A vertical pyrolysis furnace

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of pyrolysis furnace technology, and discloses a vertical pyrolysis furnace, including several baskets stacked sequentially inside the furnace; several flue gas guide pipes arranged vertically along the outer circumference of the baskets, connected to a first flue gas outlet; a central pipe located at the center of the baskets, connected to a second flue gas outlet; supporting walls located at the bottom of the furnace, forming flue gas channels between them; and a cooling assembly with its supply and inlet ends connected to the inlet, the first flue gas outlet, and the second flue gas outlet, respectively, for cooling the interior of the furnace. The supporting walls, with flue gas channels between them, allow hot gas entering the inlet to spiral upwards. This spiraling flue gas then enters the flue gas guide pipes and the central pipe, heating the material inside the baskets and facilitating the carbonization process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pyrolysis furnace technology, and more specifically, to a vertical pyrolysis furnace. Background Technology

[0002] A vertical pyrolysis furnace is a device that converts wood sticks into charcoal through a high-temperature pyrolysis process, while simultaneously recovering byproducts such as wood vinegar and wood tar. Its carbonization principle is based on biomass pyrolysis: in an oxygen-isolated or low-oxygen environment, the organic components in the wood sticks, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, undergo decomposition through heating, resulting in chemical reactions such as dehydration, decarboxylation, and pyrolysis, ultimately producing solid charcoal, liquid wood vinegar, wood tar, and gaseous combustible gas.

[0003] Traditional vertical carbonization furnaces have limitations in temperature control: if direct heating is used, it is easy to cause excessive or insufficient carbonization of the wood rods, affecting the quality of the charcoal, such as calorific value and carbon content; if indirect heating is used, there are problems such as low heat transfer efficiency and high energy consumption, such as the drying stage requiring more than 3 hours, and the energy consumption of the carbonization stage reaching 2-3 kWh / kg of raw material.

[0004] To address the problems of low by-product recovery efficiency and high energy consumption in existing vertical carbonization furnaces during the carbonization of wood rods, this application proposes a vertical pyrolysis furnace that integrates condensation recovery and energy recycling. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical pyrolysis furnace to solve the problems existing in the prior art. This invention is provided with supporting walls, and flue gas channels are formed between the supporting walls, so that the hot gas entering the air inlet spirals upward. The spirally rising flue gas enters the flue gas guide pipe and the intermediate pipe respectively, which can heat the material in the basket and facilitate the carbonization process of the material in the basket.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides a vertical pyrolysis furnace, comprising: a plurality of frame baskets, which are stacked sequentially inside the vertical pyrolysis furnace; a plurality of flue gas guide pipes, which are vertically arranged along the outer circumference of the frame baskets to provide heat to the furnace body or reduce the temperature inside the furnace body, and the flue gas guide pipes are connected to a first flue gas outlet; an intermediate pipe, which is located at the center of the frame baskets to discharge the carbonized products of the wood rods and to assist in raising or lowering the temperature inside the furnace body, and the intermediate pipe is connected to a second flue gas outlet; a supporting wall, which is located at the bottom of the vertical pyrolysis furnace and supports the frame baskets, and forms a flue gas channel between the supporting walls; and a cooling assembly, whose gas supply end and gas inlet end are respectively connected to the gas inlet and the first and second flue gas outlets, for cooling the inside of the vertical pyrolysis furnace.

[0007] According to the present invention, a vertical pyrolysis furnace is provided, wherein the supporting wall includes a first supporting wall and a second supporting wall. The first supporting wall has a ring structure located on the outside, and the second supporting wall has a J-shaped structure. One end of the second supporting wall is fixedly connected to the first supporting wall, and the second supporting wall is located inside the first supporting wall. The flue gas channel is formed between the first supporting wall and the second supporting wall.

[0008] According to the present invention, a vertical pyrolysis furnace is provided, wherein the air inlet is located below the vertical pyrolysis furnace and is connected to the flue gas passage.

[0009] According to the present invention, a vertical pyrolysis furnace is provided, wherein the cooling assembly includes a cooling gas supply pipe, a cooling fan, a cooler, and a cooling gas inlet pipe. The cooling gas supply pipe is connected to the air inlet, and the other end of the cooling gas supply pipe is connected to the cooling fan. One end of the cooling gas inlet pipe is connected to the first flue gas outlet and the second flue gas outlet, respectively, and the other end is connected to the cooler.

[0010] According to the present invention, a vertical pyrolysis furnace also includes a cover, which is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body by a locking member.

[0011] According to the present invention, a vertical pyrolysis furnace is provided, wherein a lifting lug is fixedly connected to the cover, and a pressure sensor interface is provided on the cover.

[0012] According to the present invention, a vertical pyrolysis furnace is provided, wherein the furnace body is fixed to the base plate by fasteners.

[0013] According to the present invention, a vertical pyrolysis furnace is provided with an oxygen sensor interface on the top of the furnace body, and a pressure sensor interface and a temperature sensor interface are also provided on the furnace body.

[0014] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0015] In this invention, the flue gas guide pipe is arranged vertically along the outer circumference of the frame basket and is connected to the first flue gas outlet. After the high-temperature flue gas rises through the spiral flue gas channel, it enters the flue gas guide pipe, forming a thermal barrier around the outer side of the frame basket. Since the flue gas guide pipe adopts an indirect heating method and the furnace maintains a low-oxygen environment, the external flue gas guide pipe area can achieve oxygen-isolated carbonization conditions, avoiding combustion or local oxidation caused by direct contact between the wood sticks and oxygen, improving the purity of by-products. The oxygen-isolated environment reduces the oxidative decomposition of wood vinegar and wood tar vapors. After three-stage condensation, the recovery rate of wood vinegar is improved, and the content of phenolic substances in the tar is increased, which can be directly used as agricultural or industrial raw materials.

[0016] The intermediate pipe is located in the center of the basket and is connected to the second flue gas outlet. By adjusting the high-temperature flue gas flow rate of the intermediate pipe, the oxygen content in the central area of ​​the basket can be precisely controlled. This area adopts a micro-oxygen pyrolysis mechanism, which uses inert gases such as CO2 generated by the pyrolysis of wood sticks to undergo a weak oxidation reaction with a controllable amount of oxygen, promoting lignin decomposition while avoiding violent combustion. The oxygen control process uses the gas produced by pyrolysis to regulate the atmosphere, reducing the input of external energy. The energy consumption in the carbonization stage is lower than that of traditional equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling component in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of the entire utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the furnace bottom of this utility model;

[0022] The components are as follows: 1. Furnace bottom ring plate; 2. Furnace body; 3. Cover; 4. Frame basket; 5. Locking parts; 6. Pressure sensor interface; 7. Temperature sensor interface; 8. Oxygen sensor interface; 9. Fixing parts; 10. Intermediate pipe; 11. Supporting wall; 1101. First supporting wall; 1102. Second supporting wall; 12. Insulation layer; 13. First flue gas outlet; 14. Cover gas concentrator; 15. Lifting lug; 16. Second flue gas outlet; 17. Flue gas guide pipe; 18. Air inlet; 19. Cooling gas supply pipe; 20. Cooling fan; 21. Cooler; 22. Cooling gas inlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this utility model provides a vertical pyrolysis furnace, comprising: a plurality of baskets 4, which are stacked sequentially inside the vertical pyrolysis furnace; a plurality of flue gas guide pipes 17, which are vertically arranged along the outer circumference of the baskets 4 to provide heat or reduce temperature, and the flue gas guide pipes 17 are connected to a first flue gas outlet 13; an intermediate pipe 10, which is located at the center of the baskets 4 and is connected to a second flue gas outlet 16; a supporting wall 11, which is located at the bottom inside the vertical pyrolysis furnace and supports the baskets 4, forming a flue gas channel between the supporting walls 11; and a cooling assembly, whose gas supply end and gas inlet end are respectively connected to the gas inlet 18 and the first flue gas outlet 13 and the second flue gas outlet 16 to cool the inside of the vertical pyrolysis furnace.

[0026] A furnace bottom ring plate 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the furnace body 2. The furnace bottom ring plate 1 is installed on the base plate via a fastener 9. A cover 3 is provided on the top of the furnace body 2. The cover 3 is sealed to the furnace body 2 via a locking component 5. The cover 3 is equipped with a lifting lug 15 and a pressure sensor interface 6. A temperature sensor interface 7 and an oxygen sensor interface 8 are provided on the side wall of the furnace body 2. A gas-gathering cover hood 14 is provided below the cover 3 to optimize gas collection efficiency. The fastener 9 is an anchor bracket, which is composed of a stiffening plate, a cover plate, and a pad welded together. It fixes the furnace bottom ring plate 1 to the base plate, thereby fixing the furnace body 2. The locking component 5 includes a flange for the cover 3 and a connecting flange for the furnace body 2. The cover 3 is fixedly connected to the furnace body 2 via the flange. The lifting lug 15 on the cover 3 facilitates the installation and removal of the cover 3. The pressure sensor interface 6 facilitates the connection of a pressure sensor to monitor the pressure inside the furnace. The temperature sensor interface 7 facilitates the connection of a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature inside the furnace. The oxygen sensor interface 8 facilitates the connection of an oxygen sensor to monitor the oxygen content inside the furnace.

[0027] The furnace body 2 is provided with an internal insulation layer 12. The internal insulation layer 12 includes a refractory aggregate soil layer, insulation nails, blackboard board and aluminum silicate salt cotton board. The internal insulation layer 12 can prevent the heat from spreading inside the furnace and reduce heat loss.

[0028] A support wall 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace. The support wall 11 includes a first annular support wall 1101 and a second J-shaped support wall 1102. The second support wall 1102 is located inside the first support wall 1101, forming a flue gas passage between them. The flue gas passage is connected to the air inlet 18, and the flue gas enters the flue gas passage through the air inlet 18 and rises spirally along the flue gas passage. The support wall 11 is composed of refractory bricks, which has the advantage of high temperature resistance.

[0029] Several baskets 4 are stacked inside the furnace. The top of the basket 4 is provided with an annular groove and the bottom is provided with a protrusion. The protrusion at the bottom of the basket 4 is inserted into the groove of the basket 4 below to ensure that the baskets 4 can be stacked vertically. Flue gas guide pipes 17 are arranged vertically around the outer periphery of the basket 4. The flue gas guide pipes 17 are connected to the first flue gas outlet 13. A middle pipe 10 is provided in the center of the basket 4. The middle pipe is connected to the second flue gas outlet 16. High-temperature flue gas enters the flue gas channel from the air inlet 18, spirals upward and then flows into the flue gas guide pipe 17 and the middle pipe 10, indirectly heating the wooden rods inside the basket 4. One end of the air inlet 18 is connected to a hot air furnace, and the other end is connected to the flue gas channel of the vertical pyrolysis furnace. Most of the high-temperature flue gas entering the hot air furnace enters the flue gas guide pipe 17 in the vertical pyrolysis furnace to exchange heat with the frame 4 from both sides of the frame 4, without directly contacting the wood rods, thus achieving oxygen-free carbonization of the wood rods. The gas after heat exchange in the furnace gathers into the flue gas pipe, which is connected to the first flue gas outlet 13. The gas after heat exchange is discharged from the furnace body 2 through the first flue gas outlet 13. Another part of the high-temperature flue gas enters the intermediate pipe 10. The flow rate and velocity of the high-temperature flue gas in the intermediate pipe 10 are controlled by valves to achieve oxygen-controlled carbonization of the wood rods. The process gases wood vinegar, wood tar vapor, and a small amount of high-temperature flue gas that entered from the intermediate pipe 10 after heat exchange are discharged from the furnace body 2 through the second flue gas outlet 16.

[0030] After the carbonization process of the wood sticks is completed, a cooling assembly is needed to cool the interior of the furnace body 2. The cooling assembly includes a cooling gas supply pipe 19, a cooling fan 20, a cooler 21, and a cooling gas inlet pipe 22. One end of the cooling gas supply pipe 19 is connected to the air inlet 18, and the other end is connected to the cooler 21 via the cooling fan 20. One end of the cooling gas inlet pipe 22 is connected to the first flue gas outlet 13 and the second flue gas outlet 16, and the other end is connected to the cooler 21, forming a "flue gas discharge-cooling-reinjection" cooling cycle. The cooling gas passes through... Cooling air is delivered by cooling fan 20 to air inlet 18 and then into furnace body 2. The cooling air inside furnace body 2 is divided into two parts, which cool the inside of furnace body 2 from bottom to top through flue gas guide pipe 17 and intermediate pipe 10 respectively. Then it is discharged from furnace body 2 through first flue gas outlet 13 and second flue gas outlet 16 respectively. Since the first flue gas outlet 13 and second flue gas outlet 16 are connected to cooling air inlet pipe 22, the gas discharged from furnace body 2 continues to enter cooler 21 for cooling, and cool air is formed again, realizing the recycling of cooling air.

[0031] Working principle: High-temperature flue gas, 150-200℃ during the drying stage and 500-550℃ during the carbonization stage, enters the flue gas channel through the inlet 18 and rises along the spiral path formed by the first support wall 1101 and the second support wall 1102. Part of the flue gas enters the flue gas guide pipe 17 and surrounds the outside of the heating basket 4, while the other part is heated from the center of the basket 4 through the intermediate pipe 10, achieving uniform indirect heating of the wood sticks. The process gases wood vinegar, wood tar vapor, and part of the high-temperature flue gas from the intermediate pipe 10 generated by pyrolysis are discharged from the second flue gas outlet 16. After carbonization is completed, the cooling component is activated. Low-temperature gas enters the inlet 18 through the cooling gas supply pipe 19 and flows into the flue gas guide pipe 17 and the intermediate pipe 10 to exchange heat and cool the charcoal in the basket 4. The cooled hot gas is discharged through the first flue gas outlet 13 and the second flue gas outlet 16 and circulates to the cooler 21 for further cooling until the charcoal temperature drops below 60℃.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0033] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical pyrolysis furnace, characterized in that, include: Several baskets (4) are stacked sequentially inside the vertical pyrolysis furnace; A plurality of flue gas guide pipes (17) are arranged vertically along the outer circumference of the frame (4) to provide heat to the interior of the furnace body (2) or to reduce the temperature inside the furnace body (2). The flue gas guide pipes (17) are connected to the first flue gas outlet (13). The intermediate pipe (10) is located at the center of the basket (4) and is used to discharge the carbonization products of the wood rods and to help increase or decrease the temperature inside the furnace body (2). The intermediate pipe (10) is connected to the second flue gas outlet (16). Supporting wall (11), the supporting wall (11) is located at the bottom of the vertical pyrolysis furnace, the supporting wall (11) supports the frame basket (4), and flue gas passage is formed between the supporting walls (11); The cooling assembly has its gas supply end and gas inlet end connected to the gas inlet (18), the first flue gas outlet (13), and the second flue gas outlet (16), respectively, for cooling the interior of the vertical pyrolysis furnace.

2. The vertical pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting wall (11) includes a first supporting wall (1101) and a second supporting wall (1102). The first supporting wall (1101) has a ring structure located on the outside, and the second supporting wall (1102) has a J-shaped structure. One end of the second supporting wall (1102) is fixedly connected to the first supporting wall (1101). The second supporting wall (1102) is located inside the first supporting wall (1101), and the flue gas passage is formed between the first supporting wall (1101) and the second supporting wall (1102).

3. The vertical pyrolysis furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet (18) is located below the vertical pyrolysis furnace and is connected to the flue gas passage.

4. The vertical pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling assembly includes a cooling gas supply pipe (19), a cooling fan (20), a cooler (21), and a cooling gas inlet pipe (22). The cooling gas supply pipe (19) is connected to the air inlet (18), and the other end of the cooling gas supply pipe (19) is connected to the cooling fan (20). One end of the cooling gas inlet pipe (22) is connected to the first flue gas outlet (13) and the second flue gas outlet (16), and the other end is connected to the cooler (21).

5. The vertical pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cover (3), which is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body (2) by a locking member (5).

6. The vertical pyrolysis furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cover (3) is fixedly connected to a lifting lug (15), and the cover (3) is provided with a pressure sensor interface (6).

7. The vertical pyrolysis furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The furnace body (2) is fixed to the base plate by fasteners (9).

8. The vertical pyrolysis furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The furnace body (2) is provided with an oxygen sensor interface (8) on the top, and a pressure sensor interface (6) and a temperature sensor interface (7) are also provided on the furnace body (2).

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