A wear-resistant differential assembly

Abstract

This utility model relates to a wear-resistant differential assembly, including a differential housing and a cross shaft, planetary gears, and axle gears installed inside the differential housing. The planetary gears are mounted on the cross shaft journal via needle roller bearings and mesh with the axle gears. Planetary gear washers are provided between the planetary gears and the spherical surface inside the differential housing. A limiting sleeve is fitted at the end of the cross shaft journal. Axle gear washers are provided between the axle gears and the end face of the differential housing. This application, through the use of planetary gear washers, axle gear washers, needle roller bearings, and limiting sleeves, effectively reduces friction and wear between the internal components of the differential, significantly improves the wear resistance and structural stability of the differential, extends the service life of the differential, and ensures the normal operation of engineering machinery vehicles under harsh conditions such as high load and high speed difference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive parts technology, specifically to a wear-resistant differential assembly. Background Technology

[0002] The inter-wheel differential is a core component of the main reduction gear assembly of an automobile axle. It mainly consists of a differential housing, a cross shaft, planetary gears, and half-shaft gears. Its main function is to maintain a reasonable speed difference between the two wheels when the car is turning, while transmitting the driving force for the car to move forward.

[0003] In the field of construction machinery, due to the high load, high speed difference, and large differential ratio of vehicles, aftermarket compensation analysis shows that conventional differentials often suffer from severe wear on the differential housing end face and spherical surface, as well as severe wear on the planetary gear holes and cross shaft journals, and can no longer meet the usage requirements.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a wear-resistant differential assembly to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a wear-resistant differential assembly.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A wear-resistant differential assembly includes a differential housing and a cross shaft, planetary gears, and a half-shaft gears installed inside the differential housing. The planetary gears are mounted on the cross shaft journal via needle roller bearings and mesh with the half-shaft gears. Planetary gear shims are provided between the planetary gears and the spherical surface inside the differential housing. A limiting sleeve is fitted at the end of the cross shaft journal. Half-shaft gear shims are provided between the half-shaft gears and the end face of the differential housing.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by setting a planetary gear shim between the planetary gear and the inner spherical surface of the differential housing, setting a half-shaft gear shim between the half-shaft gear and the end face of the differential housing, arranging a needle roller bearing between the planetary gear and the cross shaft, and fitting a limiting spacer to axially limit the needle roller bearing at the end of the cross shaft journal, the friction and wear between the internal components of the differential are effectively reduced, the wear resistance and structural stability of the differential are significantly improved, the service life of the differential is extended, and the normal operation of engineering machinery vehicles under harsh working conditions such as high load and high speed difference is guaranteed.

[0008] Furthermore, the differential housing includes a left differential housing and a right differential housing, which are fixedly connected by differential housing connecting bolts. The differential housing is provided with a cross shaft mounting hole and a half-shaft gear mounting hole, and a positioning hole is provided on the end face of the differential housing. The left and right differential housings are connected to form the overall frame of the differential assembly. Each hole provides precise installation positioning for the cross shaft, planetary gears and positioning pins to ensure accurate assembly position of each component.

[0009] Furthermore, the planetary gear shims are made of 65Mn that has undergone isothermal quenching and are fitted onto the cross shaft journal. Anti-rotation flanges are designed into the inner holes of the planetary gear shims, and flat grooves that mate with the anti-rotation flanges are provided on the cross shaft journal. The planetary gear shims have a hardness of up to 50HRC, exhibiting high wear resistance and capable of withstanding friction between the planetary gears and the differential housing. Simultaneously, the anti-rotation flanges and flat grooves work together to provide circumferential limiting, preventing the shims from rotating relative to the cross shaft and differential housing, reducing wear on the differential housing's spherical surface, and enhancing the wear resistance of the differential.

[0010] Furthermore, a shoulder is designed at the inner hole of the planetary gear, which can axially limit the needle roller bearing and prevent the head of the needle roller bearing from hitting the planetary gear washer, thus protecting the planetary gear washer from wear and breakage.

[0011] Furthermore, the needle roller bearing is located between the inner bore of the planetary gear and the journal of the cross shaft, which transforms the sliding friction between the planetary gear and the cross shaft into rolling friction, greatly reducing the wear between the two.

[0012] Furthermore, the limiting spacer is made of 20Cr carbonitrided material. The spacer has a boss that extends into the inner bore of the planetary gear to axially limit the needle roller bearing. Multiple oil grooves are evenly distributed on the inner bore of the spacer, and the lubricating oil in these grooves lubricates the needle roller bearing. The spacer has a hardness of up to 62 HRC, exhibiting high wear resistance and is not easily worn. The boss on the spacer ensures that the needle roller bearing does not move axially during differential operation, thus preventing accelerated wear or functional failure due to bearing misalignment. The lubricating oil in the inner bore grooves ensures smooth transmission between the planetary gear and the cross shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the axle gear washer is made of carburized 20CrMnTi, and its end face is drilled with a locating pin through hole. The axle gear washer has a hardness of up to 64HRC, has high wear resistance, and can effectively resist the friction between the axle gear and the housing.

[0014] Furthermore, a positioning pin is provided inside the positioning pin through hole of the half-shaft gear washer, and the other end of the positioning pin is installed in the positioning hole on the end face of the differential housing. The positioning pin can prevent the half-shaft gear washer from rotating circumferentially relative to the differential housing, protecting the end face of the differential housing from wear. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wear-resistant differential assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary gear washer structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the cross shaft structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary gear structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the needle roller bearing structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting spacer structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model; The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Cross shaft, 2. Planetary gear shim, 3. Planetary gear, 4. Needle roller bearing, 5. Limiting spacer, 6. Half shaft gear, 7. Half shaft gear shim, 8. Locating pin, 9. Differential housing connecting bolt, 10. Right differential housing, 11. Left differential housing, 101. Flat groove, 201. Anti-rotation side guard, 301. Shoulder, 501. Boss, 502. Oil groove. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0018] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this technology based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] In the description of this application, spatial relation terms such as "below," "under," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figures and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figures, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element or feature described as "below" or "under" or "below" of other elements or features will be oriented "above" other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms "below" and "under" can include both upper and lower orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0020] In the description of this application, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "for example" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to implement and use the present invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention can be implemented without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a wear-resistant differential assembly, including a differential housing and a cross shaft 1, planetary gears 3, and axle gears 6 installed inside the differential housing. The planetary gears 3 are mounted on the journal of the cross shaft 1 via needle roller bearings 4 and mesh with the axle gears 6. A planetary gear washer 2 is provided between the planetary gears 3 and the spherical surface inside the differential housing. A limiting sleeve 5 is fitted at the end of the journal of the cross shaft 1. Axle gear washer 7 is provided between the axle gears 6 and the end face of the differential housing. Specifically: The differential housing includes a left differential housing 10 and a right differential housing 11, which are fixedly connected by differential housing connecting bolts 9. The differential housing has cross shaft mounting holes and half-shaft gear mounting holes, and positioning holes on its end face. In this embodiment, the left and right differential housings have a total of four cross shaft mounting holes. Four planetary gears 3 are respectively fitted onto two perpendicularly intersecting journals of the cross shaft 1. The four journals of the cross shaft 1 are correspondingly installed in the four cross shaft mounting holes. Half-shaft gear mounting holes are provided at both ends of the left differential housing 10 and the right differential housing 11, and half-shaft gears 6 pass through these holes. One or more positioning holes are provided on the end faces of the left and right differential housings 10 and 11 to provide a foundation for the installation of positioning pins 8. The left and right differential housings are connected to form the overall frame of the differential assembly, providing a stable mounting support for other internal components. The split structure also facilitates the installation and maintenance of internal differential components. The holes on the differential housing provide precise mounting positioning for the cross shaft 1, planetary gears 3, and positioning pins 8 to ensure accurate assembly of each component.

[0022] The planetary gear shim 2 is made of 65Mn steel that has undergone isothermal quenching and is fitted onto the journal of the cross shaft 1. An anti-rotation flange 201 is designed into the inner hole of the planetary gear shim 2, and a flat groove 101 that mates with the anti-rotation flange 201 is provided on the journal of the cross shaft 1. The planetary gear shim 2 has a hardness of up to 50HRC, exhibiting high wear resistance and capable of withstanding friction between the planetary gear 3 and the differential housing. Simultaneously, the anti-rotation flange 201 and the flat groove 101 work together to achieve circumferential limiting, preventing the shim from rotating relative to the cross shaft 1 and the differential housing, reducing wear on the spherical surface of the differential housing, and enhancing the wear resistance of the differential.

[0023] The planetary gear 3 has a shoulder 301 in its inner hole, which can axially limit the needle roller bearing 4 and prevent the needle roller bearing 4 from moving axially during operation. This ensures the stability of the fit between the needle roller bearing 4, the planetary gear 3, and the cross shaft 1. At the same time, the shoulder 301 prevents the head of the needle roller bearing 4 from hitting the planetary gear washer 2, avoiding wear or breakage of the planetary gear washer 2 due to impact. This further protects the planetary gear washer 2 from wear and breakage and maintains the integrity of the spherical shell.

[0024] The needle roller bearing 4 is located between the inner hole of the planetary gear 3 and the journal of the cross shaft 1, which transforms the sliding friction between the planetary gear 3 and the cross shaft 1 into rolling friction, greatly reducing the wear between the two, thereby significantly reducing the wear degree of the inner hole of the planetary gear 3 and the journal of the cross shaft 1, and solving the serious wear problem caused by sliding friction in this part in conventional differentials.

[0025] The limiting sleeve 5 is made of 20Cr carbonitrided material. The limiting sleeve 5 has a boss 501 that extends into the inner hole of the planetary gear 3 to axially limit the needle roller bearing 4. Multiple oil grooves 502 are evenly distributed on the inner hole of the limiting sleeve 5 (in this embodiment, four oil grooves 502 are provided). The lubricating oil in the oil grooves 502 lubricates the needle roller bearing 4. The limiting sleeve 5 has a hardness of up to 62 HRC, exhibiting high wear resistance and being resistant to wear. It maintains structural stability under harsh working conditions. The boss 501 on the limiting sleeve 5 ensures that the needle roller bearing 4 does not move axially during differential operation, thus preventing increased wear or functional failure due to misalignment of the needle roller bearing 4. The multiple oil grooves 502 in the inner hole of the limiting sleeve 5 guide the lubricating oil inside the differential to the needle roller bearing 4, providing sufficient lubrication and ensuring smooth transmission between the planetary gear 3 and the cross shaft 1.

[0026] The half-shaft gear shim 7 is made of carburized 20CrMnTi, and its end face has a locating pin through hole. The half-shaft gear shim 7 has a hardness of up to 64HRC, exhibiting high wear resistance and effectively resisting friction between the half-shaft gear 6 and the differential housing. A locating pin 8 is installed within the locating pin through hole of the half-shaft gear shim, and the other end of the locating pin 8 is installed in a locating hole on the end face of the differential housing. The locating pin 8 prevents the half-shaft gear shim 7 from rotating relative to the differential housing, protecting the integrity of the differential housing end face, and ensuring that the half-shaft gear shim 7 is always in the correct working position, maintaining the stability of the differential's internal structure.

[0027] This embodiment effectively reduces friction and wear between internal components of the differential by placing a high-wear-resistant planetary gear shim between the planetary gear and the inner spherical surface of the differential housing, and a high-wear-resistant half-shaft gear shim between the half-shaft gear and the end face of the differential housing. The shims (planetary gear shims and half-shaft gear shims) are designed to prevent rotation. Simultaneously, needle roller bearings are arranged between the planetary gear and the cross shaft, and the needle roller bearings are designed with axial limiting and lubrication. This significantly reduces wear and tear between the internal components of the differential, significantly improves the wear resistance and structural stability of the differential, extends the service life of the differential, and ensures the normal operation of engineering machinery vehicles under harsh conditions such as high load and high speed difference.

[0028] While embodiments or examples of this disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments or examples, and the scope of this utility model is not limited by these embodiments or examples, but only by the granted claims and their equivalents. Various elements in the embodiments or examples may be omitted or replaced by their equivalents. Furthermore, the steps may be performed in a different order than that described in this disclosure. Further, various elements in the embodiments or examples may be combined in various ways. Importantly, as the technology evolves, many elements described herein can be replaced by equivalents that appear after this disclosure.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant differential assembly, characterized in that, Includes the differential housing and the cross shaft, planetary gears, and half-shaft gears installed inside the differential housing; The planetary gear is mounted on the cross shaft journal via a needle roller bearing and meshes with the half-shaft gear. A planetary gear shim is provided between the planetary gear and the inner spherical surface of the differential housing. A limit sleeve is fitted at the end of the cross shaft journal. A half-shaft gear shim is provided between the half-shaft gear and the end face of the differential housing.

2. The wear-resistant differential assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The differential housing includes a left differential housing and a right differential housing, which are fixedly connected by differential housing connecting bolts. The differential housing is provided with a cross shaft mounting hole and a half shaft gear mounting hole, and a positioning hole is provided on the end face of the differential housing.

3. The wear-resistant differential assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary gear shim is made of 65Mn that has undergone isothermal quenching and is fitted onto the cross shaft journal. The inner hole of the planetary gear shim is designed with an anti-rotation stop, and the cross shaft journal is provided with a flat groove that matches the anti-rotation stop.

4. The wear-resistant differential assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary gear has a shoulder designed into the inner hole.

5. A wear-resistant differential assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The needle roller bearing is located between the inner bore of the planetary gear and the journal of the cross shaft.

6. The wear-resistant differential assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting sleeve is made of 20Cr that has undergone carbonitriding treatment. The limiting sleeve is designed with a boss that extends into the inner hole of the planetary gear to axially limit the needle roller bearing. Multiple oil grooves are evenly distributed on the inner hole of the limiting sleeve, and the lubricating oil in the oil grooves can lubricate the needle roller bearing.

7. The wear-resistant differential assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The half-shaft gear shim is made of carburized 20CrMnTi, and its end face is drilled with a locating pin through hole.

8. A wear-resistant differential assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The half-shaft gear washer has a positioning pin inside the positioning pin through hole, and the other end of the positioning pin is installed in the positioning hole on the end face of the housing.

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