A novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of waste heat recovery and utilization technology, and provides a novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system, including an incinerator, and further comprising: a furnace, the inlet of which is connected to the exhaust port of the incinerator; a cyclone separator, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the furnace, and silicon carbide bricks are hung on the inner walls of both the cyclone separator and the furnace; and a waste heat boiler, the inlet of which is connected to the gas outlet of the cyclone separator. This novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system provides a cyclone separator at the outlet of the furnace. Since the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator can reach over 90%, most of the dust in the high-temperature flue gas exiting the furnace can be separated, thereby greatly reducing the problem of ash accumulation and coking on the heating surfaces entering the waste waste heat boiler, and extending the operating time of the waste-to-energy plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste heat recovery and utilization technology, specifically to a novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system. Background Technology

[0002] Municipal solid waste incineration is currently the main method of waste treatment in my country. It can not only achieve the "reduction, resource recovery, and harmlessness" of waste, but also generate electricity by using the heat generated from waste incineration, thus realizing the recycling and utilization of waste as a renewable resource.

[0003] Currently, waste heat boilers are generally used to recover and utilize the waste heat generated during the incineration of municipal solid waste. However, municipal solid waste has a complex composition and high ash content. The high-temperature flue gas generated during incineration can easily cause ash and coking on the heating surfaces inside the waste heat boiler. In particular, due to the small flow space inside the waste heat boiler, the flue gas passage can be blocked in severe cases, seriously affecting the normal operation of the waste-to-energy plant. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a new type of vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system that can solve the problems of ash and coking on the heating surface in the waste heat boiler.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system, comprising an incinerator, and further comprising:

[0006] The furnace chamber, the inlet of which is connected to the exhaust port of the incinerator;

[0007] A cyclone separator, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the furnace, and silicon carbide bricks are hung on the inner walls of both the cyclone separator and the furnace.

[0008] A waste heat boiler, wherein the inlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the gas outlet of the cyclone separator.

[0009] Furthermore, the waste heat boiler includes a first vertical flue, a second vertical flue, and a third vertical flue;

[0010] The inlet of the first vertical flue is connected to the gas outlet of the cyclone separator via a connecting flue, the outlet of the first vertical flue is connected to the inlet of the second vertical flue, and the outlet of the second vertical flue is connected to the inlet of the third vertical flue via a turning flue.

[0011] An evaporator, a primary superheater, a secondary superheater, and a tertiary superheater are sequentially fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second vertical flue along the flue gas flow direction.

[0012] The inner wall of the third vertical flue is fixedly installed with a first-stage economizer, a second-stage economizer, a third-stage economizer, a fourth-stage economizer, and a fifth-stage economizer in sequence along the flue gas flow direction.

[0013] Furthermore, both the first and second vertical flues are enclosed by membrane water-cooled walls, and both the turning flue and the third vertical flue are enclosed by protective plates.

[0014] Furthermore, a first expansion joint is provided between the inlet of the furnace and the exhaust port of the incinerator; a second expansion joint is provided between the outlet of the furnace and the inlet of the cyclone separator; a third expansion joint is provided between the gas outlet of the cyclone separator and the inlet of the connecting flue; a fourth expansion joint is provided between the outlet of the connecting flue and the inlet of the first vertical flue; a fifth expansion joint is provided between the inlet of the deflecting flue and the outlet of the second vertical flue; and a sixth expansion joint is provided between the outlet of the deflecting flue and the inlet of the third vertical flue.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes an ash hopper and an ash conveying system device, the inlet of which is connected to the solid outlet of the cyclone separator, the bottom of the first vertical flue, the bottom of the second vertical flue, and the bottom of the third vertical flue, and the outlet of which is connected to the tail end of the incinerator.

[0016] Furthermore, the cyclone separator is a water-cooled cyclone separator.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system, in which a cyclone separator is installed at the outlet of the furnace. Since the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator can reach more than 90%, most of the dust in the high-temperature flue gas coming out of the furnace can be separated, thereby greatly reducing the problem of ash accumulation and coking on the heating surface entering the waste waste heat boiler and extending the operating time of the waste power plant. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure reference numerals: 10-Incinerator, 20-Furnace chamber, 30-Cyclone separator, 31-Connecting flue, 40-First vertical flue, 50-Second vertical flue, 51-Evaporator, 52-First stage superheater, 53-Second stage superheater, 54-Third stage superheater, 60-Third vertical flue, 61-First stage economizer, 62-Second stage economizer, 63-Third stage economizer, 64-Fourth stage economizer, 65-Fifth stage economizer, 71-First expansion joint, 72-Second expansion joint, 73-Third expansion joint, 74-Fourth expansion joint, 75-Fifth expansion joint, 76-Sixth expansion joint, 80-Ash hopper and ash conveying system, 90-Diverting flue. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "horizontal", "level", "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "inner" and "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system, including an incinerator 10, a furnace 20, a cyclone separator 30, and a waste heat boiler.

[0025] The furnace 20 is located above the incinerator 10, and the inlet of the furnace 20 is connected to the exhaust port of the incinerator 10.

[0026] The inlet of the cyclone separator 30 is connected to the outlet of the furnace 20. Both the inner walls of the cyclone separator 30 and the furnace 20 are lined with silicon carbide bricks. These silicon carbide bricks have anti-corrosion and anti-coking properties. The cyclone separator 30 can perform gas-solid separation on the incoming high-temperature flue gas, separating the ash from the high-temperature flue gas.

[0027] The inlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the gas outlet of the cyclone separator 30.

[0028] In this embodiment, the waste heat boiler includes a first vertical flue 40, a second vertical flue 50, and a third vertical flue 60.

[0029] The inlet of the first vertical flue 40 is connected to the gas outlet of the cyclone separator 30 via a connecting flue 31. The outlet of the first vertical flue 40 is connected to the inlet of the second vertical flue 50. The outlet of the second vertical flue 50 is connected to the inlet of the third vertical flue 60 via a turning flue 90.

[0030] An evaporator 51, a primary superheater 52, a secondary superheater 53, and a tertiary superheater 54 are sequentially fixed on the inner wall of the second vertical flue 50 along the flue gas flow direction.

[0031] On the inner wall of the third vertical flue 60, a first-stage economizer 61, a second-stage economizer 62, a third-stage economizer 63, a fourth-stage economizer 64, and a fifth-stage economizer 65 are fixedly installed in sequence along the flue gas flow direction.

[0032] The system operates as follows: Waste enters from the feed hopper of incinerator 10 and burns on the grate. The high-temperature flue gas generated by waste combustion passes through furnace 20, cyclone separator 30, and the first flue before entering the second vertical flue 50. Within the second vertical flue 50, it exchanges heat sequentially with evaporator 51, primary superheater 52, secondary superheater 53, and tertiary superheater 54. After heat exchange, the high-temperature flue gas then passes through diverting flue 90 into the third vertical flue 60, where it exchanges heat sequentially with primary economizer 61, secondary economizer 62, tertiary economizer 63, quaternary economizer 64, and quinary economizer 65 before finally being discharged.

[0033] A cyclone separator 30 is installed at the outlet of the furnace 20. Since the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator 30 can reach more than 90%, most of the dust in the high-temperature flue gas coming out of the furnace 20 can be separated, which can greatly reduce the problem of ash accumulation and coking on the heating surface of the waste heat boiler and extend the operating time of the waste power plant.

[0034] In one embodiment, both the first vertical flue 40 and the second vertical flue 50 are enclosed by membrane water-cooled walls. Both the turning flue 90 and the third vertical flue 60 are enclosed by protective plates.

[0035] The design of the membrane water-cooled wall can further absorb the heat energy of the high-temperature flue gas. In addition, the silicon carbide hanging bricks can increase thermal conductivity, further enhancing the heat absorption of the membrane water-cooled wall.

[0036] In one embodiment, a first expansion joint 71 is provided between the inlet of the furnace 20 and the exhaust port of the incinerator 10; a second expansion joint 72 is provided between the outlet of the furnace 20 and the inlet of the cyclone separator 30; a third expansion joint 73 is provided between the gas outlet of the cyclone separator 30 and the inlet of the connecting flue 31; a fourth expansion joint 74 is provided between the outlet of the connecting flue 31 and the inlet of the first vertical flue 40; a fifth expansion joint 75 is provided between the inlet of the diverting flue 90 and the outlet of the second vertical flue 50; and a sixth expansion joint 76 is provided between the outlet of the diverting flue 90 and the inlet of the third vertical flue 60. The design of these expansion joints can absorb expansion differences, improving the safety of the system.

[0037] In one embodiment, it also includes an ash hopper and ash conveying system device 80, the inlet of which is connected to the solid outlet of the cyclone separator 30, the bottom of the first vertical flue 40, the bottom of the second vertical flue 50 and the bottom of the third vertical flue 60, and the outlet of the ash hopper and ash conveying system device 80 is connected to the tail end of the incinerator 10.

[0038] The ash hopper and ash conveying system 80 transports the collected ash to the tail end of the incinerator 10 and sends it to the slag pit along with the ash and slag burned on the grate.

[0039] In one embodiment, the cyclone separator 30 is a water-cooled cyclone separator.

[0040] Since the water-cooled cyclone separator can achieve a separation efficiency of over 90%, it can separate most of the ash from the high-temperature flue gas exiting the furnace 20. This significantly reduces the ash and coking problems on the heating surfaces entering the waste-to-energy boiler, extending the operating time of the waste-to-energy plant. On the other hand, it also improves the heat transfer efficiency of the waste-to-energy boiler, thereby reducing the convection area between the heating surfaces and the high-temperature flue gas, especially reducing the area of ​​the superheater, which requires high-quality materials, thus reducing investment costs. Simultaneously, the separation of most of the dust in the flue gas by the cyclone separator 30 also reduces the pressure on the subsequent dust collectors in the waste-to-energy plant, lowering operating costs and extending the equipment's service life.

[0041] In this application, the flue gas flows vertically throughout the entire process, with a short path and high flow velocity. Although the heat exchange efficiency is lower compared to a horizontal waste heat boiler, it occupies a smaller area and is suitable for use in small-site scenarios.

[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model.

[0043] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system, comprising an incinerator, characterized in that: Also includes: The furnace chamber, the inlet of which is connected to the exhaust port of the incinerator; A cyclone separator, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the furnace, and silicon carbide bricks are hung on the inner walls of both the cyclone separator and the furnace. A waste heat boiler includes a first vertical flue, a second vertical flue, and a third vertical flue. The inlet of the first vertical flue is connected to the gas outlet of the cyclone separator via a connecting flue, the outlet of the first vertical flue is connected to the inlet of the second vertical flue, and the outlet of the second vertical flue is connected to the inlet of the third vertical flue via a turning flue. An evaporator, a primary superheater, a secondary superheater, and a tertiary superheater are sequentially fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second vertical flue along the flue gas flow direction. A primary economizer, a secondary economizer, a tertiary economizer, a quaternary economizer, and a quinary economizer are sequentially fixedly installed on the inner wall of the third vertical flue along the flue gas flow direction.

2. The novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vertical flue and the second vertical flue are both enclosed by membrane water-cooled walls, and the turning flue and the third vertical flue are both enclosed by protective plates.

3. The novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first expansion joint is provided between the inlet of the furnace and the exhaust port of the incinerator; a second expansion joint is provided between the outlet of the furnace and the inlet of the cyclone separator; a third expansion joint is provided between the gas outlet of the cyclone separator and the inlet of the connecting flue; a fourth expansion joint is provided between the outlet of the connecting flue and the inlet of the first vertical flue; a fifth expansion joint is provided between the inlet of the turning flue and the outlet of the second vertical flue; and a sixth expansion joint is provided between the outlet of the turning flue and the inlet of the third vertical flue.

4. A novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an ash hopper and an ash conveying system, the inlet of which is connected to the solid outlet of the cyclone separator, the bottom of the first vertical flue, the bottom of the second vertical flue, and the bottom of the third vertical flue, and the outlet of which is connected to the tail end of the incinerator.

5. A novel vertical waste incineration waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone separator is a water-cooled cyclone separator.

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