A sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device, including a tank, a stirring assembly, a filter press, and a sludge pump. The upper end of the tank is equipped with multiple leaching reaction tanks. The stirring assembly includes a motor, a stirring shaft, and a stirrer. The motor is located at the upper end of each leaching reaction tank, and the upper end of each stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. The stirring shafts rotatably extend into the leaching reaction tanks. The stirrers are fixed to the stirring shafts and rotate with them. The filter press and the sludge pump are located on one side of the tank. The lower end of the leaching reaction tank has a discharge port, which is connected to the inlet of the sludge pump via a pipeline. The filter press includes a frame, a hydraulic pressing mechanism, a push plate, a thrust plate, filter plates, filter cloth, and filter frames. This utility model's technical solution can enrich heavy metals such as iron, copper, nickel, and zinc in sludge, achieving resource recycling and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sludge treatment technology, and in particular to a sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, a large amount of low-grade heavy metal sludge is stockpiled in warehouses, resembling dormant resources. While a small amount of sludge with slightly higher metal content can be mixed with high-grade sludge, the difficulty in matching the two in terms of quantity and composition means that only a very small portion can be successfully blended to meet smelting standards and enter the smelting process. This situation leaves most sludge in a "waiting-to-work" state, and the resource conversion efficiency urgently needs improvement.

[0003] Sludge containing trace amounts of copper, nickel, and zinc has limited market value due to its low metal content, resulting in low trading prices and sometimes even higher disposal costs than profits. To achieve profitability, specialized separation and extraction technologies are needed to gradually enrich the heavy metals. Only when the metal concentration is increased to an economically viable level can the market price of the sludge be significantly increased, overcoming the cost constraints and achieving commercial sales and revenue growth. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device, comprising a tank, a stirring assembly, a filter press, and a sludge pump. The upper end of the tank is provided with multiple leaching reaction tanks for reacting sludge with reaction reagents. The stirring assembly includes a motor, a stirring shaft, and a stirrer. The motor is respectively located at the upper end of the leaching reaction tank. The upper end of the stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. The stirring shaft rotatably extends into the leaching reaction tank. The stirrer is fixed to the stirring shaft and rotates with it. The stirrer is used to stir the sludge solution and reaction reagents in the leaching reaction tank, ensuring thorough mixing and reaction. The filter press and sludge pump are respectively located on one side of the tank. The lower end of the leaching reaction tank has a discharge port, which is connected to the inlet of the sludge pump via a pipeline. The filter press includes a frame, a hydraulic pressing mechanism, a push plate, a thrust plate, a filter plate, a filter cloth, and a filter frame. The hydraulic pressing mechanism is located at... At one end of the frame, a push plate is slidably disposed at one end of the frame, and the push plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the push rod of the hydraulic clamping mechanism. A thrust plate is disposed at the other end of the frame. Filter plates and filter frames are alternately arranged between the push plate and the thrust plate. Grooves for filtrate to flow out are provided on both sides of the filter plates. Filter cloth is disposed on both side walls of the filter plates. The filter frames have a hollow structure, and the filter frames and two adjacent filter plates enclose a filter chamber. The upper surfaces of the filter frames and filter plates... The filter press has feed holes at both apex corners, which are connected to the filter chamber. The filter frame and filter plate have discharge holes at both bottom corners, which are connected to the discharge holes. The outer wall of the thrust plate has feed connectors and discharge connectors that are connected to the feed holes and discharge holes, respectively. The feed connectors are connected to the output port of the sludge pump through pipelines, and the discharge connectors are connected to the storage tank. The filter press is used to extract solids from the mixed liquid in the leaching reaction tank to achieve solid-liquid separation.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes an operating table, which is disposed at the upper end of the rear end wall of the tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the front end of the operating platform is provided with an inclined step, and both the step and the outer side wall of the operating platform are provided with guardrails.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a motor mounting bracket, which is respectively disposed at the upper end of the leaching reaction tank, and a motor mounting plate is provided at the lower end of the motor. The motor mounting plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the motor mounting bracket by bolts.

[0009] Furthermore, there are two stirrers, and the outer contour of each stirrer is a rectangular frame structure. The stirrers are arranged crosswise on the stirring shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes bearing seats, which are respectively disposed on the inner bottom wall of the leaching reaction tank. The bearing seats are provided with bearings, and the lower end of the stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the bearing. The stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the leaching reaction tank through the bearing seats.

[0011] Furthermore, a crossbeam is provided on both sides of the frame, and a support part is provided on both sides of the push plate, filter plate and filter frame, and the support parts are slidably connected to the upper end of the crossbeam.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes first movable casters, which are respectively disposed on the four bottom corners of the lower end of the frame.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a filter cake recovery tray, which is movably disposed at the inner bottom of the frame, and the filter cake collection tray is used to recover the filter cake. Furthermore, each side wall of the filter cake recovery disc is provided with a handle, and each of the four bottom corners of the lower end of the filter cake recovery disc is provided with a second caster. The technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects: The technical solution of this utility model involves putting sludge into a leaching reaction tank, adding a certain amount of water, slowly stirring it into a slurry, and slowly adding sulfuric acid. The sludge and waste sulfuric acid undergo a leaching reaction, which enriches heavy metals such as copper, nickel, and zinc. The enriched heavy metals are then separated into solid and liquid phases using a filter press, achieving batch extraction. Finally, iron sludge, copper sludge, and nickel-zinc sludge are obtained. The sludge cake filtered by the filter press has a higher solids content and excellent separation effect, realizing resource recycling and environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring assembly of a sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a filter press in a sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a partially exploded structural diagram of a filter press in a sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the operating platform of a sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0019] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0020] This invention proposes a device for enriching and recovering heavy metals from sludge.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 5As shown in one embodiment of this utility model, the sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device includes a tank 100, a stirring assembly 200, a filter press 300, and a sludge pump (not shown). The upper end of the tank 100 is provided with multiple leaching reaction tanks 101 for reacting sludge with reaction reagents. The lower end of the tank 100 is provided with multiple support legs 102. The stirring assembly 200 includes a motor 201, a stirring shaft 202, and a stirrer 203. The motor 201 is respectively located at the upper end of the leaching reaction tank 101. The upper ends of the stirring shafts 202 are fixedly connected to the output shafts of the motors 201. The stirring shafts 202 are rotatably extended into the leaching reaction tanks 101. The stirrers 203 are respectively... Fixed to and rotating with the stirring shaft 202, the stirrer 203 is used to stir the sludge solution and reaction reagents in the leaching reaction tank 101 to ensure thorough mixing and reaction. The filter press 300 and the sludge pump are respectively located on one side of the tank 100. The lower end of the leaching reaction tank 101 is provided with a discharge port (not shown), which is connected to the inlet of the sludge pump through a pipeline. The filter press 300 includes a frame 301, a hydraulic pressing mechanism 302, a push plate 303, a thrust plate 304, a filter plate 305, a filter cloth (not shown), and a filter frame 306. The hydraulic pressing mechanism 302 is located at one end of the frame 301, and the push plate 303 is slidably located at one end of the frame 301. The push plate 303 and the hydraulic... The front end of the push rod of the clamping mechanism 302 is fixedly connected. The thrust plate 304 is set at the other end of the frame 301. Filter plates 305 and filter frames 306 are alternately arranged between the push plate 303 and the thrust plate 304. The two sides of the filter plate 305 are provided with grooves (not shown) for the filtrate to flow out. The filter cloth is set on the two side walls of the filter plate 305. The filter frame 306 is hollow. The filter frame 306 and two adjacent filter plates 305 enclose a filter chamber. The two apex corners of the upper end of the filter frame 306 and the filter plate 305 are provided with feed holes 307, which are connected to the filter chamber. The two bottom corners of the lower end of the filter frame 306 and the filter plate 305 are provided with liquid outlet holes 308, which are connected to the liquid outlet holes 308. The thrust plate 304 is set at the other end of the frame 301. The outer wall of plate 304 is provided with a feed connector 3041 and a liquid outlet connector 3042, which are respectively connected to the feed inlet 307 and the liquid outlet 308. The feed connector 3041 is connected to the output port of the sludge pump through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet connector 3042 is connected to the storage tank. The filter press 300 is used to extract the solids in the mixed liquid in the leaching reaction tank 101 to achieve solid-liquid separation. The basic principle of solid-liquid separation achieved by the filter press 300 is: a filter chamber is formed between the filter plate surfaces. The filter material enters the filter chamber from the feed inlet under strong positive pressure. The solid part of the filter material entering the filter chamber is intercepted by the filter cloth and forms a filter cake in the filter frame. The liquid part passes through the filter cloth and is discharged from the filter plate into the filter chamber, thereby achieving the purpose of solid-liquid separation.

[0022] Specifically, it also includes an operating table 400, which is located at the upper end of the rear wall of the tank 100 to facilitate the addition of reaction reagents and observation of the situation inside the leaching reaction tank.

[0023] Specifically, a step ladder 401 is inclined at the front end of the operating platform 400, and guardrails 402 are provided on both the step ladder 401 and the outer side wall of the operating platform 400 for protection.

[0024] Specifically, it also includes a motor mounting bracket 103, which is respectively set at the upper end of the leaching reaction tank 101. The lower end of the motor 201 is provided with a motor mounting plate 2011, which is detachably and fixedly connected to the motor mounting bracket 103 by bolts, so as to facilitate the installation and fixing of the motor.

[0025] Specifically, there are two agitators 203, and the outer contour of each agitator 203 is a rectangular frame structure. The agitators 203 are arranged crosswise on the agitator shaft 202, which improves the agitation efficiency and makes the material more uniformly mixed and the reaction more complete.

[0026] Specifically, it also includes a bearing seat 204, which is respectively disposed on the inner bottom wall of the leaching reaction tank 101. The bearing seat 204 is provided with a bearing, and the lower end of the stirring shaft 202 is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the bearing. The stirring shaft 202 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the leaching reaction tank 101 through the bearing seat 204, which plays the role of fixing the stirring shaft and making the stirring shaft rotate more smoothly.

[0027] Specifically, a crossbeam 3011 is provided on both sides of the frame 301, and a support part 309 is provided on both sides of the push plate 303, filter plate 305 and filter frame 306 respectively. The support parts are slidably connected to the upper end of the crossbeam.

[0028] Specifically, it also includes first movable casters 310, which are respectively disposed on the four bottom corners of the lower end of the frame 301 to facilitate the movement of the frame.

[0029] Specifically, it also includes a filter cake recovery tray 311, which is movably disposed at the bottom of the frame 301. The filter cake collection tray 311 is used to recover the filter cake, making it convenient to recover the filter cake. Specifically, each side wall of the filter cake recovery tray 311 is provided with a handle 3111, and each of the four bottom corners of the lower end of the filter cake recovery tray 311 is provided with a second movable caster 3112 to facilitate the movement of the filter cake recovery tray.

[0030] Specifically, the working principle and process of this utility model are as follows: Sludge contains various metal compounds, among which heavy metal compounds such as copper, nickel, and zinc can react chemically with waste sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid under certain conditions. In an acidic environment, these metal compounds dissolve and enter the solution in ionic form.

[0031] Cu(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄ → CuSO₄ + H₂O Ni(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄ → NiSO₄ + H₂O Zn(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂O Ca(OH)2+H2SO4→CaSO4↓+H2O Large-scale reaction: Fe(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ + 2H₂O Cr(OH)3+H2SO4→Cr2(SO4)3+H2O Mg(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄ → MgSO₄ + H₂O Al(OH)3+H2SO4→Al2(SO4)3+H2O By controlling reaction conditions, such as temperature, sulfuric acid concentration, and reaction time, these heavy metals can be encouraged to dissolve into the solution as much as possible, thereby achieving enrichment.

[0032] The pH is controlled to be less than 1. At this point, heavy metals such as copper, nickel, zinc, iron, and chromium dissolve in the acid, while calcium sulfate and silicon dioxide do not dissolve in the solution. After filtration, filter residue (to be smelted) and a solution containing heavy metals are obtained.

[0033] In subsequent batch extraction processes, the different reaction differences of different metal ions in specific reagents are utilized, such as by adjusting the pH value of the solution and adding a suitable precipitant, so that the target heavy metal ions are separated from the solution in the form of precipitate.

[0034] For iron ions, since they are classified as ferrous iron, an oxidizing agent and a neutralizing agent need to be added, and the pH needs to be controlled at around 3 for a reaction to occur. Large-scale reaction: 4FeSO4+Ca(ClO)2+6Ca(OH)2+2H2SO4→4Fe(OH)3↓+6CaSO4↓+CaCl2+2H2O Fe2(SO4)3+3Ca(OH)2→2Fe(OH)3↓+3CaSO4↓ Ferric hydroxide precipitate is formed, thereby achieving preliminary separation from other metal ions.

[0035] For copper ions, under specific pH conditions, adding a neutralizing agent and controlling the pH at around 5 will result in the following reaction: Large-scale reaction: CuSO4 + 2NaOH → Cu(OH)2↓ + Na2SO4 Large-scale reaction: Al2(SO4)3 + 3Ca(OH)2 → 2Al(OH)3↓ + 3CaSO4↓ Small-scale reaction: Fe2(SO4)3 + 3Ca(OH)2 → 2Fe(OH)3↓ + 3CaSO4↓ Half of the reaction: Cr2(SO4)3 + 3Ca(OH)2 → 2Cr(OH)3↓ + 3CaSO4↓ Copper hydroxide precipitate is formed, thereby achieving preliminary separation from other metal ions.

[0036] For nickel and zinc ions, when the pH is controlled at around 8 and a neutralizing agent is added, a reaction will occur: Large-scale reaction: ZnSO4 + 2NaOH → Zn(OH)2↓ + Na2SO4 Large-scale reaction: NiSO4 + 2NaOH → Ni(OH)2↓ + Na2SO4 Small-scale reaction: MgSO4 + 2NaOH → Mg(OH)2↓ + Na2SO4 Nickel hydroxide and zinc hydroxide precipitates are generated, thereby achieving preliminary separation from other metal ions.

[0037] When treating sludge containing heavy metals such as copper, nickel, and zinc, a rigorous and orderly treatment process must be followed to achieve efficient enrichment and separation of the metal elements: Step 1: Dissolution: The sludge is placed in a specific solvent system, and the dissolution conditions are scientifically controlled to ensure that heavy metal elements such as copper, nickel, and zinc are fully released into the solution. This is the foundation for subsequent treatment and an essential starting point for the entire process.

[0038] Step 2: Ferrous oxidation: Using a suitable oxidizing agent, ferrous ions in the solution are oxidized to ferric ions. Since ferrous ions only begin to precipitate at approximately pH 8, while ferric ions precipitate completely at around pH 3, this step changes the valence state of the ferric ions, creating favorable conditions for subsequent separation and precipitation.

[0039] Step 3: Copper precipitation: Based on the characteristics of the solution, a targeted precipitant and process are used to selectively precipitate copper ions from the solution without affecting other metal ions, thus achieving the separate separation of copper elements.

[0040] Step 4: Nickel-Zinc Co-precipitation: Due to the similar chemical properties of nickel and zinc, they are difficult to separate individually using conventional methods. After removing copper and iron, nickel and zinc ions are precipitated simultaneously by adjusting the pH of the solution and adding a precipitating agent, forming a mixed nickel-zinc precipitate.

[0041] Specifically, this invention involves placing sludge into a leaching reaction tank, adding a certain amount of water, slowly stirring to form a slurry, and then slowly adding sulfuric acid. The sludge reacts with the waste sulfuric acid to achieve the enrichment of heavy metals such as copper, nickel, and zinc. The enriched heavy metals are then separated into solid and liquid phases using a filter press to achieve batch extraction, ultimately yielding iron sludge, copper sludge, and nickel-zinc sludge, thus realizing resource recycling and environmentally friendly treatment.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device, characterized in that, The system includes a tank, a stirring assembly, a filter press, and a sludge pump. The upper end of the tank has multiple leaching reaction tanks for reacting sludge with reagents. The stirring assembly includes a motor, a stirring shaft, and stirrers. The motor is located at the upper end of each leaching reaction tank, and the upper end of each stirring shaft is fixedly connected to its output shaft. The stirring shafts rotatably extend into the leaching reaction tanks. The stirrers are fixed to the stirring shafts and rotate with them, stirring the sludge solution and reagents in the leaching reaction tanks to ensure thorough mixing and reaction. The filter press and sludge pump are located on one side of the tank. The lower end of each leaching reaction tank has a discharge port connected to the inlet of the sludge pump via a pipeline. The filter press includes a frame, a hydraulic pressing mechanism, a push plate, a thrust plate, filter plates, filter cloth, and filter frames. The hydraulic pressing mechanism is located at one end of the frame, and the push plate is slidable. The push plate is movably mounted at one end of the frame, and the front end of the push rod of the hydraulic clamping mechanism is fixedly connected to it. The thrust plate is located at the other end of the frame. Filter plates and filter frames are alternately arranged between the push plate and the thrust plate. The two sides of the filter plate are provided with grooves for the filtrate to flow out. The filter cloth is arranged on the two side walls of the filter plate. The filter frame has a hollow structure. The filter frame and two adjacent filter plates enclose a filter chamber. The two apex corners of the upper ends of the filter frame and filter plate are... Each filter is equipped with a feed hole, which is connected to the filter chamber. The two bottom corners of the lower end of the filter frame and filter plate are equipped with liquid outlet holes, and the grooves are connected to the liquid outlet holes. The outer side wall of the thrust plate is equipped with a feed connector and a liquid outlet connector, which are respectively connected to the feed hole and the liquid outlet hole. The feed connector is connected to the output port of the sludge pump through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet connector is connected to the storage tank. The filter press is used to extract the solids from the mixed liquid in the leaching reaction tank to achieve solid-liquid separation.

2. The sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an operating table, which is located at the upper end of the rear end wall of the tank.

3. The sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front end of the operating platform is provided with an inclined step, and both the step and the outer side wall of the operating platform are provided with guardrails.

4. The sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a motor mounting bracket, which is respectively disposed at the upper end of the leaching reaction tank. The lower end of the motor is provided with a motor mounting plate, which is detachably and fixedly connected to the motor mounting bracket by bolts.

5. The sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system has two stirrers, and the outer contours of the stirrers are all rectangular frame structures. The stirrers are arranged crosswise on the stirring shaft.

6. The sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes bearing housings, which are respectively disposed on the inner bottom wall of the leaching reaction tank. Each bearing housing contains a bearing, and the lower end of the stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the bearing. The stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the leaching reaction tank through the bearing housings.

7. The sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame has a crossbeam on each side, and the push plate, filter plate and filter frame each have a support on each side, and the support is slidably connected to the upper end of the crossbeam.

8. The sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes first movable casters, which are respectively disposed on the four bottom corners of the lower end of the frame.

9. The sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a filter cake recovery tray, which is movably disposed at the inner bottom of the frame and is used to recover the filter cake.

10. The sludge heavy metal enrichment and recovery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Each side wall of the filter cake recovery tray is equipped with a handle, and each of the four bottom corners of the lower end of the filter cake recovery tray is equipped with a second caster.

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