An automatic rotary positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of friction stir welding technology and discloses an automatic rotary positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures, including a motor, a reducer, a fixture body, and a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system is connected to the fixture body. The key feature is that the motor is connected to a transmission gear via the reducer, the transmission gear meshes with an internal precision bearing, and the internal precision bearing is connected to the fixture body. It has the advantages of high load-bearing capacity, high stability, and low manufacturing and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of friction stir welding technology, and specifically to an automatic rotation and positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures. Background Technology

[0002] Friction stir welding (FSW), an advanced solid-state joining technology, utilizes a high-speed rotating stirring head to contact the workpiece and generate heat through friction, bringing the localized material to a plastic state and thus achieving material bonding. This technology offers advantages such as minimal weld deformation, high joint strength, and no smoke or dust pollution, and is widely used in aerospace, rail transportation, and new energy vehicles. During the friction stir welding process, workpiece positioning and clamping are critical steps, directly affecting weld quality and consistency. Traditional fixtures often employ manual or semi-automatic clamping methods, which are not only inefficient but also difficult to adapt to the demands of continuous welding across multiple planes and angles. Especially when dealing with complex workpiece structures, clamping errors can easily lead to welding defects.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN216939751U discloses a circular indexing plate for CNC machine tools, including a base and a connecting block. The indexing plate is rotatably mounted on the top of the base, and the top of the indexing plate has several slots. Several locking blocks are fixedly connected to the side of the connecting block. A slider is slidably mounted on the surface of the locking block, and a slot is formed on the inner wall of the locking block. An insert is engaged with the inner wall of the slot. A rotating plate is fixedly connected to one end of the insert, and a spring is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating plate. Several sliding grooves are formed on the top of the connecting block.

[0004] The existing technology has the following shortcomings: Currently, the friction welding process requires the processing of multiple planes of the product. According to the conventional production process, the processing is done in sequence, which is inefficient, increases labor intensity, and requires multiple sets of tooling and equipment to complete. Sequential processing will cause positioning defects caused by secondary clamping errors, which will bring great hidden dangers to product quality. Other designs on the market mostly use NC rotary indexing plates to process multiple planes. NC indexing plates are expensive and cannot withstand the high pressure of friction welding. After long-term operation, the accuracy of the NC indexing plate will deteriorate and it will be scrapped. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problems of insufficient load-bearing capacity and poor multi-plane machining accuracy of fixtures, this utility model provides an automatic rotation and positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures, including a motor, a reducer, a fixture body, and a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system is connected to and controls the fixture body. The key feature is that the motor is connected to a transmission gear through the reducer, the transmission gear meshes with an internal precision bearing, and the internal precision bearing is connected to the fixture body.

[0006] Preferably, the internal gear precision bearing includes a ring gear and a turntable bearing. The ring gear is connected to the clamping body, and the clamping body is connected to the turntable bearing. The reducer drives the transmission gear to rotate, the transmission gear drives the ring gear to rotate, and the ring gear drives the clamping body to rotate on the turntable bearing.

[0007] To facilitate the control of the clamping body, the hydraulic system is rotatably connected to the oil circuit base plate via an oil circuit rotary joint, and the oil circuit base plate is connected to the clamping body.

[0008] Preferably, the rotary joint has a built-in hydraulic circuit that connects to the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic circuit transmits hydraulic power to the clamping cylinder to control the clamping of the specific device.

[0009] To facilitate rotation and oil circuit connection, the oil circuit rotary joint is inserted into the center of the oil circuit base plate.

[0010] Preferably, the oil circuit base plate is provided with an annular groove, and the oil circuit rotary joint is inserted into the annular groove. During the rotation process, the oil circuit of the joint is always in a connected state.

[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic system has a built-in hydraulic circuit one, the circuit base plate has a built-in hydraulic circuit two, the hydraulic circuit one is connected through the connector circuit, and the hydraulic circuit two is connected to the clamping cylinder.

[0012] For ease of installation, the motor and reducer are arranged in an L-shape, with the hydraulic system located directly above the reducer.

[0013] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. High load-bearing capacity and high stability: This utility model uses internal gear precision bearings (including ring gears and turntable bearings) as the core rotating load-bearing components. The turntable bearings have a large load-bearing capacity and high rigidity, and can effectively withstand the axial pressure, radial force and impact load generated during friction stir welding. This solves the problem that traditional NC indexing plates are not resistant to high pressure and their accuracy decreases after long-term use. It significantly improves the service life and working stability of the mechanism and meets the high reliability requirements of mass production.

[0014] 2. High processing efficiency and controllable cost: This utility model can drive the clamping device via a servo motor to rotate the product to different welding stations, completing multi-plane continuous welding processing without disassembling the workpiece. This completely eliminates the cumbersome process of traditional sequential processing, significantly shortening the production cycle and reducing the labor intensity of operators and the cost of tooling equipment. Furthermore, compared to expensive NC rotary indexing tables, this mechanism has a simpler structure, lower manufacturing and maintenance costs, and balances processing efficiency and economy, making it more suitable for large-scale industrial production. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the automatic rotary positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: An NC indexing table is a machine tool accessory primarily used for precise rotation and positioning of workpieces during machining. It can perform indexing machining of workpieces according to preset angles and is suitable for equipment such as milling machines and drilling machines.

[0017] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: servo motor 1, reducer 2, transmission gear 3, internal precision bearing 4, ring gear 401, turntable bearing 402, clamp body 5, hydraulic system 6, hydraulic oil circuit one 601, oil circuit rotary joint 7, joint oil circuit 701, oil circuit base plate 8, hydraulic oil circuit two 801, clamping cylinder 9, annular groove 10, product 11, intermediate centering mechanism 12.

[0018] Example 1 like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, an automatic rotation positioning mechanism for a friction stir welding fixture includes a servo motor 1, a reducer 2, a fixture body 5, and a hydraulic system 6. The hydraulic system 6 is connected to the fixture body 5 and is used to control the fixture on it to perform clamping actions. The servo motor 1 and the reducer 2 are connected through a power output shaft. The servo motor 1 is connected to a transmission gear 3 through the reducer 2. The transmission gear 3 meshes with an internal gear precision bearing 4. The internal gear precision bearing 4 is connected to the fixture body 5 and drives it to rotate.

[0019] The internal gear precision bearing 4 includes a ring gear 401 and a turntable bearing 402. The ring gear 401 is connected to the clamping body 5, and the clamping body 5 is connected to the turntable bearing 402. The reducer 2 drives the transmission gear 3 to rotate, and the transmission gear 3 drives the ring gear 401 (the number of teeth is not shown in the figure) to rotate. The ring gear 401 drives the clamping body 5 to rotate on the turntable bearing 402. The clamping body 5 rotates the product 11 to a multi-plane welding processing position without disassembling the product 11, realizing the conversion of multiple work positions.

[0020] The hydraulic system 6 is rotatably connected to the oil circuit base plate 8 via the oil circuit rotary joint 7. The oil circuit base plate 8 is connected to the clamp body 5. The oil circuit rotary joint 7 provides hydraulic power to the clamp body 5 to ensure that the cylinder can move and clamp the product directly onto the clamp body 5.

[0021] The rotary joint 7 has a built-in oil circuit that connects to the hydraulic system 6. The oil circuit transmits hydraulic power to the clamping cylinder 9 to control the clamping of the fixture 5.

[0022] The oil circuit rotary joint 7 is inserted into the center of the oil circuit base plate 8.

[0023] The oil circuit base plate 8 is provided with an annular groove 10, and the oil circuit rotary joint 7 is inserted into the annular groove 10. During the rotation process, the oil circuit of the joint is always in a connected state.

[0024] The hydraulic system 6 has a built-in hydraulic oil circuit one, and the oil circuit base plate 8 has a built-in hydraulic oil circuit two. The hydraulic oil circuit one is connected through the joint oil circuit, and the hydraulic oil circuit two is connected to the clamping oil cylinder 9.

[0025] The servo motor 1 and the reducer 2 are arranged in an L-shape, and the hydraulic system 6 is located directly above the reducer.

[0026] The clamping body 5 is provided with an intermediate centering mechanism 12, which is a pneumatic three-jaw chuck. The air source is also transmitted to the three-jaw chuck through the oil circuit rotary joint. The chuck expands and centers the inner hole of the product to achieve the purpose of centering (this is the prior art and will not be described in detail here).

[0027] Power is output from the servo motor 1. The servo motor 1 and the reducer 2 transmit power through a power output shaft. The reducer 2 drives the transmission gear 3, which meshes with the ring gear 401 to output power. The ring gear 401 is bolted to the clamping body 5. When the servo motor 1 receives a signal, it starts to rotate, transmitting power to the reducer 2, which in turn drives the transmission gear 3. The transmission gear 3 drives the ring gear 401, which in turn drives the clamping body 5 to rotate. The product 11 is mounted on the clamping body 5 and rotates together with the ring gear 401 and the clamping body 5.

[0028] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are knowledgeable of all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Therefore, those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic rotary positioning mechanism for a friction stir welding fixture, comprising a motor, a reducer, a fixture body, and a hydraulic system, wherein the hydraulic system is connected to control the fixture body, characterized in that, The motor is connected to a transmission gear via a reducer, the transmission gear meshes with an internal precision bearing, and the internal precision bearing is connected to a clamping device.

2. The automatic rotary positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal precision bearing includes a ring gear and a turntable bearing. The ring gear is connected to the clamping body, and the clamping body is connected to the turntable bearing. The reducer drives the transmission gear to rotate, the transmission gear drives the ring gear to rotate, and the ring gear drives the clamping body to rotate on the turntable bearing.

3. The automatic rotary positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic system is rotatably connected to the oil circuit base plate via an oil circuit rotary joint, and the oil circuit base plate is connected to the clamping body.

4. The automatic rotary positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotary joint has a built-in hydraulic circuit that connects to the hydraulic system. The hydraulic circuit transmits hydraulic power to the clamping cylinder to control the clamping of the specific clamping device.

5. The automatic rotary positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil circuit rotary joint is inserted into the center of the oil circuit base plate.

6. The automatic rotary positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oil circuit base plate is provided with an annular groove, and the oil circuit rotary joint is inserted into the annular groove. During the rotation process, the oil circuit of the joint is always in a connected state.

7. The automatic rotary positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hydraulic system has a built-in hydraulic circuit one, and the hydraulic circuit base plate has a built-in hydraulic circuit two. The hydraulic circuit one is connected to the joint through the hydraulic circuit, and the hydraulic circuit two is connected to the clamping cylinder.

8. The automatic rotary positioning mechanism for friction stir welding fixtures according to claim 7, characterized in that: The motor and reducer are arranged in an L-shape, and the hydraulic system is located directly above the reducer.

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