A multi-functional fireproof safety floor

Abstract

This utility model proposes a multifunctional fireproof and safe floor, which includes, from top to bottom, a transparent layer, a decorative layer, a rigid flame-retardant layer, a heat insulation layer, a sound-absorbing layer, and a balancing layer. It has basic flame-retardant function while ensuring the aesthetics of the fireproof floor, and also has heat insulation and sound absorption functions. The balancing layer is composed of several polyolefin films impregnated with flame retardants, which makes the fireproof and safe floor moisture-proof and prevents it from warping. Expandable flame-retardant microcapsules are embedded in the rigid flame-retardant layer, which, together with the rigid flame-retardant layer, achieves secondary trigger flame retardancy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fireproof and flame-retardant flooring technology, and in particular to a multifunctional fireproof and safe flooring. Background Technology

[0002] Fire safety has always been a major concern in the current construction and decoration industry. Traditional flooring materials often fail to provide effective fire protection in the face of fire, and may even become accelerants that help the fire spread. This not only poses a serious threat to people's lives and property, but also increases the difficulty of rescue operations after a fire breaks out.

[0003] While existing fire-resistant flooring technologies have improved the fire resistance of flooring to some extent, they still have many shortcomings. For example, some fire-resistant floors are prone to deformation, cracking, and even loss of structural strength under high temperatures; some floors, although containing flame retardants, have limited flame-retardant effects and may pollute the environment. The pursuit of high flame retardancy in some fire-resistant floors often comes at the expense of comfort, aesthetics, lightweighting, or other physical properties, and like ordinary flooring, they are difficult to handle warping caused by rising moisture, further affecting the overall aesthetics of the flooring installation. Furthermore, fire-resistant floors are relatively limited in function and cannot simultaneously meet multiple needs such as heat insulation and sound absorption. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defects of the existing technology. This utility model proposes a multifunctional fireproof safety floor that enhances the flame retardant effect of the fireproof floor while ensuring its own moisture resistance, so that the fireproof floor can maintain stable physical properties and aesthetics during long-term use.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a multifunctional fireproof and safe floor, which includes, from top to bottom, a transparent layer, a decorative layer, a rigid flame retardant layer, a heat insulation layer, a sound absorption layer and a balancing layer. The balancing layer is composed of several polyolefin films impregnated with flame retardants, and an intumescent flame retardant microcapsule is embedded in the rigid flame retardant layer.

[0006] In some embodiments, the rigid flame-retardant layer is a high-filler SPC substrate, wherein the calcium carbonate filling content is greater than 70%, which can effectively improve the rigidity and flame-retardant performance of the floor. In the event of a fire, it can better prevent the spread of fire and buy more time for personnel evacuation and fire rescue.

[0007] In some embodiments, the insulation layer is an insulation felt layer composed of a flexible fiber carrier and silica aerogel. Therefore, it can effectively block heat transfer, reduce the temperature of the space below the floor, protect the items below from high temperature damage, and also reduce the conduction of heat to the floor below, thus preventing the fire on the upper floor from affecting the lower floor.

[0008] In some embodiments, a graphene thermally conductive film is further disposed between the decorative layer and the rigid flame-retardant layer. The decorative layer is laminated on the graphene thermally conductive film. The graphene thermally conductive film is electrically connected to a monitoring module located below the rigid flame-retardant layer. The monitoring module is configured to monitor the resistance change of the graphene thermally conductive film in real time and issue warnings based on the resistance change threshold range. Therefore, it can promptly detect abnormal situations caused by high temperature, fire sources, etc. in local areas of the floor. When the resistance change of the graphene thermally conductive film exceeds the set threshold range, the monitoring module will quickly issue a warning signal to remind personnel to pay attention to potential safety risks so that timely countermeasures can be taken to prevent the occurrence and spread of fire.

[0009] In some embodiments, the balance layer has an installation slot, which is closed by a cover plate. The monitoring module is fixedly installed in the installation slot, thus effectively protecting the monitoring module from external environmental interference and physical damage, extending its service life, and facilitating subsequent maintenance and repair. When it is necessary to inspect or replace the monitoring module, it can be operated simply by opening the cover plate, which is very convenient.

[0010] In some embodiments, an insulating and thermally conductive pad is provided between the monitoring module and the cover plate, which can ensure good thermal conductivity between the monitoring module and the cover plate while providing reliable insulation protection to prevent safety accidents caused by electrical faults such as leakage, and further improve the overall safety performance of the floor.

[0011] In some embodiments, an insulating and sealed housing is provided below the balance layer, and the monitoring module is fixedly installed in the housing. Therefore, a dry, dustproof and insulating closed environment can be provided for the monitoring module, effectively avoiding the adverse effects of external moisture and dust on the monitoring module, ensuring its stable and reliable operation, and also enhancing the stability and safety of the floor bottom structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the monitoring module includes a microprocessor, a communication module, and a power module; wherein the power module supplies power to the microprocessor and the communication module, the microprocessor monitors the resistance change range and rate of the graphene thermal conductive film in real time, and can drive the communication module to complete the linkage alarm, thus enabling accurate monitoring and rapid response to the floor safety status.

[0013] In some embodiments, the sound-absorbing layer is a soft, porous structure made of recycled tire rubber powder or environmentally friendly polyurethane foam. Therefore, it can effectively absorb and reduce noise generated by walking, moving objects, etc., creating a quiet and comfortable indoor environment. It is especially suitable for places with high acoustic requirements, such as libraries, hospital wards, and high-end office buildings. The use of recycled tire rubber powder or environmentally friendly polyurethane foam aligns with green principles.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model include: In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the multifunctional fireproof safety floor includes, from top to bottom, a transparent layer, a decorative layer, a rigid flame-retardant layer, a heat insulation layer, a sound-absorbing layer, and a balancing layer. It has basic flame-retardant function while ensuring the aesthetics of the fireproof floor, and also has heat insulation and sound absorption functions. The balancing layer is composed of several polyolefin films impregnated with flame retardants, which makes the fireproof safety floor moisture-proof and prevents it from warping. Expandable flame-retardant microcapsules are embedded in the rigid flame-retardant layer, which works with the rigid flame-retardant layer to achieve secondary trigger flame retardancy. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The disclosure of this utility model is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts. Wherein: Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the multifunctional fireproof safety floor according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the multifunctional fireproof safety floor according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic representation Figure 2 A magnified view of the local structure in region A; Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the multifunctional fireproof safety floor proposed according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] The numbers in the diagram are: 1-transparent layer, 2-decorative layer, 3-graphene thermal conductive film, 4-rigid flame retardant layer, 5-heat insulation layer, 6-sound absorption layer, 7-balance layer, 71-mounting groove, 72-cover plate, 73-insulating thermal conductive pad, 74-shell, 8-monitoring module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0019] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0022] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0023] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0024] The inventors of this application have noted that fire safety remains a major concern in the current construction and decoration industry. Traditional flooring materials often fail to provide effective fire protection in the face of fire, and may even become accelerants that help the fire spread. This not only poses a serious threat to people's lives and property, but also increases the difficulty of rescue operations after a fire breaks out.

[0025] The inventors discovered through research that while existing fire-resistant flooring technologies have improved the fire resistance of floors to some extent, they still have many shortcomings. For example, some fire-resistant floors are prone to deformation, cracking, and even loss of structural strength under high temperatures; some floors, although containing flame retardants, have limited flame-retardant effects and may pollute the environment. The pursuit of high flame retardancy in some fire-resistant floors often comes at the expense of the floor's feel, aesthetics, lightweight design, or other physical properties, and like ordinary flooring, it is difficult to handle warping caused by rising moisture, further affecting the overall aesthetics of the floor installation. Furthermore, fire-resistant floors are relatively functionally limited and cannot simultaneously meet multiple needs such as heat insulation and sound absorption.

[0026] Based on the problems discovered by the inventor, the inventor designed a multifunctional fireproof and safe floor, which, from top to bottom, includes a transparent layer 1, a decorative layer 2, a rigid flame-retardant layer 4, a heat insulation layer 5, a sound-absorbing layer 6, and a balancing layer 7. It has basic flame-retardant function while ensuring the aesthetics of the fireproof floor, and also has heat insulation and sound absorption functions. The balancing layer 7 is composed of several polyolefin films impregnated with flame retardants, which makes the fireproof and safe floor moisture-proof and prevents it from warping. Expandable flame-retardant microcapsules are embedded in the rigid flame-retardant layer 4, which, together with the rigid flame-retardant layer 4, achieves secondary trigger flame retardancy.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the multifunctional fireproof and safe floor proposed according to the first embodiment of this utility model.

[0028] A multifunctional fire-resistant and safe floor comprises, from top to bottom, a transparent layer 1, a decorative layer 2, a rigid flame-retardant layer 4, a heat insulation layer 5, a sound-absorbing layer 6, and a balancing layer 7. The balancing layer 7 is composed of several layers of polyolefin film, each impregnated with a flame retardant. The polyolefin film prevents moisture from rising and penetrating the floor, while simultaneously balancing the internal stress of individual floorboards, thus preventing warping and ensuring aesthetic appeal. Furthermore, intumescent flame-retardant microcapsules are embedded in the rigid flame-retardant layer 4, providing the basic flame-retardant function. These microcapsules are stable at room temperature, but at a specific high temperature (e.g., 180°C), the outer shell melts, and the internal foaming agent rapidly expands, forming a honeycomb-like heat-insulating carbon layer that effectively blocks heat transfer downwards. The outer shell of the intumescent flame-retardant microcapsule can also effectively protect the flame-retardant system inside from decomposition during processing, ensuring that the intumescent flame-retardant microcapsule can efficiently and centrally release flame-retardant substances in the event of a fire, forming an intumescent char layer to prevent the fire from spreading further.

[0029] It is worth noting that the rigid flame-retardant layer 4 is a high-filler SPC substrate, with calcium carbonate accounting for more than 70%. The high content of calcium carbonate (a non-combustible material) lays the foundation for absolute flame retardancy, while also providing the floor with rigidity, dimensional stability, and waterproof and moisture-proof properties. In the event of a fire, "secondary trigger flame retardancy" is achieved through the combined action of the rigid flame-retardant layer 4 and the intumescent flame-retardant microcapsules located within it.

[0030] Optionally, insulation layer 5 is a flexible yarn-based composite of silica aerogel and an insulation felt layer with a thickness of 2-3 mm. By utilizing the extremely low thermal conductivity of aerogel, it effectively blocks downward heat transfer during a fire, reducing the temperature of the space beneath the floor and protecting items below from high-temperature damage. It also reduces heat conduction to the floor below, preventing upper-floor fires from affecting lower floors, effectively protecting the floor structure and buying time for evacuation of people on lower floors. Furthermore, its flexible felt-like shape makes it easy to combine with other floor layers and adapt to floor bending, cutting, and other processing procedures.

[0031] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a multifunctional fireproof and safe floor proposed according to the second embodiment of this utility model.

[0032] Optionally, based on the aforementioned passive fire prevention measures, active early warning fire prevention measures can be added. Specifically, a graphene thermal conductive film 3 is also arranged between the decorative layer 2 and the rigid flame-retardant layer 4. The decorative layer 2 is laminated onto the graphene thermal conductive film 3 to provide visual effects such as wood grain and stone grain, and the transparent layer 1 set on the surface of the floor provides the floor with high hardness and wear resistance. The aforementioned graphene thermal conductive film 3 is connected to the monitoring module 8 located below the rigid flame-retardant layer 4 through wires. Using the graphene thermal conductive film 3 as a distributed temperature sensor, the sensitivity of its resistance value to temperature changes is applied. The monitoring module 8 connected to it monitors the resistance change of the graphene thermal conductive film 3 in real time, thereby indirectly judging the temperature and temperature rise rate near the floor. The monitoring module 8 gives a warning signal to remind people to pay attention to potential safety risks so that timely countermeasures can be taken to prevent the occurrence and spread of fire, which is applied to active fire early warning.

[0033] It is worth noting that the aforementioned transparent layer 1 is a transparent polyurethane or high-performance melamine resin with added nano-sized aluminum hydroxide. The nano-aluminum hydroxide decomposes under heat at high temperatures, forming a protective layer that gives the surface excellent flame retardancy and burn resistance. The transparent polyurethane or high-performance melamine resin can perfectly showcase the pattern of the next decorative layer 2 while maintaining the high hardness and wear resistance of the floor surface.

[0034] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 3 Showing Figure 2 The magnified structure of region A in the middle.

[0035] To facilitate the installation of the monitoring module 8, in one embodiment, an installation groove 71 is provided in the balancing layer 7. This groove 71 is closed by a cover plate 72. The aforementioned monitoring module 8 is fixedly installed in the installation groove 71. Because the balancing layer 7 itself can prevent ground moisture from rising, placing the monitoring module 8 in the balancing layer 7 and enclosing it in the installation groove 71 with the cover plate 72 effectively protects the monitoring module 8 from external environmental interference and physical damage. This primarily prevents the monitoring module 8 from becoming damp and failing due to rising ground moisture, extending its service life. It also facilitates subsequent maintenance and repair work, ensuring the stable operation of the monitoring module 8. When it is necessary to inspect, repair, or replace the monitoring module 8, simply opening the cover plate 72 allows for convenient and quick operations, greatly improving maintenance efficiency. Furthermore, this design avoids additional openings or protruding structures on the floor surface, maintaining the overall aesthetics and flatness of the floor.

[0036] An insulating thermally conductive pad 73 is provided between the monitoring module 8 and the cover plate 72. On the one hand, the insulating thermally conductive pad 73 can conduct away the heat generated by the monitoring module 8 during operation in a timely manner, avoiding heat accumulation that may affect the performance of the monitoring module 8; on the other hand, its good insulation performance can effectively prevent safety accidents caused by electrical faults such as leakage, providing double protection for the safe use of the floor.

[0037] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a multifunctional fireproof and safe floor proposed according to the third embodiment of this utility model.

[0038] In another embodiment, an insulated and sealed housing 74 is provided below the balance layer 7, and the monitoring module 8 is fixedly disposed within the housing 74. This design creates a dry, dustproof, and insulated enclosed environment for the monitoring module 8, preventing external moisture, dust, and other contaminants from entering the housing 74, thereby avoiding adverse effects on the monitoring module 8 and ensuring its stable and reliable operation. Simultaneously, the housing 74 also enhances the stability and safety of the floor's bottom structure, making the floor more stable when subjected to various external forces.

[0039] Monitoring module 8 comprises a microprocessor, a communication module, and a power supply module. The power supply module provides stable power to the microprocessor and communication module, ensuring continuous operation of the entire monitoring system. The microprocessor can be an STM32L071 series microcontroller, and communication with the module is achieved via Wi-Fi or Zigbee. As the core of monitoring module 8, the microprocessor monitors the resistance change range and rate of change of the graphene thermal conductive film 3 in real time. Through precise analysis of the resistance change data, the microprocessor can accurately determine whether there are abnormal conditions such as high temperatures or fire sources near the floor. Once a resistance change exceeding a set threshold is detected, the microprocessor quickly triggers the communication module to initiate an alarm. The communication module can promptly send alarm information to relevant personnel or the monitoring system, enabling rapid response and timely intervention to effectively prevent the occurrence and escalation of a fire.

[0040] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 4The sound-absorbing layer 6 employs a soft, porous structure made from recycled tire rubber powder or environmentally friendly polyurethane foam. This unique structure gives it excellent sound absorption performance. Noise generated when people walk on the floor or move objects enters the sound-absorbing layer 6 and is continuously reflected and rubbed within the soft, porous structure, converting sound energy into heat energy, thus effectively absorbing and reducing noise. This creates a quiet and comfortable indoor environment, especially suitable for places with high acoustic requirements, such as libraries, hospital wards, and high-end office buildings. In these places, a quiet acoustic environment helps improve work efficiency, promotes patient recovery, and enhances the living experience. Furthermore, the use of recycled tire rubber powder or environmentally friendly polyurethane foam aligns with green principles.

[0041] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Different technical features appearing in different embodiments can be combined to achieve beneficial effects. Based on a study of the drawings, specification, and claims, those skilled in the art should be able to understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments. In the claims, the term "comprising" does not exclude other means or steps; the indefinite article "a" does not exclude a plurality; the terms "first" and "second" are used to identify names and not to indicate any particular order. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of protection. The functionality of multiple parts appearing in the claims can be implemented by a single hardware or software module. The appearance of certain technical features in different dependent claims does not mean that these technical features cannot be combined to achieve beneficial effects.

Claims

1. A multifunctional fireproof and safe floor, characterized in that, From top to bottom, it includes a transparent layer (1), a decorative layer (2), a rigid flame retardant layer (4), a heat insulation layer (5), a sound absorption layer (6), and a balancing layer (7). The balancing layer (7) is made of several polyolefin films impregnated with flame retardants, and an intumescent flame retardant microcapsule is embedded in the rigid flame retardant layer (4).

2. The multifunctional fireproof and safe floor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid flame retardant layer (4) is a high-filler SPC substrate, wherein the calcium carbonate filling amount is greater than 70%.

3. The multifunctional fireproof and safe floor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation layer (5) is a heat insulation felt layer composed of a flexible fiber carrier and silica aerogel.

4. The multifunctional fireproof and safe floor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A graphene thermal conductive film (3) is also disposed between the decorative layer (2) and the rigid flame retardant layer (4). The decorative layer (2) is composited on the graphene thermal conductive film (3). The graphene thermal conductive film (3) is electrically connected to a monitoring module (8) located below the rigid flame retardant layer (4). The monitoring module (8) is configured to monitor the resistance change of the graphene thermal conductive film (3) in real time and issue an alert based on the resistance change threshold range.

5. The multifunctional fireproof and safe floor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The balance layer (7) has an installation slot (71) which is closed by a cover plate (72). The monitoring module (8) is fixedly installed in the installation slot (71).

6. The multifunctional fireproof and safe floor according to claim 5, characterized in that, An insulating thermally conductive pad (73) is provided between the monitoring module (8) and the cover plate (72).

7. The multifunctional fireproof and safe floor according to claim 4, characterized in that, An insulating and sealed housing (74) is provided below the balance layer (7), and the monitoring module (8) is fixedly installed in the housing (74).

8. The multifunctional fireproof and safe floor according to any one of claims 5 or 7, characterized in that, The monitoring module (8) includes a microprocessor, a communication module and a power module; wherein, the power module supplies power to the microprocessor and the communication module, the microprocessor monitors the resistance change range and rate of the graphene thermal conductive film (3) in real time, and can drive the communication module to complete the linkage alarm.

9. The multifunctional fireproof safety floor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound-absorbing layer (6) is a soft, porous structure made of recycled tire rubber powder or environmentally friendly polyurethane foam.

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