow channel 101 to impact the impact structure 5 more concentratedly.

[0086] In some embodiments of this application, the impact structure 5 is a threaded component that passes through the connecting frame 3 and is threadedly connected to the connecting frame 3. The top surface of the threaded component near the nozzle body 1 is the impact surface 501. When the water mist nozzle 10 includes a temperature-sensitive glass 42, the impact surface 501 supports the temperature-sensitive glass 42. That is, by reusing the threaded component that fixes the temperature-sensitive glass 42 as the impact structure 5, the number of parts on the water mist nozzle 10 is reduced, making the structure of the water mist nozzle 10 simpler and more compact.

[0087] The threaded part is threadedly connected to the connecting frame 3. By rotating the threaded part, the position of the threaded part on the connecting frame 3 can be flexibly adjusted, thereby adjusting the impact distance H and the magnitude of the force exerted by the threaded part on the temperature-sensitive glass 42.

[0088] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 4 The diameter D of the splash plate 2 is 20mm~40mm.

[0089] The diameter D of the splash plate 2 refers to its outer diameter. The diameter D of the splash plate 2 affects the spray distance and atomization angle of the water mist nozzle 10. Figure 7 It can be seen that, with the same forming angle of the splash plate 2, as the diameter D of the splash plate 2 increases, the spraying distance of the water mist nozzle 10 increases, and the atomization angle also increases. However, after the diameter D of the splash plate 2 increases to a certain extent, its influence on the spraying distance and atomization angle of the water mist nozzle 10 will become smaller, while an excessively large diameter D of the splash plate 2 will result in an excessively large volume of the water mist nozzle 10.

[0090] As an example, the diameter D of the splash plate 2 is any one or any two of 20mm, 22mm, 24mm, 26mm, 28mm, 30mm, 32mm, 34mm, 36mm, 38mm and 40mm.

[0091] In some embodiments of this application, the forming angle of the splash plate 2 is greater than 90° and less than 180°.

[0092] The forming angle of the splash plate 2 directly affects the atomization angle of the water mist nozzle 10. As the forming angle of the splash plate 2 increases, the atomization angle of the water mist nozzle 10 also increases. Under the same spray pressure and the same impact distance, the forming angle of the splash plate 2 will be slightly larger than the atomization angle of the water mist nozzle 10. For example, if the atomization angle of the water mist nozzle 10 is 150°, the forming angle of the splash plate 2 is 165°.

[0093] As an example, the forming angle of the splash plate 2 is any one or any two of 91°, 100°, 110°, 120°, 130°, 140°, 150°, 160°, 170° and 179°.

[0094] In some embodiments of this application, the splash plate 2 is shaped at an angle of 180°, meaning it is flat. In this case, although the atomization angle of the water mist nozzle 10 is relatively large, after the water impacts the splash plate 2, a small section of water mist will splash upwards before freely falling downwards. This results in energy loss and insufficient mist momentum. Furthermore, some water impacting the edge of the splash plate 2 cannot be atomized after bouncing, thus reducing the spray distance. Please refer to [link / reference] for details. Figure 7 line b in Figure 8 It can be seen that, for the same diameter D, the spraying distance is significantly reduced when the forming angle of the splash plate 2 is 180°. Similarly, a forming angle greater than 180° of the splash plate 2 also results in a reduced spraying distance.

[0095] In some embodiments of this application, the splash plate 2 includes a central portion 21 and a peripheral portion 22 surrounding the central portion 21. The peripheral portion 22 is set at an angle to the central portion 21. The peripheral portion 22 extends from the edge of the central portion 21 in a direction away from the nozzle body 1, and the angle between the central portion 21 and the peripheral portion 22 is greater than 90° and less than 180°.

[0096] It is understandable that when using the water mist nozzle 10 to extinguish a battery fire, the greater the distance between the battery and the water mist nozzle 10, the farther the spray distance of the water mist nozzle 10, and the more batteries can be covered by the water mist sprayed from the water mist nozzle 10 to achieve fire extinguishing. However, in some application scenarios, such as battery production equipment, the distance between the water mist nozzle 10 and the battery is relatively small due to limited installation space. By including a central part 21 and an outer part 22 in the splash plate 2, with the outer part 22 extending at an angle relative to the central part 21, a larger spray distance can be achieved even with a smaller spray height. Please refer to [link / reference] for details. Figure 7 The c-line in Figure 9 It can be seen that, for the same diameter D and the same forming angle, when the spraying height is less than 0.5m, Figure 9 The spraying distance of the medium spraying curve is significantly greater than Figure 7 The spray curve corresponds to line c in the diagram. This allows the water mist nozzle 10 to be used when the spray height is relatively small.

[0097] In some embodiments of this application, a central portion 21 and a peripheral portion 22 are sequentially distributed along the direction from the center to the edge of the splash plate 2, wherein atomizing holes 202 are formed on the central portion 21, and atomizing slits 203 are formed on the peripheral portion 22. Optionally, there can be multiple atomizing holes 202, which are spaced apart on the central portion 21, either at equal intervals or at non-equal intervals. Optionally, there can be multiple atomizing slits 203, which are spaced apart on the peripheral portion 22, either at equal intervals or at non-equal intervals. By increasing the number of atomizing holes 202 and / or atomizing slits 203, especially with equal intervals between the atomizing holes 202 and the atomizing slits 203, the uniformity of the water mist sprayed by the water mist nozzle 10 can be effectively improved, thus enhancing the fire extinguishing effect.

[0098] Secondly, this application embodiment also provides a fire suppression system for extinguishing fires in batteries. The fire suppression system includes the aforementioned water mist nozzle 10. Specifically, the fire suppression system extinguishes the battery fire by the water mist nozzle 10 spraying water mist with small droplet diameters onto the battery.

[0099] The battery here can be any one or more of the following: a single battery cell, a battery module, and a battery pack. Battery types include, but are not limited to, lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries.

[0100] The fire protection system provided in this application includes the water mist nozzle 10 described above, and therefore also has all the beneficial effects of the water mist nozzle 10 described above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, the fire protection system includes a booster device configured to increase the water flowing into the flow channel 101 to a working pressure of 0.35 MPa to 1.2 MPa. As an example, the working water pressure is 0.35 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.6 MPa, 0.7 MPa, 0.8 MPa, 0.9 MPa, 1.0 MPa, 1.1 MPa, or 1.2 MPa. As an example, the booster device is a water pump. Optionally, the fire protection system also includes a conduit connected to the water mist nozzle 10. The conduit is also connected to the booster device.

[0102] In some embodiments of this application, the water mist nozzle 10 is configured to be at a distance of 70 mm or more from the battery.

[0103] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide an energy storage device, which includes a battery and the aforementioned fire suppression system, wherein the water mist nozzles 10 in the fire suppression system are configured to extinguish a fire on the battery. As an example, the energy storage device is an energy storage container.

[0104] Fourthly, this application also provides a battery production equipment, which includes the aforementioned fire suppression system. During battery production, the water mist nozzles 10 in the fire suppression system can be used to extinguish fires on the batteries. As an example, the battery production equipment includes at least one of a battery formation device, a battery aging device, and a battery storage cabinet.

[0105] As can be seen, the water mist nozzle 10 provided in this application embodiment can be used to extinguish fires on batteries in use (e.g., the water mist nozzle 10 is applied to an energy storage container), to extinguish fires on batteries in production (e.g., the water mist nozzle 10 is applied to battery formation equipment, battery aging equipment, etc.), and to extinguish fires on batteries in storage (e.g., the water mist nozzle 10 is applied to a warehouse storing batteries).

[0106] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0107] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0108] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0109] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A water mist nozzle, characterized in that, include: The nozzle body has a flow channel that is configured to allow water to flow through it. as well as A splash plate, spaced apart from the nozzle body and configured to receive water flowing from the flow channel, is provided with a perforated portion, the perforated portion including at least one of atomizing holes and atomizing slits; the opening area of ​​the atomizing holes is 0.071 mm. 2 ~7.1mm 2 The atomizing slit has a slit width of 0.3mm to 2.3mm; the hollow part is configured to atomize the water received by the splash plate so that the DV90 diameter of the droplets is less than or equal to 800μm.

2. The water mist nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water mist nozzle also includes a switch structure, which is disposed on the nozzle body and configured to control the opening and closing of the flow channel.

3. The water mist nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water mist nozzle also includes a connecting frame, which is connected between the splash plate and the nozzle body; the switch structure includes a sealing seat and a temperature-sensitive glass, the sealing seat is configured to detachably block the outlet of the flow channel, and the temperature-sensitive glass is supported between the sealing seat and the connecting frame.

4. The water mist nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The water mist nozzle also includes an impact structure disposed between the splash plate and the nozzle body. The impact structure has an impact surface configured to impact water flowing out of the flow channel and guide the impacted water to splash toward the splash plate.

5. The water mist nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The distance between the impact surface and the splash plate is less than 14.5 mm; optionally, the distance between the impact surface and the splash plate is 8 mm to 14.5 mm.

6. The water mist nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the water mist nozzle also includes a connecting frame, the impact structure is disposed on the connecting frame and is spaced apart from and corresponding to the water outlet of the flow channel; optionally, the impact structure is a threaded component, which passes through the connecting frame and is threadedly connected to the connecting frame, and the top surface of the threaded component near the nozzle body is the impact surface; when the water mist nozzle includes temperature-sensitive glass, the impact surface supports the temperature-sensitive glass.

7. The water mist nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The aperture of the atomizing orifice is 0.3mm to 3mm; and / or, The splash plate is provided corresponding to the outlet of the flow channel; and / or, The atomizing orifice is a round orifice; and / or, The water mist nozzle also includes a connecting frame, which connects the splash plate and the nozzle body; and / or, The flow coefficient of the water mist nozzle is 5~40; optionally, the flow coefficient of the water mist nozzle is 9~21; and / or, The diameter of the outlet of the flow channel is 2.5mm~7.8mm; and / or, The perforated portion includes the atomizing holes and the atomizing slits, which are sequentially distributed along the direction from the center to the edge of the splash plate; and / or, The diameter of the splash plate is 20mm~40mm; and / or, The splash plate includes a central portion and a peripheral portion surrounding the central portion. The peripheral portion is disposed at an angle to the central portion, and the peripheral portion extends from the edge of the central portion in a direction away from the nozzle body. The angle between the central portion and the peripheral portion is greater than 90° and less than 180°; and / or, The forming angle of the splash plate is greater than 90° and less than 180°; and / or, The nozzle body includes a shell and a core, the shell being fitted over the core, and the core defining the flow channel.

8. A fire suppression system for extinguishing fires in batteries, characterized in that, Includes the water mist nozzle as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The fire protection system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fire protection system includes a pressurization device configured to increase the water flowing into the flow channel to a working pressure of 0.35 MPa to 1.2 MPa; and / or, The water mist nozzle is configured to be at a distance of 70 mm or more from the battery.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes a battery and a fire suppression system as described in claim 8 or 9, wherein the water mist nozzle is configured to extinguish a fire on the battery.

11. A battery manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that, Includes the fire protection system as described in claim 8 or 9.

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