Anti-lock braking system for electric tricycles

Abstract

This utility model discloses an anti-lock braking system (ABS) for electric tricycles, belonging to the field of electric tricycle braking technology. It includes a frame, a disc brake assembly, a disc brake cylinder, and a pre-pressure compensation component. A wheel is mounted on one end of the frame, and a mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the frame. A round rod is fixedly mounted between the mounting brackets, and a foot brake lever is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the round rod. The disc brake assembly is mounted on one end of the wheel. The disc brake cylinder is fixedly mounted on one side of the lower end of the frame. A cylinder push rod is provided at one end of the cylinder cylinder, and a mounting groove is opened at one end of the cylinder push rod. A limit retaining ring is fixedly installed in the mounting groove. A pre-pressure spring provides pre-tightening force, pre-compensating the assembly gap between the master cylinder piston and the brake fluid, as well as the slight air gap in the brake lines. This solves the core defect of traditional braking systems where light pedal application first compresses the gap before building pressure, allowing braking pressure to be quickly built up at the initial pedal application, effectively avoiding the risk of skidding due to braking lag at low speeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an anti-lock braking system (ABS) adjustment device for electric tricycles, and belongs to the field of electric tricycle braking technology. Background Technology

[0002] Electric tricycles, as an important means of transportation for short-distance transport and daily travel, are widely used in urban and rural areas due to their flexibility, convenience, and high load-bearing capacity. The braking system, as a core component ensuring driving safety, directly affects the safety of the rider and passengers through its braking response speed and stability. Currently, electric tricycles generally use hydraulic disc brake systems, with some high-end models equipped with anti-lock braking systems to improve their ability to prevent skidding and wheel lock-up during emergency braking.

[0003] For example, announcement number CN206983960U describes an anti-lock braking system for electric vehicles, comprising speed sensors mounted on the front and rear wheels of the electric vehicle to collect speed signals from the front and rear wheels, an active braking sensor to monitor braking signals from the electric vehicle, a driving time electronic controller, and a regulator. The driving time electronic controller includes a sensor receiving unit, a microcontroller, and a CAN drive interface. The sensor receiving unit receives speed signals from the speed sensors and braking signals from the active braking sensors, and transmits these signals to the microcontroller. The regulator is connected to the driving time electronic controller via the CAN drive interface and is controlled by the microcontroller of the driving time electronic controller. The regulator drives the motor to rotate the wheels. This invention prevents wheel slippage during forceful or emergency braking, preventing wheel lock-up during braking and avoiding tire friction on a single point, thereby increasing friction.

[0004] In traditional hydraulic brake master cylinders, there are often assembly gaps and trace amounts of air residue between the piston and the brake fluid, as well as inside the brake lines. When the user lightly presses the brake pedal at low speed, the pedal force must first overcome these gaps before it can push the piston to build up braking pressure, resulting in a braking response delay of 0.3-0.5 seconds. During this period, the vehicle will still slide forward a certain distance, increasing the risk of rear-end collisions. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anti-lock braking adjustment device for electric tricycles to solve the above problems and improve the low-speed braking effect.

[0006] This utility model achieves the above objectives through the following technical solution: an anti-lock braking electric tricycle brake adjustment device, including a frame, disc brake components, disc brake cylinders, and pre-pressure compensation components. A wheel is mounted on one end of the frame, a mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the frame, a round rod is fixedly mounted between the mounting brackets, and a foot brake rod is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the round rod. The disc brake is installed at one end of the wheel; The disc brake cylinder is fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of the frame. The disc brake cylinder is connected to the disc brake component through a hydraulic oil line. One end of the disc brake cylinder is provided with a cylinder push rod. One end of the cylinder push rod is provided with a mounting groove. A limit ring is fixedly installed in the mounting groove. The pre-pressure compensation component includes: A mounting plate is hinged to the outside of the round rod. One end of the mounting plate has circular grooves arranged in a circumferential array. A guide telescopic rod is fixedly installed in the circular grooves. A round plate is fixedly installed at the free end of the guide telescopic rod. An adjusting nut is rotatably mounted at one end of the circular plate via a plane bearing. A guide sleeve is inserted into one end of the disc brake cylinder, and one end of the guide sleeve is in contact with the limiting retaining ring. A brake push rod is inserted into the inner side of the guide sleeve. One end of the brake push rod has an external thread that meshes with the internal thread of the adjusting nut. One end of the brake push rod is in contact with the limiting retaining ring. A preload spring is sleeved on the outside of the brake push rod. One end of the preload spring is rotatably connected to the adjusting nut, and the other end of the preload spring is in contact with the limiting retaining ring.

[0007] Preferably, to facilitate the movement of the foot brake lever, a pedal is fixedly installed at one end of the foot brake lever.

[0008] Preferably, in order to improve the service life of the preload spring, the preload spring is made of 304 stainless steel.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting nut is made of brass so that the preload spring can move.

[0010] Preferably, to facilitate rotation of the adjusting nut, the outer side of the adjusting nut has a knurled structure.

[0011] Preferably, in order to improve the service life of the guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is made of engineering plastic.

[0012] Preferably, in order to limit the axial displacement of the guide sleeve, the limiting retaining ring is an elastic retaining ring made of 65Mn spring steel.

[0013] Preferably, in order to achieve this, three guide telescopic rods are provided.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by providing a constant preload of 0.3-0.5MPa through the preload spring, the assembly gap between the brake master cylinder piston and the brake fluid and the trace air gap in the brake line are pre-emptively offset, which solves the core defect of the traditional braking system that compresses the gap first and then builds up pressure when the pedal is lightly pressed. This allows the braking pressure to be built up quickly at the initial stage of pedal pressing, shortening the braking response delay from 0.3-0.5 seconds to near instantaneous, effectively avoiding the risk of coasting caused by braking lag under low-speed conditions, and significantly improving driving safety. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circular rod structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-pressure compensation component of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide sleeve structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the preloaded spring structure of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Disc brake assembly; 3. Disc brake cylinder; 4. Preload compensation assembly; 401. Mounting plate; 402. Guide telescopic rod; 403. Round plate; 404. Adjusting nut; 405. Guide sleeve; 406. Brake push rod; 407. External thread; 408. Preload spring; 5. Wheel; 6. Mounting bracket; 7. Round rod; 8. Foot brake lever; 9. Cylinder push rod; 10. Limiting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-5 As shown, the anti-lock braking system (ABS) for electric tricycles includes a frame 1, a disc brake component 2, a disc brake cylinder 3, and a preload compensation component 4. A wheel 5 is mounted on one end of the frame 1, a mounting bracket 6 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the frame 1, a round rod 7 is fixedly mounted between the mounting brackets 6, a foot brake lever 8 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the round rod 7, and a pedal is fixedly mounted on one end of the foot brake lever 8. Disc brake component 2 is installed at one end of wheel 5; The disc brake cylinder 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of the frame 1. The disc brake cylinder 3 is connected to the disc brake component 2 through a hydraulic oil line. One end of the disc brake cylinder 3 is provided with a cylinder push rod 9. One end of the cylinder push rod 9 is provided with an installation groove. A limit ring 10 is fixedly installed in the installation groove. The limit ring 10 is an elastic ring made of 65Mn spring steel. like Figure 3 As shown, the pre-stress compensation component 4 includes: Mounting plate 401 is hinged to the outside of round rod 7. One end of mounting plate 401 has a circular groove in a circumferential array. Guide telescopic rod 402 is fixedly installed in the circular groove. A circular plate 403 is fixedly installed at the free end of guide telescopic rod 402. Three guide telescopic rods 402 are provided. The adjusting nut 404 is rotatably mounted on one end of the circular plate 403 via a plane bearing. The adjusting nut 404 is made of brass and has a knurled structure on the outside. Guide sleeve 405 is inserted into one end of disc brake cylinder 3. One end of guide sleeve 405 is in contact with limit ring 10. Guide sleeve 405 is made of engineering plastic. Brake rod 406 is inserted into the inner side of guide sleeve 405. One end of brake rod 406 has an external thread 407 that meshes with the internal thread of adjusting nut 404. One end of brake rod 406 is in contact with limit ring 10. The preload spring 408 is sleeved on the outside of the brake push rod 406. One end of the preload spring 408 is rotatably connected to the adjusting nut 404, and the other end of the preload spring 408 is in contact with the limit retaining ring 10. The preload spring 408 is made of 304 stainless steel.

[0023] During use, after the device is assembled, the operator can adjust the knurled structure on the outside of the adjusting nut 404 (to increase hand friction and facilitate manual adjustment) and rotate the adjusting nut 404 to generate a controllable compression amount for the preload spring 408 sleeved on the outside of the brake push rod 406. The initial compression amount is 5-8mm, eventually forming a constant preload force of 0.3-0.5MPa. The preload spring 408 is made of 304 stainless steel, possessing excellent corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, maintaining long-term preload stability and preventing springback due to aging. The elastic force of the preload spring 408 is transmitted axially and rigidly engages with the retaining ring 10 in the mounting groove of the cylinder push rod 9, directly transmitting the preload force to the retaining ring 10. The retaining ring 10 is made of 65Mn spring steel and is an elastic retaining ring structure. During installation, it elastically deforms and engages with the mounting groove of the cylinder push rod 9, ensuring a secure assembly and synchronous movement with the cylinder push rod 9. Under the action of preload, the limiting retaining ring 10 pushes the cylinder push rod 9 to move slowly into the disc brake cylinder 3 until it drives the master cylinder piston forward to reach a state of equilibrium with the initial pressure of the brake fluid. During this process, the assembly gap (usually 0.1-0.2mm) between the brake master cylinder piston and the brake fluid, as well as the trace air gap remaining in the brake line, are completely eliminated, and the brake fluid is in a slightly pressurized "energy storage state". At the same time, the three guide telescopic rods 402 arranged in a circumferential array form a three-point radial constraint on the circular plate 403. Together with the guide sleeve 405 made of engineering plastic material, it provides a wrapping guide for the brake push rod 406, ensuring that the preload spring 408 and the brake push rod 406 always move axially, avoiding the preload spring 408 from bending due to off-center load, and further ensuring the stability of the preload transmission.

[0024] When the driver or passenger depresses the pedal at the end of the foot brake lever 8, the foot brake lever 8 rotates around the circular rod 7 fixed between the mounting brackets 6 in a lever-like manner. Its rotational torque is transmitted through the hinge point to the mounting plate 401 sleeved on the outside of the circular rod 7, causing the mounting plate 401 to swing synchronously towards the disc brake cylinder 3. During the swing, the guide telescopic rod 402 is pushed to extend axially, which in turn causes the circular plate 403 at the free end of the guide telescopic rod 402 to move linearly. The circular plate 403 drives the adjusting nut 404 to move forward synchronously through the plane bearing, pushing the preload spring 408 to be further compressed in the initial preload state. The superimposed axial force is transmitted to the limiting retaining ring 10 through the brake push rod 406. The limiting retaining ring 10 evenly distributes the concentrated force to the end face of the cylinder push rod 9, pushing the master cylinder piston to squeeze the brake fluid in the disc brake cylinder 3 at high speed, instantly establishing a high pressure (usually 0.8-1.2MPa) to meet the braking requirements, completely solving the lag problem of the traditional braking system of "eliminating gaps first and then building pressure". High-pressure brake fluid is rapidly delivered to the disc brake component 2 at one end of the wheel 5 through a sealed hydraulic oil line, driving the brake pads inside the disc brake component 2 to clamp the brake disc radially, generating friction to decelerate the vehicle.

[0025] After the driver releases the brake pedal, the foot brake lever 8 rotates in the opposite direction under the elastic force of its built-in return spring. This causes the hinged mounting plate 401 to swing away from the disc brake cylinder, simultaneously pulling the circular plate 403 and adjusting nut 404 back to their initial positions. At the same time, the master cylinder return spring inside the disc brake cylinder 3 generates a reverse thrust, pushing the master cylinder piston outward. This causes the cylinder push rod 9 and the limiting retaining ring 10 in the mounting groove to reset simultaneously. The limiting retaining ring 10 and the end face of the preload spring 408 form a tight fit again, with no gaps remaining. All components ultimately return precisely to their initial positions in the normal standby stage. The preload spring 408 maintains a constant preload force, and the gaps between the brake master cylinder piston and the brake fluid and brake lines are completely eliminated again. The entire braking system returns to its "energy storage and standby" state, ready for immediate response to the next brake trigger.

[0026] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An anti-lock braking system (ABS) for electric tricycles, characterized in that: Includes frame (1), disc brake assembly (2), disc brake cylinder (3) and preload compensation assembly (4); One end of the frame (1) is equipped with a wheel (5), and a mounting bracket (6) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the frame (1). A round rod (7) is fixedly installed between the mounting brackets (6), and a foot brake rod (8) is fixedly installed on the outside of the round rod (7). The disc brake component (2) is installed at one end of the wheel (5); The disc brake cylinder (3) is fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of the frame (1). The disc brake cylinder (3) is connected to the disc brake component (2) through a hydraulic oil line. One end of the disc brake cylinder (3) is provided with a cylinder push rod (9). One end of the cylinder push rod (9) is provided with an installation groove. A limit ring (10) is fixedly installed in the installation groove. The pre-stress compensation component (4) includes: Mounting plate (401) is hinged to the outside of the round rod (7). One end of the mounting plate (401) has a circular groove arranged in a circumferential array. A guide telescopic rod (402) is fixedly installed in the circular groove. A circular plate (403) is fixedly installed at the free end of the guide telescopic rod (402). An adjusting nut (404) is rotatably mounted at one end of the circular plate (403) via a plane bearing; A guide sleeve (405) is inserted into one end of the disc brake cylinder (3), and one end of the guide sleeve (405) is in contact with the limiting retaining ring (10); A brake rod (406) is inserted into the inside of the guide sleeve (405). One end of the brake rod (406) is provided with an external thread (407) that meshes with the internal thread of the adjusting nut (404). One end of the brake rod (406) is in contact with the limiting retaining ring (10). A preload spring (408) is sleeved on the outside of the brake rod (406). One end of the preload spring (408) is rotatably connected to the adjusting nut (404), and the other end of the preload spring (408) is in contact with the limiting retaining ring (10).

2. The anti-lock braking system (ABS) for electric tricycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pedal is fixedly installed at one end of the foot brake lever (8).

3. The anti-lock braking system (ABS) for electric tricycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preloaded spring (408) is made of 304 stainless steel.

4. The anti-lock braking system (ABS) for electric tricycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting nut (404) is made of brass.

5. The anti-lock braking system (ABS) for electric tricycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the adjusting nut (404) has a knurled structure.

6. The anti-lock braking system (ABS) for electric tricycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide sleeve (405) is made of engineering plastic.

7. The anti-lock braking system (ABS) for electric tricycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting retaining ring (10) is an elastic retaining ring made of 65Mn spring steel.

8. The anti-lock braking system (ABS) for electric tricycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three guide telescopic rods (402) are provided.

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