A single-cylinder hot slag cooler
By designing a single-cylinder hot slag cooler, which adopts a single heat exchange drum and a rotating furnace body structure, the problems of heat exchange efficiency, equipment life and operational stability of existing slag coolers have been solved. It achieves efficient slag cooling and waste heat recovery, and is suitable for high-temperature slag discharge scenarios such as circulating fluidized bed boilers.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522799572.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing slag coolers have significant shortcomings in terms of heat exchange efficiency, equipment lifespan, and operational stability. In particular, traditional multi-tube and honeycomb slag coolers have problems with heat transfer efficiency, equipment wear resistance, and sealing, which affect the environmental protection of the equipment and the continuity of production.
A single-cylinder hot slag cooler was designed, which adopts a single heat exchange drum and a rotating furnace body structure. The slag is pushed by a spiral pusher and non-contact heat exchange is carried out by inner and outer water jackets. This simplifies the equipment structure, reduces vulnerable parts, and improves water flow speed and equipment stability.
It achieves efficient slag cooling, reduces equipment maintenance costs and floor space, improves waste heat recovery efficiency, and is suitable for the renovation of old plants and use in scenarios with limited space.
Smart Images
Figure CN224944809U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to boiler slag cooling equipment in the fields of energy, environmental protection and metallurgical industries. Specifically, it is a single-cylinder hot slag cooler used in high-temperature slag discharge scenarios such as circulating fluidized bed boilers, belonging to the cross-technical field of heat exchange and solid waste treatment. Background Technology
[0002] In industrial production processes such as circulating fluidized bed boilers and metallurgical blast furnaces, the cooling of high-temperature slag (typically reaching 800-1200℃) is a crucial step in ensuring the safe operation and resource recovery of the system. As a core piece of equipment, the slag cooler must simultaneously achieve three major goals: rapidly reducing the slag temperature to below 100℃ (facilitating subsequent resource utilization), efficient waste heat recovery, and operational stability. Currently, mainstream slag coolers are mainly divided into three types: multi-tube, honeycomb drum, and double-layer drum. However, all of them have significant technical defects in practical applications. One is the heat exchange efficiency problem. Traditional multi-tube slag coolers form a cooling water jacket through inner and outer cylinders, relying on natural convection for heat exchange. The water flow velocity is 0.01-0.1 m / s, resulting in a convective heat transfer coefficient of only a few hundred W / (m²・℃), becoming the core limiting factor for overall heat transfer efficiency. Even honeycomb slag coolers, which increase the heat exchange area through dense channels, still suffer from numerous channel joints and uneven water flow distribution, resulting in slag temperatures often exceeding 100℃, making it difficult to meet environmental protection and secondary utilization requirements. Secondly, there is the issue of limited equipment lifespan. Low water flow velocity easily leads to cavitation on the outer wall of the inner cylinder. Cooling water is heated by high-temperature slag, forming bubbles that accumulate and burst in stagnant areas, causing localized high-pressure, high-temperature tearing of the cylinder. This results in the inner cylinder leaking and becoming unusable within 1-2 years, and the sealed cylinder is extremely difficult to repair. The flat iron joint welding structure of the honeycomb slag cooler also suffers from poor wear resistance and is prone to damage and leakage. Thirdly, there is insufficient operational stability. Slag leakage is common at the dynamic-static junction of the rotating cylinder and the stationary slag box. Traditional sealing structures cannot adapt to thermal expansion and contraction under high-temperature conditions. Slag powder leakage not only pollutes the environment but also exacerbates equipment wear. In addition, the water inlet and outlet systems of some equipment are poorly arranged, requiring shutdown and disassembly for maintenance, which seriously affects production continuity. Therefore, developing a single-cylinder slag cooler can fill this technological gap.
[0003] Therefore, developing a single-cylinder slag cooler that combines high water flow velocity, low cavitation risk, and simple and reliable structure has become a key technological direction for solving industry pain points. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings and defects of the existing technology and provide a single-cylinder hot slag cooler.
[0005] This utility model solves the technical problem through the following technical solution. A single-cylinder hot slag cooler includes a base, a drum, a furnace body, a slag inlet cylinder, a slag inlet pipe, a slag inlet pipe support, a receiving hood, a left end plate, a water jacket seal, an inner water jacket, a reinforcing plate, a reducer base, a reducer, a motor, an outer water jacket cylinder, an inner water jacket cylinder, an inner water jacket pipe, a slag outlet cylinder, a rotary connector, a bidirectional rotary joint, a water outlet pipe, a main water inlet pipe, a large sprocket, a sprocket cover, a chain, a small sprocket, a water distribution pipe, a spiral pusher, and a water inlet.
[0006] The furnace body is mounted on a base. Inside the furnace body are, in sequence, an outer water jacket and an inner water jacket. The inner water jacket is located inside the outer water jacket, forming a cavity called the inner water jacket. A main water inlet pipe is located at the center of the inner water jacket. One end of the main water inlet pipe extends out of the machine body and enters the furnace body from the right side of the inner water jacket. Both ends of the main water inlet pipe are connected to branch water pipes. Water inlets are set at both ends of the branch water pipes. The number of water inlets at the inlet end is the same as the number of inner water jacket pipes, and each water inlet corresponds to one inner water jacket pipe. Two sets of water inlets are set at the outlet end of the branch water pipes. One set of water inlets is aligned with the other end of the inner water jacket pipe, and the number of water inlets is the same as the number of inner water jacket pipes. The other set of water inlets is aligned with the inner water jacket, and the number of water inlets is the same as the number of inner water jacket pipes. Preferably, there are 6-8 inner water sleeves, which are distributed in parallel, and each water inlet sleeve has bends at both ends; A water outlet pipe is fitted around the water inlet end of the main water inlet pipe. The water outlet pipe is connected to the inner water jacket through a water inlet, so that the water that undergoes superheat exchange in the inner water jacket can flow out through the water outlet pipe. The main water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected to a two-way rotary joint. The main water inlet pipe is connected to a rotary pipe at the end that enters the furnace body. The inner cylinder of the water jacket is equipped with a drum, and the drum is equipped with a spiral pusher blade, which can push the slag forward. A slag inlet pipe support is installed on the left end of the base. A slag inlet cylinder is installed on the slag inlet pipe support. The lower end of the slag inlet cylinder is connected to the slag inlet pipe. The slag inlet pipe is inserted into the drum through the receiving hood and the left end plate. The receiving hood prevents slag overflow. The overflowing high-temperature slag enters the slag inlet pipe through the receiving hood. A water jacket is installed at the left end plate to seal the slag inlet pipe. A reinforcing plate is installed in the middle of the furnace body, a reducer base is installed in the middle of the base, a reducer is installed on the reducer base, a motor is connected to the right side of the reducer, a small sprocket is installed on one side of the reducer, the small sprocket is connected to the large sprocket through a chain, and a sprocket cover is installed above the large sprocket and the small sprocket. A slag discharge box is installed on the right side of the furnace body. The slag discharge box is connected to the right end of the drum to receive the cooled slag flowing out of the drum.
[0007] In operation, the single-cylinder hot slag cooler first introduces hot slag into the slag inlet cylinder from the left end of the furnace body, then into the slag inlet pipe, and finally into the drum. Driven by the motor, reducer, large sprocket, and small sprocket, the furnace body rotates, propelling the hot slag forward within the drum via a spiral pusher and the furnace body's rotation. Cooling water enters the main inlet pipe from the other end of the furnace body, then flows through a branch pipe at the right end of the main inlet pipe into the inner water jacket. Return water flows through a branch pipe at the left end of the main inlet pipe into the inner water jacket, allowing the cooling water and hot slag to exchange heat without direct contact. Finally, the cooled slag enters the slag discharge box, completing the slag cooling process.
[0008] This single-cylinder hot slag cooler has a very simple structure, consisting of a single heat exchange drum and a rotating furnace body. It avoids complex tubes and tube bundles, resulting in fewer vulnerable parts, quick installation and maintenance, and ample maintenance space. The large single-cylinder channel is suitable for large-particle, highly viscous slag and is easier to clean than tube-type coolers. The machine is compact, occupying little space. The single drum design eliminates flow deviation, resulting in low vibration and noise. The adjustable speed facilitates easy control of cooling and slag discharge. Flexible heat exchange methods are available, allowing for both water and air cooling. High waste heat recovery efficiency is beneficial for subsequent transportation and utilization. Low overall manufacturing, installation, and maintenance costs make it suitable for upgrading existing plants and applications with limited space. Attached Figure Description
[0009] Appendix Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a single-tube slag cooler is attached. Figure 2 Left view of a single-tube slag cooler; attached. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main sectional view of the drum structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side sectional view of the drum structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water jacket structure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side sectional view of the water jacket structure.
[0010] Illustration: 1. Base, 2. Drum, 3. Furnace body, 4. Slag inlet cylinder, 5. Slag inlet pipe, 6. Slag inlet pipe support, 7. Material receiving cover, 8. Left end plate, 9. Water jacket plug, 10. Inner water jacket, 11. Reinforcing plate, 12. Reducer base, 13. Reducer, 14. Motor, 15. Water jacket outer cylinder, 16. Water jacket inner cylinder, 17. Water inlet sleeve, 18. Slag outlet cylinder, 19. Rotary connecting pipe, 20. Bidirectional rotary joint, 21. Water outlet pipe, 22. Main water inlet pipe, 23. Large sprocket, 24. Sprocket cover, 25. Chain, 26. Small sprocket, 27. Water distribution pipe, 28. Spiral pusher plate. Detailed Implementation
[0011] The single-cylinder hot slag cooler includes a base 1, a drum 2, a furnace body 3, a slag inlet cylinder 4, a slag inlet pipe 5, a slag inlet pipe support 6, a material receiving cover 7, a left end plate 8, a water jacket plug 9, an inner water jacket 10, a reinforcing plate 11, a reducer base 12, a reducer 13, a motor 14, an outer water jacket cylinder 15, an inner water jacket cylinder 16, an inner water jacket pipe 17, a slag outlet cylinder 18, a rotary connector 19, a bidirectional rotary joint 20, a water outlet pipe 21, a main water inlet pipe 22, a large sprocket 23, a sprocket cover 24, a chain 25, a small sprocket 26, a water distribution pipe 27, a spiral pusher blade 28, and a water inlet 29.
[0012] The furnace body 3 is mounted on the base 1. Inside the furnace body 3 are, in sequence, an outer water jacket cylinder 15 and an inner water jacket cylinder 16. The inner water jacket cylinder 16 is inside the outer water jacket cylinder 15, forming a cavity called the inner water jacket 10. A main water inlet pipe 22 is provided at the center of the inner water jacket cylinder 16. One end of the main water inlet pipe 22 extends out of the machine body and enters the furnace body from the right side of the inner water jacket cylinder 16. Both ends of the main water inlet pipe 22 are connected to the branch water pipes 27. Water inlets 29 are provided at both ends of the branch water pipes 27. There are 6 water inlets 29 at the water inlet end, and each water inlet 29 corresponds to one inner water jacket pipe 17. Two sets of water inlets are provided at the water outlet end of the branch water pipes 27. One set of water inlets has 6 water inlets aligned with the inner water jacket pipes 17, and the other set of water inlets 29 has 6 water inlets aligned with the inner water jacket 10. There are 6 inner water jacket pipes, which are distributed in parallel. Each water inlet pipe has bends at both ends. A water outlet pipe 21 is fitted around the water inlet end of the main water inlet pipe 22. The water outlet pipe 21 is connected to the inner water jacket 10 through the water inlet 29 on the inner water jacket 10, so that the water undergoing superheat exchange in the inner water jacket 10 flows out through the water outlet pipe 21. The main water inlet pipe 22 and the water outlet pipe 21 are connected to the bidirectional rotary joint 20. The main water inlet pipe 22 is connected to the rotary pipe 19 at the end that enters the furnace body 3. The inner cylinder 16 of the water jacket is equipped with a drum 2, and a spiral pusher 28 is installed inside the drum 2. The slag can be pushed forward by the spiral pusher 28. A slag inlet pipe support 6 is set at the left end of the base 1. A slag inlet cylinder 4 is installed on the slag inlet pipe support 6. The lower end of the slag inlet cylinder 4 is connected to the slag inlet pipe 5. The slag inlet pipe 5 is inserted into the drum 2 through the receiving hood 7 and the left end plate 8. The receiving hood 7 prevents slag overflow. The overflowing high-temperature slag enters the slag inlet pipe 5 through the receiving hood 7. A water jacket seal 9 is set at the left end plate 8. A reinforcing plate 11 is set in the middle of the furnace body 3, a reducer base 12 is installed in the middle of the base 1, a reducer 13 is installed on the reducer base 12, a motor 14 is connected to the right side of the reducer 13, a small sprocket 26 is installed on one side of the reducer 13, the small sprocket 26 is connected to the large sprocket 23 through a chain 25, and a sprocket cover 24 is set above the large sprocket 23 and the small sprocket 26. A slag discharge box 18 is provided on the right side of the furnace body 3. The slag discharge box 18 is connected to the right end of the drum 2 to receive the cooled slag flowing out of the drum 2.
[0013] In operation, the single-cylinder hot slag cooler first introduces hot slag into the slag inlet cylinder 4 from the left end of the furnace body 3, then into the slag inlet pipe 5, and finally into the drum 2. Driven by the motor 14, reducer 13, large sprocket 23, and small sprocket 26, the furnace body 3 rotates, propelling the hot slag forward within the drum 2 via the spiral pusher 28 and the rotation of the furnace body 3. Cooling water enters the main water inlet pipe 22 from the other end of the furnace body 3, then flows through the branch pipe 27 at the right end of the main water inlet pipe 22 into the inner water jacket. Return water flows through the branch pipe at the left end of the main water inlet pipe into the inner water jacket 10, allowing the cooling water and hot slag to exchange heat without direct contact. Finally, the cooled slag enters the slag discharge box 18, completing the slag cooling process. This slag cooler can rapidly cool high-temperature ash slag (≤1000℃) to below 100℃, providing the necessary preconditions for the normal operation of the subsequent slag conveying system. This single-cylinder hot slag cooler has a very simple structure, consisting of a single heat exchange drum and a rotating furnace body. It avoids complex tubes and tube bundles, resulting in fewer vulnerable parts, quick installation and maintenance, and ample maintenance space. The large single-cylinder channel is suitable for large-particle, highly viscous slag and is easier to clean than tube-type coolers. The machine is compact, occupying little space. The single drum design eliminates flow deviation, resulting in low vibration and noise. The adjustable speed facilitates easy control of cooling and slag discharge. Flexible heat exchange methods are available, allowing for both water and air cooling. High waste heat recovery efficiency is beneficial for subsequent transportation and utilization. Low overall manufacturing, installation, and maintenance costs make it suitable for upgrading existing plants and applications with limited space.
Claims
1. A single drum hot slag cooler characterized by: Includes base, drum, furnace body, slag inlet cylinder, slag inlet pipe, slag inlet pipe support, material receiving cover, left end plate, water jacket seal, inner water jacket, reinforcing plate, reducer base, reducer, motor, water jacket outer cylinder, water jacket inner cylinder, inner water jacket pipe, slag outlet cylinder, rotary connector, bidirectional rotary joint, water outlet pipe, main water inlet pipe, large sprocket, sprocket cover, chain, small sprocket, water distribution pipe, spiral pusher plate, and water inlet; The furnace body is mounted on the base. Inside the furnace body are, in sequence, an outer water jacket and an inner water jacket. The inner water jacket is located inside the outer water jacket, forming a cavity called the inner water jacket. A main water inlet pipe is located at the center of the inner water jacket, with one end extending out of the machine body. The main water inlet pipe enters the furnace body from the right side of the inner water jacket. Both ends of the main water inlet pipe are connected to branch water pipes. Water inlets are set at both ends of the branch water pipes. The number of water inlets at the inlet end is the same as the number of inner water jacket pipes, with each water inlet corresponding to one inner water jacket pipe. Two sets of water inlets are set at the outlet end of the branch water pipes. One set of water inlets is aligned with the other end of the inner water jacket pipe, with the same number of water inlets as the inner water jacket pipes. The other set of water inlets is aligned with the inner water jacket, with the same number of water inlets as the inner water jacket pipes. A water outlet pipe is fitted around the water inlet end of the main water inlet pipe. The water outlet pipe is connected to the inner water jacket through a water inlet. The main water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected to a two-way rotary joint. The main water inlet pipe is connected to a rotary connector at the end where it enters the furnace body. The inner cylinder of the water jacket is equipped with a drum, and the drum is equipped with a spiral pusher blade, which can push the slag forward. The lower end of the slag inlet cylinder is connected to the slag inlet pipe. The slag inlet pipe is inserted into the drum through the receiving hood and the left end plate. The receiving hood prevents slag overflow. The overflowing high-temperature slag enters the slag inlet pipe through the receiving hood. A water jacket is installed at the left end plate for sealing.
2. A single drum hot slag cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag inlet pipe bracket is installed on the left end of the base, and a slag inlet cylinder is installed on the slag inlet pipe bracket.
3. A single drum type hot slag cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing plate is installed in the middle of the furnace body, a reducer base is installed in the middle of the base, a reducer is installed on the reducer base, a motor is connected to the right side of the reducer, a small sprocket is installed on one side of the reducer, the small sprocket is connected to the large sprocket through a chain, and a sprocket cover is installed above the large sprocket and the small sprocket.
4. A single drum type hot slag cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag discharge box is installed on the right side of the furnace body. The slag discharge box is connected to the right end of the drum to receive the cooled slag flowing out of the drum.
5. A single cylinder type hot slag cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 6-8 inner water inlet sleeves, which are distributed in parallel, and each inlet sleeve has bends at both ends.