A type of gabion cofferdam

Abstract

This utility model discloses a gabion cofferdam, relating to the field of water-retaining cofferdams, comprising: a first retaining wall comprising multiple layers of gabions stacked sequentially from bottom to top, with one side of the multiple layers of gabions being flush and forming a vertical plane, and the other side being distributed in a stepped manner; a water-stop steel plate with its back side attached to the vertical plane of one side of the multiple layers of gabions, the bottom end of the water-stop steel plate bent towards the first retaining wall and extending to below the bottom surface of the first retaining wall, and the top end of the water-stop steel plate bent towards the first retaining wall; an anti-slide pile assembly comprising anti-slide piles and crossbeams, with the bottom end of the anti-slide piles inserted into the foundation. Addressing the problems of conventional water-retaining cofferdams such as poor erosion resistance, large footprint, severely compressing flood control or construction space, high construction and dismantling difficulty and cost, and significant environmental impact, the gabions themselves are filled with stones, resulting in less environmental impact during construction and dismantling, and strong erosion resistance. The anti-slide piles of the anti-slide pile assembly are inserted into the foundation, and the crossbeams abut against the stepped side of the gabions. The material cost during construction is lower than that of steel sheet piles and concrete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water-retaining cofferdams, and in particular to a gabion cofferdam. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy engineering construction, cofferdams are frequently used to impede water. Currently, commonly used cofferdam types include conventional earth-rock cofferdams, sand (soil) bag cofferdams, steel sheet pile cofferdams, and concrete cofferdams.

[0003] Conventional earth-rock cofferdams and sand (soil) bag cofferdams are prone to problems such as erosion collapse or leakage due to the weak erosion resistance of their materials. In addition, to ensure the stability of the cofferdam slope, slopes are generally required on both sides, and the slope ratio is usually 1:1 or even gentler, resulting in a large cofferdam volume, occupying a large riverbed area, and causing insufficient flood discharge cross-section of the river channel. Furthermore, the above-mentioned cofferdams require a lot of manpower and material resources (such as excavators and transport vehicles) to dismantle. If the dismantling is not thorough, residual soil and rocks may remain, affecting subsequent river management.

[0004] Driven sheet pile cofferdams require penetration into impermeable layers. If hard rock layers or boulders are encountered, they are prone to deviation or cannot be driven, requiring auxiliary measures such as pilot holes and high-pressure water jets, which increases the difficulty of construction. At the same time, sheet piles are expensive and require specialized pile driving equipment (such as vibratory hammers and hydraulic hammers), resulting in high construction costs. In addition, the interlocks of sheet piles are prone to leakage due to deformation or blockage by debris, requiring the use of materials such as grease and cotton wool to fill the interlocks, increasing the cost of seepage prevention treatment.

[0005] Concrete cofferdams are expensive and require formwork, pouring, and curing processes, and require dry construction, making their construction costs far higher than other cofferdams. Furthermore, concrete cofferdams have high strength, and their dismantling requires blasting or large machinery, which has a significant impact on the surrounding environment (such as vibration and flying rocks). They are also difficult to completely dismantle, and residual concrete blocks may affect the river's ecology. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a gabion cofferdam that uses multi-layered gabions stacked together to support water-stopping steel plates to achieve water retention.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted: A gabion cofferdam includes: The first retaining wall consists of multiple layers of gabions stacked from bottom to top. One side of each gabion is flush and forms a vertical plane, while the other side is distributed in a stepped manner. The side of the water-stop steel plate away from the multi-layer gabion is the water-facing side, and the back side of the water-stop steel plate is attached to the vertical plane of one side of the multi-layer gabion. The bottom end of the water-stop steel plate is bent towards the first retaining wall and extends to the bottom surface of the first retaining wall, and the top end of the water-stop steel plate is bent towards the first retaining wall and extends to the top surface of the first retaining wall. The anti-slide pile assembly includes an anti-slide pile and a crossbeam. The bottom end of the anti-slide pile is inserted into the foundation, and the top end is above the ground. The crossbeam is connected to the part of the anti-slide pile above the ground, and one side of the crossbeam abuts against the stepped gabion on one side.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the width between the two sides of the multi-layered gabion gradually decreases from bottom to top to form a stepped shape.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the waterstop steel plate is connected to a plurality of embedded parts, and the end of the embedded part away from the waterstop steel plate is buried between the gabions of adjacent layers.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the embedded part is an embedded steel bar or an embedded steel plate, and the embedded part is fixedly connected to the gabion and to the waterstop steel plate.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, soil bags are pressed onto the water-stop steel plate above the first retaining wall.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, the gabion is a cuboid structure with an outer cage-like shell and an interior filled with stone.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, a grouting layer is formed outside the segment of the anti-slide pile inserted into the foundation.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the anti-slide piles are provided in multiples, distributed sequentially at intervals along the extension direction of the first retaining wall, and the crossbeams connect the multiple anti-slide piles. Multiple crossbeams are connected to the same anti-slide pile, and the multiple crossbeams abut against the gabions respectively.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment, the system also includes a second retaining wall, which comprises multiple layers of gabions stacked sequentially from bottom to top. One side of each gabion is flush and forms a vertically distributed auxiliary plane, while the other side is distributed in a stepped manner. The water-facing side of the water-stop steel plate is attached to the auxiliary plane of the second retaining wall.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment, the first retaining wall and the second retaining wall are distributed at the same height.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: Addressing the issues of poor erosion resistance, large land occupation, severe compression of flood control or construction space, high construction and dismantling difficulties and costs, and significant environmental impact associated with conventional cofferdams, gabions, filled with stones, possess a robust structure, excellent stability, and strong erosion resistance, significantly reducing the required land area. Water-stop steel plates are fitted to the vertical plane of the gabion, with bent designs at the bottom and top forming a continuous water-stop barrier that blocks water seepage, effectively solving leakage problems. The steel plates' robustness also resists water erosion, preventing collapse. The gabions are constructed from multiple stacked layers, allowing for on-site assembly and stacking during construction. During dismantling, the gabions can be disassembled, and the stones and other materials can be recycled or disposed of on-site, eliminating the need for large machinery for crushing or extensive manpower and material transportation, and minimizing debris impact on the river channel. The anti-slide pile components are inserted into the foundation, with crossbeams abutting the gabion steps, ensuring the stability of the gabion retaining wall. The material cost is lower than that of steel sheet piles and concrete.

[0018] This stepped structure creates a vertical plane on the water-facing side (the side that fits against the water-stop steel plate) after the gabions are stacked, ensuring the fit of the water-stop steel plate. The stepped shape on the back side provides abutment support points for the crossbeams of the anti-slide pile components. At the same time, the gabions' own weight and the stepped center of gravity distribution enhance the overall retaining wall's anti-overturning and anti-slide stability, reducing the possibility of lateral deformation.

[0019] Multiple anti-slide piles and crossbeams form a mesh-like support structure, distributing the lateral sliding force of the gabion retaining wall to multiple anti-slide piles, which then transfer it to the foundation. Multiple crossbeams abut against the stepped sides of the gabion, making the gabion layer more evenly stressed and avoiding local stress concentration that could lead to gabion damage.

[0020] The water-stop steel plate is sandwiched between the first and second retaining walls, with its two sides fitting into the vertical and auxiliary planes of the two retaining walls respectively, forming double-sided support and constraint; the two gabion retaining walls of equal height fix the water-stop steel plate from both sides, while preventing the vertical plane gabion from yielding and failing under excessive self-weight pressure, thus ensuring the strength and stability of the cofferdam retaining wall itself. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a gabion cofferdam in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-slide pile component in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing gabions arranged on both sides of the water-stop steel plate in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] Labeling explanations (in order of first appearance): 1. Waterstop steel plate; 2. Embedded parts; 3. Foundation; 4. Soil bag; 5. Gabion; 6. Anti-slide pile assembly; 7. Grouting layer; 8. Crossbeam; 9. Anti-slide pile. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Existing conventional earth-rock cofferdams and sandbag cofferdams have weak erosion resistance, are prone to erosion collapse and leakage; stabilizing the slope requires a large slope ratio, resulting in large cofferdam volume, large riverbed area occupation, and insufficient flood discharge capacity; dismantling is labor-intensive and leaves residues. Driven steel sheet pile cofferdams are prone to deflection when encountering hard rock or boulders, are difficult to drive, require auxiliary measures, have high material and construction costs, and are prone to leakage at the interlocks. Concrete cofferdams are costly, involve many construction procedures, are difficult to dismantle, have a significant environmental impact, and leave residues. Based on this, this embodiment provides a gabion cofferdam, which has good erosion resistance and seepage prevention effects, a compact structure, small riverbed area occupation, convenient construction and dismantling, and minimal environmental impact.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the gabion cofferdam mainly consists of a first retaining wall, a water-stop steel plate 1, and an anti-sliding pile assembly 6.

[0028] The first retaining wall is composed of multiple layers of gabions 5 stacked sequentially from bottom to top. One side of each layer of gabions 5 is flush to form a vertical plane, while the other side is distributed in a stepped pattern. The first retaining wall is recessed layer by layer from bottom to top on the back side of the multiple layers of gabions 5, and the width of each recess is greater than or equal to the height of a single layer of gabion 5.

[0029] The side of the water-stop steel plate 1 away from the multi-layer gabion 5 is the water-facing side, and the back side is attached to the vertical plane of the multi-layer gabion 5. The bottom end bends towards the first retaining wall and extends to the bottom surface of the first retaining wall, and the top end bends towards the first retaining wall and extends to the top surface of the first retaining wall.

[0030] The anti-slide pile assembly 6 includes an anti-slide pile 9 and a crossbeam 8. The bottom end of the anti-slide pile 9 is inserted into the foundation 3, and the top end is above the ground. The crossbeam 8 is connected to the part of the anti-slide pile 9 above the ground, and one side abuts against the side of the stepped distribution of the gabion 5.

[0031] Gabion 5 is a rectangular structure with an outer cage-like shell and is filled with stone. The cage-like shell provides a constrained space for the stone, allowing it to form a monolithic block structure after filling. The stone's own weight and interlocking action enhance the gabion 5's resistance to erosion and deformation. The rectangular structure facilitates multi-layer stacking to form a regular retaining wall structure, which fits tightly with the water-stop steel plate 1 and the anti-slide pile assembly 6.

[0032] Gabion 5 itself has good erosion resistance and structural stability. The cage-like shell and stone filling design make it easy to assemble and fill on site, and the stone can be sourced locally, reducing material costs. In addition, the disassembly of gabion 5 also facilitates subsequent dismantling.

[0033] The gabion 5 is filled with stones and other materials, making it structurally robust and resistant to erosion. The water-stop steel plate 1 is fitted into the vertical plane of the gabion 5. The water-stop steel plate 1 can be made by welding multiple steel plates together to form a whole. The bending design at the bottom and top forms a continuous water-stop barrier. The upper and lower positions are bent at 90° towards the first retaining wall, blocking the water seepage path and effectively solving the leakage problem. At the same time, the robustness of the water-stop steel plate 1 also resists water erosion and prevents collapse.

[0034] Gabion 5 is composed of multiple stacked layers, which can be assembled and stacked on-site during construction. During dismantling, gabion 5 can be disassembled, and the stones and other materials can be recycled or disposed of on-site, eliminating the need for large machinery for crushing or extensive manpower and material transportation, and preventing excessive debris from affecting the river channel. The anti-slide pile component 6 has its anti-slide piles 9 inserted into the foundation 3, and the crossbeams 8 abutting against the stepped side of gabion 5, ensuring the anti-slide stability of the gabion 5 retaining wall. Compared to sheet pile construction, it does not require complex pile driving auxiliary measures, and the material cost is lower than that of sheet piles and concrete.

[0035] The gabion cofferdam provided in this embodiment has excellent scour resistance and seepage prevention performance, avoiding engineering hazards caused by scour collapse and leakage, and ensuring the water-blocking stability of the cofferdam. Furthermore, the gabion cofferdam is easy to construct, the materials are readily available and low in cost, and the dismantling process is efficient and environmentally friendly, reducing manpower and material consumption and avoiding the impact of residual debris on subsequent river management.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, from bottom to top, the width between the two sides of the multi-layered gabions 5 of the first retaining wall gradually decreases, forming a stepped shape. The stepped structure ensures that the water-facing side (the side in contact with the water-stop steel plate 1) of the stacked gabions 5 forms a vertical plane, guaranteeing the fit of the water-stop steel plate 1; the stepped shape on the back side provides abutment support points for the crossbeams 8 of the anti-slide pile assembly 6. At the same time, by utilizing the gravity of the gabions 5 themselves and the stepped center of gravity distribution, the overall retaining wall's anti-overturning and anti-slide stability is enhanced, reducing the possibility of lateral deformation.

[0037] By optimizing the spatial layout of the gabion 5, it not only ensures effective fit with the water-stop steel plate 1, but also provides a reliable support structure for the anti-slide pile component 6, further improving the overall stability of the cofferdam, while making the structural transition more reasonable and the stress distribution more uniform.

[0038] Multiple embedded parts 2 are connected to the waterstop steel plate 1. The ends of the embedded parts 2 furthest from the waterstop steel plate 1 are embedded between the gabions 5 in adjacent layers. The embedded parts 2 are embedded steel bars or embedded steel plates, and the embedded parts 2 are fixedly connected to the gabions 5 and the waterstop steel plate 1, such as by spot welding, to ensure a reliable connection between the waterstop steel plate 1 and the first retaining wall. The embedded parts 2 tightly connect the waterstop steel plate 1 and the gabion 5 layers into a whole. By utilizing the mechanical connection of the steel bars or steel plates, the tensile and shear forces between the waterstop steel plate 1 and the gabion 5 are transmitted, preventing relative sliding or separation between the waterstop steel plate 1 and the gabion 5 layers, and ensuring the waterstop function and structural stability of the waterstop steel plate 1.

[0039] By configuring the embedded part 2, the connection strength between the waterstop steel plate 1 and the gabion 5 retaining wall is enhanced, so that the two work together, further improving the seepage prevention effect and the overall rigidity of the structure, avoiding the displacement of the waterstop steel plate 1 due to water flow impact or soil pressure, and ensuring the water-blocking reliability of the cofferdam.

[0040] Soil bags 4 are placed on the water-stop steel plate 1 above the first retaining wall. The weight of the soil bags 4 acts on the top of the water-stop steel plate 1, increasing the vertical pressure on the top of the water-stop steel plate 1, thereby increasing the friction between the water-stop steel plate 1 and the gabion 5 layers. At the same time, it also plays a role in vertically fixing the water-stop steel plate 1, preventing the water-stop steel plate 1 from shifting upward due to factors such as water flow impact.

[0041] By configuring soil bags 4, the positional stability of the waterstop steel plate 1 is ensured, and the reliability of seepage prevention is improved. Especially at high water levels, it can effectively resist the upward force of water flow on the waterstop steel plate 1, ensuring that the seepage prevention effect is continuous and effective.

[0042] A grouting layer 7 is formed outside the segment of the anti-slide pile 9 inserted into the foundation 3. The anti-slide pile 9 is fixed in the rock foundation 3 by drilling and filling cement mortar with a plumb bob. The grouting layer 7 fills the gap between the anti-slide pile 9 and the drilled hole in the foundation 3. With the bonding effect of cement mortar, the anti-slide pile 9 is firmly bonded to the rock or soil of the foundation 3, which enhances the horizontal resistance of the anti-slide pile 9 and enables the anti-slide pile 9 to more effectively transmit and resist the lateral sliding force of the cofferdam.

[0043] Grouting improved the pull-out and shear resistance of the anti-slide piles 9, making the support of the anti-slide pile components 6 for the gabion retaining wall 5 more reliable, further enhancing the overall anti-slide stability of the cofferdam, and preventing the cofferdam from sliding or collapsing due to excessive lateral force.

[0044] Multiple anti-slide piles 9 are provided, distributed sequentially at intervals along the extension direction of the first retaining wall; crossbeams 8 connect multiple anti-slide piles 9, and multiple crossbeams 8 are connected to the same anti-slide pile 9, with each crossbeam 8 abutting against the gabion 5. The multiple anti-slide piles 9 and crossbeams 8 form a mesh-like support structure, dispersing the lateral sliding force of the gabion 5 retaining wall to the multiple anti-slide piles 9, which are then transferred to the foundation 3; the multiple crossbeams 8 abut against the stepped sides of the gabion 5, making the stress distribution of the gabion 5 layers more uniform and avoiding local stress concentration that could lead to damage to the gabion 5.

[0045] By combining multiple anti-slide piles 9 with multiple crossbeams 8, the supporting effect of the anti-slide pile assembly 6 is made more uniform and reliable, effectively dispersing the load, improving the overall anti-lateral displacement capacity of the cofferdam, ensuring the stability of the structure under various loads, and extending the service life of the cofferdam.

[0046] If the height of the cofferdam is too high, in order to ensure the stability of the entire gabion cofferdam, a second retaining wall can be added on the water-facing side of the water-stop steel plate 1. The second retaining wall includes multiple layers of gabions 5 stacked from bottom to top. The multiple layers of gabions 5 are flush on one side to form a vertically distributed auxiliary plane, and are distributed in a stepped manner on the other side. The water-facing side of the water-stop steel plate 1 is attached to the auxiliary plane of the second retaining wall. The first retaining wall and the second retaining wall are distributed at the same height.

[0047] The water-stop steel plate 1 is sandwiched between the first and second retaining walls, with its two sides fitting into the vertical plane and auxiliary plane of the two retaining walls respectively, forming double-sided support and constraint; the two gabion retaining walls 5 of equal height fix the water-stop steel plate 1 from both sides, while preventing the vertical plane gabion from yielding and failing under excessive self-weight pressure, thus ensuring the strength and stability of the cofferdam retaining wall itself.

[0048] The configuration of a second retaining wall enhances the seepage prevention reliability and structural stability of the waterstop steel plate 1. The double-sided support makes the waterstop steel plate 1 less prone to deformation or displacement. The double retaining wall structure also improves the overall strength and stability of the cofferdam, making the cofferdam more adaptable to complex hydrogeological conditions and more effective in blocking water.

[0049] The specific embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications or substitutions to the utility model are also within the scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent transformations, modifications, and improvements made without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model should be covered within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A gabion cofferdam, characterized in that, include: The first retaining wall consists of multiple layers of gabions stacked from bottom to top. One side of each gabion is flush and forms a vertical plane, while the other side is distributed in a stepped manner. The side of the water-stop steel plate away from the multi-layer gabion is the water-facing side, and the back side of the water-stop steel plate is attached to the vertical plane of one side of the multi-layer gabion. The bottom end of the water-stop steel plate is bent towards the first retaining wall and extends to the bottom surface of the first retaining wall, and the top end of the water-stop steel plate is bent towards the first retaining wall and extends to the top surface of the first retaining wall. The anti-slide pile assembly includes an anti-slide pile and a crossbeam. The bottom end of the anti-slide pile is inserted into the foundation, and the top end is above the ground. The crossbeam is connected to the part of the anti-slide pile above the ground, and one side of the crossbeam abuts against the stepped gabion on one side.

2. The stone mattress cofferdam of claim 1, wherein, From bottom to top, the width between the two sides of the multi-layered gabion gradually decreases to form a stepped shape.

3. The gabion cofferdam as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The water-stop steel plate is connected to multiple embedded parts, and the end of the embedded part away from the water-stop steel plate is buried between the gabions of adjacent layers.

4. The gabion cofferdam as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The embedded parts are embedded steel bars or embedded steel plates, and the embedded parts are fixedly connected to the gabion and to the waterstop steel plate.

5. The gabion cofferdam as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Soil bags are pressed onto the water-stop steel plate above the first retaining wall.

6. The gabion cofferdam as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gabion is a rectangular structure with an outer cage-like shell and an interior filled with stone.

7. The gabion cofferdam as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A grouting layer is formed outside the segment of the anti-slide pile inserted into the foundation.

8. The gabion cofferdam as described in claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The anti-slide piles are provided in multiples and are distributed at intervals along the extension direction of the first retaining wall. The crossbeams connect the multiple anti-slide piles, and multiple crossbeams are connected to the same anti-slide pile. The multiple crossbeams abut against the gabions respectively.

9. The gabion cofferdam as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second retaining wall, which consists of multiple layers of gabions stacked from bottom to top. The multiple layers of gabions are flush on one side and form a vertically distributed auxiliary plane, while the other side is distributed in a stepped manner. The water-facing side of the water-stop steel plate is attached to the auxiliary plane of the second retaining wall.

10. The gabion cofferdam as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The first retaining wall and the second retaining wall are distributed at the same height.

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