A concrete decelerator
By using a multi-stage deceleration mechanism, the problems of easy wear and aggregate separation of concrete buffers in water conservancy and hydropower projects have been solved, achieving concrete conveying with moderate flow rate and no segregation, thus improving construction quality and progress.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202620093749.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2036-01-23
AI Technical Summary
In water conservancy and hydropower projects, existing concrete buffers are expensive and prone to wear, resulting in high construction costs and delays. Furthermore, concrete is prone to aggregate segregation during vertical transportation, affecting construction quality and safety.
Design a concrete decelerator that employs a multi-stage deceleration mechanism, including a combined variable diameter pipe, a rectangular box, and a fixed plate. It controls the falling speed of concrete through an offset flow channel, staggered steel plates, and rubber pads to prevent segregation and reduce impact.
This achieves a moderate flow rate of concrete during its descent, preventing segregation, reducing impact on the well wall, minimizing equipment wear, ensuring construction quality and schedule, and providing an economical and efficient construction solution.
Smart Images
Figure CN224943153U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of concrete construction engineering technology, and in particular to a concrete decelerator. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of water conservancy and hydropower (underground) engineering construction, to ensure construction progress and shorten the construction period, vertical transportation has become a key technical choice for concrete pouring in special structures such as deep shafts and underground caverns due to its high efficiency. However, such projects often face vertical drops of hundreds of meters. When concrete falls at high speed under gravity, aggregate segregation is easily caused due to the difference in movement speed between aggregates and mortar. This directly leads to a sharp decrease in the workability of the concrete, which seriously affects the core quality indicators such as the strength and density of the poured body, and may even cause structural safety hazards. Therefore, setting up buffer devices in the vertical transportation path to reduce impact force and suppress aggregate segregation has become a core link in ensuring construction quality.
[0003] Currently, conventional shock absorbers used in engineering projects are expensive, and large-scale application would significantly increase project investment. Furthermore, because they often use simple straight surfaces or single-angled inclined planes to catch high-speed falling concrete, the concrete concentrates its impact on specific areas, creating localized high-stress zones that accelerate wear. When pouring large volumes of concrete (such as large-volume foundations or cavern linings), the equipment is prone to failure due to excessive wear, requiring frequent shutdowns for replacement. This not only further increases construction costs but also delays construction progress due to interruptions in the pouring process. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address or partially address the problems existing in related technologies, this application provides a concrete decelerator that simplifies structural design while incorporating a multi-stage deceleration mechanism to control the concrete falling speed, prevent segregation, and reduce impact on the well wall.
[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a concrete decelerator, comprising: a circular pipe, a combined reducing pipe, a rectangular box, and fixing plates. An installation hole is provided on one side of the center line of the rectangular box. The combined reducing pipe is symmetrically connected to both sides of the rectangular box based on the installation hole, forming an interconnected cavity with the rectangular box. At least two fixing plates are installed obliquely inside the rectangular box, and the fixing plates are staggered to form a flow guiding channel. The combined reducing pipe is connected to the circular pipe through a flange and is connected to the conveying pipeline based on the circular pipe.
[0006] The rectangular box contains two fixing plates. The upper fixing plate is located directly below the mounting hole and slopes from right to left, while the lower fixing plate is located below the upper fixing plate and slopes from left to right.
[0007] Rubber pads are laid on the surface of the fixed plate and the easily worn areas of the rectangular box, and the surface of the rubber pads has micro-convex stripes.
[0008] The rectangular box is equipped with observation ports, and a movable plate is installed on the rectangular box to correspond to the observation ports.
[0009] The rectangular box is equipped with lifting rings, which are connected to the shaft opening and shaft wall by lifting ropes.
[0010] The technical solution provided in this application may include the following beneficial effects: This application provides a concrete decelerator that extends the flow path through an offset channel, increases resistance through staggered steel plates, and regulates the flow velocity in stages by multiple diameter changes, forming a "stepped deceleration barrier." This ultimately achieves the construction requirements of "moderate flow velocity, no segregation, and minimal impact" during concrete descent. The device disperses impact force at the source, reducing localized wear concentration. Its simple and reliable design solves the problems of high cost, severe wear, and impact on construction progress and quality associated with traditional buffers, providing an economical and efficient technical solution for the vertical transport of concrete in water conservancy and hydropower (underground) projects.
[0011] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description
[0012] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the concrete deceleration device shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view (AA) of the concrete deceleration device shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure label: 1—Combined reducing pipe; 2—Flange; 3—Round pipe; 4—Rectangular box; 5—Movable plate; 6—Fixed plate; 7—Lifting ring. Detailed Implementation
[0014] Embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.
[0015] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0016] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0017] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The concrete decelerator shown includes: a circular pipe 3, a combined reducing pipe 1, a rectangular box 4, a fixing plate 6, a flange 2, and a lifting ring 7. The rectangular box 4 is composed of six welded steel plates. An observation port is provided at the top of the rectangular box 4, and a movable plate 5 is installed on the rectangular box 4 corresponding to the observation port. The situation inside the box can be monitored in real time by opening the movable plate 5. The lifting ring 7 is installed on the rectangular box 4, and the lifting ring 7 is connected to the shaft opening and the shaft wall by a lifting rope.
[0020] Two mounting holes are made on the right side of the box's centerline. The combined reducing pipe 1 is symmetrically connected to the top and bottom of the rectangular box 4 based on the mounting holes, forming an interconnected cavity with the rectangular box 4. Finally, the rectangular box 4 is divided into left and right parts along the centerline. The right box is symmetrically connected with the combined reducing pipe 1 to form an interconnected cavity. This offset design makes the flow path of the concrete "zigzag". After the concrete enters the right box from the upper circular pipe 3, it must first flow to the left (passing through the area near the centerline of the box) and then flow to the right into the lower circular pipe 3. The path length is increased by nearly double. During the flow, the change in direction generates impact resistance, which can initially reduce the flow velocity.
[0021] The combined reducing pipe 1 consists of upper and lower sections. The upper section is a frustum-shaped section, narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, while the lower section is a cylindrical section matching the maximum diameter of the upper section. The cylindrical section is welded to the rectangular box 4. The smallest diameter end of the frustum-shaped section is connected to the circular pipe 3 via a flange 2, and is connected to the conveying pipeline via the circular pipe 3, allowing the device to operate within the conveying pipeline. During the process, when concrete transitions from the smaller diameter circular pipe 3 through the frustum-shaped section to the larger diameter cylindrical section, according to fluid mechanics, "when the flow rate is constant, the flow velocity decreases as the pipe diameter increases," the flow velocity is initially slowed down to avoid high-speed impact on the box. After flowing into the box, because the box size is larger than the cylindrical section, the flow space is further expanded, and the flow velocity decreases again, providing a buffer space for the concrete to fully interact with the fixed plate 6 (deceleration and guidance) within the box, avoiding congestion caused by narrow space. After being decelerated by the box, the concrete flows back into the lower circular pipe 3 through the combined reducing pipe 1 below. The reduced pipe diameter appropriately increases the flow velocity (avoiding stagnation), while simultaneously adapting to the conveying needs of the downstream chute, ensuring that the concrete can stably enter the pouring area.
[0022] Two fixing plates 6 are installed at an angle inside the rectangular box 4, and the fixing plates 6 are staggered to form a guide channel. The upper fixing plate 6 is located directly below the mounting hole and slopes from right to left, while the lower fixing plate 6 is located below the upper fixing plate 6 and slopes from left to right. Rubber pads are laid on the surface of the fixing plates 6 and in the easily worn areas of the rectangular box 4, and the surface of the rubber pads has micro-raised stripes.
[0023] When concrete enters the right box from the upper circular pipe 3, it is first blocked by the upper fixed plate 6, forced to flow downwards and to the left along the inclined surface (changing the flow direction), and the flow velocity is reduced due to impact and friction. The lower fixed plate 6 receives the concrete flowing down from the left, blocking and guiding it downwards and to the right again, thus slowing it down a second time. This staggered inclined design not only extends the flow path but also uses gravity to guide the concrete to fall gradually, avoiding blockages caused by vertical obstruction. At the same time, the two changes in direction (right → left → right) further consume kinetic energy, ensuring that the flow velocity is reduced to a safe range.
[0024] High-strength, wear-resistant rubber pads, such as nitrile rubber pads with added silicon carbide particles or high-hardness polyurethane rubber pads, are directly laid on the surface of the fixed steel plate and in easily worn areas of the box body. The rubber pads are fixed with countersunk bolts. The surface of the rubber pad adopts a biomimetic texture design, with micro-convex stripes similar to shark skin, reducing the contact area with concrete and lowering frictional resistance. The micro-convex stripes cause the concrete to form micro-vortices when flowing, reducing the direct contact area with the rubber pad. This effectively reduces frictional resistance and avoids localized wear caused by aggregate retention on the surface. When concrete flows over the surface of the rubber pad, the mortar component in the concrete fills the grooves of the stripes, while the aggregate mainly contacts the raised parts of the stripes. This is equivalent to transforming "surface contact" into "line contact" through the stripe structure, reducing the direct friction area between the aggregate and the rubber pad. At the same time, when the stripe direction is consistent with the concrete flow direction, it can guide the fluid to flow smoothly along the stripes, reducing the additional frictional resistance caused by flow turbulence. This principle is consistent with the mechanism by which the surface texture of shark skin reduces water flow resistance. Ultimately, by extending the flow path (the offset circular tube 3 design nearly doubles the path), changing the direction multiple times, and using the buffering effect of the rubber pad, the relative movement of aggregates and mortar inside the concrete is suppressed, effectively maintaining workability.
[0025] Specifically, it is made of Q300 welded steel pipes connected to a box body welded to steel plates. The upper and lower round pipes are connected by a flange for diameter reduction. The box body formed by welding steel pipes and connecting plates is welded to form interconnected cavities. A movable steel plate is welded to the upper section of the box body to serve as an observation window. A fixed steel plate is welded inside to serve as a speed reduction device. An A25 lifting ring is installed on each side of the upper round pipe and the box body. The lifting rings are connected to the shaft opening and shaft wall by a lifting rope.
[0026] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relationships such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "include," "contain," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0027] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.
[0028] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.
[0029] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.
[0030] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A concrete decelerator, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a circular pipe, a combined reducing pipe, a rectangular box, and fixed plates. The rectangular box has a mounting hole on one side of its center line. The combined reducing pipe is symmetrically connected to both sides of the rectangular box based on the mounting hole, forming an interconnected cavity with the rectangular box. At least two fixed plates are installed obliquely inside the rectangular box, and the fixed plates are staggered to form a flow guiding channel. The combined reducing pipe is connected to the circular pipe through a flange and is connected to the conveying pipeline based on the circular pipe.
2. The concrete decelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular box contains two fixing plates. The upper fixing plate is located directly below the mounting hole and slopes from right to left, while the lower fixing plate is located below the upper fixing plate and slopes from left to right.
3. The concrete decelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Rubber pads are laid on the surface of the fixing plate and the easily worn areas of the rectangular box, and the surface of the rubber pads has micro-convex stripes.
4. The concrete decelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular box is also provided with an observation port, and a movable plate is installed on the rectangular box corresponding to the observation port.
5. The concrete decelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular box is equipped with a lifting ring, which is connected to the shaft opening and shaft wall by a lifting rope.