An absorption unit

Abstract

This utility model discloses an absorption chiller unit. Compared with conventional absorption heat exchanger units, it features two independent solution circulation loops: a main solution circulation loop and an auxiliary solution circulation loop. The main solution circulation loop includes a high-temperature generator and a low-temperature generator; the auxiliary solution circulation loop consists of an auxiliary absorber and an auxiliary generator. The low-temperature generator has a higher solution temperature and concentration, making it difficult to directly drive the process using secondary steam generated by the high-temperature generator. Therefore, the auxiliary absorber helps generate refrigerant vapor. Simultaneously, because the auxiliary generator has a lower solution temperature and concentration, the same secondary steam entering the auxiliary generator can directly generate refrigerant vapor and then condense in the condenser. Thus, the absorption chiller unit of this application can utilize intermediate-grade heat sources, has more operating conditions, a wider application range, and an energy utilization efficiency of approximately 1.06, with relatively high recovery efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste heat utilization equipment technology, specifically to an absorption chiller unit. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium bromide chillers / heat pumps are a type of absorption chiller. Based on their energy efficiency, they are generally divided into single-effect and double-effect chillers. The core difference between the two is that the driving steam heats the dilute solution in the high-temperature generator of the double-effect chiller to produce refrigerant steam. This secondary steam serves as the driving heat source for the low-temperature generator, which means that the heat of the driving steam is utilized twice in the double-effect chiller.

[0003] For double-effect generators, the steam grade of the high-temperature generator must be significantly higher than that of the low-temperature generator to ensure that the secondary steam produced by the high-temperature generator is sufficient to drive the low-temperature generator. In existing technologies, some intermediate-temperature heat sources are insufficient to drive double-effect generators and are also unsuitable for driving single-effect generators, making them difficult to utilize. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an absorption chiller unit that, by adding an auxiliary absorber and an auxiliary generator, can utilize heat sources that cannot drive a double-effect chiller as driving heat sources.

[0005] This application provides an absorption chiller unit, including a high-pressure absorber, a low-temperature generator, a high-temperature generator, a low-pressure absorber, an auxiliary absorber, an auxiliary generator, and a condenser. The high-pressure absorber, the low-temperature generator, the high-temperature generator, and the low-pressure absorber form a main solution circulation loop. The auxiliary absorber and the auxiliary generator form an auxiliary solution circulation loop. The solution concentration in the auxiliary generator is lower than that in the low-temperature generator. The steam outlet of the high-temperature generator is connected to the drive pipe inlets of the auxiliary generator and the low-temperature generator. The steam outlet of the auxiliary generator is connected to the steam inlet of the condenser. The steam outlet of the low-temperature generator is connected to the steam inlet of the auxiliary absorber.

[0006] In this embodiment, compared to conventional absorption heat exchangers, two independent solution circulation loops are set up: a main solution circulation loop and an auxiliary solution circulation loop. The main solution circulation loop includes a high-temperature generator and a low-temperature generator; the auxiliary solution circulation loop consists of an auxiliary absorber and an auxiliary generator. The low-temperature generator has a higher solution temperature and concentration, making it difficult to directly drive the process with the secondary steam generated by the high-temperature generator. Therefore, an auxiliary absorber is used to help generate refrigerant vapor. Simultaneously, because the auxiliary generator has a lower solution temperature and concentration, the same secondary steam entering the auxiliary generator can directly generate refrigerant vapor and then condense in the condenser. Thus, the absorption heat exchanger in this application can utilize intermediate-grade heat sources. For example, the unit can use saturated steam at around 140°C as the driving heat source for the high-temperature generator. It can recover waste heat from heat sources with a wider temperature range, allowing the unit to operate under more conditions and with a wider range of applications. The unit's energy utilization efficiency can reach around 1.06, and the recovery efficiency is also relatively high.

[0007] In one example, the absorption unit further includes a high-pressure evaporator and a low-pressure evaporator, wherein the steam outlet of the high-pressure evaporator is connected to the inner cavity of the high-pressure absorber, and the steam outlet of the low-pressure evaporator is connected to the inner cavity of the low-pressure absorber; wherein, during operation, the evaporation pressure of the high-pressure evaporator is higher than the evaporation pressure of the low-pressure evaporator.

[0008] In one example, the outlet of the cold water line of the high-pressure evaporator and the inlet of the cold water line of the low-pressure evaporator are connected in series.

[0009] In one example, the solution outlet of the high-pressure absorber is connected to the solution inlet of the low-temperature generator. One stream of solution from the low-temperature generator passes through the high-temperature generator and mixes with another stream of solution flowing out of the low-temperature generator before entering the low-pressure absorber. The solution outlet of the low-pressure absorber is connected to the solution inlet of the high-pressure absorber.

[0010] In one example, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger is also included for exchanging heat between the solution flowing out of the high-temperature generator and the solution flowing from the solution outlet of the low-temperature generator to the solution inlet of the high-temperature generator.

[0011] Or / and,

[0012] It also includes a low-temperature solution heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the solution flowing out of the high-pressure absorber and the solution flowing from the solution outlet of the low-temperature generator to the solution outlet of the low-pressure absorber.

[0013] In one example, the drive line of the auxiliary generator and the drive line of the low-temperature generator are connected in parallel between the steam outlet of the high-temperature generator and the steam inlet of the condenser.

[0014] In one example, the refrigerant outlet of the condenser is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure evaporator or the low-pressure evaporator. The refrigerant flowing out of the high-pressure evaporator and the refrigerant flowing out of the low-pressure evaporator are combined and then split into two streams that enter the interior of the high-pressure evaporator and the low-pressure evaporator respectively.

[0015] Alternatively, the refrigerant outlet of the condenser may be connected to both the refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure evaporator and the refrigerant inlet of the low-pressure evaporator.

[0016] In one example, the drive line of the auxiliary generator and the drive line of the low-temperature generator are connected in series between the steam outlet of the high-temperature generator and the steam inlet of the condenser.

[0017] In one example, the cooling water pipes of the high-pressure absorber, the low-pressure absorber, the auxiliary absorber, and the condenser are connected in series, in parallel, or in a series-parallel connection.

[0018] In one example, the cooling water inlet of the high-pressure absorber and the cooling water inlet of the low-pressure absorber are simultaneously connected to the main cooling water inlet pipeline, the cooling water outlet of the high-pressure absorber and the cooling water outlet of the low-pressure absorber are both connected to the cooling water inlet of the auxiliary absorber, and the cooling water outlet of the auxiliary absorber is connected to the cooling water inlet of the condenser. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an absorption chiller unit in one embodiment of this application.

[0020] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0021] 11. Low-pressure evaporator; 12. High-pressure evaporator;

[0022] 21 High-temperature generator; 22 Low-temperature generator; 23 Auxiliary generator;

[0023] 31 Low-pressure absorber; 32 High-pressure absorber; 33 Auxiliary absorber;

[0024] 4. Condenser;

[0025] 51 High-temperature solution heat exchanger; 52 Low-temperature solution heat exchanger; 53 Medium-temperature solution heat exchanger;

[0026] 61 First solution pump; 62 Second solution pump; 63 Third solution pump;

[0027] 71 Low-pressure solution spray pump; 72 High-pressure solution spray pump;

[0028] 8. Refrigerant pumps. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an absorption chiller unit in one embodiment of this application.

[0031] This application provides an absorption chiller unit, including a high-pressure absorber 32, a low-temperature generator 22, a high-temperature generator 21, a low-pressure absorber 31, an auxiliary absorber 33, an auxiliary generator 23, a condenser 4, and an evaporator. The high-pressure absorber 32, low-temperature generator 22, high-temperature generator 21, and low-pressure absorber 31 can form a main solution circulation loop. The connection of the high-pressure absorber 32, low-temperature generator 22, high-temperature generator 21, and low-pressure absorber 31 can take various forms, such as series or series-parallel connections; a specific connection method will be described in detail later. The auxiliary absorber 33 and auxiliary generator 23 can form an auxiliary solution circulation loop. In this application embodiment, the drive pipe of the auxiliary generator 23 and the drive pipe of the low-temperature generator 22 are connected in series between the steam outlet of the high-temperature generator 21 and the steam inlet of the condenser 4. In one example, a driving heat source is introduced into the high-temperature generator 21, and the auxiliary generator 23 and the low-temperature generator 22 can utilize the secondary steam evaporated by the high-temperature generator 21 as a heat source. In one specific example, the drive lines of the auxiliary generator 23 and the low-temperature generator 22 are connected in parallel between the steam outlet of the high-temperature generator 21 and the steam inlet of the condenser 4. This results in a relatively high temperature for the driving heat source in the high-temperature generator 21, and a higher concentration of the concentrated solution in the high-temperature generator 21 compared to the concentrated solution in the auxiliary generator 23. The solution concentrations in each generator, from highest to lowest, are as follows: high-temperature generator 21, low-temperature generator 22, and auxiliary generator 23. The solution concentration in the auxiliary absorber 33 is lower than that in the low-pressure absorber 31. The steam outlet of the auxiliary generator 23 is connected to the steam inlet of the condenser 4, allowing the steam evaporated from the auxiliary generator 23 to enter the condenser 4 for condensation. The steam outlet of the low-temperature generator 22 in the absorption chiller unit is connected to the steam inlet of the auxiliary absorber 33, meaning that the low-temperature generator 22 can provide steam to the auxiliary absorber 33.

[0032] In this embodiment, compared to conventional absorption heat exchangers, two independent solution circulation loops are set up: a main solution circulation loop and an auxiliary solution circulation loop. The main solution circulation loop includes a high-temperature generator 21 and a low-temperature generator 22; the auxiliary solution circulation loop consists of an auxiliary absorber 33 and an auxiliary generator 23. The low-temperature generator 22 has a higher solution temperature and concentration, making it difficult to directly drive with the secondary steam generated by the high-temperature generator 21. Therefore, the auxiliary absorber 33 is set up to help it generate refrigerant vapor. Simultaneously, because the auxiliary generator 23 has a lower solution temperature and concentration, the same secondary steam, after entering the auxiliary generator, can directly generate refrigerant vapor and enter the condenser for condensation. Thus, the absorption heat exchanger in this application can utilize intermediate-grade heat sources. For example, the unit can use saturated steam at around 140°C as the driving heat source for the high-temperature generator 21, enabling the recovery of waste heat from heat sources with a wider temperature range. The unit has more operating conditions and a wider application range, and the unit's energy utilization efficiency can be around 1.06, with relatively high recovery efficiency.

[0033] The so-called intermediate-grade heat source refers to a heat source that is insufficient to drive a dual-effect engine but excessive to drive a single-effect engine.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, the absorption chiller unit further includes a high-pressure evaporator 12 and a low-pressure evaporator 11. The steam outlet of the high-pressure evaporator 12 is connected to the inner cavity of the high-pressure absorber 32, and the steam outlet of the low-pressure evaporator 11 is connected to the inner cavity of the low-pressure absorber 31. During operation, the evaporation pressure of the high-pressure evaporator 12 is higher than that of the low-pressure evaporator 11. This utilizes the solution concentration difference to create two evaporation temperatures, achieving two-stage cooling of the cold water, reducing the heat exchange stage difference, and further improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the outlet of the cold water line of the high-pressure evaporator 12 and the inlet of the cold water line of the low-pressure evaporator 11 are connected in series. External cold water can first enter the cold water line in the high-pressure evaporator 12, then enter the cold water line in the low-pressure evaporator 11, and finally flow to the outside. This connection method can make full use of the heat of the cold water.

[0036] In this embodiment, the solution outlet of the high-pressure absorber 32 is connected to the solution inlet of the low-temperature generator 22. One stream of solution from the low-temperature generator 22 passes through the high-temperature generator 21 and mixes with another stream of solution flowing out of the low-temperature generator 22 before entering the low-pressure absorber 31. The solution outlet of the low-pressure absorber 31 is connected to the solution inlet of the high-pressure absorber 32. Compared to the series connection of components in the main solution circulation loop, this embodiment uses a reverse series-parallel circulation, resulting in better heat exchange quality matching between the low-temperature generator 22 and the high-temperature generator 21, higher heat exchange efficiency, and stronger resistance to solution crystallization.

[0037] Of course, a solution pump can also be installed in the unit to provide the power for the solution flow, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the unit is equipped with a first solution pump 61, a second solution pump 62, a third solution pump 63, a low-pressure solution spray pump 71, and a high-pressure solution spray pump 72.

[0038] To improve heat exchange efficiency, the unit also includes a high-temperature solution heat exchanger 51 and a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 52. The high-temperature solution heat exchanger 51 is used for heat exchange between the solution flowing out of the high-temperature generator 21 and the solution flowing from the solution outlet of the low-temperature generator 22 to the solution inlet of the high-temperature generator 21. The low-temperature solution heat exchanger 52 is used for heat exchange between the solution flowing out of the high-pressure absorber 32 and the solution flowing from the solution outlet of the low-temperature generator 22 to the solution outlet of the low-pressure absorber 31.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 Understandably, when the unit is operating, the solution flow path in the main solution circulation loop is as follows: The dilute solution flowing out of the high-pressure absorber 32 is pumped by the first solution pump 61 through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 52 and then to the low-temperature generator 22. After being heated by secondary steam to generate refrigerant vapor, the concentration and temperature of the solution increase. The intermediate-concentration solution from the low-temperature generator 22 flows through the second solution pump 62 through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 51 and then to the high-temperature generator 21. After being further heated by driving steam to generate refrigerant vapor, it becomes a concentrated solution. The concentrated solution from the high-temperature generator 21... After passing through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 51, the solution mixes with another intermediate concentration solution from the low-temperature generator 22 and then flows through the low-pressure solution spray pump 71 to the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 52 before being transported to the low-pressure absorber 31. The mixed concentrated solution absorbs refrigerant vapor from the low-pressure evaporator 11 in the low-pressure absorber 31 and becomes an intermediate concentration dilute solution. The intermediate concentration dilute solution is then transported through the high-pressure solution spray pump 72 to the high-pressure absorber 32, where it absorbs refrigerant vapor from the high-pressure evaporator 12 and becomes a dilute solution. The heat from the high-pressure absorber 32 and the low-pressure absorber 31 is carried away by the cooling water.

[0040] Same reference Figure 1 The flow path of the solution-assisted circulation loop is as follows: the dilute solution from the auxiliary absorber 33 flows through the intermediate-temperature solution heat exchanger 53 via the third solution pump and then enters the auxiliary generator 23, where it is heated by secondary steam to generate refrigerant vapor, which is then condensed by the condenser 4; the concentrated solution from the auxiliary generator 23 passes through the intermediate-temperature solution heat exchanger 53 and is then transported to the auxiliary absorber 33, where it absorbs the refrigerant vapor generated from the low-temperature generator 22 and becomes a dilute solution, and the heat absorbed and released is carried away by the cooling water.

[0041] In the above embodiments, the refrigerant outlet of the condenser 4 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure evaporator 12 or the low-pressure evaporator 11. The refrigerant flowing out of the high-pressure evaporator 12 and the refrigerant flowing out of the low-pressure evaporator 11 are collected and then divided into two streams that enter the interior of the high-pressure evaporator 12 and the low-pressure evaporator 11 respectively. A refrigerant pump 8 can also be installed on the refrigerant circulation loop to provide circulation power.

[0042] The refrigerant evaporates under different evaporation pressures in the high-pressure evaporator and the low-pressure evaporator. When the cold water first enters the high-pressure evaporator 12, it cools down at a slightly higher evaporation temperature, and then enters the low-pressure evaporator 11, it cools down at a slightly lower evaporation temperature. This reduces the heat exchange temperature difference and heat exchange loss, and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0043] Of course, the refrigerant outlet of condenser 4 is simultaneously connected to the refrigerant inlet of high-pressure evaporator 12 and the refrigerant inlet of low-pressure evaporator 11.

[0044] In the above embodiments, the cooling water pipelines of the high-pressure absorber 32, the low-pressure absorber 31, the auxiliary absorber 33, and the condenser 4 are connected in series, in parallel, or in a series-parallel connection.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, the cooling water inlet of the high-pressure absorber 32 and the cooling water inlet of the low-pressure absorber 31 are simultaneously connected to the main cooling water inlet pipeline, the cooling water outlet of the high-pressure absorber 32 and the cooling water outlet of the low-pressure absorber 31 are both connected to the cooling water inlet of the auxiliary absorber 33, and the cooling water outlet of the auxiliary absorber 33 is connected to the cooling water inlet of the condenser 4.

[0046] The above process is repeated continuously, which can continuously utilize the heat of the driving steam to produce cold water at the temperature required by the customer.

[0047] Of course, in this utility model, the evaporator is fed with heat source water, and the absorber and condenser are fed with hot water, so the unit can be used as a heat pump.

[0048] In the description of embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An absorption chiller unit, characterized in that, The system includes a high-pressure absorber, a low-temperature generator (22), a high-temperature generator (21), a low-pressure absorber, an auxiliary absorber, an auxiliary generator (23), and a condenser (4). The high-pressure absorber, the low-temperature generator (22), the high-temperature generator (21), and the low-pressure absorber can form a main solution circulation loop. The auxiliary absorber and the auxiliary generator (23) can form an auxiliary solution circulation loop. The solution concentration in the auxiliary generator (23) is lower than that in the low-temperature generator (22). The steam outlet of the high-temperature generator (21) is connected to the drive pipe inlet of the auxiliary generator (23) and the low-temperature generator (22). The steam outlet of the auxiliary generator (23) is connected to the steam inlet of the condenser (4). The steam outlet of the low-temperature generator (22) is connected to the steam inlet of the auxiliary absorber.

2. The absorption chiller unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorption unit also includes a high-pressure evaporator (12) and a low-pressure evaporator (11). The steam outlet of the high-pressure evaporator (12) is connected to the inner cavity of the high-pressure absorber, and the steam outlet of the low-pressure evaporator (11) is connected to the inner cavity of the low-pressure absorber. During operation, the evaporation pressure of the high-pressure evaporator (12) is higher than that of the low-pressure evaporator (11).

3. The absorption chiller unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outlet of the cold water pipe of the high-pressure evaporator (12) and the inlet of the cold water pipe of the low-pressure evaporator (11) are connected in series.

4. The absorption chiller unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The solution outlet of the high-pressure absorber is connected to the solution inlet of the low-temperature generator (22). The solution in the low-temperature generator (22) passes through the high-temperature generator (21) and mixes with another solution flowing out of the low-temperature generator (22) before entering the low-pressure absorber. The solution outlet of the low-pressure absorber is connected to the solution inlet of the high-pressure absorber.

5. The absorption chiller unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a high-temperature solution heat exchanger (51) for exchanging heat between the solution flowing out of the high-temperature generator (21) and the solution flowing from the solution outlet of the low-temperature generator (22) to the solution inlet of the high-temperature generator (21); Or / and, It also includes a low-temperature solution heat exchanger (52) for exchanging heat between the solution flowing out of the high-pressure absorber and the solution flowing from the solution outlet of the low-temperature generator (22) to the solution outlet of the low-pressure absorber.

6. The absorption chiller unit according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that, The drive line of the auxiliary generator (23) and the drive line of the low temperature generator (22) are connected in parallel between the steam outlet of the high temperature generator (21) and the steam inlet of the condenser (4).

7. The absorption chiller unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The refrigerant outlet of the condenser (4) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure evaporator (12) or the low-pressure evaporator (11). The refrigerant flowing out of the high-pressure evaporator (12) and the refrigerant flowing out of the low-pressure evaporator (11) are combined and then divided into two streams that enter the interior of the high-pressure evaporator (12) and the low-pressure evaporator (11) respectively.

8. The absorption chiller unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The refrigerant outlet of the condenser (4) is simultaneously connected to the refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure evaporator (12) and the refrigerant inlet of the low-pressure evaporator (11).

9. The absorption chiller unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The cooling water pipelines of the high-pressure absorber, the low-pressure absorber, the auxiliary absorber and the condenser (4) are connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel connection.

10. The absorption chiller unit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cooling water inlet of the high-pressure absorber and the cooling water inlet of the low-pressure absorber are simultaneously connected to the main cooling water inlet pipeline. The cooling water outlet of the high-pressure absorber and the cooling water outlet of the low-pressure absorber are both connected to the cooling water inlet of the auxiliary absorber. The cooling water outlet of the auxiliary absorber is connected to the cooling water inlet of the condenser (4).

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