An impedance-type surge tank and a hydropower station water intake system

Abstract

This invention provides an impedance-type surge tank and a hydropower station water diversion system, relating to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology. The impedance-type surge tank includes a surge tank well and an abutment structure. One end of the abutment structure is connected to the upper part of the surge tank well. At the end of the abutment structure away from the surge tank well, a counter-flushing groove with a semi-cylindrical cavity structure is provided, and the counter-flushing groove is connected to the abutment structure. At the end of the abutment structure near the counter-flushing groove, a diversion pier is provided. Water flowing within the abutment structure flows into the counter-flushing groove in a split-flow manner after passing through the diversion pier. Compared with related technologies, the impedance-type surge tank of this invention can effectively suppress surge exceeding limits while maintaining existing size and elevation constraints, avoiding construction risks and increased costs caused by raising the elevation or expanding the cross-section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology, and more specifically, to an impedance-type surge tank and a water diversion system for a hydropower station. Background Technology

[0002] Surge chambers play a crucial role in the water diversion system of hydropower stations. Their core function is to effectively reduce the water hammer pressure within the pressure pipeline, optimize dynamic parameters during regulation, and improve the operational stability of the turbine-generator units under peak-shaving and frequency-regulating conditions. However, in practical engineering applications, the design of surge chambers is often strictly limited by multiple realistic factors such as geological structure, topography, and construction environment, making it difficult to fully meet the ideal state calculated in theoretical calculations. Especially in the design and operation of impedance-type surge chambers, the regulation and assurance calculations frequently encounter the problem of surge exceeding limits, i.e., the amplitude of water level fluctuations exceeds the safety threshold, which may lead to structural damage or system failure. To address this challenge, related technologies typically employ solutions such as raising the elevation of the top of the surge chamber shaft or enlarging its cross-sectional dimensions. However, such measures have significant drawbacks under complex geological conditions. For example, increasing the elevation will increase the excavation depth, raising slope stability risks and increasing the difficulty of support; enlarging the cross-section requires additional space and materials, making it difficult to implement in narrow or geologically challenging areas, while also significantly increasing project investment costs. More seriously, these adjustments are often accompanied by the accumulation of construction risks, such as groundwater leakage or rock instability. Under extreme conditions, they can even force the project team to replan the overall layout of the surge chamber, causing delays and wasting resources. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative structural design that can effectively suppress surge exceedances while maintaining existing dimensional and elevation constraints. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an impedance-type pressure regulating chamber that can effectively suppress surge over-limit phenomena while maintaining existing size and elevation constraints, thus avoiding construction risks and increased costs caused by raising the elevation or expanding the cross-section.

[0004] This utility model provides an impedance-type pressure regulating chamber, including: a pressure regulating chamber well and an ear hole structure. One end of the ear hole structure is connected to the upper part of the pressure regulating chamber well. The end of the ear hole structure away from the pressure regulating chamber well is provided with a counter-flushing groove in the form of a semi-cylindrical cavity structure. The counter-flushing groove is connected to the ear hole structure, and the semi-cylindrical sidewall of the counter-flushing groove is opposite to the opening of the ear hole structure. A diversion pier is provided at the end of the ear hole structure near the counter-flushing groove. The water flow in the ear hole structure is diverted into the counter-flushing groove in the form of two-sided diversion after passing through the diversion pier.

[0005] Optionally, an energy dissipation block is provided inside the ear canal structure to reduce the water flow velocity of the ear canal structure.

[0006] Optionally, the inner bottom wall of the ear canal structure is provided with a plurality of energy dissipation blocks at intervals.

[0007] Optionally, the pressure regulating chamber well is arranged vertically, and the ear hole structure extends upward at an angle relative to the pressure regulating chamber well.

[0008] Optionally, this impedance-type pressure regulating chamber also includes an upper chamber structure, which is located at the top of the pressure regulating chamber's main shaft and communicates with it.

[0009] Optionally, this impedance-type pressure regulating chamber also includes a vent structure, one end of which is connected to and communicates with the upper chamber structure.

[0010] Optionally, the ventilation tunnel structure is inclined upward relative to the pressure regulating chamber well.

[0011] Optionally, this impedance-type pressure regulating chamber also includes a pressure regulating chamber small well, which is connected to and communicates with the bottom of the pressure regulating chamber large well.

[0012] Optionally, the cross-sectional dimensions of the small well in the pressure regulating chamber are smaller than those of the large well in the pressure regulating chamber.

[0013] Optionally, this impedance-type surge tank also includes a water passage tunnel, with one end of the surge tank small well away from the surge tank large well connected to and communicating with the water passage tunnel.

[0014] The impedance-type voltage regulating chamber provided by this utility model has, but is not limited to, the following beneficial effects compared with related technologies: The impedance-type surge chamber described in this invention addresses the issue that, during partial operation switching of a pumped-storage power station, the highest surge wave inside the surge chamber exceeds the top elevation of the surge chamber shaft. However, by incorporating the apron structure, when the surge wave height in the surge chamber shaft exceeds the bottom elevation of the apron structure, the water level rises more slowly, and water gradually flows into the apron structure. As the water flow gradually enters the apron structure near the end away from the surge chamber shaft, the diversion pier can divert the water flow to both sides. The water flows into the counter-flow channel, changes direction along the wall, and creates counter-flow in the counter-flow channel. Then, the water flows back out of the counter-flow channel and into the apron structure, where it merges with the water flowing into the apron structure. The water level in the apron structure gradually increases, and subsequently, the water level in the surge chamber shaft drops, causing the water in the apron structure to return to the surge chamber shaft. Compared with related technologies, this not only reduces the surge wave height without increasing the cross-sectional dimensions and elevation of the surge chamber but also prevents the water flowing into the apron from impacting the end walls over a large area. It has the ability to effectively suppress surges beyond limits while maintaining existing size and elevation constraints, thus avoiding construction risks and increased costs caused by raising the elevation or expanding the cross-section.

[0015] In addition, this utility model also provides a water diversion system for a hydropower station, including the impedance-type surge tank as described above.

[0016] Since the technical improvements and effects achieved by the water diversion system of the hydropower station are the same as those of the impedance-type surge tank, the technical effects of the water diversion system of the hydropower station will not be described in detail. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the impedance-type voltage regulating chamber according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of the image; Figure 3 This is a front view of the impedance-type voltage regulating chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Main surge chamber shaft; 2. Ear hole structure; 3. Counterflow channel; 4. Diversion pier; 5. Energy dissipation block; 6. Upper chamber structure; 7. Ventilation tunnel structure; 8. Small surge chamber shaft; 9. Water passage tunnel. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "front", "back", "inner" and "outer" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this utility model and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "embodiment," "one embodiment," and "one implementation" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or implementation is included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or implementation. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or implementations.

[0023] Furthermore, in the attached diagram, the X-axis represents the horizontal direction, that is, the left and right position, with the positive direction of the X-axis representing the left and the negative direction of the X-axis representing the right; the Y-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the front and back position, with the positive direction of the Y-axis representing the front and the negative direction of the Y-axis representing the back; and the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up and down position, with the positive direction of the Z-axis representing the up and the negative direction of the Z-axis representing the down.

[0024] It should also be noted that the aforementioned X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the impedance-type pressure regulating chamber of this utility model embodiment includes: a pressure regulating chamber well 1 and an ear hole structure 2. One end of the ear hole structure 2 is connected to the upper part of the pressure regulating chamber well 1. The end of the ear hole structure 2 away from the pressure regulating chamber well 1 is provided with a counter-flushing groove 3 in the form of a semi-cylindrical cavity structure. The counter-flushing groove 3 is connected to the ear hole structure 2 and the semi-cylindrical sidewall of the counter-flushing groove 3 is opposite to the opening of the ear hole structure 2. The end of the ear hole structure 2 near the counter-flushing groove 3 is provided with a diversion pier 4. The water flow in the ear hole structure 2 is diverted into the counter-flushing groove 3 in the form of two-sided diversion after passing through the diversion pier 4.

[0026] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2As shown, the surge tank well 1 serves as the main structure for containing the main water flow. In practical applications, the ear-shaped structure 2 refers to the auxiliary channel connected to the upper part of the surge tank well 1, which can be made of metal or concrete. The counter-flushing channel 3 refers to a component with a semi-cylindrical cavity structure, which can be realized by using a semi-cylindrical cavity, for example, by casting concrete or assembling precast components. The diversion pier 4 refers to the diversion device set at one end of the ear-shaped structure 2 near the counter-flushing channel 3, which can be realized by using a fixed pier or a wing-shaped structure, such as a concrete pier or a metal support. Thus, the water flow in the ear-shaped structure 2 enters the counter-flushing channel 3 in a two-sided diversion form after passing through the diversion pier 4. The semi-cylindrical sidewall of the counter-flushing channel 3 creates a counter-flushing energy dissipation effect between the two water flows in the counter-flushing channel 3, thereby reducing the water flow energy and effectively suppressing the problem of excessive surge. At the same time, it avoids increasing the top elevation or expanding the cross-sectional size of the surge tank well 1, thereby reducing construction risks and project investment costs.

[0027] Specifically, when the pumped storage power station undergoes partial operating condition switching, the highest surge in the impedance-type surge chamber exceeds the top elevation of the surge chamber shaft 1. After installing the ear-shaped structure 2, when the surge height in the surge chamber shaft 1 exceeds the bottom elevation of the ear-shaped structure 2, the water level rises more slowly, and the water gradually flows into the ear-shaped structure 2. As the water gradually enters the ear-shaped structure 2 near the end away from the surge chamber shaft 1, the diversion pier 4 can divert the water flow to both sides. The water flows from both sides enter the counter-current channel 3 and flow towards each other along the semi-cylindrical wall, creating a counter-current within the counter-current channel 3. Then, the water flows back out of the counter-current channel 3 and into the ear-shaped structure 2, where it merges with the water flowing into the ear-shaped structure 2, thus achieving the effect of energy dissipation. The water level in the ear-shaped structure 2 gradually increases. As the surge subsides, the water level in the surge chamber shaft 1 decreases, and the water in the ear-shaped structure 2 returns to the surge chamber shaft 1.

[0028] Compared with related technologies, this method not only reduces surge height without increasing the cross-sectional dimensions and elevation of the surge chamber, but also prevents water entering the abutment from impacting the end wall over a large area. It has the advantage of effectively suppressing surge over-limit phenomena while maintaining existing dimensional and elevation constraints, avoiding the construction risks and increased costs associated with raising the elevation or expanding the cross-section.

[0029] Optionally, an energy dissipation block 5 is provided inside the ear canal structure 2, which is used to reduce the water flow velocity of the ear canal structure 2.

[0030] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the energy dissipation block 5 can be understood as a structural component set inside the ear hole structure to dissipate the energy of the water flow. Specifically, it can be a rectangular block structure. The purpose is to reduce the water flow velocity by increasing the tortuosity of the water flow path and the surface friction effect, thereby alleviating the energy concentration problem caused by high-speed water flow.

[0031] Specifically, this scheme uses energy dissipation blocks 5 inside the ear-shaped structure 2 to dissipate the energy of the water flow. When the water flows through the energy dissipation blocks 5, the water flow is affected by the energy dissipation blocks 5, increasing the head loss and accelerating the attenuation rate of the surge fluctuations in the pressure regulating chamber. Setting up the energy dissipation blocks 5 can effectively prevent the violent impact when high-speed water flows into the counter-current channel 3, and at the same time, it optimizes the hydraulic stability in coordination with the overall layout of the ear-shaped structure 2.

[0032] Optionally, the inner bottom wall of the ear canal structure 2 is provided with a plurality of energy dissipation blocks 5 at intervals.

[0033] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the inner bottom wall refers to the bottom surface area inside the ear hole structure 2 that is in direct contact with the water flow; the interval arrangement refers to the layout of the energy dissipation blocks 5 arranged at regular intervals on the inner bottom wall, which can be achieved by equidistant or non-equidistant arrangement, with the aim of promoting orderly diversion and collision of water flow based on the inertia and diffusion characteristics of water flow; in practical applications, multiple energy dissipation blocks 5 refer to setting two or more independent energy dissipation units, which can be achieved by using energy dissipation structures with different contours such as trapezoidal, rectangular or arc, with the aim of ensuring that the water flow continuously undergoes a multi-stage energy dissipation process throughout the entire process by increasing the number of energy dissipation points.

[0034] Specifically, this scheme arranges energy dissipation blocks 5 on the inner bottom wall of the ear-shaped structure 2, so that the water flow first impacts this area after entering the ear-shaped structure 2. The blocking effect of the energy dissipation blocks 5 directly weakens the main water flow energy and avoids the transfer of energy to the side walls or top, which would cause secondary disturbances. The spaced arrangement of multiple energy dissipation blocks 5 forms a regular arrangement. When the water flow passes through each energy dissipation block 5, it will generate orderly diversion and collision based on inertia, and evenly disperse the energy to prevent local velocity surges or eddy current accumulation. The setting of multiple energy dissipation blocks 5 is based on the continuity of water flow and the energy gradient distribution law. Through multi-level energy dissipation action points, it ensures that the water flow continuously dissipates energy throughout the entire process, which significantly improves the overall energy dissipation efficiency.

[0035] As a specific embodiment, multiple rectangular or trapezoidal precast concrete energy dissipation blocks 5 are spaced apart on the inner bottom wall of the ear hole structure 2. These energy dissipation blocks 5 are arranged regularly along the water flow direction. Their contour design can effectively guide the water flow to divert and enhance the collision effect, thereby achieving uniform energy dissipation.

[0036] Optionally, the pressure regulating chamber well 1 is arranged vertically, and the ear hole structure 2 extends upward at an angle relative to the pressure regulating chamber well 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 3 As shown, the pressure regulating chamber well 1 refers to the well along the vertical direction (see attached diagram). Figure 3The well structure (located in the Z-axis direction) can be implemented using a cylindrical or rectangular cross-section well that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The purpose is to provide a stable vertical transmission path for water flow and avoid interference from lateral forces introduced by the inclined arrangement, thereby reducing the instability of water level fluctuations. The ear structure 2 can be understood as a channel that extends upward at an inclination relative to the main well 1 of the surge chamber. It can be implemented using a straight pipe that forms a non-zero angle with the horizontal plane. The purpose is to allow water to enter the ear structure 2 in a climbing manner. After the water level in the main well 1 of the surge chamber drops, the water in the ear structure 2 returns to the main well under the action of gravity.

[0038] Optionally, this impedance-type pressure regulating chamber also includes an upper chamber structure 6, which is disposed at the top of the pressure regulating chamber well 1 and communicates with it.

[0039] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 As shown, the upper chamber structure 6 refers to the additional structure used to expand the top volume of the pressure regulating chamber well 1. It can be implemented using different geometric shapes such as cylindrical cavities, square cavities, or spherical cavities. The upper chamber structure 6 is used to facilitate subsequent maintenance.

[0040] Optionally, this impedance-type pressure regulating chamber also includes a vent structure 7, one end of which is connected to and communicates with the upper chamber structure 6.

[0041] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the ventilation tunnel structure 7 refers to an independent channel used to realize the exchange of air between the inside and outside of the pressure regulating chamber. It can be implemented by straight pipe, bent pipe or variable cross-section structure. The purpose is to ensure that the air pressure inside the pressure regulating chamber can be balanced in a timely manner with the fluctuation of water level, and to avoid pressure imbalance caused by airflow obstruction.

[0042] Specifically, the connection between the ventilation tunnel structure 7 and the upper chamber structure 6 allows the upper chamber structure 6, as the area with the most concentrated air compression, to form an effective air outflow channel through the ventilation tunnel structure 7 during the rising phase of the pressure regulating chamber water level. During the falling phase, external air can be rapidly introduced through this channel, thereby regulating the internal pressure in real time, avoiding violent water level fluctuations caused by sudden changes in air pressure, and maintaining the stability of the pressure regulating chamber operation.

[0043] As one specific implementation, the ventilation tunnel structure 7 can be a section of concrete pipe with a circular cross-section, one end of which is connected to the top area of ​​the upper chamber structure 6. The pipe is made of corrosion-resistant material to adapt to the humid environment inside the pressure regulating chamber.

[0044] Optionally, the ventilation tunnel structure 7 is inclined upward relative to the pressure regulating chamber well 1.

[0045] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 3As shown, the upward tilt can be understood as the extension direction of the ventilation tunnel structure 7 forming an upward tilt geometric relationship with respect to the axis of the pressure regulating chamber well 1. This can be achieved by using a rigid structure design with a fixed tilt angle. The purpose is to optimize the air flow path and block the reverse movement of water flow by utilizing the difference in gravitational potential energy.

[0046] Specifically, this solution involves tilting the vent structure 7 upward relative to the pressure regulating chamber well 1, allowing air to rise naturally along the tilted path under gravity during pressure regulating chamber operation. This effectively reduces airflow resistance and prevents airflow stagnation. Simultaneously, this tilt angle design forms a physical barrier during surges, preventing water from flowing backward into the vent structure 7 due to gravity. This blocks the backflow path of water and reduces the risk of water vapor accumulation, ultimately maintaining the stability of the internal pressure environment of the pressure regulating chamber.

[0047] Optionally, this impedance-type pressure regulating chamber also includes a pressure regulating chamber small well 8, which is connected to and communicates with the bottom of the pressure regulating chamber large well 1.

[0048] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 As shown, the surge tank small well 8 refers to the auxiliary well structure set at the bottom of the surge tank large well, which is used to provide additional impedance. It can be implemented by a cylindrical, rectangular or other geometrically shaped well structure. Its purpose is to increase the inertial resistance of the water flow and slow down the rate of water level change. The surge tank small well 8 is connected to the bottom of the surge tank large well 1 and communicates with it. It can be understood that the small well and the large well form a fluid channel at the bottom. It can be implemented by direct welding, flange connection or concrete casting as an integral molding, etc. Its purpose is to ensure a smooth water flow transition and avoid energy concentration.

[0049] Specifically, the solution in this application connects the bottom of the small well 8 and the large well 1 of the surge chamber, so that the water flow from the water flow system must pass through the constrained path of the small well before entering the large well. This structure effectively increases the inertial resistance of the water flow and slows down the rate of water level change. At the same time, the water flow smoothly transitions from below to the large well, avoiding the energy concentration caused by direct impact on the bottom of the large well. The geometric structure of the small well disperses the energy of water flow fluctuations, thereby reducing the amplitude of water level oscillation.

[0050] Optionally, the cross-sectional dimensions of the small pressure regulating chamber well 8 are smaller than the cross-sectional dimensions of the large pressure regulating chamber well 1.

[0051] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 Or attached Figure 3As shown, the cross-sectional dimensions of the small surge tank well 8 are designed to be smaller than those of the large surge tank well 1, allowing the small surge tank well 8 to function as an impedance orifice. When water flows through this narrowed orifice, it generates strong local resistance (head loss), consuming a significant amount of energy. This resistance acts like a "damper" to the oscillating system. By consuming energy, the impedance orifice significantly reduces the amplitude of water level fluctuations (i.e., the difference between the highest and lowest water levels) in the large surge tank well 1. Without the impedance orifice, the water level in the large surge tank well 1 would oscillate violently back and forth for a long time, like being in a large basin. The energy consumption process of the impedance orifice causes the free oscillation of the water level to decay rapidly, allowing the system to recover to a stable state more quickly and greatly shortening the stabilization time after changes in power plant load.

[0052] Optionally, this impedance-type surge tank also includes a water passage tunnel 9, with one end of the surge tank small well 8 away from the surge tank large well 1 connected to and communicating with the water passage tunnel 9.

[0053] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 As shown, the water passage tunnel 9 refers to the channel structure used to transmit downstream water flow. It can be a natural tunnel formed by rock excavation or an artificial channel lined with concrete. The purpose is to ensure the continuous transmission of water flow from the surge tank system to the downstream.

[0054] Specifically, this solution connects the end of the surge chamber small well 8, which is away from the surge chamber large well 1, directly to the water passage tunnel 9. This allows the water flow to smoothly flow from the end of the surge chamber small well 8 into the water passage tunnel 9 during the regulation process. This avoids eddies or backflow caused by sudden changes in direction or limited space, thereby effectively reducing the accumulation of hydraulic impact, stabilizing water flow, and suppressing the problem of excessive surge.

[0055] In addition, this utility model also provides a water diversion system for a hydropower station, including the impedance-type surge tank as described above.

[0056] Since the technical improvements and effects of the hydropower station's water intake system are the same as those of the impedance-type surge tank, the technical effects of the hydropower station's water intake system will not be described in detail.

[0057] Although the present invention has been disclosed above, its protection scope is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impedance-type voltage regulating chamber, characterized in that, include: The pressure regulating chamber well (1) and the ear hole structure (2) are provided. One end of the ear hole structure (2) is connected to the upper part of the pressure regulating chamber well (1). The ear hole structure (2) is provided with a counter-flushing groove (3) in the form of a semi-cylindrical cavity structure at the end away from the pressure regulating chamber well (1). The counter-flushing groove (3) is connected to the ear hole structure (2) and the semi-cylindrical sidewall of the counter-flushing groove (3) is opposite to the opening of the ear hole structure (2). A diversion pier (4) is provided at the end of the ear hole structure (2) near the counter-flushing groove (3). The water flow in the ear hole structure (2) is used to flow into the counter-flushing groove (3) in the form of diversion on both sides after passing through the diversion pier (4).

2. The impedance-type voltage regulating chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, An energy dissipation block (5) is provided inside the ear hole structure (2), which is used to reduce the water flow velocity of the ear hole structure (2).

3. The impedance-type voltage regulating chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner bottom wall of the ear hole structure (2) is provided with a plurality of energy dissipation blocks (5) at intervals.

4. The impedance-type voltage regulating chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure regulating chamber well (1) is arranged in a vertical direction, and the ear hole structure (2) is arranged inclined upward relative to the pressure regulating chamber well (1).

5. The impedance-type voltage regulating chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an upper chamber structure (6), which is located at the top of the pressure regulating chamber well (1) and communicates with it.

6. The impedance-type voltage regulating chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a ventilation tunnel structure (7), one end of which is connected to and communicates with the upper chamber structure (6).

7. The impedance-type voltage regulating chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ventilation tunnel structure (7) is inclined upward relative to the pressure regulating chamber well (1).

8. The impedance-type voltage regulating chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure regulating chamber small well (8), which is connected to and communicates with the bottom of the pressure regulating chamber large well (1). The cross-sectional dimensions of the pressure regulating chamber small well (8) are smaller than those of the pressure regulating chamber large well (1).

9. The impedance-type voltage regulating chamber according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a water passage tunnel (9), and the end of the pressure regulating chamber small well (8) away from the pressure regulating chamber large well (1) is connected to and communicates with the water passage tunnel (9).

10. A water diversion system for a hydropower station, characterized in that, Including the impedance-type voltage regulating chamber as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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