An automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown of a heating unit

Abstract

This utility model discloses an automatic thermoelectric decoupling system for the operation and shutdown of a heating unit, comprising a central control unit, a thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit, a steam flow regulation unit, a hot water circulation regulation unit, a bypass switching unit, an energy storage unit, an alarm unit, a human-machine interaction unit, a communication unit, and a power supply unit. The central control unit is electrically connected to the thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit, the steam flow regulation unit, the hot water circulation regulation unit, the bypass switching unit, the energy storage unit, the alarm unit, the human-machine interaction unit, and the communication unit. The power supply unit supplies power to each electrical unit of the system. It has the technical characteristics of enabling real-time acquisition of thermoelectric parameters during the operation and shutdown of the unit, coordination between various control units, and effective solution to thermoelectric coupling problems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of heating unit control technology, specifically to an automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown process of a heating unit. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of combined heat and power (CHP) units, it is often necessary to shut down the heating units to meet grid dispatch requirements or for equipment maintenance. However, in traditional CHP unit shutdown processes, there is a strong coupling relationship between the power generation and heating systems. When the unit reduces its load or shuts down, the steam supply decreases accordingly, resulting in insufficient heating supply to the heating network and failing to meet users' heating needs. Conversely, if the steam supply is maintained to ensure heating, it will affect the unit shutdown process and may even interfere with the stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] Currently, some heating units use manual adjustment to achieve thermoelectric decoupling. However, manual adjustment is slow in response and has low precision, and the coordination between control units is poor, making it impossible to achieve fully automated decoupling control. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system with a reasonable structural design that can achieve efficient thermoelectric decoupling to solve the thermoelectric coupling problem during the commissioning and shutdown of heating units. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown of a heating unit. By optimizing the system structure design, it realizes real-time acquisition of thermoelectric parameters and coordination between various control units during the shutdown process, effectively solving the thermoelectric coupling problem and ensuring heating stability and smooth shutdown of the unit.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model discloses an automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the operation and shutdown of a heating unit, comprising a central control unit, a thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit, a steam flow regulation unit, a hot water circulation regulation unit, a bypass switching unit, an energy storage unit, an alarm unit, a human-machine interaction unit, a communication unit, and a power supply unit.

[0007] The central control unit is electrically connected to the thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit, steam flow regulation unit, hot water circulation regulation unit, bypass switching unit, energy storage unit, alarm unit, human-machine interaction unit and communication unit respectively, and the power supply unit supplies power to each power-consuming unit of the system.

[0008] Preferably, the thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, and a power sensor; the temperature sensor is installed on the steam outlet pipe, the hot water supply pipe, and the hot water return pipe of the heating unit, respectively; the pressure sensor is installed on the steam outlet pipe and the hot water circulation pipe, respectively; the flow sensor is installed at the regulating valve of the steam flow regulating unit and the outlet of the circulating water pump of the hot water circulation regulating unit, respectively; and the power sensor is installed at the power generation output terminal of the heating unit.

[0009] Preferably, the steam flow regulating unit includes an electric regulating valve and a valve driving module; the electric regulating valve is installed in series on the connecting pipe between the main steam pipeline of the heating unit and the heating network heater, the valve driving module is connected to the electric regulating valve, and the valve driving module is electrically connected to the central control unit.

[0010] Preferably, the hot water circulation regulating unit includes a variable frequency circulating water pump and a water pump variable frequency controller; the variable frequency circulating water pump is installed on the circulation pipeline between the hot water outlet of the heating network heater and the return water pipeline of the user's heating network, the water pump variable frequency controller is electrically connected to the variable frequency circulating water pump, and the water pump variable frequency controller is signal connected to the central control unit.

[0011] Preferably, the bypass switching unit includes a steam bypass pipe, a bypass electric valve, and a switching control module; one end of the steam bypass pipe is connected to the main steam pipe of the heating unit near the unit outlet, and the other end is connected to the inlet pipe of the condenser; the bypass electric valve is installed on the steam bypass pipe; and the switching control module is electrically connected to the bypass electric valve and the central control unit respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the energy storage unit includes an insulated hot water storage tank, an electric heating device, and an energy storage control module; the insulated hot water storage tank is connected to the water supply pipe and return pipe of the user's heating network through connecting pipes, the electric heating device is installed inside the insulated hot water storage tank, and the energy storage control module is electrically connected to the electric heating device, the central control unit, and the thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit.

[0013] Preferably, the communication unit includes a wired communication module and a wireless communication module; the wired communication module is connected to the DCS system of the heating unit via an Ethernet interface, the wireless communication module is connected to the remote monitoring center via a 4G / 5G or LoRa module, and the communication unit is bidirectionally connected to the central control unit.

[0014] Preferably, the human-machine interaction unit includes a touch screen and physical buttons; the touch screen is embedded in the front panel of the system control cabinet, the physical buttons are located below the touch screen, and the human-machine interaction unit is bidirectionally electrically connected to the central control unit.

[0015] Preferably, the alarm unit includes an audible and visual alarm and an alarm indicator light; the audible and visual alarm is installed on the top of the system control cabinet, the alarm indicator light is located on one side of the system control cabinet, and the alarm unit is electrically connected to the central control unit.

[0016] Preferably, the central control unit, communication unit, and power supply unit are integrated and installed in a vertical control cabinet. The vertical control cabinet has heat dissipation louvers on its side and a cable inlet hole at its bottom. The vertical control cabinet is fixedly installed in the control room of the heating unit by bolts.

[0017] Beneficial effects:

[0018] This utility model, through a rational structural design, organically integrates the central control unit with various functional units, realizing real-time acquisition, automatic adjustment, and coordinated control of thermoelectric parameters during the operation and shutdown of the heating unit. This effectively decouples the thermoelectric components, ensuring smooth unit operation and stable heating. The functional units feature a modular design: steam flow regulation, hot water circulation regulation, bypass switching, and energy storage units all adopt a modular structure, with each unit working independently yet collaboratively, facilitating installation, maintenance, and future upgrades. The communication and interaction structure is rational: the wired and wireless dual-mode design of the communication unit enables seamless integration with the internal DCS system and external remote monitoring center; the embedded touchscreen and physical button combination of the human-machine interface unit balances ease of operation with emergency reliability. The integrated vertical control cabinet structure of the central control unit, communication unit, and power supply unit, combined with heat dissipation louvers and cable entry holes, not only saves installation space but also ensures equipment operational stability and wiring standardization. The distributed installation structure of the alarm unit's audible and visual alarms and indicator lights provides timely and clear fault information, enhancing the system's safety protection capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall principle of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating the principle of the steam flow regulating unit of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the principle of the hot water circulation regulating unit of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the bypass switching unit of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of the communication unit principle of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of the communication unit principle of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a block diagram illustrating the principle of the human-computer interaction unit and alarm unit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following will refer to the appendix in the embodiments of this utility model. Figure 1-8 The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0028] Technical solution / principle:

[0029] This system operates on the core principles of "centralized control, automatic adjustment, and coordinated energy replenishment." By collecting key thermoelectric parameters in real time, the central control unit analyzes and judges the data, driving the linkage of various functional units. This breaks the limitations of traditional thermoelectric coupling and responds in real time to the dynamic changes in steam supply and hot water demand during shutdowns. The thermoelectric decoupling principle involves bypassing and diverting excess steam, and using energy storage units to supplement the heating gap, enabling the independent and stable operation of the power generation system during shutdowns and the heating system. The central control unit coordinates units such as steam flow, hot water circulation, energy storage, and alarms, and achieves collaborative management between local and remote systems through communication interaction.

[0030] Specifically:

[0031] During the shutdown process of the heating unit, the automatic thermoelectric decoupling system of this utility model first collects parameters such as steam temperature, pressure, flow rate, power generation, and supply water temperature, return water temperature, and circulating water flow rate of the heating unit in real time through the temperature sensor 21, pressure sensor 22, flow sensor 23, and power sensor 24 of the thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit 2. These parameters are then transmitted to the central control unit 1. The central control unit 1 analyzes and processes the collected parameters to determine whether the unit is in a shutdown state and the operating status of the thermoelectric system. When the unit begins to shut down and the power generation decreases, resulting in a reduction in steam supply, the central control unit 1 first controls the valve drive module 32 of the steam flow regulation unit 3 to drive the electric regulating valve 31 to adjust the steam flow rate entering the heating network heater 17 according to the heating demand. At the same time, it controls the water pump frequency converter 42 of the hot water circulation regulation unit 4 to adjust the speed of the variable frequency circulating water pump 41, changing the circulating water flow rate and pressure to maintain the basic heating supply of the heating network. If the steam supply continues to decrease and cannot meet the heating demand, the central control unit 1 controls the energy storage control module 63 of the energy storage unit 6 to start the insulated hot water storage tank 61 to release the stored heat. If the heat is insufficient, the electric heating device 62 can be controlled to work to supplement the heating load. During unit shutdown, if the steam pressure is too high, the central control unit 1 controls the switching control module 53 of the bypass switching unit 5 to open the bypass electric valve 52, allowing excess steam to be introduced into the condenser 20 through the steam bypass pipe 51 to ensure stable system pressure. At the same time, the wired communication module 91 and the wireless communication module 92 of the communication unit 9 transmit the system's operating parameters to the heating unit's DCS system 22 and the remote monitoring center 23 in real time. Operators can monitor the system's operating status in real time through the touch screen 81 and physical buttons of the human-machine interaction unit 8 and send control commands as needed. When abnormal system parameters occur, the central control unit 1 controls the audible and visual alarm 71 and alarm indicator 72 of the alarm unit 7 to issue alarm signals, reminding operators to handle the situation promptly.

[0032] A specific embodiment:

[0033] The central control unit 1 uses a PLC controller, model S7-1200; temperature sensor 21 is a platinum resistance temperature sensor with a measurement range of -50℃ to 300℃; pressure sensor 22 is a diffused silicon pressure sensor with a measurement range of 0-1.6MPa; flow sensor 23 is an electromagnetic flowmeter with an accuracy of 0.5 class; and power sensor 24 is a Hall current-voltage power sensor. In the steam flow regulating unit 3, the electric regulating valve 31 is an electronic electric single-seat regulating valve with a diameter of DN100; the valve drive module 32 is a servo drive module matched with the electric regulating valve. In the hot water circulation regulating unit 4, the variable frequency circulating water pump 41 is a pipeline centrifugal pump with a flow rate of 50m³ / h. 3The pump has a head of 30m and a flow rate of 15kW. The pump frequency converter 42 is a vector-type frequency converter with a power of 15kW. In the bypass switching unit 5, the steam bypass pipe 51 is a seamless steel pipe with a diameter of DN80; the bypass electric valve 52 is an electric flange ball valve; and the switching control module 53 is a relay control module. In the energy storage unit 6, the insulated hot water storage tank 61 has a volume of 500L, is made of stainless steel, and is wrapped with a polyurethane insulation layer; the electric heating device 62 uses a stainless steel heating tube with a total power of 20kW; and the energy storage control module 63 is a single-chip microcomputer control module. In the communication unit 9, the wired communication module 91 uses an Ethernet communication module, supporting the TCP / IP protocol; and the wireless communication module 92 uses a 4G communication module, supporting full network connectivity. In the human-machine interaction unit 8, the touchscreen 81 is a 10.1-inch industrial touchscreen; the physical buttons include a start button, a stop button, a reset button, and an emergency stop button. In alarm unit 7, the audible and visual alarm 71 uses a high-decibel audible and visual alarm horn; the alarm indicator 72 uses red, yellow, and green LED indicators, corresponding to emergency faults, general faults, and normal operating conditions, respectively. During system installation, the central control unit 1, communication unit 9, and power supply unit 10 are integrated and installed in a vertical control cabinet. The control cabinet measures 1800mm × 800mm × 600mm, with 200mm × 300mm ventilation louvers on the side and four 50mm diameter cable entry holes at the bottom. It is fixed to the concrete floor of the control room using M12 expansion bolts.

[0034] Each sensor is installed in the position described above. The pipe connections of the steam flow regulating unit 3, hot water circulation regulating unit 4, bypass switching unit 5, and energy storage unit 6 are made using flange connections to ensure reliable sealing. During system operation, the thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit 2 collects various parameters in real time and transmits them to the central control unit 1. The central control unit 1 controls the steam flow regulating unit 3 to regulate the steam flow and controls the hot water circulation regulating unit 4 to regulate the hot water circulation state according to the preset program and parameter signals (this application does not limit the program of the central control unit 1, nor does it rely on a special program; it only needs to utilize the original component functions of the central control unit 1 in the existing technology). When there is excess steam during unit shutdown, the bypass switching unit 5 is controlled to open the bypass electric valve 52 to introduce the excess steam into the condenser 20. When the heating supply is insufficient, the energy storage unit 6 is controlled to start the electric heating device 62 to heat the water in the insulated hot water storage tank 61 and supply water to the user's pipe network. Communication unit 9 enables communication between the system and DCS system (DCS system is existing technology and will not be described in detail) and remote monitoring center. Human-machine interaction unit 8 allows operators to set parameters and perform operations. When a system fault occurs, alarm unit 7 activates the alarm.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All variations that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of this utility model should be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown of a heating unit, characterized in that, It includes a central control unit (1), a thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit (2), a steam flow regulation unit (3), a hot water circulation regulation unit (4), a bypass switching unit (5), an energy storage unit (6), an alarm unit (7), a human-machine interaction unit (8), a communication unit (9), and a power supply unit (10). The central control unit (1) is electrically connected to the thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit (2), the steam flow regulation unit (3), the hot water circulation regulation unit (4), the bypass switching unit (5), the energy storage unit (6), the alarm unit (7), the human-machine interaction unit (8), and the communication unit (9), respectively. The power supply unit (10) supplies power to each power-consuming unit of the system.

2. The automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown process of a heating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit (2) includes a temperature sensor (21), a pressure sensor (22), a flow sensor (23), and a power sensor (24). The temperature sensor (21) is installed on the steam outlet pipe (11), hot water supply pipe (12), and hot water return pipe (13) of the heating unit, respectively. The pressure sensor (22) is installed on the steam outlet pipe (11) and the hot water circulation pipe (14), respectively. The flow sensor (23) is installed at the regulating valve (31) of the steam flow regulating unit (3) and at the outlet of the circulating water pump (41) of the hot water circulation regulating unit (4), respectively. The power sensor (24) is installed at the power generation output end (15) of the heating unit.

3. The automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown process of a heating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam flow regulating unit (3) includes an electric regulating valve (31) and a valve drive module (32); the electric regulating valve (31) is installed in series on the pipeline between the main steam pipeline (16) of the heating unit and the heat network heater (17); the valve drive module (32) is connected to the electric regulating valve (31); and the valve drive module (32) is electrically connected to the central control unit (1).

4. The automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown process of a heating unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hot water circulation regulating unit (4) includes a variable frequency circulating water pump (41) and a water pump variable frequency controller (42); the variable frequency circulating water pump (41) is installed on the hot water circulation pipe (14) between the hot water outlet (19) of the heating network heater (17) and the return water pipe (13) of the user's heating network; the water pump variable frequency controller (42) is electrically connected to the variable frequency circulating water pump (41) and the water pump variable frequency controller (42) is signal connected to the central control unit (1).

5. The automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown process of a heating unit according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The bypass switching unit (5) includes a steam bypass pipe (51), a bypass electric valve (52), and a switching control module (53). One end of the steam bypass pipe (51) is connected to the main steam pipe (16) of the heating unit near the unit outlet, and the other end is connected to the inlet pipe (210) of the condenser (20). The bypass electric valve (52) is installed on the steam bypass pipe (51). The switching control module (53) is electrically connected to the bypass electric valve (52) and the central control unit (1) respectively.

6. The automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown process of a heating unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy storage unit (6) includes an insulated hot water storage tank (61), an electric heating device (62), and an energy storage control module (63). The insulated hot water storage tank (61) is connected to the water supply pipe (12) and return pipe (13) of the user's heating network through a connecting pipe (64). The electric heating device (62) is installed inside the insulated hot water storage tank (61). The energy storage control module (63) is electrically connected to the electric heating device (62), the central control unit (1), and the thermoelectric parameter acquisition unit (2).

7. The automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown process of a heating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication unit (9) includes a wired communication module (91) and a wireless communication module (92); the wired communication module (91) is connected to the DCS system of the heating unit via an Ethernet interface (93), the wireless communication module (92) is connected to the remote monitoring center (230) via a 4G / 5G or LoRa module, and the communication unit (9) is bidirectionally connected to the central control unit (1).

8. The automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown process of a heating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The human-machine interaction unit (8) includes a touch screen (81) and physical buttons; the touch screen (81) is embedded in the front panel of the system control cabinet (240), the physical buttons are located below the touch screen (81), and the human-machine interaction unit (8) is bidirectionally electrically connected to the central control unit (1).

9. The automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown process of a heating unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The alarm unit (7) includes an audible and visual alarm (71) and an alarm indicator (72); the audible and visual alarm (71) is installed on the top of the system control cabinet (240), the alarm indicator (72) is located on one side of the system control cabinet (240), and the alarm unit (7) is electrically connected to the central control unit (1).

10. The automatic thermoelectric decoupling system during the shutdown process of a heating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control unit (1), communication unit (9), and power supply unit (10) are integrated and installed in a vertical control cabinet. The vertical control cabinet has heat dissipation louvers on its side and cable inlet holes at its bottom. The vertical control cabinet is fixedly installed in the control room of the heating unit by bolts.

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