A train headlamp cover production device

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of train component production equipment, and in particular to a train headlight cover production device. It includes a testing platform, a multi-station carrier turntable, a servo motor, clamping fixtures, a vision inspection component, and a light transmittance inspection component. It integrates appearance inspection and light transmittance inspection into a single device, eliminating the need to transfer lamp covers between multiple machines, reducing transfer costs and the risk of secondary damage, and significantly improving production efficiency. Through the servo-driven multi-station carrier turntable and multiple clamping fixtures, continuous flow of lamp cover loading, appearance inspection, light transmittance inspection, and unloading is achieved. There is no need to wait for a single lamp cover to complete all inspections before loading the next workpiece, greatly improving inspection efficiency and meeting the needs of large-scale mass production. The light source position and illumination angle can be flexibly adjusted, and the clamping components can adapt to lamp covers of different diameters, demonstrating strong versatility and meeting the inspection requirements of various train headlight cover models.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of train parts production equipment, specifically relating to a train headlight cover production device. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of the train lighting system, the performance of the train headlight cover directly affects train driving safety.

[0003] The headlight cover of the train must meet three core requirements: first, a high-strength structure to withstand complex conditions such as airflow impact and collision with foreign objects during train operation; second, high light transmittance and optical uniformity to ensure stable output of lighting light and avoid problems such as glare and shadows that affect visibility; and third, precise dimensions to achieve a precise fit with the headlight housing, ensuring installation sealing and structural stability.

[0004] Appearance inspection and light transmittance inspection are key quality control procedures before train headlight covers leave the factory: appearance inspection needs to check for defects such as scratches, bubbles, cracks, and color differences on the surface of the cover; light transmittance inspection needs to verify the light transmittance and uniformity of the cover to ensure that it meets the design standards of the train lighting system.

[0005] In existing technologies, the above two tests are usually completed by two separate sets of equipment, which has the following significant drawbacks: 1. The process is decentralized, and the lampshade needs to be transferred between different equipment, which not only increases labor costs and transfer time, but may also cause secondary damage during the transfer process; 2. Most existing testing equipment is designed as a single station, which can only test one lampshade at a time. The next workpiece can only be loaded and tested after the unloading is completed. The operation process is not continuous, the testing efficiency is extremely low, and it is difficult to meet the production capacity requirements of large-scale mass production scenarios; 3. The position and angle of the testing mechanism of existing equipment are mostly fixed, which cannot be adapted to lampshade products of different specifications and sizes, resulting in poor versatility.

[0006] To solve the above problems, this utility model proposes a production device for train headlight covers. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a train headlight cover production device, which features convenient use, high testing efficiency, easy adjustment, and high testing accuracy.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a train headlight cover production device, including a testing platform, and further including a multi-station bearing turntable, a servo motor, clamping fixtures, a vision inspection component and a light transmittance inspection component;

[0009] The multi-station load-bearing turntable is installed on the top of the testing platform and can rotate around its own axis;

[0010] The servo motor is fixed to the bottom surface of the detection platform and is used to drive the multi-station load-bearing turntable to rotate;

[0011] Multiple sets of clamping fixtures are fixed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the top surface of the multi-station bearing turntable. Each fixture includes a support base fixed to the top surface of the multi-station bearing turntable, two symmetrically distributed arc-shaped clamping blocks, a control component for driving the two arc-shaped clamping blocks to move towards or away from each other, and a photosensitive element fixed in the middle of the top surface of the support base. The top surface of the arc-shaped clamping blocks is provided with stepped grooves.

[0012] The visual inspection component is located on the top of the inspection platform and corresponds to the rotation path of the multi-station bearing turntable, and is used for the appearance inspection of the lampshade.

[0013] The light transmittance detection component is located on the top of the detection platform and corresponds to the rotation path of the multi-station bearing turntable. It is used for light transmittance detection of the lampshade. It includes a vertical plate fixed to the top of the detection platform, a first cantilever plate installed on the vertical plate, a second cantilever plate installed at the end of the first cantilever plate using an angle positioning component, a mounting block slidably installed on the second cantilever plate, a light source fixed on the mounting block, a locking component, and an adjustment component. The first cantilever plate is connected to the vertical plate using the locking component, and the adjustment component is used to adjust the position of the mounting block along the length direction of the second cantilever plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a rubber gasket is bonded and fixed inside the stepped groove.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the control component includes a first guide slider, a bidirectional threaded rod, and a knob;

[0016] The first guide slider is fixed to the bottom end of the arc-shaped clamping block, and a guide groove matching the first guide slider is provided on the support base;

[0017] The bidirectional threaded rod is rotatably installed in the guide groove and is threadedly engaged with the first guide slider.

[0018] The knob is fixed to one end of the bidirectional threaded rod.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the visual inspection component includes an inverted L-shaped mounting bracket, a CCD camera, and a ring light;

[0020] The inverted L-shaped mounting bracket is fixed to the top of the testing platform;

[0021] The CCD camera is fixed to the top surface of the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped mounting bracket;

[0022] The ring-shaped fill light is fixed to the bottom surface of the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped mounting bracket and is located directly below the CCD camera.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the angle positioning component includes a fixing block, a mounting ear with holes, a fixing shaft, and a manual bolt;

[0024] The fixing block is fixed to the end face of the second cantilever plate, and a plurality of positioning grooves are provided on the end face of the fixing block at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;

[0025] The perforated mounting ear is fixed to the end face of the first cantilever plate;

[0026] The fixed shaft is fixed to the end face of the fixed block, and the fixed shaft passes through the perforated mounting lug to form a rotating structure;

[0027] The manual bolt is installed on the perforated mounting lug by thread engagement, and one end of the manual bolt is embedded in the positioning groove.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the locking component includes a screw and a wing nut;

[0029] The screw is fixed to the end of the first cantilever plate, and a waist-shaped hole is provided on the vertical plate for the screw to pass through;

[0030] The wing nut is provided at the protruding end of the screw by means of thread engagement.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the locking component further includes a gasket;

[0032] The gasket is fitted onto the screw and positioned between the vertical plate and the wing nut.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the adjusting component includes a threaded screw and a handle;

[0034] An installation opening is provided on the second cantilever plate, the installation block is slidably installed in the installation opening, the threaded screw is installed on the second cantilever plate by thread engagement, and one end of the threaded screw is rotatably connected to the installation block by a bearing;

[0035] The handle is fixed to the end of the threaded rod away from the mounting block.

[0036] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, a second guide slider is fixed on the outer wall of the mounting block, and a guide sliding hole adapted to the mounting block is provided on the outer wall of the second overhang plate.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0038] 1. By integrating appearance inspection and light transmittance inspection into the same device, the lampshade can be transferred between multiple devices without the need for transfer, which simplifies the production process, reduces transfer costs and the risk of secondary damage, and significantly improves production efficiency.

[0039] 2. By using a servo-driven multi-station turntable with multiple clamping fixtures, continuous flow of lampshade loading, appearance inspection, light transmittance inspection, and unloading is achieved. There is no need to wait for a single lampshade to complete all inspections before loading the next workpiece, which greatly improves inspection efficiency and can meet the needs of large-scale mass production.

[0040] 3. The position and angle of the light source can be flexibly adjusted, and the clamping components can be adapted to lamp covers of different diameters. It has strong versatility and can meet the testing needs of lamp covers of various train headlight models.

[0041] Other additional advantages and beneficial effects of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the clamping fixture in this utility model;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the vision inspection component in this utility model;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the transmittance detection component in this utility model;

[0047] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the angle positioning component in the diagram.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Inspection platform; 2. Multi-station load-bearing turntable; 3. Servo motor; 4. Clamping fixture; 41. Support base; 411. Guide slide; 42. Arc-shaped clamping block; 421. Stepped groove; 43. Control component; 431. First guide slider; 432. Bidirectional threaded rod; 433. Knob; 44. Photosensitive element; 45. Rubber pad; 5. Vision inspection component; 51. Inverted L-shaped mounting bracket; 52. CCD camera; 53. Ring fill light; 6. Transmittance detection component; 61. Vertical plate; 61 1. Waist-shaped hole; 62. First cantilever plate; 63. Second cantilever plate; 631. Mounting port; 632. Guide sliding hole; 64. Angle positioning assembly; 641. Fixing block; 6411. Positioning groove; 642. Mounting ear with hole; 643. Fixing shaft; 644. Manual bolt; 65. Mounting block; 651. Second guide slider; 66. Light source; 67. Locking assembly; 671. Screw; 672. Wing nut; 673. Washer; 68. Adjustment assembly; 681. Threaded screw; 682. Handle. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0050] Please see Figures 1-5 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a production device for train headlight covers, including a testing platform 1, and also including a multi-station bearing turntable 2, a servo motor 3, a clamping fixture 4, a vision inspection component 5 and a light transmittance inspection component 6.

[0051] Furthermore, by Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the multi-station carrier turntable 2 is installed on the top of the inspection platform 1 and can rotate around its own axis; the servo motor 3 is fixed to the bottom surface of the inspection platform 1 and is used to drive the multi-station carrier turntable 2 to rotate; multiple sets of clamping fixtures 4 are fixed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the top surface of the multi-station carrier turntable 2, including a support base 41 fixed to the top surface of the multi-station carrier turntable 2, two symmetrically distributed arc-shaped clamping blocks 42, a control component 43 for driving the two arc-shaped clamping blocks 42 to move towards or in opposite directions, and a photosensitive element 44 fixed to the center of the top surface of the support base 41. The top surface of the lampshade is provided with a stepped groove 421; the visual inspection component 5 is located on the top of the inspection platform 1 and corresponds to the rotation path of the multi-station bearing turntable 2, and is used for the appearance inspection of the lampshade; the light transmittance inspection component 6 is located on the top of the inspection platform 1 and corresponds to the rotation path of the multi-station bearing turntable 2, and is used for the light transmittance inspection of the lampshade, which includes a vertical plate 61 fixed to the top of the inspection platform 1, a first cantilever plate 62 installed on the vertical plate 61, a second cantilever plate 63 installed at the end of the first cantilever plate 62 using an angle positioning component 64, a mounting block 65 slidably installed on the second cantilever plate 63, and a fixed mounting block 65. The mounting block 65 includes a light source 66, a locking assembly 67, and an adjustment assembly 68. The first cantilever plate 62 is connected to the upright plate 61 via the locking assembly 67. The adjustment assembly 68 is used to adjust the position of the mounting block 65 along the length of the second cantilever plate 63. The production device of this utility model is controlled by a PLC controller (not shown in the figure). Before starting the device, the parameters of each station are preset by the PLC: the single rotation angle of the servo motor 3 is set (consistent with the circumferentially spaced angles of the multiple sets of clamping fixtures 4, ensuring that the individual clamping fixtures 4 are accurately aligned after the multi-station bearing turntable 2 rotates). (Inspection station); calibrate the shooting range, focal length and defect recognition threshold of the visual inspection component 5 (e.g., scratch depth ≥0.1mm, crack length ≥2mm is judged as unqualified); adjust the initial state of the light transmittance inspection component 6: fix the height of the first cantilever plate 62 on the upright plate 61 by locking component 67 (adapt to the height size of the lampshade to be inspected), adjust the angle between the second cantilever plate 63 and the first cantilever plate 62 by angle positioning component 64 (to meet the inspection requirements of lampshades of different shapes), and move the mounting block 65 by adjusting component 68 to ensure that the light covers the lampshade evenly.

[0052] When the operator or automated feeding mechanism places the lamp cover to be tested on the top surface of the support base 41 of a clamping fixture 4, the control component 43 drives two arc-shaped clamping blocks 42 to move towards each other to clamp and fix the lamp cover to be tested. The stepped groove 421 on the top surface of the arc-shaped clamping block 42 is adapted to the outer contour of the lamp cover. Its stepped surface can limit the radial and axial movement of the lamp cover at the same time, preventing the lamp cover from shifting or shaking during circulation, ensuring the stability of the lamp cover to be tested, and avoiding detection errors caused by positional deviation.

[0053] Afterwards, the PLC sends a rotation command to the servo motor 3, and the servo motor 3 drives the multi-station load-bearing turntable 2 to rotate at a constant speed around its own axis through a reducer (not shown in the figure). Since multiple sets of clamping fixtures 4 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the turntable, the single rotation angle of the turntable accurately corresponds to the distance between adjacent clamping fixtures 4, ensuring that the clamping fixtures 4 holding the lamp cover are sequentially transferred to the vision inspection station and the light transmittance inspection station, while the empty fixtures are transferred to the loading station, realizing multi-station parallel operation.

[0054] When the clamping fixture 4 moves to the corresponding position of the vision inspection component 5, the PLC sends an inspection command to the vision inspection component 5: The vision inspection component 5 (composed of an industrial camera, a supplementary lighting module, and an image analysis module) acquires high-definition images of the outer surface of the lampshade (including the top surface, sides, and edge transitions) through the industrial camera, and the supplementary lighting module simultaneously provides a uniform light source (to avoid inspection errors caused by shadows); the acquired image data is transmitted to the image analysis module and compared with the qualified lampshade appearance template preset by the PLC to identify whether there are appearance defects such as scratches, cracks, deformation, and missing materials: if the inspection is qualified, the PLC records the appearance qualification information of the lampshade and triggers the multi-station carrier turntable 2 to continue rotating; if the inspection is unqualified, the PLC marks the lampshade as "appearance unqualified" and stores the defect image data to provide a basis for subsequent sorting.

[0055] When the lampshade, after visual inspection, is transferred to the corresponding position of the transmittance detection component 6 by the multi-station carrier turntable 2, the PLC controls the light source 66 to emit monochromatic light of a preset intensity (preferably 550nm visible light, which meets the transmittance performance testing standard for train headlights). The light penetrates the lampshade vertically and is projected onto the photosensitive element 44 (such as a wireless photoelectric sensor) on the top surface of the support base 41. The photosensitive element 44 converts the received light intensity signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the transmittance calculation module of the PLC. The module calculates the transmittance value of the lampshade according to the formula "transmittance = (received light intensity / incident light intensity) × 100%" and compares it with the qualified threshold preset by the PLC. If the transmittance is qualified, the PLC records the transmittance qualified information of the lampshade; if it is unqualified, the PLC marks the lampshade as "transmittance unqualified".

[0056] When the lampshade that has completed the light transmittance test is transferred to the unloading station by the turntable, the PLC performs the corresponding unloading action according to the appearance and light transmittance test results of the lampshade: release the clamping fixture 4 to release the lampshade, then remove the tested lampshade, and collect the qualified and unqualified lampshades separately.

[0057] After the material is unloaded, the PLC controls the servo motor 3 to continue driving the multi-station load-bearing turntable 2 to rotate, and the empty tooling is transferred back to the loading station to enter the next round of inspection cycle.

[0058] Preferably, by Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in this embodiment, a rubber pad 45 is bonded and fixed inside the stepped groove 421. With the above solution, the rubber pad 45 has elastic buffering characteristics during use. It can form a flexible buffer layer when the arc-shaped clamp 42 contacts the outer wall of the lampshade, avoiding direct hard contact between the metal arc-shaped clamp 42 and the lampshade (mostly made of plastic or glass). This effectively prevents scratches, indentations or cracks on the surface of the lampshade due to clamping pressure, ensuring that the appearance integrity and light transmission performance of the lampshade are not affected by the clamping process.

[0059] The surface friction coefficient of the rubber pad 45 is higher than that of metal, which can significantly increase the friction between the arc-shaped clamp 42 and the lamp cover. Combined with the radial and axial limiting structure of the stepped groove 421, it can effectively prevent the lamp cover from slipping or deflecting during the rotation and inspection of the multi-station load-bearing turntable 2, ensuring the accurate position of the lamp cover during inspection and improving the accuracy of the results of appearance inspection and light transmittance inspection.

[0060] Optionally, by Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the control component 43 includes a first guide slider 431, a bidirectional threaded rod 432, and a knob 433. The first guide slider 431 is fixed to the bottom end of the arc-shaped clamping block 42, and a guide groove 411 matching the first guide slider 431 is provided on the support base 41. The bidirectional threaded rod 432 is rotatably installed in the guide groove 411 and threadedly engaged with the first guide slider 431. The knob 433 is fixed to one end of the bidirectional threaded rod 432. With the above solution, when it is necessary to clamp or release the lampshade, the knob 433 can be rotated to... The bidirectional threaded rod 432 is driven to rotate around its own axis within the guide groove 411. Since the two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod 432 are provided with external threads of opposite directions, and the two sets of first guide sliders 431 are respectively threadedly engaged with the corresponding threaded sections of the bidirectional threaded rod 432, and the first guide sliders 431 are embedded in the guide groove 411 of the support seat 41 and are limited by it (restricting the first guide sliders 431 from rotating synchronously with the bidirectional threaded rod 432), the rotational motion of the bidirectional threaded rod 432 can be converted into the linear motion of the two sets of first guide sliders 431 along the length direction of the guide groove 411.

[0061] When the knob 433 is rotated clockwise, the bidirectional threaded rod 432 rotates clockwise, and the two sets of first guide sliders 431 move towards each other under the action of the thread force and the guiding and limiting action of the guide groove 411, thereby driving the two arc-shaped clamping blocks 42 fixedly connected to them to move closer together, so as to achieve clamping and positioning of the lamp cover on the top surface of the support base 41.

[0062] When the knob 433 is rotated counterclockwise, the bidirectional threaded rod 432 rotates counterclockwise, and the two sets of first guide sliders 431 separate in opposite directions along the guide groove 411, causing the two arc-shaped clamps 42 to move away from each other, releasing the clamp on the lamp cover so that the unloading or reloading operation can be carried out.

[0063] Optionally, by Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the visual inspection component 5 includes an inverted L-shaped mounting bracket 51, a CCD camera 52, and a ring light 53. The inverted L-shaped mounting bracket 51 is fixed to the top of the inspection platform 1. The CCD camera 52 is fixed to the top surface of the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped mounting bracket 51. The ring light 53 is fixed to the bottom surface of the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped mounting bracket 51 and is located directly below the CCD camera 52. With the above solution, in use, the inverted L-shaped mounting bracket 51 is fixed to the top of the inspection platform 1 by bolts, and its horizontal part extends above the multi-station bearing turntable 2 and is precisely aligned with the clamping fixture 4 of the visual inspection station, providing a stable and coaxial mounting reference for the CCD camera 52 and the ring light 53, ensuring that the inspection angle and lighting range of both completely cover the lamp cover to be inspected.

[0064] When the clamping fixture 4 carrying the lampshade moves to the vision inspection station and stops, the PLC immediately sends a start command to the vision inspection component 5: First, the ring light 53 is powered on and lit. Its ring structure can form a uniform light source field around the lens axis of the CCD camera 52. The light is projected vertically downward onto the surface of the lampshade, which can eliminate the shadow dead angles caused by the unidirectional light source on the curved surface of the lampshade (such as the top arc surface and the side transition area), and avoid the reflection interference caused by local over-brightness, so as to ensure that the outlines of defects such as scratches, cracks and missing materials on the surface of the lampshade are clearly displayed.

[0065] CCD camera 52 starts image acquisition: its lens is vertically downward and is aligned with the lampshade through the lens hole reserved in the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped mounting bracket 51. A single acquisition can cover the top surface and upper edge area of ​​the lampshade. If it is necessary to inspect the entire circumference of the lampshade, the PLC can synchronously control the multi-station bearing turntable 2 to drive the clamping fixture 4 to rotate slowly. CCD camera 52 continuously takes pictures at preset intervals (such as acquiring 1 frame every 10°) to form an image sequence of the entire surface of the lampshade.

[0066] Optionally, by Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the angle positioning component 64 includes a fixing block 641, a perforated mounting ear 642, a fixing shaft 643, and a manual bolt 644. The fixing block 641 is fixed to the end face of the second cantilever plate 63, and a plurality of positioning grooves 6411 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction are provided on the end face of the fixing block 641. The perforated mounting ear 642 is fixed to the end face of the first cantilever plate 62. The fixing shaft 643 is fixed to the end face of the fixing block 641, and the fixing shaft 643 passes through the perforated mounting ear 642 to form a rotating structure. The manual bolt 644 is installed on the perforated mounting ear 642 by thread engagement, and one end of the manual bolt 644 is embedded in the positioning groove 6411. Subsequently, during use, if it is necessary to adapt to the light transmittance detection requirements of different lampshade models (such as the top surface of the lampshade being an arc-shaped curved surface, requiring adjustment of the illumination angle of the light source 66 to ensure that the light penetrates the main body area of ​​the lampshade vertically), the angle positioning component 64 is initially in a "locked state": the manual bolt 644 is tightly installed on the hole mounting ear 642 by thread engagement, and its end is embedded in a certain circumferentially spaced positioning groove 6411 on the end face of the fixing block 641. Through the locking action of the manual bolt 644 and the positioning groove 6411, the rotation of the fixing block 641 (and the second cantilever plate 63 connected thereto) around the fixing axis 643 is restricted. At this time, the second cantilever plate 63 and the first cantilever plate 62 maintain a preset initial included angle.

[0067] When the illumination angle of the light source 66 needs to be adjusted, the operator rotates the manual bolt 644 clockwise. Since the manual bolt 644 and the mounting lug 642 with holes are threaded, the manual bolt 644 moves outward along the thread axis during the rotation. Its end embedded in the positioning groove 6411 gradually disengages from the groove until it is completely removed from the positioning groove 6411, thus releasing the rotation restriction on the fixing block 641. At this time, with the fixing shaft 643 as the rotation center, the second cantilever plate 63 can be pushed to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around the fixing shaft 643, causing the mounting block 65 and the light source 66 mounted on the second cantilever plate 63 to deflect synchronously, thereby adjusting the angle between the light source 66 and the lampshade surface.

[0068] When the light source 66 is adjusted to the target position, the operator rotates the manual bolt 644 counterclockwise: the bolt moves inward along the thread axis, and its end is re-embedded into the positioning groove 6411 corresponding to the fixed block 641. Through the squeezing action between the head of the manual bolt 644 and the inner wall of the positioning groove 6411, the fixed block 641 and the hole mounting ear 642 are relatively fixed, thereby locking the angle position of the second overhang plate 63.

[0069] Optionally, by Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the locking component 67 includes a screw 671 and a wing nut 672. The screw 671 is fixed to the end of the first cantilever plate 62, and a waist-shaped hole 611 for the screw 671 to pass through is provided on the upright plate 61. The wing nut 672 is provided at the protruding end of the screw 671 by means of thread engagement. With the above scheme, during use, when the device is in standby or during testing, the locking component 67 is in a locked state: the screw 671 is fixed to the end of the first cantilever plate 62 and passes through the waist-shaped hole 611 of the upright plate 61, and the wing nut 672 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the upright plate 61 by means of thread engagement. By utilizing the friction between the wing nut 672 and the upright plate 61 and the self-locking characteristics of the thread, the movement of the screw 671 along the waist-shaped hole 611 is restricted, thereby fixing the height position of the first cantilever plate 62 and ensuring the overall structural stability of the light transmittance detection component 6.

[0070] When it is necessary to adapt the headlight covers of trains with different heights and sizes, the operator manually rotates the wing nut 672 counterclockwise. Since the wing nut 672 and the screw 671 are threaded together, during the rotation, the wing nut 672 moves outward along the axis of the screw 671, gradually disengaging from the outer wall of the upright plate 61 and releasing the pressure restriction on the screw 671. At this time, the screw 671 can slide up and down along the waist-shaped hole 611 on the upright plate 61. The operator pushes the first cantilever plate 62 to move vertically along the upright plate 61, driving the second cantilever plate 63 and the light source 66 to rise and fall synchronously until the height of the light source 66 is aligned with the central axis of the cover to be tested (or reaches the preset testing height).

[0071] The length direction of the waist-shaped hole 611 is consistent with the vertical direction of the upright plate 61. Its hole wall plays a guiding role for the screw 671, preventing the first cantilever plate 62 from shifting horizontally during the adjustment process and ensuring the straightness of the height adjustment.

[0072] After the first cantilever plate 62 is adjusted to the target height, the operator rotates the wing nut 672 clockwise: the nut moves inward along the axis of the screw 671 until its end face is tightly attached to the outer wall of the upright plate 61 and a preset clamping force is generated; through the static friction between the wing nut 672 and the upright plate 61, as well as the self-locking effect of the thread structure, the screw 671 and the upright plate 61 are relatively fixed, thereby locking the height position of the first cantilever plate 62.

[0073] Preferably, by Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the locking component 67 further includes a washer 673. The washer 673 is sleeved on the screw 671 and located between the upright plate 61 and the wing nut 672. With the above solution, during use, the washer 673 is sleeved on the screw 671 and located between the upright plate 61 and the wing nut 672, which increases the contact area between the wing nut 672 and the upright plate 61, so that the locking force is evenly distributed on the surface of the upright plate 61, avoiding locking failure caused by local pressure concentration. At the same time, the washer 673 (preferably made of rubber or non-slip metal) can increase the friction coefficient of the contact surface. Combined with the self-locking characteristics of the thread, it can effectively resist the vibration interference during the operation of the device, prevent the wing nut 672 from loosening on its own, ensure the long-term stability of the height locking of the first cantilever plate 62, and ensure that the height distance between the light source 66 and the lamp cover is constant.

[0074] Optionally, by Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the adjustment component 68 includes a threaded screw 681 and a handle 682. An installation opening 631 is provided on the second overhang plate 63. The mounting block 65 is slidably installed in the installation opening 631. The threaded screw 681 is installed on the second overhang plate 63 by threaded engagement, and one end of the threaded screw 681 is rotatably connected to the mounting block 65 via a bearing. The handle 682 is fixed to the end of the threaded screw 681 away from the mounting block 65. With the above scheme, when the device is in standby mode, the adjustment component 68 is in its initial positioning state: the mounting block 65 is slidably embedded in the installation opening 631 of the second overhang plate 63, its sidewall tightly fitting against the inner wall of the installation opening 631 (without obvious gaps). The threaded screw 681 penetrates the sidewall of the second overhang plate 63 by threaded engagement, and one end is rotatably connected to the mounting block 65 via a bearing (the bearing prevents the mounting block 65 from rotating synchronously when the threaded screw 681 rotates).

[0075] When the position of the light source 66 needs to be adjusted, the operator drives the threaded screw 681 to rotate around its own axis by turning the handle 682. Since the threaded screw 681 is threadedly engaged with the second overhang plate 63, and the mounting block 65 is limited by the mounting port 631 (it can only slide along the length of the mounting port 631 and cannot rotate), the rotational motion of the threaded screw 681 is converted into the linear motion of the mounting block 65 through the threaded pair.

[0076] Preferably, by Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown in this embodiment, a second guide slider 651 is fixed to the outer wall of the mounting block 65, and a guide sliding hole 632 adapted to the mounting block 65 is provided on the outer wall of the second overhang plate 63. With the above solution, in use, the second guide slider 651 and the guide sliding hole 632 form a secondary guide structure, which, together with the mounting block 65 and the mounting port 631, forms a double guide limit, further constraining the sliding trajectory of the mounting block 65, ensuring that it moves strictly in a straight line along the length direction of the second overhang plate 63, and avoiding slight deviations caused by uneven force on the mounting block 65 or long-term use.

[0077] The second guide slider 651 and the guide hole 632 are in surface contact, which can distribute the force when the mounting block 65 slides, reduce the local pressure between the mounting block 65 and the inner wall of the mounting hole 631, and avoid jamming or sticking. At the same time, the inner wall of the guide hole 632 can support the second guide slider 651, prevent the mounting block 65 from wobbling up and down due to gravity or vibration during the sliding process, ensure the stability of the light source 66 during the movement process, and avoid the deviation of the light projection direction.

[0078] It should be noted that the electrical components of this utility model are all commercially available conventional equipment with built-in power switches. Those skilled in the art can make conventional selections according to their needs. Their working principles are common knowledge known to those skilled in the art and have been fully disclosed in the prior art, so they will not be elaborated on further in this article.

[0079] The circuit connection involved in this utility model is a common method used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through a limited number of experiments. It belongs to the widely used prior art.

[0080] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0081] The working principle and usage process of this utility model: When using the production device of this utility model, before starting the device, the parameters of each station are preset by the PLC: the single rotation angle of the servo motor 3 is set; the shooting range, focal length and defect identification threshold of the visual inspection component 5 are calibrated; the initial state of the light transmittance detection component 6 is adjusted: the height of the first cantilever plate 62 on the upright plate 61 is fixed by the locking component 67 (adapting to the height of the lampshade to be inspected), the angle positioning component 64 is used to adjust the angle between the second cantilever plate 63 and the first cantilever plate 62, and the mounting block 65 is moved by the adjustment component 68 to ensure that the light uniformly covers the lampshade;

[0082] When the operator or automated feeding mechanism places the lamp cover to be tested on the top surface of the support base 41 of a clamping fixture 4, the control component 43 drives two arc-shaped clamping blocks 42 to move towards each other to clamp and fix the lamp cover to be tested. The stepped groove 421 on the top surface of the arc-shaped clamping block 42 is adapted to the outer contour of the lamp cover. Its stepped surface can limit the radial and axial movement of the lamp cover at the same time, preventing the lamp cover from shifting or shaking during circulation, ensuring the stability of the lamp cover to be tested, and avoiding detection errors caused by positional shift.

[0083] Afterwards, the PLC sends a rotation command to the servo motor 3, and the servo motor 3 drives the multi-station load-bearing turntable 2 to rotate at a constant speed around its own axis. Since multiple sets of clamping fixtures 4 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the turntable, the single rotation angle of the turntable accurately corresponds to the distance between adjacent clamping fixtures 4, ensuring that the clamping fixtures 4 holding the lamp cover are sequentially transferred to the vision inspection station and the light transmittance inspection station, while the empty fixtures are transferred to the loading station, realizing multi-station parallel operation.

[0084] When the clamping fixture 4 moves to the corresponding position of the vision inspection component 5, the PLC sends an inspection command to the vision inspection component 5: The vision inspection component 5 (composed of a CCD camera 52, a ring light 53, and an image analysis module) acquires high-definition images of the outer surface of the lampshade (including the top surface, sides, and edge transitions) through the CCD camera 52, while the ring light 53 provides a uniform light source simultaneously (to avoid detection errors caused by shadows); the acquired image data is transmitted to the image analysis module and compared with the qualified lampshade appearance template preset by the PLC to identify whether there are appearance defects such as scratches, cracks, deformation, or missing materials: if the inspection is qualified, the PLC records the appearance qualification information of the lampshade and triggers the multi-station carrier turntable 2 to continue rotating; if the inspection is unqualified, the PLC marks the lampshade as "appearance unqualified" and stores the defect image data to provide a basis for subsequent sorting;

[0085] When the lamp cover that has passed the appearance inspection is transferred to the corresponding position of the light transmittance detection component 6 by the multi-station carrier turntable 2, the PLC controls the light source 66 to emit monochromatic light of a preset intensity (preferably 550nm visible light, which meets the light transmittance performance test standard of train headlights). The light penetrates the lamp cover vertically and is projected onto the photosensitive element 44 (such as a wireless photoelectric sensor) on the top surface of the support base 41.

[0086] The photosensitive element 44 converts the received light intensity signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the transmittance calculation module of the PLC. The module calculates the transmittance value of the lampshade according to the formula "transmittance = (received light intensity / incident light intensity) × 100%" and compares it with the qualified threshold preset by the PLC. If the transmittance is qualified, the PLC records the transmittance information of the lampshade; if it is unqualified, the PLC marks the lampshade as "transmittance unqualified".

[0087] When the lamp cover that has completed the light transmittance test is transferred to the unloading station by the turntable, the PLC executes the corresponding unloading action according to the appearance and light transmittance test results of the lamp cover: release the clamping fixture 4 to release the lamp cover, then remove the tested lamp cover, and collect the qualified and unqualified lamp covers separately.

[0088] After the material is unloaded, the PLC controls the servo motor 3 to continue driving the multi-station load-bearing turntable 2 to rotate, and the empty tooling is transferred back to the loading station to enter the next round of inspection cycle.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A production apparatus for train headlight covers, comprising a testing platform (1), characterized in that: It also includes a multi-station load-bearing turntable (2), a servo motor (3), a clamping fixture (4), a vision inspection component (5), and a light transmittance inspection component (6); The multi-station bearing turntable (2) is installed on the top of the testing platform (1) and can rotate around its own axis; The servo motor (3) is fixed to the bottom surface of the detection platform (1) and is used to drive the multi-station bearing turntable (2) to rotate; Multiple sets of clamping fixtures (4) are fixed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the top surface of the multi-station bearing turntable (2). Each fixture includes a support base (41) fixed on the top surface of the multi-station bearing turntable (2), two symmetrically distributed arc-shaped clamping blocks (42), a control component (43) for driving the two arc-shaped clamping blocks (42) to move towards or away from each other, and a photosensitive element (44) fixed in the middle of the top surface of the support base (41). The top surface of the arc-shaped clamping block (42) is provided with a stepped groove (421). The visual inspection component (5) is located on the top of the inspection platform (1) and corresponds to the rotation path of the multi-station bearing turntable (2), and is used for lamp cover appearance inspection; The light transmittance detection component (6) is located on the top of the detection platform (1) and corresponds to the rotation path of the multi-station bearing turntable (2). It is used for light transmittance detection of the lampshade. It includes a vertical plate (61) fixed to the top of the detection platform (1), a first cantilever plate (62) installed on the vertical plate (61), a second cantilever plate (63) installed at the end of the first cantilever plate (62) using an angle positioning component (64), a mounting block (65) slidably installed on the second cantilever plate (63), a light source (66) fixed on the mounting block (65), a locking component (67), and an adjustment component (68). The first cantilever plate (62) is connected to the vertical plate (61) using the locking component (67). The adjustment component (68) is used to adjust the position of the mounting block (65) along the length direction of the second cantilever plate (63).

2. The train headlight cover production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber liner (45) is bonded and fixed inside the stepped groove (421).

3. The train headlight cover production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control component (43) includes a first guide slider (431), a bidirectional threaded rod (432), and a knob (433); The first guide slider (431) is fixed to the bottom end of the arc-shaped clamp (42), and a guide groove (411) matching the first guide slider (431) is provided on the support base (41); The bidirectional threaded rod (432) is rotatably installed in the guide groove (411) and threadedly engaged with the first guide slider (431); The knob (433) is fixed to one end of the bidirectional threaded rod (432).

4. The train headlight cover production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual inspection component (5) includes an inverted L-shaped mounting bracket (51), a CCD camera (52), and a ring light (53); The inverted L-shaped mounting bracket (51) is fixed to the top of the detection platform (1); The CCD camera (52) is fixed to the top surface of the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped mounting bracket (51); The ring-shaped fill light (53) is fixed to the bottom surface of the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped mounting bracket (51) and is located directly below the CCD camera (52).

5. The train headlight cover production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle positioning assembly (64) includes a fixing block (641), a mounting ear with a hole (642), a fixing shaft (643), and a manual bolt (644); The fixing block (641) is fixed to the end face of the second cantilever plate (63), and a plurality of positioning grooves (6411) are provided on the end face of the fixing block (641) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction; The perforated mounting ear (642) is fixed to the end face of the first overhang plate (62); The fixed shaft (643) is fixed to the end face of the fixed block (641), and the fixed shaft (643) passes through the perforated mounting ear (642) to form a rotating structure; The manual bolt (644) is installed on the holed mounting lug (642) by thread engagement, and one end of the manual bolt (644) is embedded in the positioning groove (6411).

6. The train headlight cover production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly (67) includes a screw (671) and a wing nut (672); The screw (671) is fixed to the end of the first cantilever plate (62), and a waist-shaped hole (611) is provided on the vertical plate (61) for the screw (671) to pass through; The wing nut (672) is provided at the protruding end of the screw (671) by means of thread engagement.

7. A train headlight cover production apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking assembly (67) also includes a gasket (673); The gasket (673) is sleeved on the screw (671) and located between the vertical plate (61) and the wing nut (672).

8. A train headlight cover production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (68) includes a threaded screw (681) and a handle (682); An installation opening (631) is provided on the second cantilever plate (63), the installation block (65) is slidably installed in the installation opening (631), the threaded screw (681) is installed on the second cantilever plate (63) by thread engagement, and one end of the threaded screw (681) is rotatably connected to the installation block (65) by a bearing; The handle (682) is fixed to the end of the threaded rod (681) away from the mounting block (65).

9. A train headlight cover production apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer wall of the mounting block (65) is fixed with a second guide slider (651), and a guide sliding hole (632) adapted to the mounting block (65) is provided on the outer wall of the second overhang plate (63).

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