Funnel for boiler

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of wind cap technology, specifically relating to a wind cap for boilers. The wind cap includes: an air inlet duct with a semi-circular dome on its upper end face; several air passages are circumferentially opened on the outer wall of the air inlet duct; wherein each air passage is inclined; by setting a semi-circular dome on the upper end face of the air inlet duct, the airflow entering the wind cap is guided to turn and distribute evenly, and several air passages with an inner higher and outer lower inclination are circumferentially opened on the outer wall of the air inlet duct, which together solve the problem of easy blockage of the air passages of the wind cap. When the boiler is shut down or the air pressure is reduced, the bed material particles falling into the air passages will automatically slide down the inclined surface under their own gravity, avoiding the deposition and caking of materials in the horizontal channel. At the same time, the dome structure effectively optimizes the airflow distribution, making the airflow from each inclined air passage more uniform, and further improving the air distribution effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wind cap technology, specifically relating to wind caps for boilers. Background Technology

[0002] The air cap is a key air distribution device in the combustion system of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, densely arranged on the boiler's air distribution plate. Its core function is to deliver primary air evenly and stably into the furnace, fluidizing the bed material and thus ensuring complete combustion and efficient heat transfer. The performance of the air cap directly affects the boiler's fluidization quality, combustion efficiency, operational stability, and energy consumption level, and the reliability of its structure is a critical factor affecting the long-term safe operation of the boiler.

[0003] Currently, the ventilation ducts inside common wind caps are usually arranged horizontally. That is, the air introduced from the wind chamber flows out from the side wall of the wind cap after passing through a horizontal air duct that is basically parallel to the air distribution plate. This horizontal air duct design is simple in structure and easy to process and manufacture, and it is a traditional technical solution that has been used in the industry for a long time.

[0004] However, in actual operation, when the boiler is shut down, the fire is reduced, or the load fluctuates, the high-temperature bed material is very easy to fall back and invade the horizontal air passage under the action of gravity. Due to the lack of effective self-discharge power, the material is easy to deposit and clump in the horizontal section, eventually leading to permanent blockage of the air passage.

[0005] Therefore, a boiler air cap is designed to solve the technical problem that the use of horizontal air passages in the existing technology leads to the accumulation of materials in the air passages, which in turn causes air passage blockage.

[0006] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of the present application concept, and therefore, the above description is not considered to constitute prior art information. Utility Model Content

[0007] This disclosure provides at least one boiler wind cap.

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a boiler wind cap, comprising: The air inlet duct has a semi-circular dome on its upper end face; The outer wall of the air inlet duct is provided with several air passages circumferentially; wherein Each of the aforementioned airways is tilted.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the end of each air passage that communicates with the interior of the air inlet is higher than the end that communicates with the outer wall of the air inlet.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, each of the airways makes an angle of 10° with the horizontal plane; The diameter of each airway is 10 mm.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, a base is fitted onto the outer wall of the bottom end of the air inlet duct; wherein Each of the aforementioned air ducts extends through the air inlet and the base.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, an air inlet is provided on the lower end face of the base; wherein The air inlet is connected to the interior of the air inlet duct.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the outer diameter of the semi-circular dome is 49 mm; and The inner diameter of the semi-circular dome is 34 mm.

[0014] In one optional implementation, the vertical height of the air inlet is 8 mm; The horizontal cross-section of the air inlet is circular, and the diameter of the air inlet is 93 mm; and The diameter of the base is 108mm.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, the distance between the lower end face of the base and the center of the air outlet port is 30mm.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that the wind cap has a semi-circular dome on the upper end face of the air inlet duct to guide the airflow entering the wind cap to turn and distribute evenly. Several air passages with an inner high and outer low slope are circumferentially opened on the outer wall of the air inlet duct. Together, they solve the problem of easy blockage of the air passages in the wind cap. When the boiler is shut down or the wind pressure is reduced, the bed material particles falling into the air passages will automatically slide down the inclined surface under their own gravity, avoiding the deposition and caking of materials in the horizontal channel. At the same time, the dome structure effectively optimizes the airflow distribution, making the airflow from each inclined air passage more uniform, and further improving the air distribution effect.

[0017] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention are realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings.

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Fig. 1 An overall perspective view provided for an embodiment of this disclosure; Fig. 2 An overall internal front sectional view provided for an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0021] In the picture: 1. Air inlet; 10. Semi-circular dome; 11. Base; 12. Air duct; 13. Air inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0023] In this document, when it is mentioned that a first component is located on a second component, this can mean that the first component can be directly formed on the second component, or that a third component can be inserted between the first and second components. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, the thickness of the components may be exaggerated or reduced for the purpose of effectively describing the technical content.

[0024] In this document, when an element or layer is referred to as “located,” “joined to,” “connected to,” “attached to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly located, joined, connected, attached to, or coupled to the other element or layer, or there may be intermediate elements or layers present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as “directly on another element or layer,” “directly joined to,” “directly connected to,” “directly attached to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intermediate elements or layers present. Other terms used to describe relationships between elements should be interpreted in a similar manner (e.g., “between” versus “directly between,” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0025] In this document, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, expressions such as “at least one of…” modify the entire list of elements when following a list of elements, rather than individual elements in the list. For example, the expression “at least one of a, b, and c” should be understood to include only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, or all of a, b, and c.

[0026] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific exemplary configurations only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular articles “a,” “an,” and “the” may also be intended to include plural forms unless otherwise clearly stated herein. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are inclusive and thus specify the presence of features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein should not be construed as requiring them to be performed in the specific order discussed or shown, unless specifically identified as such. Additional or alternative steps may be employed.

[0027] As used herein, the phrases “in one embodiment,” “according to one embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” etc., generally refer to the fact that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase can be included in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. Therefore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in more than one embodiment of this disclosure, such that these phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. As used herein, the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., are used to “serve as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementation, aspect, or design described herein as “example” or “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other implementations, aspects, or designs. Rather, the use of the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., is intended to present concepts in a specific manner.

[0028] Research has revealed that the ventilation ducts inside common wind caps are typically arranged horizontally. That is, air introduced from the wind chamber flows out from the side wall of the wind cap after passing through a horizontal duct that is basically parallel to the air distribution plate. This horizontal duct design is simple in structure and easy to manufacture, and has been a traditional technical solution used in the industry for a long time. However, in actual operation, when the boiler is shut down, the fire is reduced, or the load fluctuates, the high-temperature bed material is very easy to fall back and invade the horizontal duct under the action of gravity. Due to the lack of effective self-discharge power, the material is easy to deposit and caking in the horizontal section, eventually leading to permanent blockage of the air duct.

[0029] Based on the above research, this disclosure provides a boiler air cap that solves the problem of easy clogging of the air cap air passages by having several inclined air passages circumferentially opened on the outer wall of the air inlet. It has excellent self-cleaning ability. When the boiler is shut down or the air pressure is reduced, the bed material particles that fall into the air passages will automatically slide down the inclined surface under their own gravity, avoiding the deposition and caking of materials in the horizontal channel.

[0030] The shortcomings of the above solutions are the result of the inventor's practical experience and careful research. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions proposed in this disclosure should be considered as the inventor's contribution to this disclosure.

[0031] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0032] The following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes some embodiments of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figs. 1-2 As shown, in practical applications, multiple air caps for this boiler are typically arranged in an array and uniformly and securely installed on the reserved mounting holes of the boiler air distribution plate through the connecting structure at the lower part of their base 11 (not shown in the figure, this is existing technology, such as thread or welding). When the boiler starts up, the cooling and combustion air (i.e., primary air) supplied by the primary air fan with a certain pressure flows upward from the air chamber. At this time, the gas (primary air) first enters the interior of the air inlet duct 1 from the air inlet 13 opened on the lower end face of each air cap base 11. The size of the air inlet 13 is optimized to ensure sufficient ventilation cross-sectional area to meet the air volume required by the boiler rated load, while also playing a preliminary rectification role in the airflow and reducing the generation of eddies. After the airflow enters the internal cavity of the air inlet 1, it continues to flow axially until it hits the inner surface of the semi-circular dome 10 fixed on the upper end face of the air inlet 1. This semi-circular dome 10 is a key flow guiding and pressure stabilizing component. Its inner wall forms a smooth and continuous obstruction and turning surface for the vertically upward high-speed airflow. When the airflow hits the inner surface of the semi-circular dome 10, its flow direction is forced to change from vertically upward to radially spreading around the sphere. This process not only completes the change of airflow direction, but more importantly, the symmetrical structure of the semi-circular dome 10 ensures that the airflow can be evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of local airflow concentration and uneven distribution that is easy to occur in traditional right-angle turning structures. After being guided and evenly distributed by the semi-circular dome 10, the gas gathers in the upper cavity of the air inlet duct 1, forming a relatively uniform static pressure zone. Subsequently, the gas is ejected outward from several air passages 12 evenly opened circumferentially on the cylindrical outer wall of the air inlet duct 1. Specifically, the axis of each air passage 12 forms an acute angle with the horizontal plane, and the two ports of the air passage 12 on the wall of the air inlet duct 1 are not at the same height. The center position of the air inlet port of the air passage 12 that connects to the internal cavity of the air inlet duct 1 is higher than the air outlet port that connects to the outer wall of the air inlet duct 1. In other words, the overall orientation of the air passage 12 is "higher inside and lower outside". In a preferred embodiment, this tilt angle is set to 10°. This angle value is an optimized balance point under multiple engineering constraints. On the one hand, it provides a sufficiently significant height difference so that gravity can effectively act on particles that may enter the air passage; on the other hand, this angle is gentle enough to avoid excessive local pressure loss due to sudden changes in airflow direction.

[0034] When the boiler is in abnormal operating conditions, especially during shutdown and low-load pressure reduction, in traditional horizontal air duct caps, when the boiler is shut down and the air pressure drops to zero, the suspended bed material particles (mainly composed of ash, slag, sand, etc.) fall back under the influence of gravity. These particles are very likely to roll directly into or accumulate at the entrance of the horizontal air duct, or even enter deep into the air duct. Since the horizontal channel has no power to automatically discharge, these particles will cool, sinter, and harden inside the air duct, causing permanent blockage. The "inner high and outer low" inclined air duct 12 fundamentally solves this problem from a physical structure perspective. Under the same shutdown conditions, even if a small number of bed material particles enter the air duct 12 through the outlet port, because the air duct 12 is a clear slope with the inner end higher than the outer end, these particles will automatically and irreversibly slide down the inclined wall under their own gravity and eventually be discharged from the lower outer port.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence unless expressly indicated herein. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed above may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment.

[0037] Spatially relative terms, such as “inside,” “outside,” “below,” “below,” “down,” “above,” “up,” etc., may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature illustrated in the figures and another element or feature. In addition to the orientations depicted in the figures, spatially relative terms may be intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “below” other elements or features would be oriented as “above” other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can cover both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0038] In the above discussion, unless otherwise stated, when used to describe numerical values, the terms “about,” “approximately,” “basically,” etc., indicate a change of + / - 10% in that value.

[0039] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A boiler wind cap, characterized in that, include: The air inlet duct (1) has a semi-circular dome (10) on its upper end face. The outer wall of the air inlet duct (1) is provided with several air passages (12) circumferentially; wherein Each of the airways (12) is set at an angle.

2. The boiler wind cap as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end of each air passage (12) that is connected to the inside of the air inlet (1) is higher than the end of the air passage (12) that is connected to the outer wall of the air inlet (1).

3. The boiler wind cap as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The angle between each of the airways (12) and the horizontal plane is 10°; The diameter of each airway (12) is 10 mm.

4. The boiler wind cap as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A base (11) is fitted onto the outer wall of the bottom end of the air inlet duct (1); wherein Each of the air ducts (12) passes through the air inlet (1) and the base (11).

5. The boiler wind cap as described in claim 4, characterized in that, An air inlet (13) is provided on the lower end face of the base (11); wherein The air inlet (13) is connected to the interior of the air inlet duct (1).

6. The boiler wind cap as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the semi-circular dome (10) is 49 mm; and The inner diameter of the semi-circular dome (10) is 34 mm.

7. The boiler wind cap as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The vertical height of the air inlet (13) is 8mm; The horizontal cross-section of the air inlet (13) is circular, and the diameter of the air inlet (13) is 93 mm; and The diameter of the base (11) is 108 mm.

8. The boiler wind cap as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The distance between the lower end face of the base (11) and the center of the air outlet port of the air duct (12) is 30mm.

Images