An automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools

Abstract

This utility model discloses an automatic single-piece feeding device for a high-precision machine tool, including a vibratory feeder, a Z-axis conveying structure, and a Y-axis conveying structure. The Z-axis conveying structure is mounted on the machine tool bed, and one end of the Z-axis conveying structure is connected to the track system of the vibratory feeder. The Y-axis conveying structure is horizontally mounted on the machine tool and perpendicular to the Z-axis conveying structure. The Y-axis conveying structure receives the workpieces conveyed by the Z-axis conveying structure and delivers them to the machine tool spindle, where the spindle clamps the workpieces. This utility model uses a vibratory feeder to arrange and convey short workpieces in an orderly manner. The Z-axis conveying structure receives the short materials conveyed from the vibratory feeder, and the Y-axis conveying structure receives the short materials conveyed from the Z-axis conveying structure and delivers them to the machine tool spindle. This allows the short materials in the vibratory feeder to be conveyed one by one to the machine tool spindle, automating the short material feeding process, improving the feeding efficiency, and eliminating the need for manual intervention during the feeding process from the vibratory feeder to the machine tool spindle, thus improving feeding safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a single-piece automatic feeding device for high-precision machine tools, belonging to the field of machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] Precision machine tools are among the most commonly used tools in machining. Their structure includes a main spindle, a sub-spindle, and cutting tools located between them. The main spindle clamps long bars of material, and the cutting tools machine the material from one end, cutting the workpiece off the long bar. If machining is required on the other end of the workpiece, it is clamped by the sub-spindle before being cut from the long bar. After the workpiece is cut, the cutting tools machine the workpiece held by the sub-spindle. For short materials, such as semi-finished products or castings, they need to be clamped onto the main spindle one by one before being machined by the cutting tools. Loading short materials is done manually. After machining one workpiece, another short material is manually picked up, clamped onto the main spindle, and then machined by the cutting tools. This process is repeated to complete the machining of all workpieces. Manual loading suffers from low efficiency and poor safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools, which solves the technical defects of existing technology where manual operation is required for feeding short materials, resulting in low feeding efficiency and poor workpiece processing safety.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a single-piece automatic feeding device for a high-precision machine tool, including a vibratory feeder, a Z-axis conveying structure, and a Y-axis conveying structure. The vibratory feeder is used to arrange the workpieces in an orderly manner and convey them to the machine tool. The Z-axis conveying structure is set on the machine tool bed, located on one side of the machine tool spindle and parallel to the machine tool spindle. One end of the Z-axis conveying structure is connected to the track system of the vibratory feeder and is used to receive the workpieces conveyed by the vibratory feeder and convey the workpieces along the Z-axis direction after clamping them. The Y-axis conveying structure is horizontally set on the machine tool and perpendicular to the Z-axis conveying structure. The Y-axis conveying structure is used to receive the workpieces conveyed by the Z-axis conveying structure and send the workpieces to the machine tool spindle for clamping. This invention uses a vibratory feeder to arrange and transport short workpieces in an orderly manner. The Z-axis conveying structure receives the short materials from the vibratory feeder, and the Y-axis conveying structure receives the short materials from the Z-axis conveying structure and delivers them to the machine tool spindle. This allows the short materials in the vibratory feeder to be transported to the machine tool spindle one by one, thus automating the loading of short materials and improving the loading efficiency. The loading process from the vibratory feeder to the machine tool spindle does not require manual intervention, improving the safety of the loading process.

[0005] As a further improvement of this utility model, a limiting mechanism is also included, which is disposed on one end of the Z-axis conveying structure for connection with the track system of the vibratory feeder, for ensuring that the track system of the vibratory feeder provides one workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure each time. This utility model, by setting a limiting mechanism, limits the workpiece conveyed by the vibratory feeder, ensuring that it provides one workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure each time.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting cylinder, the cylinder body of which is fixed to the Z-axis conveying structure. The piston rod extends and retracts vertically. When the piston rod of the limiting cylinder extends upward to block the track system of the vibratory feeder, it prevents the vibratory feeder from conveying workpieces to the Z-axis conveying structure. When the piston rod of the limiting cylinder retracts downward, the track system of the vibratory feeder can convey workpieces to the Z-axis conveying structure. In this utility model, when the piston rod of the limiting cylinder extends, it blocks the end of the track system of the vibratory feeder, preventing the vibratory feeder from conveying workpieces to the Z-axis conveying structure. When the piston rod of the limiting cylinder retracts, the obstruction at the end of the track system of the vibratory feeder is removed, and the vibratory feeder can continue to convey workpieces to the Z-axis conveying structure.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the Z-axis conveying structure includes a Z-axis conveying guide rail, a Z-axis moving block, a rotary cylinder, a rotary seat, and a first gripper cylinder. The Z-axis conveying guide rail is mounted on the machine tool bed. The Z-axis moving block is mounted on the Z-axis conveying guide rail and can slide on it. The rotary cylinder is mounted on the Z-axis moving block and moves synchronously with it. The rotary seat is mounted on the rotary cylinder and is driven to rotate by the rotary cylinder. The first gripper cylinder is mounted on the rotary seat and rotates synchronously with it. The first gripper cylinder receives and clamps the workpiece from the track system of the vibratory feeder. The rotary cylinder drives the first gripper cylinder to rotate 180°. The Z-axis moving block moves towards the Y-axis conveying structure on the Z-axis conveying guide rail and is received and clamped by the Y-axis conveying structure. In this invention, the first gripper cylinder can grip and release the workpiece, while the rotary cylinder can drive the rotary seat to rotate, causing the first gripper cylinder to rotate accordingly, changing the orientation of the workpiece. The Z-axis conveyor guide rail drives the first gripper to move, moving the workpiece from the track system to the Y-axis conveyor guide rail, thereby completing the conveying of the workpiece and placing the workpiece in the correct orientation on the machine tool spindle.

[0008] As a further improvement of this invention, the limiting mechanism also includes a displacement sensor, which is mounted on the Z-axis conveying structure. This sensor detects the distance between the first gripper cylinder and the track system of the vibratory feeder. When the displacement sensor detects that the distance between the first gripper cylinder and the track system of the vibratory feeder exceeds a set value, the piston rod of the limiting cylinder extends to prevent the track system of the vibratory feeder from supplying the workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure. When the displacement sensor detects that the distance between the first gripper cylinder and the track system of the vibratory feeder is less than the set value, the piston rod of the limiting cylinder retracts, allowing the track system of the vibratory feeder to supply the workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure. This invention, by using a displacement sensor to detect the distance between the first gripper cylinder and the track system, determines when the piston rod of the limiting cylinder extends or retracts.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the Z-axis conveying guide rail is mounted on the machine tool bed by multiple support seats spaced apart along the Z-axis direction. A support frame is provided at the end of the Z-axis conveying guide rail to provide upward support for the end of the vibratory feeder's track system. This utility model, by providing support seats, facilitates the fixing of the Z-axis conveying guide rail to the machine tool bed.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the Y-axis conveying structure includes a Y-axis conveying guide rail, a Y-axis moving block, and a second gripper cylinder. The Y-axis moving block is mounted on the Y-axis conveying guide rail and can move on it. The second gripper cylinder is mounted on the Y-axis moving block and moves synchronously with it. The second gripper cylinder is used to receive and clamp the workpiece from the Z-axis conveying structure, and then send the workpiece to the machine tool spindle. This utility model drives the Y-axis moving block to move via the Y-axis conveying guide rail, and the Y-axis moving block drives the second gripper cylinder to move, thereby moving the workpiece in the Y-axis direction and sending it to the machine tool spindle.

[0011] As a further improvement of this invention, the height of the Y-axis transport guide rail is greater than the height of the machine tool spindle. The second gripper cylinder is installed at the lower part of the Y-axis moving block, and the centerline of the second gripper cylinder is on the same horizontal plane as the centerline of the machine tool spindle. In this invention, the height of the Y-axis transport guide rail is greater than that of the machine tool spindle, thus avoiding obstruction of the Z-axis movement of the machine tool spindle.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, it also includes a vibratory feeder mounting base disposed on one side of the machine tool, with the vibratory feeder mounted on the mounting base. The track system of the vibratory feeder extends out of the mounting base and connects to the Z-axis conveying structure. This utility model provides a vibratory feeder mounting base, facilitating the installation of the vibratory feeder.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the vibratory feeder mounting base has a top-opening structure, allowing workpieces to be added into the vibratory feeder from the top of the mounting base during use. The top opening of the vibratory feeder mounting base in this utility model facilitates the addition of workpieces to the vibratory feeder during use.

[0014] In summary, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: it realizes the automation of short material feeding, improves the safety of short material feeding, and also has the advantage of simple structure. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model used on a machine tool.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model used in a machine tool.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention from another angle.

[0019] The components include: 1. Vibratory feeder; 2. Z-axis conveying structure; 3. Y-axis conveying structure; 4. Machine tool spindle; 5. Track system; 6. Limiting mechanism; 7. Limiting cylinder; 8. Z-axis conveying guide rail; 9. Z-axis moving block; 10. Rotary cylinder; 11. Rotary seat; 12. First gripper cylinder; 13. Displacement sensor; 14. Support seat; 15. Support frame; 16. Y-axis conveying guide rail; 17. Y-axis moving block; 18. Second gripper cylinder; 19. Vibratory feeder mounting base. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 4 The high-precision machine tool single-piece automatic feeding device shown includes a vibratory feeder 1, a Z-axis conveying structure 2, and a Y-axis conveying structure 3. The vibratory feeder 1 in this invention is an existing product. The vibratory feeder is used to arrange workpieces in an orderly manner and its track system 5 conveys the orderly arranged workpieces to the machine tool. The Z-axis conveying structure 2 is installed on the machine tool bed. The Z-axis conveying structure 2 is located on one side of the machine tool spindle 4 and is parallel to the machine tool spindle 4. One end of the Z-axis conveying structure 2 is connected to the track system 5 of the vibratory feeder 1 and is used to receive the workpieces conveyed by the vibratory feeder 1. After clamping the workpieces, it conveys the workpieces along the Z-axis direction in a direction away from the track system 5. The Y-axis conveying structure 3 is horizontally set on the machine tool bed and is perpendicular to the Z-axis conveying structure 2. The Y-axis conveying structure 3 is used to receive the workpieces conveyed by the Z-axis conveying structure 2 and send the workpieces to the machine tool spindle 4. The machine tool spindle 4 clamps the workpieces. After clamping the workpieces, the machine tool spindle 4 drives the workpieces to rotate or move along the Z-axis direction, and completes the processing of the workpieces in conjunction with the machine tool's cutting tools.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, to achieve one workpiece per pair of feeds, this invention includes a limiting mechanism 6. This limiting mechanism 6 is located on one end of the Z-axis conveying structure 2 that connects to the track system 5 of the vibratory feeder 1. The limiting mechanism 6 ensures that the track system 5 of the vibratory feeder 1 provides one workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure 2 each time. The limiting mechanism 6 includes a limiting cylinder 7, the cylinder body of which is fixed to the Z-axis conveying structure 2. The piston rod of the limiting cylinder 7 extends and retracts. When the piston rod extends upwards to block the track system 5 of the vibratory feeder 1, it prevents the vibratory feeder 1 from feeding workpieces to the Z-axis conveying structure 2. When the piston rod retracts downwards, the track system 5 of the vibratory feeder 1 can feed workpieces to the Z-axis conveying structure 2. By extending and retracting the piston rod of the limiting cylinder 7 to block the workpieces, the track system 5 of the vibratory feeder 1 outputs one workpiece at a time.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the Z-axis conveying structure 2 of this utility model includes a Z-axis conveying guide rail 8, a Z-axis moving block 9, a rotary cylinder 10, a rotary seat 11, and a first gripper cylinder 12. The Z-axis conveying guide rail 8 is mounted on the machine tool bed and can be a rodless cylinder. The Z-axis moving block 9 is mounted on the Z-axis conveying guide rail 8 and can be driven by the Z-axis conveying guide rail 8 to slide along the Z-axis direction. The Z-axis moving block 9 in this utility model is L-shaped, with its horizontal portion mounted on the Z-axis conveying guide rail 8. The cylinder body of the rotary cylinder 10 is mounted on the vertical portion of the Z-axis moving block 9, and the rotary cylinder 10 moves with the Z-axis moving block 9 in the Z-axis direction. Synchronous movement: The rotating seat 11 is mounted on the rotating output mechanism of the rotating cylinder 10 and is driven to rotate by the rotating cylinder 10. In this utility model, the rotating output mechanism of the rotating cylinder 10 rotates 180° each time. The cylinder body of the first gripper cylinder 12 is mounted on the rotating seat 11 and rotates synchronously with the rotation of the rotating seat 11. The first gripper cylinder 12 receives and clamps the workpiece from the end of the track system 5 of the vibrating plate 1. The rotating cylinder 10 drives the first gripper cylinder 12 to rotate 180°. The Z-axis moving block 9 moves towards the Y-axis conveying structure 3 on the Z-axis conveying guide rail 8. The Y-axis conveying structure 3 receives and clamps the workpiece, and then the Y-axis conveying mechanism 3 sends the workpiece to the machine tool spindle 4.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, to facilitate the control of the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the limiting cylinder 7, the limiting mechanism 6 of this utility model is equipped with a displacement sensor 13. This displacement sensor 13 is mounted on the Z-axis conveying structure 2 and is used to detect the distance between the first gripper cylinder 12 and the track system 5 of the vibrating plate 1. The displacement sensor 13 is connected to the control system that controls the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the limiting cylinder 7, and a preset distance value is set within the control system. When the displacement sensor 13 detects that the distance between the first gripper cylinder 12 and the track system 5 of the vibrating plate 1 exceeds the set value, it indicates that the first gripper... The first gripper cylinder 12 clamps the workpiece and then moves towards the Y-axis conveying structure 3. Alternatively, the first gripper cylinder 12 transfers the workpiece to the Y-axis conveying structure 3 and then moves towards the track system 5, but the distance is still large enough. At this time, the piston rod of the limit cylinder 7 extends to block the track system 5 of the vibratory plate 1 from providing the workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure 2. When the displacement sensor 13 detects that the distance between the first gripper cylinder 12 and the track system 5 of the vibratory plate 1 is less than the set value, the piston rod of the limit cylinder 7 retracts to allow the track system 5 of the vibratory plate 1 to provide the workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure 2.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the Z-axis conveying guide rail 8 of this utility model is provided on the machine tool bed by a plurality of support seats 14 arranged at equal intervals along the Z-axis direction. The bottom end of the support seat 14 is detachably installed to the machine tool bed by bolts, and the top end of the Z-axis conveying guide rail 8 is detachably installed to the support seat 14 by bolts. This utility model provides a support frame 15 at the end of the Z-axis conveying guide rail 8. The top end of the support frame 15 is detachably installed to the end of the track system 5 of the vibratory feeder 1, which is used to provide upward support to the end of the track system 5 of the vibratory feeder 1, so that the first gripper cylinder 18 can smoothly grip the workpiece output by the track system 5.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the Y-axis conveying structure 3 of this utility model includes a Y-axis conveying guide rail 16, a Y-axis moving block 17, and a second gripper cylinder 18. The Y-axis moving block 17 is mounted on the Y-axis conveying guide rail 16 and is driven by the Y-axis conveying guide rail 16 to move on the Y-axis conveying guide rail 16. The Y-axis conveying guide rail 16 in this utility model can also be a rodless cylinder. The second gripper cylinder 18 is mounted on the Y-axis moving block 17 and moves synchronously with the movement of the Y-axis moving block 17. The second gripper cylinder 18 is used to receive and clamp the workpiece from the Z-axis conveying structure 2, and then send the workpiece to the machine tool spindle 4. In this invention, the height of the Y-axis transport guide 16 is greater than the height of the machine tool spindle 4. The Y-axis transport guide 16 can be installed on the column on the machine tool bed, or support columns can be provided on both sides of the Y-axis transport guide 16 to support the Y-axis transport guide 16 on the machine tool bed. The Y-axis moving block 17 is plate-shaped. The upper part of the Y-axis moving block 17 is connected to the Y-axis transport guide 16. The middle part of the Y-axis moving block 17 is inclined away from the machine tool spindle 4. The lower part of the Y-axis moving block 17 is vertical. The second gripper cylinder 18 is installed on the vertical part of the lower part of the Y-axis moving block 17 and faces the machine tool spindle 4. The center line of the first gripper cylinder 18, the center line of the second gripper cylinder 18 and the center line of the machine tool spindle 4 are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in order to facilitate the installation of the vibratory feeder 1, the present invention provides a vibratory feeder mounting base 19 on one side of the machine tool. The vibratory feeder 1 is mounted on the vibratory feeder mounting base 19. The track system 5 of the vibratory feeder 1 extends out of the vibratory feeder mounting base 19 and is connected to the Z-axis conveying structure 2. The vibratory feeder mounting base 19 in the present invention has a top opening structure. In use, the workpiece is added into the vibratory feeder 1 through the top opening of the vibratory feeder mounting base 19.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified in the above description, all parts are existing technology or can be implemented using existing technology. Furthermore, the specific embodiments described in this utility model are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of this utility model patent should be considered within the technical scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A single-piece automatic feeding device for a high-precision machine tool, characterized in that, The machine tool includes a vibratory feeder (1), a Z-axis conveying structure (2), and a Y-axis conveying structure (3). The vibratory feeder (1) is used to arrange the workpieces in an orderly manner and convey them to the machine tool. The Z-axis conveying structure (2) is set on the machine tool bed, located on one side of the machine tool spindle (4) and parallel to the machine tool spindle (4). One end of the Z-axis conveying structure (2) is connected to the track system (5) of the vibratory feeder (1) and is used to receive the workpieces conveyed by the vibratory feeder (1) and convey the workpieces along the Z-axis direction after clamping the workpieces. The Y-axis conveying structure (3) is set horizontally on the machine tool and is perpendicular to the Z-axis conveying structure (2). The Y-axis conveying structure (3) is used to receive the workpieces conveyed by the Z-axis conveying structure (2) and send the workpieces to the machine tool spindle (4) for clamping.

2. The automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting mechanism (6), which is set on one end of the Z-axis conveying structure (2) for connection with the track system (5) of the vibratory plate (1), for the track system (5) of the vibratory plate (1) to provide one workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure (2) each time.

3. The automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism (6) includes a limiting cylinder (7), whose cylinder body is fixed on the Z-axis conveying structure (2). The piston rod extends and retracts. When the piston rod of the limiting cylinder (7) extends upward to block the track system (5) of the vibratory plate (1), it prevents the vibratory plate (1) from conveying the workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure (2). When the piston rod of the limiting cylinder (7) retracts downward, the track system (5) of the vibratory plate (1) can convey the workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure (2).

4. The automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools according to claim 3, characterized in that, The Z-axis conveying structure (2) includes a Z-axis conveying guide rail (8), a Z-axis moving block (9), a rotary cylinder (10), a rotary seat (11), and a first gripper cylinder (12). The Z-axis conveying guide rail (8) is mounted on the machine tool bed. The Z-axis moving block (9) is mounted on the Z-axis conveying guide rail (8) and can slide on the Z-axis conveying guide rail (8). The rotary cylinder (10) is mounted on the Z-axis moving block (9) and moves synchronously with the Z-axis moving block (9). The rotary seat (11) is mounted on the rotary cylinder (8). 10) is driven to flip by a rotary cylinder (10). The first gripper cylinder (12) is set on the rotary seat (11) and flips synchronously with the rotation of the rotary seat (11). The first gripper cylinder (12) receives and clamps the workpiece from the track system (5) of the vibratory plate (1). The rotary cylinder (10) drives the first gripper cylinder (12) to flip 180°. The Z-axis moving block (9) moves toward the Y-axis conveying structure (3) on the Z-axis conveying guide rail (8) and is received and clamped by the Y-axis conveying structure (3).

5. The automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism (6) also includes a displacement sensor (13), which is set on the Z-axis conveying structure (2) to detect the distance between the first gripper cylinder (12) and the track system (5) of the vibratory plate (1). When the displacement sensor (13) detects that the distance between the first gripper cylinder (12) and the track system (5) of the vibratory plate (1) exceeds the set value, the piston rod of the limiting cylinder (7) extends to block the track system (5) of the vibratory plate (1) from providing the workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure (2). When the displacement sensor (13) detects that the distance between the first gripper cylinder (12) and the track system (5) of the vibratory plate (1) is less than the set value, the piston rod of the limiting cylinder (7) retracts to allow the track system (5) of the vibratory plate (1) to provide the workpiece to the Z-axis conveying structure (2).

6. The automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools according to claim 4, characterized in that, The Z-axis conveying guide (8) is mounted on the machine tool bed by multiple support seats (14) spaced apart along the Z-axis direction. A support frame (15) is provided at the end of the Z-axis conveying guide (8) to provide upward support to the end of the track system (5) of the vibratory feeder (1).

7. The automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis conveying structure (3) includes a Y-axis conveying guide rail (16), a Y-axis moving block (17), and a second gripper cylinder (18). The Y-axis moving block (17) is set on the Y-axis conveying guide rail (16) and can move on the Y-axis conveying guide rail (16). The second gripper cylinder (18) is installed on the Y-axis moving block (17) and moves synchronously with the movement of the Y-axis moving block (17). The second gripper cylinder (18) is used to receive and clamp the workpiece from the Z-axis conveying structure (2) and then send the workpiece to the machine tool spindle (4).

8. The automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools according to claim 7, characterized in that, The height of the Y-axis transport guide rail (16) is greater than the height of the machine tool spindle (4). The second gripper cylinder (18) is installed at the lower part of the Y-axis moving block (17). The center line of the second gripper cylinder (18) and the center line of the machine tool spindle (4) are on the same horizontal plane.

9. The automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a vibratory feeder mounting base (19) set on one side of the machine tool, the vibratory feeder (1) is mounted on the vibratory feeder mounting base (19), and the track system (5) of the vibratory feeder (1) extends out of the vibratory feeder mounting base (19) and is connected to the Z-axis conveying structure (2).

10. The automatic single-piece feeding device for high-precision machine tools according to claim 9, characterized in that, The vibratory plate mounting base (19) has an open top structure. When in use, the workpiece is added into the vibratory plate (1) from the top of the vibratory plate mounting base (19).

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