A seepage prevention and reinforcement structure for deep fractured hard rock strata

Abstract

This application provides a seepage-proof reinforcement structure for deep fractured hard rock formations, relating to the field of engineering construction technology. It consists of three parts: a seepage-proof layer, reinforcement components, and a drainage system. The reinforcement components include prefabricated sleeves and rigid reinforcements. The prefabricated sleeves are connected to and fixed to the rock formation, forming a grid-like reinforcement framework. The drainage system includes a drainage body and a filter. The drainage body is inserted into the rock fissures, and the filter is connected to the drainage body. This invention, by fixing the seepage-proof layer to the rock surface, can directly block groundwater from seeping in through the rock surface, forming the first seepage barrier. The connection between the prefabricated sleeves and the rigid reinforcements enhances the overall stability of the fractured rock formation, preventing local collapse or deformation. The drainage system guides groundwater from the rock fissures to the filter for discharge, reducing the destructive effect of water pressure on the rock formation and preventing water accumulation from softening the rock. Thus, through seepage prevention, reinforcement, and drainage, a better seepage-proof reinforcement effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engineering construction technology, and more specifically, to a seepage prevention and reinforcement structure for deep fractured hard rock strata. Background Technology

[0002] In construction projects involving deep, fractured, and hard rock formations, conventional seepage prevention and reinforcement methods have numerous limitations. For example, while traditional grouting can fill fissures, it is difficult to form a continuous seepage-proof structure, and the grout is prone to loss; high-pressure jet grouting is prone to borehole wall collapse in fractured rock formations, leading to construction interruptions; and anchor bolt support can only provide localized reinforcement and cannot effectively block groundwater seepage. These methods cannot simultaneously meet the dual requirements of seepage prevention and reinforcement, resulting in frequent safety hazards and affecting construction progress and quality.

[0003] Therefore, this application aims to provide a seepage prevention and reinforcement structure for deep fractured hard rock strata to better solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a deep, fractured, hard rock strata anti-seepage reinforcement structure that can solve the technical problems of groundwater seepage and borehole wall collapse in fractured rock strata.

[0005] This application provides a seepage prevention and reinforcement structure for deep fractured hard rock formations. The seepage prevention and reinforcement structure consists of three parts: a seepage prevention layer, reinforcement components, and a drainage system. The seepage prevention layer is fixed to the surface of the rock formation. The reinforcement components include prefabricated sleeves and rigid ribs. The prefabricated sleeves are connected to and fixed to the rigid ribs in the rock formation to form a grid-like reinforcement skeleton. The drainage system is provided with a drainage body and a filter. The drainage body is inserted into the rock formation fissures, and the filter is connected to the drainage body.

[0006] Furthermore, the impermeable layer is a double-layer HDPE membrane with a GCL waterproof pad layer sandwiched in between.

[0007] Furthermore, the double-layer HDPE membrane is hot-melt welded and anchored to the rock stratum by expansion bolts, and the double-layer HDPE membrane is fixed to the drainage body by rivets.

[0008] Furthermore, the prefabricated casing is grouted and fixed to the rock stratum, the rigid reinforcement is fixed to the prefabricated casing by welding, and the rigid reinforcement and the prefabricated casing are covered with a concrete curing layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the assembled sleeve is made of seamless steel pipe, and the rigid rib is made of threaded steel.

[0010] Furthermore, the drainage body includes a vertically arranged drainage plate and a horizontally arranged drainage pipe. The drainage plate is inserted into the rock stratum fissure, the top of the drainage plate is connected to the horizontal drainage pipe, and the end of the drainage pipe not connected to the drainage plate is connected to the filter section.

[0011] Furthermore, the filter section is made of geotextile wrapped with crushed stone with a particle size of 5-10mm, which is used to prevent mud and sand from clogging the drainage pipe.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] This utility model provides a deep, fractured, hard rock strata seepage prevention and reinforcement structure, consisting of three parts: a seepage prevention layer, reinforcement components, and a drainage system. The seepage prevention layer is fixed to the rock strata surface. The reinforcement components include prefabricated sleeves and rigid ribs. The prefabricated sleeves are connected to and fixed to the rigid ribs in the rock strata to form a grid-like reinforcement skeleton. The drainage system includes a drainage body and a filter. The drainage body is inserted into the rock strata fissures, and the filter is connected to the drainage body. This utility model has a simple structure and reasonable design. By fixing the seepage prevention layer to the rock strata surface, it can directly block groundwater from seeping in through the rock strata surface, forming the first seepage barrier. The prefabricated sleeves are connected to the rigid ribs to enhance the overall stability of the fractured rock strata, preventing local collapse or deformation. The drainage system guides groundwater in the rock strata fissures to the filter for discharge, reducing the destructive effect of water pressure on the rock strata and preventing water accumulation from softening the rock strata. Thus, through seepage prevention, reinforcement, and drainage, a better seepage prevention and reinforcement effect is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0017] 1. Impermeable layer, 11. HDPE membrane, 12. GCL waterproof pad, 2. Reinforcing component, 21. Prefabricated sleeve, 22. Rigid rib, 3. Drainage system, 31. Drainage body, 32. Filter section. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] See Figure 1The deep fractured hard rock strata seepage prevention and reinforcement structure described in this embodiment consists of three parts: a seepage prevention layer 1, a reinforcement component 2, and a drainage system 3. The seepage prevention layer 1 is fixed to the surface of the rock strata. The reinforcement component 2 includes an assembled sleeve 21 and a rigid rib 22. The assembled sleeve 21 is connected to the rigid rib 22 and fixed to the rock strata to form a grid-like reinforcement skeleton. The drainage system 3 is provided with a drainage body 31 and a filter part 32. The drainage body 31 is inserted into the rock strata fissures, and the filter part 32 is connected to the drainage body 31.

[0025] This embodiment has a simple structure and reasonable design. By fixing the seepage-proof layer 1 to the surface of the rock stratum, groundwater can be directly blocked from seeping in through the surface of the rock stratum, forming the first seepage barrier. The prefabricated sleeve 21 is connected to the rigid reinforcement 22 to enhance the overall stability of the fractured rock stratum and prevent local collapse or deformation. The drainage system 3 guides the groundwater in the rock stratum fissures to the filter section 32 for discharge, reducing the destructive effect of water pressure on the rock stratum and preventing water accumulation from softening the rock stratum. Thus, through seepage prevention, reinforcement and drainage, a better seepage prevention and reinforcement effect is achieved.

[0026] In some embodiments, the impermeable layer 1 is configured as a double-layer HDPE membrane 11 with a GCL waterproof pad 12 sandwiched in between.

[0027] Specifically, the double-layer HDPE membrane 11 is hot-melt welded and anchored to the rock layer by expansion bolts, and the double-layer HDPE membrane 11 is fixed to the drainage body 31 by rivets.

[0028] In this embodiment, a double-layer HDPE membrane 11 is used to avoid the risk of leakage caused by single-layer damage. GCL (bentonite waterproof blanket) is used as the middle layer. It expands when it comes into contact with water to form a dense colloid, which fills the seams or minor defects of HDPE membrane 11 and effectively enhances the reliability of seepage prevention.

[0029] In some embodiments, the prefabricated sleeve 21 is grouted and fixed to the rock stratum, the rigid reinforcement 22 is fixed to the prefabricated sleeve 21 by welding, and the rigid reinforcement 22 and the prefabricated sleeve 21 are covered with a concrete curing layer.

[0030] Specifically, the assembled sleeve 21 is made of seamless steel pipe, and the rigid rib 22 is made of threaded steel.

[0031] In this embodiment, the grout fills the gaps between the casing and the rock strata, forming an anchoring force to prevent the casing from loosening or being pulled out. The rigid reinforcement 22 is welded and fixed, making the casing and the reinforcement a whole, jointly bearing the stress of the rock strata, avoiding local stress concentration that could lead to fracture. The concrete curing layer covers the reinforcement component 2 to protect it from groundwater corrosion, while also enhancing the rigidity of the grid skeleton and suppressing rock strata displacement, thereby achieving a better reinforcement effect.

[0032] In some embodiments, the drainage body 31 includes a vertically arranged drainage plate and a horizontally arranged drainage pipe. The drainage plate is inserted into a rock fissure, the top of the drainage plate is connected to the horizontal drainage pipe, and the end of the drainage pipe not connected to the drainage plate is connected to the filter section 32.

[0033] Specifically, the filter section 32 is made of gravel with a particle size of 5-10mm wrapped in geotextile, which is used to prevent mud and sand from clogging the drainage pipe.

[0034] In this embodiment, a drainage board is inserted into the rock fissures to quickly collect groundwater and reduce the retention time of water in the fissures. The end of the drainage pipe is connected to a filter 32 to prevent silt from entering the drainage system 3, avoid clogging the pipe, and ensure long-term drainage efficiency.

[0035] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A seepage prevention and reinforcement structure for deep fractured hard rock strata, characterized in that: The seepage-proof reinforcement structure consists of three parts: a seepage-proof layer, reinforcement components, and a drainage system. The seepage-proof layer is fixed to the surface of the rock stratum. The reinforcement components include prefabricated sleeves and rigid ribs. The prefabricated sleeves are connected to and fixed to the rigid ribs in the rock stratum to form a grid-like reinforcement skeleton. The drainage system is equipped with a drainage body and a filter. The drainage body is inserted into the rock stratum fissures, and the filter is connected to the drainage body.

2. The deep fractured hard rock strata seepage prevention and reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impermeable layer is a double-layer HDPE membrane with a GCL waterproof pad layer sandwiched in between.

3. The deep fractured hard rock strata seepage prevention and reinforcement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The double-layer HDPE membrane is hot-melt welded and anchored to the rock strata by expansion bolts, and the double-layer HDPE membrane is fixed to the drainage body by rivets.

4. The deep fractured hard rock strata seepage prevention and reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated casing is grouted and fixed to the rock stratum. The rigid reinforcement is fixed to the prefabricated casing by welding, and the rigid reinforcement and the prefabricated casing are covered with a concrete curing layer.

5. The deep fractured hard rock strata seepage prevention and reinforcement structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The assembled sleeve is made of seamless steel pipe, and the rigid rib is made of threaded steel.

6. The deep fractured hard rock strata seepage prevention and reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage system includes a vertically arranged drainage board and a horizontally arranged drainage pipe. The drainage board is inserted into a rock fissure, and the top of the drainage board is connected to the horizontal drainage pipe. The end of the drainage pipe that is not connected to the drainage board is connected to the filter section.

7. The deep fractured hard rock strata seepage prevention and reinforcement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filter section is made of geotextile wrapped with crushed stone with a particle size of 5-10mm, which is used to prevent mud and sand from clogging the drainage pipe.

Images