Transition hydraulic support for working face of potassium salt mine exploitation

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of coal mining technology, and more particularly to a transitional hydraulic support for potash mine working faces, comprising a top beam, a split base, a column, and double front beams. The split base includes two single bases arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides, hinged together, and both are connected to the bottom end of the top beam via a column. The double front beams include two single front beams arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides, each hinged to the front end of the top beam. The width of the split base and double front beams is greater than 2 / 3 of the width of the newly added roadway. By widening the split base and double front beams and designing them in a split form, the contact area between the support and the roof is effectively increased, preventing base sinking and improving the overall support effect on the roadway roof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular to a transition hydraulic support for potash mining faces. Background Technology

[0002] In conventional coal mining operations, roadways are typically excavated at both ends of the longwall face, serving as haulage roadways and return air roadways respectively. In this layout, the middle section of the longwall face is supported by uniform intermediate hydraulic supports. However, in certain potash mining faces, an additional intermediate roadway is constructed in the middle for haulage. Excavating this roadway requires breaking the face floor (referred to as "breaking the floor"). After excavation, the roadway is backfilled with soft soil, reaching approximately the same height as the face floor. The backfilled floor is prone to unevenness or sinking due to its soft texture. Furthermore, the width of the intermediate roadway is generally around 3000mm, significantly wider than conventional intermediate hydraulic supports (typically around 1700mm), resulting in poor stability of the hydraulic supports within the intermediate roadway area and making it difficult to achieve effective support. Meanwhile, in the unique high-humidity and corrosive environment of potash mines, conventional intermediate hydraulic supports have poor corrosion resistance and cannot meet the required working conditions. This is because the roof of the working face in potash mines is mostly composed of salt rock, gypsum, or mudstone, which is easily eroded by brine or deformed by pressure, resulting in poor stability and a tendency for local collapse. The support system must take into account both "collapse prevention" and "brine penetration prevention." Lightweight hydraulic supports, anchor bolts (resin anchoring), or flexible mesh supports are commonly used to prevent rigid supports from breaking due to deformation of the surrounding rock. If water-soluble mining is used, there is no solid roof at the working face (solution cavity). It is necessary to control the erosion range to prevent the surrounding rock from becoming unstable. The roof itself is brine, so resisting brine corrosion is also a core challenge for the support equipment. The equipment must adopt corrosion-resistant designs, such as using stainless steel for motors and hydraulic systems, and selecting salt-resistant materials for bearings and seals. At the same time, because dust is highly hygroscopic, high-frequency dust removal equipment is also required to prevent clumping. Therefore, brine leakage / well flooding (the most fatal risk), surrounding rock collapse, equipment corrosion failure, and electrical faults caused by high humidity are all important challenges faced in potash mining.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a transitional hydraulic support that is suitable for the intermediate roadway area of ​​potash mine working faces, with good support effect and corrosion resistance. Utility Model Content

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, this utility model provides a transitional hydraulic support for potash mining faces, which solves the technical problem that the traditional intermediate hydraulic support has a small roof and bottom protection area when applied to newly added roadways in the middle area of ​​the mining face, resulting in poor support effect and stability.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0008] This utility model provides a transitional hydraulic support for a potash mine working face, used in newly added roadways in the middle area of ​​the working face, including a top beam, a split base, a column, and double front beams.

[0009] The split base consists of two single bases arranged symmetrically on the left and right, hinged together, and both are connected to the bottom end of the top beam via a column. The double front beam consists of two single front beams arranged symmetrically on the left and right, each hinged to the front end of the top beam. The width of both the split base and the double front beam is greater than 2 / 3 of the width of the newly added roadway.

[0010] Optionally, two front beam jacks are provided between each of the two single front beams and the top beam, with each front beam jack spaced apart and all positioned on the same horizontal plane. Each of the two single front beams can be opened or retracted independently by the front beam jacks connected to them.

[0011] Optionally, the piston rod of the front beam jack has a tungsten-based coating with a thickness between 0.05mm and 0.06mm in the stroke area. The guide sleeve and piston head of the front beam jack have a copper-tin alloy coating with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a protective beam and two counterweight jacks. The two counterweight jacks are horizontally symmetrically positioned between the protective beam and the top beam.

[0013] Optionally, the piston rod of the balancing jack has a tungsten-based coating in its stroke area, with a thickness between 0.05mm and 0.06mm. The guide sleeve and piston head of the balancing jack are coated with a copper-tin alloy, with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm.

[0014] Optionally, the split base is provided with two push jacks, which are symmetrically located on the outer sides of the two single bases, far apart from each other.

[0015] Optionally, the piston rod of the push jack has a tungsten-based coating with a thickness between 0.05mm and 0.06mm in its stroke area. The guide sleeve and piston head of the push jack have a copper-tin alloy coating with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm. The inner bore of the cylinder of the push jack has a copper-tin alloy coating with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm.

[0016] Optionally, the stroke area of ​​the piston of the column is coated with a tungsten-based coating with a thickness between 0.05mm and 0.06mm. The guide sleeve of the column is coated with a copper-tin alloy with a thickness between 0.03mm and 0.05mm. The piston head of the column is coated with a copper-tin alloy with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm.

[0017] Optionally, the column is equipped with a mechanical extension rod, which has a copper-tin alloy coating with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm.

[0018] Optionally, the two single bases are connected by a bridge plate. Each end of the bridge plate has a vertically oriented elongated hole. A hinge pin connects the bridge plate to the single bases on both sides at these elongated holes.

[0019] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] This utility model discloses a transitional hydraulic support for potash mine working faces. To adapt to coal mining processes in backfilled soft-bottom roadways and provide stable support in newly added roadways within the working face, the base and front beam of the hydraulic support are widened, with their widths exceeding two-thirds of the width of the new roadway. This effectively increases the support's contact area with the bottom and top, better adapting to deformation in backfilled soft-bottom roadways, preventing base sinking, and providing better roof support. Simultaneously, the base is designed as a hinged, split base, and the front beam is designed as a double-beam design that can be adjusted independently. The split base has better adaptability to floor deformation, and the left and right single bases can slide and misalign vertically, better adapting to uneven or undulating floor surfaces in potash mine roadways. The double-beam design not only ensures the strength and stability of the widened front beam but also allows for zoned adjustment to better conform to the shape of the roof, achieving a better support effect. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a transitional hydraulic support for a potash mine working face, as described in this utility model, applied to a newly added roadway in the working face.

[0023] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of a transitional hydraulic support for a potash mine working face according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Front view of the transition hydraulic support in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Side view of the transition hydraulic support in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A top view of the transition hydraulic support (hiding the top beam, front beam, and columns, etc.).

[0027] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0028] 1: Top beam; 2: Split base; 3: Column; 4: Double front beam; 41: Single front beam;

[0029] 5: Front beam jack; 6: Protective beam; 7: Balancing jack; 8: Pushing jack;

[0030] 9: Bridge plate; 10: Working face; 20: Newly added roadway. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, a detailed description of its specific embodiments is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this document, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used interchangeably. Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference.

[0032] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] Reference Figure 1 In certain potash mining faces, a new roadway 20 is constructed in the middle of the working face 10 for transportation. Excavation of this new roadway 20 requires breaking the floor slab of the working face 10 (referred to as "breaking the floor"). After excavation, the roadway is backfilled with soft soil until it is roughly the same height as the floor slab of the working face 10. The backfilled floor slab is prone to unevenness or, due to its soft texture, easily sinks. For example... Figures 2 to 5As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a transition hydraulic support for a potash mine working face, used in a newly added roadway 20 in the middle area of ​​the working face 10, including a top beam 1, a split base 2, a column 3, a double front beam 4, and a shield beam 6.

[0035] The split base 2 comprises two single bases arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. Both are connected to the bottom end of the top beam 1 via a column 3. Vertically, the column 3 is positioned between the top beam 1 and the split base 2, with its upper end connected to the top beam 1 and its lower end connected to the split base 2, providing primary support between the roof and floor of the tunnel. Furthermore, the two single bases are hinged together by a bridge plate 9. The bridge plate 9 is preferably designed as an arched structure, with vertically oriented elongated holes at both ends. Hinged pins connect the bridge plate 9 to the single bases on both sides at these elongated holes, allowing the hinged pins to slide vertically within the holes. Preferably, two sets of bridge plates 9 can be arranged parallel to each other between the two single bases. The final width of the connected split base 2 is greater than 2 / 3 of the width of the newly added tunnel 20.

[0036] The double front beam 4 comprises two single front beams 41 arranged symmetrically from left to right, each single front beam 41 being hinged to the front end of the top beam 1. Two front beam jacks 5 are provided between each single front beam 41 and the top beam 1, resulting in a total of four front beam jacks 5. Each single front beam 41 is driven by two front beam jacks 5, which are spaced apart and positioned on the same horizontal plane. Each single front beam 41 can be opened or retracted independently under the drive of its connected front beam jacks 5, facilitating individual adjustment within a large roof support range. The final width of the double front beam 4 formed by the two single front beams 41 should also be greater than 2 / 3 of the width of the newly added roadway 20.

[0037] Since the width of the newly added roadway 20 is generally around 3000mm, while the width of a conventional intermediate hydraulic support is generally around 1700mm, if used in this newly added roadway 20, the contact area between it and the roadway roof and floor is relatively small. Especially for roadways with soft backfill floors, it is difficult to achieve a good support effect, posing a significant safety hazard. Therefore, in this embodiment, both the split base 2 and the double front beam 4 are widened, making their width greater than 2 / 3 of the width of the newly added roadway 20. This effectively increases the contact area between the support and the roof, better adapts to the deformation of the soft backfill floor, prevents the base from sinking, provides better support for the roof, and improves the stability of the support. For example, the width of this transition hydraulic support is set to approximately 2200mm (including the width of the double front beam 4 and the width of the split base 2). During use, this transition hydraulic support is placed at the center of the newly added roadway 20. Depending on the actual usage, approximately 400mm of tolerance space is left on both sides. Within the allowable range, the support area is maximized to improve the support effect. Simultaneously, both the split base 2 and the double front beam 4 are designed as separate structures. This allows the double front beam 4 to not only maintain its increased strength and stability when supporting the roadway roof, but also to achieve individual zone adjustment to better conform to the shape of the roof, ultimately achieving a better support effect. When supporting the tunnel floor, the hinged connection between the two single bases of the split base 2 allows for vertical sliding and misalignment. This enables the column 3 to adaptively adjust its position to accommodate uneven or undulating floor surfaces in potash mine tunnels. This allows the support to safely pass over floor surfaces with raised working surfaces and consistently provide good support for the tunnel roof, preventing instability caused by uneven floor surfaces. This effectively improves the overall stability and reliability of the support and enhances its adaptability to complex geological conditions. Furthermore, due to the shallow burial depth and low working resistance of the mine, the hinged connection between the two single bases using a bridge plate 9 effectively reduces the amount of welding and lowers welding costs.

[0038] The protective beam 6 is located at the rear end of the top beam 1 and is connected to the split base 2 via a connecting rod, forming the core four-bar linkage mechanism, which is the skeleton and core motion mechanism of the support. Between the protective beam 6 and the top beam 1, a balancing jack 7 is installed to actively adjust the posture of the top beam 1, adapting to uneven roadway roofs, achieving better roof contact, and effectively balancing complex loads to ensure the normal operation of the column 3 and other structural components. To reduce torsional damage to the balancing jack 7, this embodiment adopts a double-balance design on both sides, i.e., two balancing jacks 7 are installed horizontally and symmetrically between the protective beam 6 and the top beam 1.

[0039] Furthermore, due to the overall widening design of the support frame, a double-pushing jack mechanism is adopted on both sides to increase the stability of the frame movement. Specifically, two pushing jacks 8 are installed on the split base 2, symmetrically positioned on the outer sides of the two single bases. This design not only makes the pushing jacks 8 part of the overall width of the base, expanding the contact area with the single bases and reducing manufacturing costs, but also effectively improves the stability of the support frame during movement. Simultaneously, to adapt to different coal seam thickness variations, a mechanical extension rod is also provided on the column 3 to expand the adjustment range.

[0040] The transition hydraulic support shown in this embodiment increases its bottom and top contact area, providing better support for the roadway roof. The overall structure is more stable and has a certain degree of flexible adjustment capability. It can better adapt to the coal mining process of backfilled soft bottom roadways and provide more efficient and stable support in the newly added roadway 20 in the mining face.

[0041] Example 2: This example proposes a transition hydraulic support for potash mining face. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that anti-corrosion treatment has been added to some key components. The other parts are the same as in Example 1, and will not be described again here.

[0042] Because the mining and processing environment of potash mines (such as potassium chloride and potassium sulfate mines) poses a strong risk of corrosion to equipment materials, as the working face of potash mines is mostly composed of salt rock, gypsum, or mudstone, and the ore layer and slurry contain a large amount of electrolytes such as potassium and sodium salts, it is easy to cause electrochemical corrosion of metal equipment (such as oxygen corrosion and localized pitting corrosion of steel). In addition, during underground mining, the high humidity environment combined with the crystallization-dissolution cycle of mineral salts will accelerate the corrosion failure of equipment surfaces. Therefore, in this embodiment, tungsten-containing coatings (such as tungsten alloy coatings and tungsten-tungsten carbide composite coatings) or copper-tin alloy coatings are prepared on the surface of key equipment using processes such as electroplating and thermal spraying.

[0043] For exposed components of underground mining equipment that are prone to wear and corrosion, a tungsten-based wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating is used, providing both wear resistance and salt corrosion resistance. Specifically, a tungsten-based coating is applied to the stroke areas of the piston rod of the column 3, the piston rod of the front beam jack 5, the piston rod of the balance jack 7, and the piston rod of the push jack 8. The thickness of this tungsten-based coating is between 0.05mm and 0.06mm. The tungsten-based coating has high density, which can physically isolate the substrate from contact with high-salt slurry and humid air, preventing electrochemical corrosion. At the same time, tungsten has good salt resistance and is not easily dissolved or oxidized in high-concentration potassium salt solutions, effectively addressing corrosion problems in high-salt and humid environments, extending the service life of the equipment, and is particularly valuable in scenarios with high environmental protection requirements and high equipment maintenance costs.

[0044] For other parts requiring corrosion protection, a copper-tin alloy coating can be used. Specifically, a copper-tin alloy coating with a thickness between 0.03mm and 0.05mm is applied to the guide sleeve of column 3; a copper-tin alloy coating with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm is applied to the piston head of column 3, the mechanical extension rod, the guide sleeve and piston head of front beam jack 5, the guide sleeve and piston head of balance jack 7, the guide sleeve and piston head of push jack 8, and the inner bore of the cylinder of push jack 8 (including the inner stop and threaded parts). The tin content in all copper-tin alloy coatings is ≥6%.

[0045] The transition hydraulic support shown in this embodiment has a specific anti-corrosion coating on the column 3 and other important components such as jacks. This coating can effectively improve the transition hydraulic support's ability to resist brine corrosion in the potash mine working face, so as to ensure its normal operation and extend its service life.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transitional hydraulic support for a potash mine working face, characterized in that: The transition hydraulic support is used in the newly added roadway (20) in the middle area of ​​the working face (10), including a top beam (1), a split base (2), a column (3) and a double front beam (4). The split base (2) includes two single bases arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. The two single bases are hinged together and both are connected to the bottom end of the top beam (1) through a column (3). The double front beam (4) includes two single front beams (41) arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides, and the two single front beams (41) are respectively hinged to the front end of the top beam (1). The width of the split base (2) and the double front beam (4) are both greater than 2 / 3 of the width of the newly added tunnel (20).

2. The transition hydraulic support for a potash mine working face as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Two front beam jacks (5) are provided between each of the two single front beams (41) and the top beam (1), and each front beam jack (5) is spaced apart and is located on the same horizontal plane; Both of the single front beams (41) can be opened or closed individually under the drive of the front beam jacks (5) connected to them.

3. The transition hydraulic support for a potash mine working face as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The piston rod of the front beam jack (5) has a tungsten-based coating with a thickness between 0.05mm and 0.06mm in the stroke area. The guide sleeve and piston head of the front beam jack (5) are coated with a copper-tin alloy with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm.

4. The transition hydraulic support for a potash mine working face as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protective beam (6) and two balancing jacks (7); The two balancing jacks (7) are horizontally symmetrically positioned between the protective beam (6) and the top beam (1).

5. The transition hydraulic support for a potash mine working face as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The piston rod of the balancing jack (7) has a tungsten-based coating with a thickness between 0.05 mm and 0.06 mm in the stroke area. The guide sleeve and piston head of the balancing jack (7) are coated with a copper-tin alloy with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm.

6. The transition hydraulic support for a potash mine working face as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The split base (2) is provided with two push jacks (8), which are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the two single bases.

7. A transitional hydraulic support for a potash mine working face as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The piston rod of the push jack (8) has a tungsten-based coating with a thickness between 0.05 mm and 0.06 mm in the stroke area; The guide sleeve and piston head of the pushing jack (8) are coated with a copper-tin alloy with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm. The cylinder inner hole of the push jack (8) is coated with a copper-tin alloy with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm.

8. The transition hydraulic support for a potash mine working face as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The travel area of ​​the piston of the column (3) is coated with a tungsten-based coating with a thickness between 0.05mm and 0.06mm; The guide sleeve of the column (3) is coated with a copper-tin alloy with a thickness between 0.03mm and 0.05mm; The piston head of the column (3) is coated with a copper-tin alloy with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm.

9. A transitional hydraulic support for a potash mine working face as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The column (3) is provided with a mechanical extension rod, which is coated with a copper-tin alloy with a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.04mm.

10. A transitional hydraulic support for a potash mine working face as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The two single bases are connected by a bridge plate (9); The bridge plate (9) has vertical elongated holes at both ends. The bridge plate (9) is connected to the single base on both sides by hinge pins at the elongated holes.

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