An adjustable-size reamer

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of machining tool technology, and discloses an adjustable-size reaming drill bit, including a drill body, an adjustment component, and a cutting component. The adjustment component is connected to the drill body and is used to adjust the reaming diameter. The adjustment component includes a mandrel, which is detachably connected to the drill body. By replacing the mandrel with different specifications, the movement range of the cutting component is adjusted, thereby determining the reaming diameter. The cutting component is movably engaged with the drill body, and the cutting component is linked with the adjustment component. The adjustment action of the adjustment component changes the cutting radius of the cutting component to achieve reaming of different hole diameters. It adapts to various hole diameter machining needs while ensuring structural stability and machining accuracy, reducing production costs, and improving machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of machining tool technology, and in particular relates to an adjustable-size reaming drill bit. Background Technology

[0002] Reamers are commonly used tools in machining to enlarge the diameter of existing pre-made holes, and are widely used in machine tool processing, mold manufacturing, and construction machinery industries. Most existing reamers have a fixed diameter structure, consisting of a tool holder and guide keys / nylon keys fixed to the drill body with screws. This fixed structure cannot be adjusted. That is, a single tool can only handle one type of hole enlargement requirement. When machining multiple different hole diameters, frequent changes of different reamers are necessary, increasing tool procurement costs, extending tool change time, and reducing machining efficiency. Furthermore, fixed-diameter reamers have poor adaptability to machining non-standard hole diameters, requiring customized tools, further increasing production cycle time and costs. In addition, some simple adjustable reamers suffer from low adjustment accuracy, poor structural stability, and vibration during cutting, affecting the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of the machined holes.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for an adjustable reamer that can adjust the reaming diameter in multiple ranges, adapt to various hole diameter processing requirements, and at the same time ensure structural stability and processing accuracy, reduce production costs, and improve processing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an adjustable-size reaming drill bit, enabling multi-range adjustment of the reaming diameter to meet various hole diameter processing needs, while ensuring structural stability and processing accuracy, reducing production costs, and improving processing efficiency; thus solving the problems of the prior art.

[0005] This utility model provides the following technical solution: An adjustable-size reaming drill bit, comprising a drill body, an adjustment assembly, and a cutting assembly; The adjustment component is connected to the drill body and is used to adjust the reaming diameter; The adjustment assembly includes a mandrel that is detachably connected to the drill body. By replacing the mandrel with different specifications, the movement range of the cutting assembly can be adjusted, thereby determining the reaming diameter. The cutting assembly is movably coupled to the drill body, and the cutting assembly is linked with the adjusting assembly. The cutting radius of the cutting assembly is changed by the adjusting action of the adjusting assembly to achieve hole enlargement processing of different hole diameters.

[0006] Preferably, the drill body is provided with a mounting part for adaptation to the machining equipment, and the drill body is equipped with a cooling structure; the mounting part structure of the drill body includes a Morse taper, a threaded structure, a straight shank structure, or a flange structure; the cooling structure includes an internal cooling channel, an external cooling channel, or a dual channel combining internal and external cooling, and the coolant outlet of the cooling structure faces the cutting area.

[0007] Preferably, the connection method between the mandrel and the drill body includes at least one of threaded connection, pin connection, or end face fit.

[0008] Preferably, when the mandrel and the drill body are connected by threads, the thread type includes triangular thread, trapezoidal thread or rectangular thread; and a positioning structure is provided between the mandrel and the drill body, the positioning structure including the fit between positioning hole and positioning pin, the fit between key and keyway or step surface fit.

[0009] Preferably, the cutting assembly includes a tool holder and a cutting blade, the cutting blade being fixed on the tool holder, and the tool holder being slidably fitted with the drill body; the tool holder is provided with an adjustment hole for connecting with the drill body, the adjustment hole including a U-shaped hole, an oblong hole or a waist-shaped hole, and the tool holder is moved relative to the drill body through the adjustment hole.

[0010] Preferably, a sliding guide structure is provided between the tool holder and the drill body. The sliding guide structure includes a sliding groove and a slide rail, a guide rail and a slider, or a guide post and a guide hole. The material of the cutting blade includes cemented carbide, high-speed steel, or ceramic, and the cutting edge of the cutting blade is coated with a coating, the coating type including TiN coating, TiAlN coating, or AlCrN coating.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a guide assembly, which is connected to the drill body to improve the stability of the reaming process; the guide assembly includes a guide key base and a guide key, the guide key base is fixed on the drill body, the guide key and the guide key base can be installed together, and the guide key base is provided with a mounting groove for adjusting the position of the guide key.

[0012] Preferably, the number of guide key bases is at least one, and they are evenly or non-uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill body; the structure of the guide key base includes square, circular or polygonal, and the mating surface of the guide key base is precision machined, and the machining method includes grinding, milling or polishing.

[0013] Preferably, the number of guide key bases is at least two, and they are evenly or non-uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill body; the structure of the guide key base includes square, circular or polygonal, and the mating surface of the guide key base is precision machined, and the machining method includes grinding, milling or polishing.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustable reamer is suitable for hole machining of metallic materials, non-metallic materials or composite materials, and the compatible machining equipment includes lathes, boring machines, deep hole drilling machines, milling machines or machining centers; and the reamer diameter adjustment range of the adjustable reamer is 1mm-30mm.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This utility model discloses an adjustable reaming drill bit. The reaming diameter can be precisely adjusted by changing the mandrel, adapting to machining various hole diameters. It eliminates the need for frequent tool changes, effectively reducing tool procurement costs and tool change time, and improving machining efficiency. The efficient coordination of all components effectively prevents displacement of the cutting insert or guide key during machining, ensuring the accuracy and surface finish of the machined inner hole. The drill body has efficient cooling measures, effectively removing chips and increasing tool life, thus improving machining quality. This reaming drill has a simple structure, is easy to install, and is suitable for various machining equipment such as lathes, boring machines, and deep hole drilling machines, demonstrating strong versatility. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for descriptive purposes only and does not specifically refer to any order or sequence, nor is it intended to limit the utility model. They are merely used to distinguish components or operations described using the same technical terms, and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions and features of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0023] Example: refer to Figure 1-3 As shown, an adjustable reaming drill bit includes a drill body 1, an adjustment assembly, and a cutting assembly. The adjustment assembly is connected to the drill body 1 and is used to adjust the reaming diameter. The adjustment assembly includes a mandrel 2, which is detachably connected to the drill body 1. By replacing the mandrel 2 with different specifications, the movement range of the cutting assembly is adjusted, thereby determining the reaming diameter. The cutting assembly is movable and engages with the drill body 1, and the cutting assembly is linked with the adjustment assembly. The cutting radius of the cutting assembly is changed by the adjustment action of the adjustment assembly to achieve reaming of different hole diameters.

[0024] The drill body 1 is provided with a mounting section for compatibility with machining equipment, and the drill body 1 is equipped with a cooling structure. The mounting section structure of the drill body 1 includes a Morse taper, a threaded structure, a straight shank structure, or a flange structure. The cooling structure includes an internal cooling channel, an external cooling channel, or a dual channel combining internal and external cooling, with the coolant outlet of the cooling structure facing the cutting area. The connection method between the mandrel 2 and the drill body 1 includes at least one of threaded connection, pin connection, or end face fit. When the mandrel 2 and the drill body 1 are connected by threads, the thread type includes triangular thread, trapezoidal thread, or rectangular thread; and a positioning structure is provided between the mandrel 2 and the drill body 1, the positioning structure including the fit between a positioning hole and a positioning pin, the fit between a key and a keyway, or a stepped surface fit.

[0025] The cutting assembly includes a tool holder 5 and a cutting insert 6. The cutting insert 6 is fixed to the tool holder 5, and the tool holder 5 is slidably fitted with the drill body 1. The tool holder 5 is provided with an adjustment hole for connecting with the drill body 1. The adjustment hole includes a U-shaped hole, an oblong hole, or a waist-shaped hole, which allows the tool holder 5 to move relative to the drill body 1. A sliding guide structure is provided between the tool holder 5 and the drill body 1. The sliding guide structure includes a sliding groove and a slide rail, a guide rail and a slider, or a guide post and a guide hole. The cutting insert 6 is made of cemented carbide, high-speed steel, or ceramic, and the cutting edge of the cutting insert 6 is coated. The coating type includes TiN coating, TiAlN coating, or AlCrN coating.

[0026] The system also includes a guide assembly connected to the drill body 1 to improve the stability of the reaming process. The guide assembly includes a guide key base 3 and a guide key 4. The guide key base 3 is fixed to the drill body 1, and the guide key 4 can be fitted with the guide key base 3. The guide key base 3 has a mounting groove for adjusting the position of the guide key 4. There are at least two guide key bases 3, evenly or non-uniformly distributed along the circumference of the drill body 1. The structure of the guide key base 3 includes square, circular, or polygonal shapes, and the mating surfaces of the guide key base 3 are precision machined, including grinding, milling, or polishing. Alternatively, there may be at least two guide key bases 3, evenly or non-uniformly distributed along the circumference of the drill body 1. The structure of the guide key base 3 includes square, circular, or polygonal shapes, and the mating surfaces of the guide key base 3 are precision machined, including grinding, milling, or polishing.

[0027] Adjustable reamers are suitable for hole machining in metallic, non-metallic, or composite materials. Compatible machining equipment includes lathes, boring machines, deep hole drilling machines, milling machines, or machining centers. The reaming diameter of the adjustable reamer can be adjusted from 1mm to 30mm.

[0028] As one possible implementation, the drill body 1 adopts a BTA drill bit structure, with one end being a Morse taper mounting end for adaptation to the machine tool spindle. The drill body 1 adopts an internal cooling structure design, with a cooling channel inside. The inlet of the cooling channel is connected to the machine tool's cooling system, and the outlet faces the cutting area to achieve efficient cooling.

[0029] Four square guide key bases 3 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the drill body 1. The included angle between two adjacent guide key bases 3 is 90 degrees. Guide key mounting grooves adapted to guide keys 4 are machined on the guide key bases 3. A U-shaped screw hole is set in the center of the guide key base 3. The sidewalls of the guide key base 3 are ground to achieve a surface finish of Ra0.8μm and a parallelism error of no more than 0.01mm. The cutting insert 6 of the cutting assembly is made of cemented carbide with a TiN coating on the cutting edge. It is fixed to the end of the tool holder 5 away from the rotation center by two internal hex screws. The U-shaped hole of the tool holder 5 is engaged with the drill body 1 by high-strength internal hex screws. The bottom of the tool holder 5 is designed with a T-shaped sliding groove, which engages with the slide rail on the drill body 1 to achieve stable inward and outward movement of the tool holder 5.

[0030] The guide key base 3 of the locking mechanism is connected to the drill body 1 by four high-strength bolts, and the tool holder 5 is connected to the drill body 1 by two high-strength bolts. The bolts have a strength grade of 8.8 to ensure the reliability of the connection. The mandrel 2 is made of 40Cr material and has been heat-treated to a hardness of HRC28-32. The mandrel 2 and the drill body 1 are connected by an M20×1.5 triangular thread. The mandrel 2 has two positioning holes that cooperate with the positioning pins on the drill body 1 to achieve precise positioning. The diameter of the mandrel 2 can be selected according to the hole enlargement requirements, such as φ20mm, φ25mm, and φ30mm, to achieve different ranges of hole enlargement diameter adjustment.

[0031] In this embodiment, the adjustable reamer is used by selecting the corresponding mandrel 2 according to the required diameter of the hole to be reamed. The mandrel 2 is connected to the drill body 1 via a triangular thread and positioned using a locating pin. Then, the locking bolt on the tool holder 5 is loosened, and the position of the tool holder 5 is adjusted according to the diameter of the mandrel 2 so that the cutting diameter of the cutting blade 6 reaches the required size. Finally, the bolt on the tool holder 5 is tightened, the guide key 4 is installed, and the mounting end of the drill body 1 is connected to the machine tool spindle or deep hole drill rod. The machine tool can then be started for reaming. During the machining process, the cooling system delivers coolant to the cutting area through the cooling channel of the drill body 1 to achieve cooling and chip removal.

[0032] As one possible implementation method, the adjustable hole reamer adjusts different hole diameters as follows: Step 1, Preparation before adjustment: Based on the pre-drilled hole size, target reaming diameter, and machining accuracy requirements (such as IT7 grade, surface roughness Ra1.6μm), determine the specific value of the required reaming diameter, and select a mandrel 2 with the appropriate diameter accordingly; prepare mandrels 2 of different specifications that are compatible with the adjustable reamer, an Allen wrench for loosening and tightening screws, locating pins (additional assistance is required if the mandrel is used for positioning), and a cleaning cloth for cleaning impurities on the surface of the parts. At the same time, ensure that the adjustable reamer to be adjusted has been removed from the processing equipment and placed on a stable worktable; use a cleaning cloth to wipe the connecting surfaces and mating parts of the drill body 1, mandrel 2, tool holder 5, and guide key base 3 to remove chips, oil, or dust from the surface to avoid impurities affecting the adjustment accuracy and the stability of the parts; check whether there are any deformations or wear on each part, such as the smoothness of the guide key mounting groove and the flatness of the tool holder sliding groove. If there is any damage, it needs to be replaced or repaired first.

[0033] Step 2: Replacement of mandrel 2. Remove the original mandrel: Use an Allen wrench to loosen the locking screw on drill body 1 that secures the original mandrel 2. If the mandrel is connected via a triangular thread, rotate the mandrel clockwise to remove it. Remove the original mandrel 2, and at the same time, remove the locating pin that mates with the drill body. If present, place it in a designated container to prevent loss. Install the target specification mandrel: Select a new mandrel 2 that matches the target reaming diameter. Align the threaded end of the mandrel with the threaded hole in drill body 1, and rotate the mandrel counterclockwise until the threads are initially engaged. Adjust the mandrel position so that the locating hole on the mandrel aligns with the locating hole on the drill body. Insert the locating pin for precise positioning. Use an Allen wrench to tighten the locking screw on the mandrel clockwise, ensuring that the mandrel 2 and drill body 1 are tightly fitted through the triangular thread and end face, with no looseness. Control the tightening force by hand or with a torque wrench to avoid over-tightening and deformation of the components.

[0034] The third step is to adjust the position of the tool holder and loosen the tool holder locking mechanism: Use an Allen wrench to loosen the high-strength screws that fix the tool holder 5 on the drill body 1 one by one (usually 2 screws per tool holder). Be careful to keep the screws connected to the tool holder to prevent them from falling off. At this point, the tool holder 5 can move freely relative to the drill body 1 along the sliding groove at the bottom. Using the outer circle of the installed mandrel 2 as a reference, slowly push the tool holder 5 towards or away from the mandrel. Simultaneously, use calipers or a micrometer to measure the distance from the cutting edge of the blade 6 on the tool holder 5 to the center of rotation of the drill body, i.e., the half-reaming diameter, until this distance equals half the target reaming diameter. If there are multiple... The tool holders must be calibrated one by one to ensure that the distance from the cutting edge of all the cutting blades to the center of rotation is consistent, with a deviation not exceeding 0.01mm. Adjustments should be made according to the machining accuracy requirements. Using the outer circle of the installed mandrel 2 as a reference, slowly push the tool holder 5 towards or away from the mandrel. At the same time, use calipers or micrometers to measure the distance from the cutting edge of the cutting blade 6 on the tool holder 5 to the center of rotation of the drill body, which is the half-reaming diameter, until this distance is equal to half of the target reaming diameter. If there are multiple tool holders, they must be calibrated one by one to ensure that the distance from the cutting edge of all the cutting blades to the center of rotation is consistent, with a deviation not exceeding 0.01mm. Adjustments should be made according to the machining accuracy requirements.

[0035] Step 4: Install the guide key. Select a guide key 4 that matches the mounting slot of the guide key base 3. Gently place the guide key into the mounting slot of the guide key base 3, ensuring that the guide key can slide smoothly along the mounting slot. If there is any jamming, check the mounting slot for impurities or deformation, clean or repair it before installation. Adjust the position of the guide key in the mounting slot according to the processing requirements, such as the guiding stability of deep hole machining. Usually, the radial distance between the outer circle of the guide key and the cutting edge of the cutting tool 6 should be consistent. Use an Allen wrench to tighten the screws that fix the guide key 4 on the guide key base 3 to ensure that the guide key is securely fixed. After installation, rotate the drill body 1 and observe whether there is any interference between the guide key 4 and the tool holder 5 and the mandrel 2. At the same time, check the coaxiality of the outer circle of the guide key, which can be measured with a dial indicator, to ensure that the guide key can play a stable supporting role during machining.

[0036] The fifth step is to install the adjusted adjustable reamer onto the corresponding processing equipment, such as a lathe or deep hole drilling machine, ensuring that the mounting end of the drill body 1 is in close contact with the equipment spindle or deep hole drill rod, without radial runout.

[0037] When using this drill bit for multi-specification hole-to-hole machining, only the insert diameter needs to be adjusted according to the steps described above; there is no need to replace the entire tool. After completing the previous hole diameter "to-hole," there is no need to remove the reamer from the machine tool spindle / drill rod. Simply turn off the machine tool power source, stop the cutting action, and turn on the cooling system (which can be temporarily turned off if chip cleaning is required). Loosen the tool holder locking screw with a wrench, and according to the target diameter of the next "to-hole," replace the appropriate mandrel or directly push the tool holder to align with the mandrel for calibration. Quickly confirm the insert cutting radius using calipers, and tighten the tool holder screws. The entire process does not require disassembling the connection between the drill body and the equipment. After confirming the adjustment, directly start the machine tool power source and cooling system to perform the next hole diameter "to-hole" machining without recalibrating the drill body coaxiality or equipment parameters. The entire process eliminates the core tedious steps of "removing the tool - aligning - installing the tool - calibrating" in traditional drill bit changes, significantly shortening the operation time. It also eliminates the need for frequent handling and storage of different specifications of drill bits, reducing operational complexity and the risk of component wear.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A reamer head of adjustable size, characterized in that, Includes drill body (1), adjustment assembly and cutting assembly; The adjustment component is connected to the drill body (1) and is used to adjust the diameter of the enlarged hole; The adjustment assembly includes a mandrel (2), which is detachably connected to the drill body (1). By replacing the mandrel (2) with different specifications, the movement range of the cutting assembly is adjusted, thereby determining the enlargement diameter. The cutting component is movablely engaged with the drill body (1), and the cutting component is linked with the adjustment component. The cutting radius of the cutting component is changed by the adjustment action of the adjustment component to achieve hole enlargement processing of different hole diameters.

2. A pilot drill of adjustable size according to claim 1, characterized in that The drill body (1) is provided with a mounting part for adapting to the processing equipment, and the drill body (1) is equipped with a cooling structure; the mounting part structure of the drill body (1) includes Morse taper, thread structure, straight shank structure or flange structure; the cooling structure includes internal cooling channel, external cooling channel or dual channel combining internal and external cooling, and the coolant outlet of the cooling structure faces the cutting area.

3. The adjustable-size reaming drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection method between the mandrel (2) and the drill body (1) includes at least one of threaded connection, pin connection or end face fit.

4. The adjustable-size reaming drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the mandrel (2) and the drill body (1) are connected by threads, the thread type includes triangular thread, trapezoidal thread or rectangular thread; and a positioning structure is provided between the mandrel (2) and the drill body (1), the positioning structure includes the fit of positioning hole and positioning pin, the fit of key and keyway or step surface fit.

5. The adjustable-size reaming drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting assembly includes a tool holder (5) and a cutting blade (6). The cutting blade (6) is fixed on the tool holder (5). The tool holder (5) is slidably engaged with the drill body (1). The tool holder (5) is provided with an adjustment hole for connecting with the drill body (1). The adjustment hole includes a U-shaped hole, an oblong hole, or a waist-shaped hole. The tool holder (5) can move relative to the drill body (1) through the adjustment hole.

6. The adjustable-size reaming drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that, A sliding guide structure is provided between the tool holder (5) and the drill body (1). The sliding guide structure includes the cooperation of the sliding groove and the slide rail, the cooperation of the guide rail and the slider, or the cooperation of the guide post and the guide hole. The material of the blade (6) includes cemented carbide, high-speed steel or ceramic, and the cutting edge of the blade (6) is coated. The coating type includes TiN coating, TiAlN coating or AlCrN coating.

7. The adjustable-size reaming drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a guide assembly, which is connected to the drill body (1) to improve the stability of the reaming process; the guide assembly includes a guide key base (3) and a guide key (4), the guide key base (3) is fixed on the drill body (1), the guide key (4) and the guide key base (3) can be installed together, and the guide key base (3) is provided with an installation groove for adjusting the position of the guide key (4).

8. The adjustable-size reaming drill bit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of guide key bases (3) is at least 2, and they are evenly or non-uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill body (1); the structure of the guide key bases (3) includes square, circular or polygonal, and the mating surfaces of the guide key bases (3) are precision machined, and the machining methods include grinding, milling or polishing.

9. A reamer bit with adjustable size according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, This reaming drill bit is suitable for hole machining of metallic, non-metallic, or composite materials, and is compatible with machining equipment including lathes, boring machines, deep hole drilling machines, milling machines, or machining centers; and the reaming diameter adjustment range of the reaming drill bit is 1mm-30mm.

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