A bidirectional anti-collision device for mining hoists

Abstract

This utility model discloses a bidirectional anti-collision device for a mine hoist, comprising: an alarm unit installed in the hoist room, the alarm unit including an audible and visual alarm and a first contactor and a second contactor for controlling the on / off state of the audible and visual alarm; a first depth switch installed on the main lead screw of the depth indicator and a second depth switch installed on the auxiliary lead screw of the depth indicator, the first depth switch and the second depth switch respectively cooperating with cam plates set on the corresponding lead screws; a first vehicle sensing switch installed on the main track above the bottom turnout, the first vehicle sensing switch being used to sense the axle of the vehicle on the main track; and a second vehicle sensing switch installed on the auxiliary track above the bottom turnout, the second vehicle sensing switch being used to sense the axle of the vehicle on the auxiliary track. This device monitors the running trajectory of the main and auxiliary vehicles in real time. When a vehicle is detected to have mistakenly traveled onto the same track, an alarm signal is immediately issued and emergency braking is triggered, providing reliable safety assurance for mine hoisting operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of mine safety equipment, and in particular relates to a bidirectional anti-collision device for a mine hoist. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in coal mine vertical shaft transportation systems, the twin-drum hoist achieves simultaneous bidirectional operation through two independent hoisting systems (main and auxiliary), significantly improving the overall transportation efficiency of the mine, effectively alleviating hoisting pressure, and optimizing resource allocation. In the bottom area of ​​the shaft, to accommodate the bidirectional operation of the twin-drum hoist, a track layout that changes from four tracks to two tracks is typically adopted. A switch device enables the switching between the main and auxiliary tracks, ensuring the safe operation of the main and auxiliary vehicles on their respective tracks.

[0003] In related technologies, the twin-drum hoist system presents significant safety hazards in actual operation. The switching operation of the bottom switch is typically performed manually via a pneumatic control box. Operators need to manually adjust the valves and signals in the control box to achieve track changes. During this process, if operator errors occur, such as incorrect control commands, disordered operation sequences, or the switch not returning to its original position in time, the main and auxiliary vehicles may mistakenly merge onto the same track. Because the main and auxiliary ropes of the twin-drum hoist operate simultaneously, if two vehicles travel on the same track in opposite directions, a serious collision is highly likely, causing casualties, equipment damage, and even significant economic losses such as mine shutdown. Current hoist safety protection systems mainly monitor routine faults such as overwind and overspeed, lacking a dedicated detection and early warning mechanism for the specific risk of vehicles mistakenly entering the same track, thus failing to detect abnormalities and take effective measures in time before a collision occurs.

[0004] Therefore, how to design an anti-collision device for the bidirectional operation characteristics of a twin-drum hoist that can monitor the running trajectory of the main and auxiliary vehicles in real time, and immediately issue an alarm signal and trigger emergency braking when the vehicles are detected to have traveled onto the same track due to misoperation, thereby fundamentally preventing collision accidents and providing reliable safety assurance for mine hoisting operations, is a key issue of concern to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a bidirectional anti-collision device for mine hoists, which can monitor the running trajectory of the main and auxiliary vehicles in real time. When it is detected that the vehicles have traveled to the same track due to misoperation, an alarm signal is immediately issued and emergency braking is triggered, fundamentally preventing the occurrence of collision accidents and providing reliable safety protection for mine hoisting operations.

[0006] To achieve the purpose of this utility model, the following technical solution is adopted: a bidirectional anti-collision device for a mine hoist, comprising: An alarm unit installed in the hoist room includes an audible and visual alarm and a first contactor and a second contactor for controlling the on / off state of the audible and visual alarm. A first depth switch is installed on the main lead screw of the depth indicator and a second depth switch is installed on the auxiliary lead screw of the depth indicator. The first depth switch and the second depth switch are respectively matched with cam plates on the corresponding lead screws. The first vehicle sensing switch is installed on the main track above the turnout at the bottom of the well. The first vehicle sensing switch is used to sense the wheel axle of the vehicle on the main track. The second vehicle sensing switch is installed on the secondary track above the turnout at the bottom of the well. The second vehicle sensing switch is used to sense the wheel axle of the vehicle on the secondary track. The first depth switch is connected in series with the first vehicle sensor switch and then connected to the coil of the first contactor. The second depth switch is connected in series with the second vehicle sensor switch and then connected to the coil of the second contactor. The main contacts of the first and second contactors respectively control the power supply of the audible and visual alarm.

[0007] Optionally, the length of the cam plate is set such that the corresponding depth switch remains closed when the vehicle is within a preset area.

[0008] Optionally, the first vehicle sensor switch and the second vehicle sensor switch are fixed to the side of the corresponding track by a mounting bracket, the mounting bracket aligning the trigger position of the sensor switch with the center of the vehicle wheel axle.

[0009] Optionally, both the first and second contactors are provided with auxiliary contacts, which are connected in parallel with the coils of the corresponding contactors to form a self-locking circuit.

[0010] Optionally, the audible and visual alarm includes a warning light and an alarm bell, wherein the warning light is a flashing red light.

[0011] Optionally, the device is powered by a 127V three-phase AC power supply, and the operating voltage of the first contactor, the second contactor, and the audible and visual alarm is AC127V.

[0012] Optionally, both the first depth switch and the second depth switch are LX19-111 type limit switches, and both the first vehicle sensing switch and the second vehicle sensing switch are YBLX-K1 / 511 type limit switches.

[0013] Optionally, the first vehicle sensor switch and the second vehicle sensor switch are installed on the main and auxiliary tracks 10 meters above the bottom turnout of the well.

[0014] Optionally, the device further includes a brake triggering unit, which is electrically connected to the trigger signals of the first contactor and the second contactor, for triggering the emergency braking system of the hoist when an alarm is triggered.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: By installing depth switches and vehicle sensing switches on the depth indicator and the bottom track respectively, a dual detection mechanism is formed, which can accurately determine whether the vehicle has traveled to the wrong track due to switch misoperation. The depth switch, in conjunction with the cam plate, reflects the vehicle's lifting or lowering status in real time, while the vehicle sensing switch directly detects the vehicle's actual position on the main and auxiliary tracks. The two sets of switches are connected in series to form a logic judgment loop, triggering an alarm only when the vehicle's status and track position do not match, effectively avoiding false alarms. The contactor's self-locking design ensures continuous alarm signal output, preventing alarm interruption due to momentary switch action. The dual visual and auditory warning of the audible and visual alarm can raise the driver's alertness even in noisy underground environments, providing a reliable guarantee for timely stopping measures. The entire device has a simple structure, is easy to install and maintain, fundamentally eliminating the risk of collisions caused by human error in the bidirectional operation of twin-drum hoists, and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the mine hoisting system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A circuit diagram of a bidirectional anti-collision device for a mining hoist provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a bidirectional anti-collision device for a mining hoist provided in an embodiment of this application; In the diagram: Power supply - L1, L2, L3; main switch - QS; first contactor - KM1; second contactor - KM2; first depth switch - SQ1; second depth switch - SQ2; first vehicle sensor switch - SQ3; second vehicle sensor switch - SQ4; alarm units - HL1, HL2. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a bidirectional anti-collision device for mine hoists, which can monitor the running trajectory of the main and auxiliary vehicles in real time. When it is detected that the vehicles have traveled to the same track due to misoperation, an alarm signal is immediately issued and emergency braking is triggered, fundamentally preventing the occurrence of collision accidents and providing reliable safety protection for mine hoisting operations.

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments thereof: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a circuit diagram of a bidirectional anti-collision device for a mining hoist provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a bidirectional anti-collision device for a mining hoist provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] In this embodiment, the device may include: Alarm units HL1, HL2: The alarm unit is installed inside the hoist room, within the winch operator's line of sight. The alarm unit includes an audible and visual alarm, a first contactor KM1, and a second contactor KM2.

[0021] The audible and visual alarm includes a warning light and an alarm bell. The warning light is a flashing red light, operating at AC127V; the alarm bell also operates at AC127V. The first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 are both 10A AC127V specifications, used to control the power supply to the audible and visual alarm.

[0022] Both the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 are equipped with main contacts and auxiliary contacts. The main contacts are connected in series in the power supply circuit of the audible and visual alarm to control the power supply; the auxiliary contacts are connected in parallel with the coil of the corresponding contactor to form a self-locking circuit, ensuring that the contactor remains in the conducting state after being energized until it is manually reset.

[0023] Depth detection section: A first depth switch SQ1 is installed on the main leadscrew of the depth indicator, and a second depth switch SQ2 is installed on the auxiliary leadscrew. Both the first depth switch SQ1 and the second depth switch SQ2 are LX19-111 type limit switches.

[0024] Cam plates are fabricated and installed on the main and auxiliary lead screws respectively. The cam plates move with the lead screw rotation, and their length is designed based on the vehicle's positional shift during lifting or lowering. When the vehicle is within a preset danger zone, the cam plate contacts the corresponding depth switch, keeping it closed. The length design of the cam plate must consider the positional difference between loaded and empty vehicles, achieving precise compensation through mechanical adjustment.

[0025] Vehicle sensing components: Ten meters above the bottom turnout, a first vehicle proximity switch SQ3 is installed on the side of the main track, and a second vehicle proximity switch SQ4 is installed on the side of the auxiliary track. Both the first vehicle proximity switch SQ3 and the second vehicle proximity switch SQ4 are YBLX-K1 / 511 type limit switches.

[0026] To ensure accurate sensing of vehicle axles, a special mounting bracket is made to fix the inductive switch to the side of the track. The height and angle of the mounting bracket are precisely adjusted so that the trigger position of the inductive switch is aligned with the center of the vehicle axle. When a vehicle passes by, the axle touches the contact rod of the limit switch, triggering the switch to operate.

[0027] Electrical connections and working principle: The entire device is powered by a 127V three-phase AC power supply. The electrical connections are as follows: The first depth switch SQ1 is connected in series with the first vehicle sensing switch SQ3, and this series circuit is connected to the coil of the first contactor KM1. When SQ1 and SQ3 are closed simultaneously, the coil of KM1 is energized and attracted.

[0028] The second depth switch SQ2 is connected in series with the second vehicle sensing switch SQ4, and this series circuit is connected to the coil of the second contactor KM2. When SQ2 and SQ4 are closed simultaneously, the coil of KM2 is energized and attracted.

[0029] The main contacts of the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 respectively control the power supply of the audible and visual alarm. When either contactor is energized, its main contact closes, the audible and visual alarm is powered on and sounds an alarm; at the same time, the auxiliary contact forms a self-locking mechanism to maintain the alarm state.

[0030] Work process: During normal operation, assume the main rope is lowered and the auxiliary rope is raised. At this time, the main vehicle moves up and down on the main track, and the auxiliary vehicle is raised on the auxiliary track. When the auxiliary vehicle passes the second vehicle sensing switch SQ4, SQ4 closes; at this time, the first depth switch SQ1 closes due to the position of the cam plate. SQ1 and SQ3 are connected in series, not SQ1 and SQ4, therefore the KM1 coil is not energized. Similarly, SQ2 and SQ4 are connected in series, but SQ2 is not triggered by the cam plate at this time, therefore the KM2 coil is also not energized. The device does not generate an alarm, and the vehicle operates normally.

[0031] In an abnormal situation, suppose the auxiliary car mistakenly travels onto the main track due to a switch malfunction. At this time, the auxiliary rope is raised, and the cam plate on the depth indicator's main screw moves to the first depth switch SQ1 position, closing and maintaining SQ1's conductivity. When the auxiliary car travels upwards along the main track to a point 10 meters above the bottom switch, the vehicle's axle touches the first vehicle induction switch SQ3, closing it. Because the circuit connection is SQ1 and SQ3 in series, and the main rope is lowered at this time, causing SQ1 to also be closed, both SQ1 and SQ3 close simultaneously, energizing the KM1 coil.

[0032] After the KM1 contactor engages, the main contacts close to connect the power supply, and the audible and visual alarm immediately activates, with the alarm bell emitting a continuous alarm sound and the red warning light flashing. At the same time, the auxiliary contacts of the KM1 form a self-locking circuit, so even if the vehicle continues to move and causes the switch state to change, the alarm device remains operational, forcing the winch operator to stop and inspect.

[0033] Similarly, if the main vehicle travels to the secondary track due to misoperation, the second depth switch SQ2 and the second vehicle induction switch SQ4 will close simultaneously. However, due to the circuit design, SQ2 and SQ4 should be connected in series to energize KM2 and trigger the alarm.

[0034] Through the above mechanism, the device can issue an alarm in time when vehicles mistakenly enter the same track, thus avoiding collision accidents.

[0035] In summary, this embodiment establishes a dual detection mechanism by installing a depth switch and a vehicle sensing switch on the depth indicator and the bottom track, respectively. This mechanism accurately determines whether a vehicle has traveled to the wrong track due to switch malfunction. The depth switch, in conjunction with the cam plate, reflects the vehicle's lifting or lowering status in real time, while the vehicle sensing switch directly detects the vehicle's actual position on the main and auxiliary tracks. The two sets of switches are connected in series to form a logic judgment loop, triggering an alarm only when the vehicle's status and track position do not match, effectively avoiding false alarms. The contactor's self-locking design ensures continuous alarm signal output, preventing alarm interruption due to momentary switch action. The dual audio-visual alarm provides high alertness for the driver, even in noisy underground environments, ensuring timely stop measures. The entire device is simple in structure, easy to install, and convenient to maintain. It fundamentally eliminates the risk of collisions caused by human error during bidirectional operation of twin-drum hoists, significantly improving the safety and reliability of mine hoisting systems.

[0036] Furthermore, in another specific embodiment, a braking triggering unit is added.

[0037] The braking trigger unit is electrically connected to the trigger signals of the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2. Specifically, the input terminal of the braking trigger unit is connected in parallel to the coil energization circuit of KM1 and KM2. When either contactor coil is energized, the braking trigger unit synchronously receives the trigger signal.

[0038] The output of the brake trigger unit is connected to the hoist's emergency braking system. Upon receiving a trigger signal, the brake trigger unit immediately sends a braking command to the emergency braking system, forcing the hoist to stop. The emergency braking system can employ an electromagnetic brake or a hydraulic brake device, with a response time of less than 1 second, ensuring the hoist stops within the shortest possible distance.

[0039] By adding a braking trigger unit, this embodiment not only provides audible and visual alarms but also automatically triggers emergency braking, further enhancing safety capabilities. Even in noisy conditions or when the driver is distracted, the device can prevent accidents through forced braking.

[0040] Furthermore, in another specific embodiment, this embodiment, which is for a large hoist system, expands upon the configuration of the first embodiment.

[0041] Considering that the shaft depth of large mines can reach over 800 meters and the vehicle travels long distances, two sets of vehicle sensing switches are installed above the turnouts at the bottom of the mine to improve detection reliability. The first set is located 10 meters above the turnouts, and the second set is located 15 meters above them. The two sets of switches are connected using OR logic; if either set detects a vehicle axle, the corresponding circuit is triggered.

[0042] In addition, the audible and visual alarm has been equipped with a backup power module. The backup power uses a 24V battery pack with a capacity of 20Ah, which is converted to 127V AC power via a DC / AC inverter. In the event of a main power failure, the backup power automatically switches on to ensure the alarm system continues to operate.

[0043] Regarding cable laying, the total length of the cable from the bottom of the shaft to the hoisting room is approximately 1300 meters, using 3×2.5+1 specification mining flame-retardant cables. Eleven JHH-4 type junction boxes are installed along the route for cable splicing and branching connections, ensuring the reliability of electrical connections and facilitating maintenance.

[0044] This embodiment further enhances the reliability and continuous operation capability of the device under complex working conditions through redundant configuration and backup power supply design, making it suitable for large-scale coal mine hoisting systems with high safety requirements.

[0045] The above description of the embodiments is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present utility model.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model based on the technical solution and its improved concept should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A bidirectional anti-collision device for a mining hoist, characterized in that, include: An alarm unit installed in the hoist room includes an audible and visual alarm and a first contactor and a second contactor for controlling the on / off state of the audible and visual alarm. A first depth switch is installed on the main lead screw of the depth indicator and a second depth switch is installed on the auxiliary lead screw of the depth indicator. The first depth switch and the second depth switch are respectively matched with cam plates on the corresponding lead screws. The first vehicle sensing switch is installed on the main track above the turnout at the bottom of the well. The first vehicle sensing switch is used to sense the wheel axle of the vehicle on the main track. The second vehicle sensing switch is installed on the secondary track above the turnout at the bottom of the well. The second vehicle sensing switch is used to sense the wheel axle of the vehicle on the secondary track. The first depth switch is connected in series with the first vehicle sensor switch and then connected to the coil of the first contactor. The second depth switch is connected in series with the second vehicle sensor switch and then connected to the coil of the second contactor. The main contacts of the first and second contactors respectively control the power supply of the audible and visual alarm.

2. The anti-collision device for bidirectional operation of a mine hoist according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the cam plate is set so that the corresponding depth switch remains closed when the vehicle is within a preset area.

3. The anti-collision device for bidirectional operation of a mine hoist according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first vehicle sensor switch and the second vehicle sensor switch are fixed to the side of the corresponding track by a mounting bracket, which aligns the trigger position of the sensor switch with the center of the vehicle wheel axle.

4. The anti-collision device for bidirectional operation of a mine hoist according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first and second contactors are provided with auxiliary contacts, which are connected in parallel with the coils of the corresponding contactors to form a self-locking circuit.

5. The anti-collision device for bidirectional operation of a mine hoist according to claim 4, characterized in that, The audible and visual alarm includes a warning light and an alarm bell, and the warning light is a red flashing light.

6. The anti-collision device for bidirectional operation of a mine hoist according to claim 5, characterized in that, The device is powered by a 127V three-phase AC power supply, and the operating voltage of the first contactor, the second contactor, and the audible and visual alarm is AC127V.

7. The anti-collision device for bidirectional operation of a mine hoist according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first depth switch and the second depth switch are LX19-111 type limit switches, and both the first vehicle sensing switch and the second vehicle sensing switch are YBLX-K1 / 511 type limit switches.

8. The anti-collision device for bidirectional operation of a mine hoist according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first vehicle sensor switch and the second vehicle sensor switch are installed on the main and auxiliary tracks 10 meters above the bottom turnout of the well.

9. The anti-collision device for bidirectional operation of a mine hoist according to claim 8, characterized in that, The device further includes a brake triggering unit, which is electrically connected to the trigger signals of the first contactor and the second contactor, and is used to trigger the emergency braking system of the hoist when an alarm is triggered.

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