A machining tool for hydraulic support piston.

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of hydraulic support technology, and more particularly to a machining fixture for hydraulic support pistons, including a first clamping frame, a second clamping frame, a chassis, a main chuck, and a secondary chuck. The main chuck is slidably disposed at one end of the chassis in the left-right direction, and the secondary chuck is slidably disposed at the other end of the chassis in the front-back direction. The main chuck and secondary chuck are used to clamp the piston at both ends. Its advantages are that the spacing can be flexibly adjusted by the front-back sliding of the first clamping frame, the second clamping frame, and the secondary chuck, and the left-right sliding of the main chuck, to meet the clamping requirements of pistons of different lengths without the need to change special tooling. The machining of the piston's periphery and ends can be completed in a single clamping, avoiding the cumulative errors caused by multiple clampings and further ensuring positioning accuracy. The clamping and releasing process of the piston is easy to adjust, reducing manual intervention, and significantly shortening auxiliary time and improving production efficiency when used with a gantry machining center.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydraulic support technology, and in particular to a machining tool for hydraulic support piston. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic supports are the core support equipment for fully mechanized coal mining faces. The piston column, as a key load-bearing component enabling the lifting function of the hydraulic support, directly determines the reliability and service life of the support. These parts generally adopt a long shaft structure design. To meet assembly and functional requirements, various structural features such as axial holes, radial holes, and threaded holes must be precisely machined in the shaft body and end areas. Because the piston column must withstand alternating loads and impact forces during operation, its machining accuracy requirements are stringent, especially regarding the core form and position tolerances of shaft-type parts, which have extremely high control standards.

[0003] In existing technologies, the machining of hydraulic support pistons often employs a traditional multi-equipment, multi-process approach. This involves a combination of "rough and finish machining of the outer diameter on a lathe, machining of the basic hole system on a drilling machine, and finishing of the hole walls and ensuring hole position accuracy on a boring machine" to complete all machining tasks. This machining approach has significant drawbacks: Firstly, multiple clamping operations lead to frequent switching of positioning references, resulting in a substantial increase in accumulated machining errors and making it difficult to meet key accuracy indicators. For example, the spatial position of axial and radial holes, and the coaxiality of the center holes at both ends with the outer diameter (the industry typically requires ≤0.08mm) are all prone to exceeding tolerance ranges. Secondly, the equipment transfer between processes requires a significant amount of auxiliary time, which not only prolongs the overall production cycle but also reduces equipment utilization and production efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a machining fixture for hydraulic support pistons that can achieve one-time clamping and positioning of the piston to complete multiple processing steps. Utility Model Content

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a machining tool for hydraulic support piston, which solves the technical problem that the prior art requires multiple clamping operations to process the piston.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include: This utility model embodiment provides a machining fixture for a hydraulic support piston, including a first clamping frame, a second clamping frame, a chassis, a main chuck, and a secondary chuck; the first and second clamping frames are slidably disposed on the chassis in the front-back direction for clamping the piston in the middle; the main chuck is slidably disposed on one end of the chassis in the left-right direction, and the secondary chuck is slidably disposed on the other end of the chassis in the front-back direction; the main chuck and the secondary chuck are used to clamp the piston at both ends.

[0007] Optionally, a first track is provided on the chassis along the front-rear direction, and the first clamping frame, the second clamping frame, and the auxiliary chuck are all provided on the first track.

[0008] Optionally, the chassis is provided with a limiting element located on one side of the main chuck and adapted to be located in the same vertical plane as the piston; the main chuck is restricted from moving by the limiting element to form a machining space for the end of the piston in the gantry machining center.

[0009] Optionally, the limiting component includes a fixed base, a knob, and a limiting rod; the fixed base is fixed to the chassis and has a threaded hole; the knob is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting rod, and the limiting rod is threadedly connected to the threaded hole; by driving the knob to rotate, the limiting rod can move between a limited position and a movable position in the back-and-forth direction; when the limiting rod is in the limited position, the limiting rod abuts against the main chuck, which is suitable for the gantry machining center to process the end of the piston near the main chuck; when the limiting rod is in the movable position, the limiting rod disengages from the main chuck, and the main chuck can hold one end of the piston.

[0010] Optionally, the main chuck includes a drive cylinder, multiple first sliders, a main body, a drive motor, a gripper assembly, and a rotating disk; a second track extending in the left-right direction is provided on the chassis; the drive cylinder, which extends and retracts in the left-right direction, is fixed to the end of the chassis; the second track is arranged opposite to the drive cylinder; the multiple first sliders are slidably connected to the second track; the main body is fixed to the top of the first sliders; the piston rod of the drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the main body; the drive motor is embedded in the main body; the rotating disk is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor; and the gripper assembly is movably connected to the rotating disk; the drive cylinder drives the first sliders to slide in the left-right direction so that the rotating disk corresponds to the end of the piston rod.

[0011] Optionally, the gripper assembly includes a first chuck body, two first bevel gears, a first chuck disc, and two movable grippers. The first chuck body has two first slots radially formed, and the two movable grippers are movably disposed within the first slots to grip and release the piston rod. The first chuck disc is rotatably disposed inside the first chuck body, and the two first bevel gears are rotatably disposed around the circumference of the disc. The two sides of the first chuck disc are respectively provided with first spiral stripes and first meshing teeth distributed radially thereon. The first bevel gears mesh with the first meshing teeth, and the back side of the movable grippers is provided with second meshing teeth that can mesh with the first spiral stripes. By driving the first bevel gears to rotate, the first chuck disc is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the movable grippers to move synchronously along the radial direction of the first chuck disc.

[0012] Optionally, the first clamping frame includes a first hydraulic center frame, a second slider, and a first threaded sleeve; the chassis includes a base plate, a lead screw, and a driver; the lead screw is arranged parallel to the first track on the chassis, one end is connected to the driver, and the other end is rotatably connected to the base plate, the lead screw is threaded with the first threaded sleeve, the top end of the first threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first hydraulic center frame, the top end of the second slider is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first hydraulic center frame, and the second slider is slidably arranged on the first track.

[0013] Optionally, the second clamping frame includes a second hydraulic center frame and a plurality of third sliders; the third sliders are slidably connected to the first track, and the top end of the third sliders is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second hydraulic center frame.

[0014] Optionally, the secondary chuck includes a secondary seat, a sliding assembly, a second chuck body, a second chuck wheel, a second bevel gear, and three positioning jaws. The second chuck body has three radially formed second slots, and the positioning jaws are movably disposed within the second slots to grip and release the piston rod. The second chuck wheel is rotatably disposed inside the second chuck body. The three second bevel gears are rotatably connected to the periphery of the second chuck body. The two sides of the second chuck wheel are respectively provided with second spiral stripes and third meshing teeth distributed radially thereon. The second bevel gears mesh with the third meshing teeth. The back side of the positioning jaws is provided with fourth meshing teeth, and the second spiral stripes can mesh with the fourth meshing teeth. The secondary seat is fixed to the top of the sliding assembly, and the sliding assembly is slidably connected to the first track. The second chuck body is rotatably connected to the side of the secondary seat body near the main chuck. By driving the second bevel gear to rotate, the second chuck wheel is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the positioning jaws to move synchronously along the radial direction of the second chuck body.

[0015] Optionally, the sliding assembly includes a second threaded sleeve and a fourth slider; the second threaded sleeve is threaded onto the lead screw, the top end of the second threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sub-seat, the top end of the fourth slider is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sub-seat, and the fourth slider is disposed on the first track.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a machining fixture for hydraulic support pistons, including a first clamping frame, a second clamping frame, a chassis, a main chuck, and a secondary chuck. The first and second clamping frames are slidably mounted on the chassis in the front-to-back direction to clamp the piston in the middle. The main chuck is slidably mounted on one end of the chassis in the left-to-right direction, and the secondary chuck is slidably mounted on the other end of the chassis in the front-to-back direction. The main and secondary chucks are used to clamp the piston at both ends. Compared to existing technologies, the spacing can be flexibly adjusted by the front-to-back sliding of the first and second clamping frames and the secondary chuck, and the left-to-right sliding of the main chuck, to meet the clamping requirements of pistons of different lengths without the need to change to special fixtures. The machining of the piston's periphery and ends can be completed in a single clamping operation, avoiding cumulative errors from multiple clamping operations and further ensuring positioning accuracy. The clamping and releasing process of the piston is easy to adjust, reducing manual intervention. Combined with a gantry machining center, it significantly shortens auxiliary time and improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of Embodiment 1 of the machining tooling for hydraulic support piston of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the machining tooling used for the hydraulic support piston is shown. Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first spiral stripe on the first chuck disc in the machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first meshing tooth of the first chuck disc in the machining tooling for the hydraulic support piston is shown; Figure 5 for Figure 1 A partial side view of the gripper assembly in the machining tooling for the hydraulic support piston is shown, wherein the first chuck body is transparent to clearly show the internal structure of the gripper assembly; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Left view of the machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston shown; Figure 7 for Figure 1 A top view of the machining fixture used for the hydraulic support piston is shown. Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial top view of the machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston, wherein the first clamping frame, the second clamping frame, and the sub-chuck are transparent to clearly show the structure on the first slide rail; Figure 9 for Figure 1The right view of the main chuck in the machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston is shown. Figure 10 for Figure 1 Left view of the sub-chuck in the machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston; Figure 11 for Figure 1 A front view of the limiting element in the machining tooling for the hydraulic support piston; Figure 12 This is a partial top view of Embodiment 2 of the machining tooling for hydraulic support piston of this utility model. In order to clearly show the structure at the bottom of the main chuck, the main chuck part is transparent.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1: First clamping frame; 11: First hydraulic center frame; 12: Second slider; 13: First threaded sleeve; 2: Second clamping frame; 21: Second hydraulic center frame; 22: Third slider; 3: Chassis; 31: First rail; 32: Base plate; 33: Second rail; 34: Lead screw; 35: Driver; 4: Main chuck; 41: Drive cylinder; 42: First slider; 43: Main seat; 44: Drive motor; 45: Gripper assembly; 451: First chuck body; 452: First bevel gear; 453: First chuck disc; 4531: First spiral stripe; 4532: First meshing tooth; 454: Movable gripper; 4541: Second meshing tooth; 455: First slot; 46: Limiting assembly; 461: Buffer abutment block; 462: First limiting stop; 463: Second limiting stop; 47: Connecting piece; 48: Rotating disc; 5: Secondary chuck; 51: Secondary seat; 52: Sliding assembly; 521: Secondary threaded sleeve; 522: Fourth slider; 53: Positioning jaw; 6: Limiting component; 61: Fixing base; 62: Knob; 63: Limiting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, a detailed description of its specific embodiments is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this document, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," and "right" are used interchangeably. Figure 1 The orientation is taken as a reference, where "up" refers to the direction away from chassis 3, "down" refers to the direction closer to chassis 3, "front" refers to the direction closer to auxiliary chuck 5, "rear" refers to the direction closer to main chuck 4, and "left" and "right" refer to the directions perpendicular to the plane containing the front-back and up-down directions.

[0020] Example 1: Reference Figures 1 to 11 This embodiment proposes a machining fixture for hydraulic support pistons, which is used in conjunction with a gantry machining center to perform machining on the pistons. Specifically, the machining fixture for hydraulic support pistons in this embodiment includes a first clamping frame 1, a second clamping frame 2, a chassis 3, a main chuck 4, and a secondary chuck 5, as detailed below.

[0021] In this embodiment, the first clamping frame 1 and the second clamping frame 2 are used to clamp the movable column and are both slidably connected to the middle area of ​​the chassis 3. The sliding direction of the two is consistent with the front and rear extension direction of the chassis 3. The spacing can be flexibly adjusted according to the length specification of the movable column. After corresponding to the support area in the middle of the movable column, the movable column is clamped from the periphery of the movable column to fix the movable column.

[0022] The main chuck 4 and the auxiliary chuck 5 are respectively arranged at both ends of the chassis 3 to position and clamp the end of the piston rod. The main chuck 4 is connected to one end of the chassis 3 and slides on the chassis 3 in the left-right direction; the auxiliary chuck 5 is installed at the other end of the chassis 3 and can slide in the same front-back direction as the chassis 3, the first clamping frame 1, and the second clamping frame 2. The front-back sliding is adapted to the length of the piston rod to clamp the end of the piston rod.

[0023] During actual clamping, the first clamping frame 1 and the second clamping frame 2 slide back and forth to clamp and position the middle of the piston. Then, the auxiliary chuck 5 slides back and forth and the main chuck 4 slides left and right to clamp the main chuck 4 and the auxiliary chuck 5 to the two ends of the piston, thereby fixing the piston. Moreover, when machining the piston, depending on the requirements of the machining position, the gantry machining center can machine the periphery and end of the piston while the machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston is clamping the piston. The periphery of the piston is exposed, and the main chuck 4, the first clamping frame 1, the second clamping frame 2, and the auxiliary chuck 5 can all maintain clamping on the piston while it is rotating. This facilitates machining of the periphery of the rotating piston by the gantry machining center. When the gantry machining center processes the end of the piston column, the main chuck 4 can move in the left and right direction to form a processing space for one end of the piston column. At this time, the auxiliary chuck 5 clamps the other end of the piston column. Thus, the processing of one end of the piston column can be completed without re-clamping the piston column. Similarly, when the processing of the other end of the piston column is required, the auxiliary chuck 5 moves forward away from the piston column to form a processing space for the other end of the piston column. At this time, the main chuck 4 clamps one end of the piston column. Thus, the processing of the other end of the piston column can be completed without re-clamping the piston column.

[0024] In summary, the spacing can be flexibly adjusted by the forward and backward sliding of the first clamping frame 1, the second clamping frame 2, and the auxiliary chuck 5, and the left and right sliding of the main chuck 4, to meet the clamping requirements of pistons of different lengths without the need to change special tooling. A single clamping operation can complete the machining of the piston's periphery and ends, avoiding the cumulative errors caused by multiple clamping operations and further ensuring positioning accuracy. The clamping and releasing process of the piston is easy to adjust, reducing manual intervention and significantly shortening auxiliary time and improving production efficiency when used with a gantry machining center.

[0025] Furthermore, a first track 31 is machined on the top surface of the chassis 3 along the front-rear direction. The first track 31 provides a unified and stable guiding reference for the movement of related components. The first clamping frame 1, the second clamping frame 2, and the auxiliary chuck 5 are all slidably connected to the first track 31. With the constraint of the first track 31, displacement in the front-rear direction is achieved. Then, the first clamping frame 1, the second clamping frame 2, and the auxiliary chuck 5 at different positions work together to complete the fitting and clamping of pistons of different lengths.

[0026] The first clamping frame 1, the second clamping frame 2, and the auxiliary chuck 5 share the same first track 31, which not only simplifies the structural layout of the chassis 3 but also ensures that the moving reference of the first clamping frame 1, the second clamping frame 2, and the auxiliary chuck 5 remains consistent. When the first clamping frame 1, the second clamping frame 2, and the auxiliary chuck 5 are all adjusted to the target position along the first track 31, the central axes of the three are all located in the vertical plane where the central axis of the piston is located, which provides a guarantee for the stable clamping structure of "positioning at both ends + clamping in the middle", avoids machining errors caused by reference deviation, and also improves the coordination of the movements of the first clamping frame 1, the second clamping frame 2, and the auxiliary chuck 5.

[0027] Furthermore, a limiting element 6 is provided on the side of the chassis 3 corresponding to the main chuck 4, with its central axis located in the vertical plane containing the piston axis. This ensures that the operation of the limiting element 6 can precisely limit the movement space of the main chuck 4. Since the mechanical vibration generated by the gantry machining center during operation can be transmitted to the machining fixture used for the hydraulic support piston, causing the main chuck 4 to vibrate accordingly, the limiting element 6 is used to controllably constrain the movement range of the main chuck 4 to prevent the main chuck 4 from interfering with the machining center's machining of the piston. This allows for precise planning of the space between the main chuck 4 and the piston end, thus reserving sufficient and stable working space for the machining operation of the gantry machining center on the piston end.

[0028] The limiting component 6 includes a fixed base 61, a knob 62, and a limiting rod 63. The fixed base 61 is secured to the upper surface of the chassis 3 by bolts, welding, or snap-fit, ensuring that the limiting component 6 will not loosen or shift during processing. The fixed base 61 has an internally threaded hole along the front-to-back direction. The limiting rod 63 is a threaded rod that passes through the threaded hole and forms a threaded connection with the fixed base 61. The knob 62 is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting rod 63 by snap-fit, welding, or integral molding, allowing the operator to manually rotate the knob 62 to drive the limiting rod 63. By rotating the knob 62 in either the forward or reverse direction, the limiting rod 63 can flexibly switch between a limited position and a movable position along the front-to-back direction, meeting the needs of different working scenarios of the main chuck 4.

[0029] When the limit lever 63 is in the limited position, its end away from the knob 62 is in close contact with the side of the main chuck 4, preventing the main chuck 4 from approaching the piston and hindering the machining of the piston end. At this time, the auxiliary chuck 5 fixes the piston, and its position provides sufficient operating space for the gantry machining center to perform hole and thread machining on the end of the piston near the main chuck 4, while preventing the main chuck 4 from shifting during machining.

[0030] When the limit lever 63 is switched to the moving position, the knob 62 is rotated in the opposite direction to move the limit lever 63 away from the main chuck 4 in the front-back direction until it is completely disengaged from the main chuck 4, thus releasing the constraint on the main chuck 4. At this time, the main chuck 4 can freely adjust its position along its own sliding direction, and its gripper assembly 45 can accurately hold the corresponding end of the piston, completing the clamping and positioning of the piston or the disassembly operation after processing.

[0031] Furthermore, the main chuck 4 includes a drive cylinder 41, a first slider 42, a main seat 43, a rotating disk 48, a drive motor 44, and a gripper assembly 45. A second track 33 extending in the left-right direction is provided on the chassis 3 corresponding to the mounting area of ​​the main chuck 4, and the second track 33 provides a stable guiding reference for the sliding of the main chuck 4.

[0032] The drive cylinder 41, which extends and retracts in the left-right direction, is fixed to the end of the chassis 3 by welding, screwing, or snapping. The extension and retraction direction of the drive cylinder 41 is parallel to the second track 33, ensuring that the power output direction is consistent with the sliding direction of the main chuck 4. Multiple first sliders 42 can slide along the length of the second track 33, and the main seat 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the first sliders 42 by welding, screwing, or snapping, so that the first sliders 42 and the main seat 43 form a rigid whole that cannot move relative to each other. The piston rod end of the drive cylinder 41 is fixedly connected to the side of the main seat 43 by a connecting piece 47, forming a reliable power transmission structure to realize the linkage between the drive cylinder 41 and the main seat 43. Specifically, the connecting piece 47 extends in the front-back direction, and one end of the connecting piece 47 has a through hole. The piston rod end of the drive cylinder 41 is provided with a threaded rod, which extends into the through hole and is fastened with a nut. Alternatively, one end of the connecting piece 47 can be directly welded to the piston rod end of the drive cylinder 41 for fixation. The other end of the connecting piece 47 can be directly welded to the main body 43, or it can also have a through hole and be screwed to the main body 43 using bolts. This achieves a fixed connection between the piston rod of the driving cylinder 41 and the main body 43. The drive motor 44 is embedded inside the main body 43, and its output shaft passes through the end face of the main body 43 facing the piston in the front-rear direction. The rotating disk 48 is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor 44 by means of screwing, welding or snap-fitting, and can rotate synchronously with the output shaft. The gripper assembly 45 is assembled on the end face of the rotating disk 48 with an openable and closable connecting structure. Its distribution position corresponds precisely to the contact area of ​​the piston end, and is used to clamp and fix the piston end.

[0033] In actual operation, based on the length specifications of the piston rod and clamping requirements, the drive cylinder 41 is activated, causing the piston rod to extend and retract. Guided by the first slider 42 and the second track 33, the main seat 43 slides left and right. When the main seat 43 moves to the preset position, the central axis of the rotating disk 48 is precisely aligned with the central axis of the piston rod end. At this point, the gripper assembly 45 is manually driven or driven by an additional motor to actuate and securely clamp the piston rod end. During subsequent processing, the drive motor 44 can rotate the rotating disk 48, thereby adjusting the end posture of the piston rod. This allows for multi-directional machining operations in conjunction with the gantry machining center, ensuring machining accuracy without the need for secondary clamping.

[0034] Specifically, the gripper assembly 45 includes a first chuck body 451, two first bevel gears 452, a first chuck wheel 453, and two movable grippers 454. Its structure is consistent with that of conventional chucks on the market. The specific construction of the first chuck body 451, the first bevel gears 452, the first chuck wheel 453, and the movable grippers 454 can refer to the structure of a three-jaw chuck in the prior art. Since the three-jaw chuck is already in the prior art, and the inventive point of this application is not there, its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0035] The first chuck body 451 has two first chuck slots 455 symmetrically formed radially along its center. The extension direction of the slots is consistent with the radial direction of the first chuck body 451. Two movable jaws 454 are respectively fitted into the slots and can move flexibly along the length of the slots. The end of the jaw facing the piston is machined with an arc-shaped surface that fits against the outer circle of the piston to ensure the fit and stability during clamping. The first chuck wheel 453 is rotatably embedded inside the first chuck body 451 through bearings. The two sides of the first chuck wheel 453 form different transmission structures. One side is machined with continuous first spiral stripes 4531, and the other side is provided with first meshing teeth 4532 evenly distributed radially, forming a composite structure of "helical transmission on one side and gear transmission on the other side".

[0036] Two first bevel gears 452 are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the rotating disk 48 and are rotatably connected to the side wall of the first chuck body 451 by bearings. The tooth portion of the first bevel gear 452 extends into the interior of the first chuck body 451 and forms a vertical meshing engagement with the first meshing tooth 4532 on the first chuck disc 453, thus forming a power input path. Correspondingly, the back side of the movable jaw 454 is integrally machined with a second meshing tooth 4541. The second meshing tooth 4541 faces the first chuck disc 453, and the extension direction of the second meshing tooth 4541 is perpendicular to the length direction of the first chuck groove 455. The second meshing tooth 4541 and the first spiral stripe 4531 of the first chuck disc 453 form a tight meshing. Since the first spiral stripe 4531 extends from the center to the periphery, the meshing position of the second meshing tooth 4541 and the first spiral stripe 4531 changes as the first spiral stripe 4531 rotates. This causes the movable jaw 454 located in the first chuck groove 455 to move bidirectionally along the length direction of the movable jaw 454, completing the power transmission and conversion from the first chuck disc 453 to the movable jaw 454.

[0037] When the piston needs to be clamped, the external driving force drives any one of the first bevel gears 452 to rotate. This, in turn, meshes with the first meshing teeth 4532, causing the first clamping disc 453 to rotate around its own axis. As the first clamping disc 453 rotates, the first spiral stripe 4531 on one side of the first clamping disc 453 forms a transmission with the second meshing teeth 4541 of the movable jaw 454, converting circular motion into linear motion. This drives the two movable jaws 454 to converge synchronously towards the center along the first clamping groove 455 until the arc-shaped surface tightly fits against the outer circle of the piston end, achieving clamping and positioning. To release the piston, simply reverse the drive of the first bevel gear 452, which will cause the movable jaws 454 to open synchronously outwards, releasing the constraint.

[0038] This dual-bevel gear drive design not only ensures more balanced power transmission and avoids jamming issues caused by a single drive, but also guarantees the synchronous movement of the two movable jaws 454 through helical transmission, ensuring the center positioning accuracy of the piston during clamping. Combined with the rotation function of the rotating disk 48, it can drive the piston to adjust the end machining angle, working in synergy with the position adjustment function of the main chuck 4 to provide reliable assurance for multi-process machining of the piston end.

[0039] Furthermore, the first clamping frame 1 includes a first hydraulic center frame 11, a second slider 12 and a first threaded sleeve 13, while the chassis 3 is correspondingly provided with a base plate seat 32, a lead screw 34 and a driver 35, providing basic support and power source for the movement of the first clamping frame 1.

[0040] Both the first track 31 and the lead screw 34 extend in the front-to-back direction and are spaced apart in the left-to-right direction on the base plate 32. The driver 35 is fixed to the base plate 32 by welding, screwing, or snapping. Its output end is connected to one end of the lead screw 34 via a coupling, while the other end of the lead screw 34 is rotatably supported on the base plate 32 by a bearing seat, ensuring that the lead screw 34 can rotate stably under the drive of the driver 35. The internal thread of the first threaded sleeve 13 is precisely matched with the external thread of the lead screw 34 to form a reliable threaded connection. The top end of the first threaded sleeve 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first hydraulic center frame 11 by welding, snapping, or bolting to form a rigid whole. At the same time, multiple second sliders 12 are slidably fitted with the first track 31. The top ends of these second sliders 12 are also fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first hydraulic center frame 11 by welding, screwing, or snapping, so that the first hydraulic center frame 11 simultaneously receives the transmission traction of the lead screw 34 and the guiding constraint of the first track 31.

[0041] When the position of the first clamping frame 1 needs to be adjusted to accommodate pistons of different lengths, the driver 35 starts and drives the lead screw 34 to rotate around its own axis. Through threaded engagement, the first threaded sleeve 13 moves along the axial direction (i.e., the front-to-back direction) of the lead screw 34. Since both the first threaded sleeve 13 and the second slider 12 are fixed to the first hydraulic center frame 11, the movement of the first threaded sleeve 13 will synchronously drive the first hydraulic center frame 11 to move smoothly back and forth in the front-to-back direction under the guidance of the second slider 12 and the first track 31 until the first hydraulic center frame 11 moves to the support position corresponding to the middle of the piston.

[0042] This transmission structure, consisting of a lead screw 34 and a first threaded sleeve 13, enables precise position control of the first hydraulic center frame 11. Combined with the guiding action of the first track 31 and the second slider 12, it effectively prevents offset during movement. Once the first hydraulic center frame 11 is in position, its own clamping structure provides stable support for the piston rod. Working in conjunction with the second clamping frame 2 and the main and auxiliary chucks 5, it reliably clamps the piston rod, providing strong support for ensuring the accuracy of subsequent machining.

[0043] Moreover, the first hydraulic center frame 11 is a hydraulic center frame in the prior art. There are many brands of hydraulic center frames on the market, such as Dezhou Haiyue Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd. and Dezhou Hengyu Hydraulic Machinery Co., Ltd. Therefore, it will not be elaborated here.

[0044] Furthermore, the second clamping frame 2 includes a second hydraulic center frame 21 and multiple third sliders 22. The third sliders 22 can slide along the front-rear extension direction of the first track 31, and their top ends are rigidly connected to the bottom end of the second hydraulic center frame 21 by welding, screwing, or snap-fitting, forming a single, immovable unit. Through the sliding engagement of the third sliders 22 and the first track 31, the second hydraulic center frame 21 can be flexibly adjusted in the front-rear direction on the chassis 3 without the need for an additional independent drive transmission assembly, simplifying the structure and reducing the difficulty of equipment coordination control. Moreover, compared to the first clamping frame 1, it can remain stationary without a drive source, allowing for independent adjustment of the second clamping component, thus better adapting to the length of the piston rod. Similarly, the second hydraulic center frame 21 is the same as the first hydraulic center frame 11 and is also an existing product, which will not be described further here.

[0045] Furthermore, the overall structure of the secondary chuck 5 is roughly the same as that of the gripper assembly 45, and is consistent with conventional three-jaw chucks on the market, identical to the three-jaw chuck described in Baidu Encyclopedia. It is also directly compatible with chucks purchased on the market. Moreover, the second chuck body, second chuck wheel, second bevel gear, and three positioning grippers 53 are identical to the first chuck body 451, first chuck wheel 453, first bevel gear 452, and movable gripper 454. In this embodiment, it includes a secondary seat 51, a sliding assembly 52, a second chuck body, a second chuck wheel, a second bevel gear, and three positioning grippers 53. The sliding assembly 52 forms a sliding fit with the corresponding first track 31 on the chassis 3. The secondary seat 51 is fixed to the top of the sliding assembly 52 by welding, screwing, or snapping, forming a rigid whole that can move synchronously back and forth along the first track 31 to adjust the distance to the main chuck 4. The second chuck body is rotatably connected to the side of the sub-base 51 facing the main chuck 4 via a bearing, and its end face is parallel to the end of the piston. The second chuck wheel is rotatably embedded inside the second chuck body, with continuous second spiral stripes machined on the outer wall and a ring of flat teeth on the inner end face, forming a composite transmission structure of "outer second spiral stripes and inner flat teeth".

[0046] The second chuck body has three second slots evenly spaced radially along its circumference. Three positioning jaws 53 are fitted into each slot and can move radially along the slot's extension direction. The positioning jaws 53 have integrated second meshing teeth 4541 machined onto the back side of the second chuck disc, engaging with the second spiral stripes on the outer side of the second chuck disc. The second bevel gear is rotatably supported on the circumference of the second chuck body via bearings. A portion of the second bevel gear extends into the interior of the second chuck body, meshing perpendicularly with the planar teeth on the inner side of the second chuck disc, forming a power transmission path of "second bevel gear - second chuck disc - positioning jaws 53".

[0047] During actual positioning, after the sliding component 52 moves the sub-seat 51 to the position corresponding to the end of the piston, the external drive structure drives the second bevel gear to rotate. The second bevel gear, through meshing with the planar teeth, drives the second chuck disc to rotate around its own axis. When the second chuck disc rotates, the second spiral stripe on its outer side forms a transmission with the second meshing tooth 4541 on the back of the positioning claw 53, converting the circular motion into linear motion. This drives the three positioning claws 53 to synchronously converge towards the center or open outward along the second slot. When converged, they fit tightly against the outer circle of the piston end to achieve clamping and positioning; when opened, they release the constraint and complete the release of the piston.

[0048] The three positioning jaws 53 are evenly distributed around the circumference to ensure balanced force on the end of the piston and avoid eccentric offset during positioning. Combined with the rotatable characteristics of the second chuck body relative to the sub-seat body 51, the angle can be adjusted according to the machining requirements of the piston. It works in conjunction with the main chuck 4 and the middle clamping frame to further enhance the overall stability of the piston clamping and provide a guarantee for high-precision machining of end hole systems, threads and other features.

[0049] Furthermore, the sliding assembly 52 includes a second threaded sleeve 521 and multiple fourth sliders 522. Its transmission and guidance are accomplished by relying on the existing lead screw 34 and first track 31 on the chassis 3, without the need to add an additional independent track structure. This simplifies the overall layout of the tooling and improves the coordination of the various components.

[0050] The fourth slider 522 can slide along the front-back extension direction of the first track 31, and its top end is rigidly connected to the bottom end of the sub-seat 51 of the sub-chuck 5 by means of screwing, welding or snap-fitting. The internal thread of the second threaded sleeve 521 fully meshes with the external thread of the lead screw 34 to form a stable threaded transmission pair, and the top end of the second threaded sleeve 521 is also fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sub-seat 51, so that the sub-seat 51, the second threaded sleeve 521 and the fourth slider 522 form an integral structure that cannot be moved relative to each other.

[0051] When it is necessary to adjust the distance between the secondary chuck 5 and the primary chuck 4 to match the length of the piston, the driver 35 on the chassis 3 starts and drives the lead screw 34 to rotate. Through the threaded engagement, the second threaded sleeve 521 moves along the axis (front-back direction) of the lead screw 34. During this process, the fourth slider 522 slides synchronously along the first track 31, providing precise guidance for the movement of the secondary seat 51 and avoiding deviation or jamming. Finally, the secondary seat 51 and the secondary chuck 5 above it move smoothly to the preset position corresponding to the end of the piston.

[0052] The position adjustment accuracy of the sliding component 52 is kept consistent with that of the first clamping frame 1, ensuring that the central axes of the auxiliary chuck 5 and the main chuck 4 are precisely aligned with the axis of the piston. When the auxiliary chuck 5 reaches the target position, its own positioning jaw 53 component 45 can start the clamping action, working together with the main chuck 4 and the central clamping frame to form a complete positioning of the piston, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0053] Example 2: Reference Figure 9 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that this embodiment also includes a limiting component 46 for restricting the sliding of the main chuck 4 in the left and right directions. The limiting component 46 includes a buffer abutment block 461, a first limiting block 462 and a second limiting block 463, which are described in detail below.

[0054] In this embodiment, a buffer abutment block 461 is fitted at the bottom of the main seat body 43 of the main chuck 4. The buffer abutment block 461 can be rigidly connected to the main seat body 43 through various fixing methods such as welding, screwing, or snap-fitting. The specific fixing method can be flexibly selected according to actual assembly requirements and working conditions to ensure the stability of the connection. Corresponding to the second track 33 along which the main chuck 4 slides, a first limiting block 462 and a second limiting block 463 are respectively provided at both ends. The first limiting block 462 and the second limiting block 463 are fixed to the top of the chassis 3 through fitting methods such as welding, screwing, or snap-fitting, and are arranged correspondingly to the ends of the second track 33, forming a bidirectional constraint on the sliding range of the main chuck 4.

[0055] When the drive cylinder 41 drives the main chuck 4 to slide left and right along the second track 33 to adjust its position, if the main chuck 4 slides to the extreme position at the end of the second track 33, the buffer abutment block 461 at the bottom of the main seat 43 will first contact the corresponding first limit block 462 or second limit block 463. Through the physical blocking effect of the two limit blocks, the sliding stroke of the main chuck 4 can be effectively limited, preventing the main chuck 4 from slipping off the second track 33 due to excessive sliding, thus ensuring the safety of the main chuck 4's operation. At the same time, both the first limit block 462 and the second limit block 463 are made of flexible material. This material characteristic can absorb impact energy when the buffer abutment block 461 contacts the block, greatly reducing the recoil force generated by the collision, thereby preventing the buffer abutment block 461 and the main seat 43 from being damaged by impact, extending the service life of the components, and ensuring the stability of the main chuck 4's positioning state.

[0056] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0057] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining fixture for a hydraulic support piston, characterized in that: It includes a first clamping frame (1), a second clamping frame (2), a chassis (3), a main chuck (4), and a secondary chuck (5); The first clamping frame (1) and the second clamping frame (2) are slidably disposed on the chassis (3) in the front-back direction for clamping the piston in the middle. The main chuck (4) is slidably disposed on one end of the chassis (3) in the left-right direction, and the auxiliary chuck (5) is slidably disposed on the other end of the chassis (3) in the front-back direction. The main chuck (4) and the auxiliary chuck (5) are used to clamp the piston at both ends of the piston.

2. The machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis (3) is provided with a first track (31) along the front-rear direction, and the first clamping frame (1), the second clamping frame (2), and the auxiliary chuck (5) are all provided on the first track (31).

3. The machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis (3) is provided with a limiting member (6), which is located on one side of the main chuck (4) and is adapted to be located in the same vertical plane as the piston. The movement of the main chuck (4) is restricted by the limiting member (6) to facilitate the formation of machining space for the end of the piston column in the gantry machining center.

4. The machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting component (6) includes a fixed base (61), a knob (62), and a limiting rod (63). The fixing seat (61) is fixed on the chassis (3). The fixing seat (61) has a threaded hole. The knob (62) is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting rod (63). The limiting rod (63) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. By driving the knob (62) to rotate, the limiting rod (63) can move between the limiting position and the moving position in the front-back direction; When the limiting rod (63) is in the limiting position, the limiting rod (63) abuts against the main chuck (4), which is suitable for the gantry machining center to process the end of the piston near the main chuck (4); When the limiting rod (63) is in the moving position, the limiting rod (63) disengages from the main chuck (4), and the main chuck (4) can be held at one end of the piston rod.

5. The machining tooling for the hydraulic support piston as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main chuck (4) includes a drive cylinder (41), a plurality of first sliders (42), a main seat (43), a drive motor (44), a gripper assembly (45), and a rotating disk (48). The chassis (3) is provided with a second track (33) extending in the left and right direction; The drive cylinder (41) that extends and retracts in the left and right direction is fixed to the end of the chassis (3). The second track (33) is arranged opposite to the drive cylinder (41). Multiple first sliders (42) are slidably connected to the second track (33). The main seat (43) is fixed to the top of the first slider (42). The piston rod of the drive cylinder (41) is fixedly connected to the main seat (43). The drive motor (44) is embedded in the main seat (43). The rotating disk (48) is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor (44). The gripper assembly (45) is movably connected to the rotating disk (48). The first slider (42) is driven to slide in the left and right direction by the driving cylinder (41) so that the rotating disk (48) corresponds to the end of the piston.

6. The machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The gripper assembly (45) includes a first chuck body (451), two first bevel gears (452), a first chuck disc (453), and two movable grippers (454). The first chuck body (451) has two first slots (455) radially formed. Two movable jaws (454) are movably disposed in the first slots (455) to be suitable for clamping and releasing the movable column. The first chuck wheel (453) is rotatably disposed inside the first chuck body (451). Two first bevel gears (452) are rotatably disposed around the rotating disk (48). The two sides of the first chuck wheel (453) are respectively provided with first spiral stripes (4531) and first meshing teeth (4532) distributed radially thereon. The first bevel gears (452) mesh with the first meshing teeth (4532). The back side of the movable jaws (454) is provided with second meshing teeth (4541). The second meshing teeth (4541) can mesh with the first spiral stripes (4531). By driving the first bevel gear (452) to rotate, the first chuck disc (453) is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the movable chuck (454) to move synchronously along the radial direction of the first chuck disc (453).

7. The machining tooling for the hydraulic support piston as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The first clamping frame (1) includes a first hydraulic center frame (11), a second slider (12), and a first threaded sleeve (13). The chassis (3) includes a base plate (32), a lead screw (34), and a drive unit (35); The lead screw (34) is set on the chassis (3) parallel to the first track (31), one end is connected to the driver (35), and the other end is rotatably connected to the base plate (32). The lead screw (34) is threaded with the first threaded sleeve (13). The top end of the first threaded sleeve (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first hydraulic center frame (11). The top end of the second slider (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first hydraulic center frame (11), and the second slider (12) is slidably set on the first track (31).

8. The machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The second clamping frame (2) includes a second hydraulic center frame (21) and a plurality of third sliders (22); The third slider (22) is slidably connected to the first track (31), and the top end of the third slider (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second hydraulic center frame (21).

9. The machining tooling for the hydraulic support piston as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The secondary chuck (5) includes a secondary seat (51), a sliding assembly (52), a second chuck body, a second chuck wheel, a second bevel gear, and three positioning jaws (53). The second chuck body has three second slots radially. The positioning claw (53) is movably disposed in the second slot to be suitable for clamping and releasing the piston. The second chuck wheel is rotatably disposed inside the second chuck body. Three second bevel gears are rotatably connected to the periphery of the second chuck body. The two sides of the second chuck wheel are respectively provided with second spiral stripes and third meshing teeth distributed radially thereon. The second bevel gears mesh with the third meshing teeth. The back side of the positioning claw (53) is provided with a fourth meshing tooth. The second spiral stripe can mesh with the fourth meshing tooth. The sub-seat (51) is fixed to the top of the sliding assembly (52). The sliding assembly (52) is slidably connected to the first track (31). The second chuck body is rotatably connected to the sub-seat (51) on the side close to the main chuck (4). By driving the second bevel gear to rotate, the second chuck disc is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the positioning gripper (53) to move synchronously along the radial direction of the second chuck body.

10. The machining fixture for the hydraulic support piston as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (52) includes a second threaded sleeve (521) and a fourth slider (522); The second threaded sleeve (521) is threaded onto the lead screw (34). The top end of the second threaded sleeve (521) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sub-seat (51). The top end of the fourth slider (522) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sub-seat (51), and the fourth slider (522) is disposed on the first track (31).

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