A refined sorting and drying device for combustibles in the pretreatment of municipal solid waste

Abstract

This utility model discloses a fine sorting and drying device for combustibles in the pretreatment of municipal solid waste, including a sealed shell and an inclined drum screen installed inside the shell. A horizontal air duct and a feed pipe are provided at the feed end of the drum screen, and an upper air duct is provided below the drum screen. A discharge pipe and an open trough are sequentially arranged on the shell below the discharge end of the drum screen. A bouncing separator is installed at the lower end of the discharge pipe. The interior of the open trough is divided into a separation trough and a drying trough by a partition. A perforated plate is horizontally arranged in the separation trough. An agitator is installed in the separation trough above the perforated plate, and a discharge pipe is inclinedly arranged on the perforated plate. A lower vibrating screen is inclinedly arranged in the drying trough below the discharge pipe, and an upper vibrating screen is inclinedly arranged above the lower vibrating screen. Discharge pipes are respectively provided at the lower ends of the upper and lower vibrating screens. An air inlet pipe is provided on the drying trough below the lower vibrating screen. In summary, this utility model has the advantages of improving the purity of combustibles, good drying effect, and the ability to sort a variety of types.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sorting and drying technology of combustibles in municipal solid waste, specifically to a fine sorting and drying device for combustibles in the pretreatment of municipal solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] Raw mixed household waste is complex in composition, high in moisture, and has unstable calorific value. Pretreatment can remove non-combustible materials such as metals, glass, and silt, significantly improving the calorific value and stability of combustibles. Pretreatment of combustibles from household waste refers to separating components with higher calorific value from mixed household waste through a series of physical and mechanical methods, producing a standardized product called waste-derived fuel or solid recycled fuel. The combustibles separated from household waste mainly include plastic products, paper, textiles, wood, rubber, and dried kitchen waste.

[0003] It is evident that the combustibles initially separated from mixed waste are still mixtures of plastics, paper, textiles, wood, etc., and their value for direct incineration or fuel production remains low. Therefore, it is necessary to further refine and dry the combustibles obtained from pre-treated municipal solid waste. However, the following problems exist in the specific implementation process: First, the combustibles still contain small amounts of impurities such as sand, stones, and metals, affecting the purity of the combustibles and the effectiveness of further sorting, thus limiting the high-value utilization of the combustibles; second, the moisture content of the combustibles is often high, resulting in poor drying effects; and third, the types of waste to be sorted are limited, and the degree of refined sorting is not high. Therefore, it is objectively necessary to develop a refined sorting and drying device for combustibles from pre-treated municipal solid waste that can improve the purity of combustibles, achieve good drying effects, and sort a wide variety of types. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a fine sorting and drying device for combustibles in the pretreatment of municipal solid waste that can improve the purity of combustibles, have a good drying effect, and can sort a variety of types.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: It includes a sealed housing and an inclined drum screen installed within the housing. The drum screen has a horizontal air duct and a feed pipe at its feed end, an upper air duct below the drum screen, and a slag storage box on the housing below the upper air duct. A discharge pipe and an open trough are sequentially installed on the housing below the discharge end of the drum screen. A bouncing separator is installed at the lower end of the discharge pipe, and an exhaust port is installed on the bouncing separator. The interior of the open trough is divided into a separation trough and a drying trough by a partition. A perforated plate is horizontally installed in the separation trough, and an agitator is installed in the separation trough above the perforated plate. A slurry discharge port is installed at the bottom of the separation trough, and a discharge pipe is inclinedly installed on the perforated plate. The lower end of the discharge pipe is connected to the drying trough. A lower vibrating screen is inclinedly installed in the drying trough below the discharge pipe, and an upper vibrating screen is inclinedly installed above the lower vibrating screen. Discharge pipes are respectively installed at the lower ends of the upper and lower vibrating screens. An air inlet pipe is installed on the drying trough below the lower vibrating screen, and a water supply pipe leading to the separation trough is installed on the housing.

[0006] Furthermore, an upper air plate is installed in the drying trough between the upper and lower vibrating screens. The upper air plate has several through holes, and a vertical pipe is installed at each through hole. A conical cap is installed above the vertical pipe via a connecting rod.

[0007] Furthermore, a scraper is provided at the lower end of the agitator shaft, and the scraper contacts the upper surface of the orifice plate.

[0008] Furthermore, several inclined plates are arranged alternately at intervals inside the feed tube.

[0009] Furthermore, a baffle is inclinedly installed on the shell above the partition, with the lower end of the baffle located above the middle of the separation tank.

[0010] Furthermore, a vertical pipe is installed on the shell between the discharge pipe and the open trough. The lower end of the vertical pipe extends into the upper end of the open trough and then bends towards the drying trough.

[0011] Furthermore, an auxiliary air duct is inclinedly installed on the shell below the discharge end of the drum screen.

[0012] This invention is used for the fine sorting and drying of combustibles in the pretreatment of municipal solid waste. During operation, hot air is first introduced into the casing through the cross-vent, top-vent, and inlet pipes. After starting the drum screen, the pretreated combustibles (hereinafter referred to as combustible material) are poured into the drum screen through the feed pipe. The combustible material is buoyed by the hot air blown out of the top-vent and repeatedly tumbled by the drum screen. During this tumbling process, heavier municipal solid waste such as stones and glass detach from the combustible material, fall through the holes in the drum screen, and are stored in the slag storage box. Simultaneously, dust adhering to the combustible material detaches and moves with the airflow. Moisture adhering to the combustible material evaporates under the heating effect of the hot air and mixes into the airflow. The combustible material is finally discharged from the discharge end of the drum screen. During the discharge process, it is subjected to the action of cross-venting air, which has an air separation effect, separating wood blocks and hard materials. Combustible materials composed of heavy components such as hard plastics fall into the feed pipe, while combustible materials composed of light components such as foam plastics, film plastics, and paper fall into a separation tank further away. The heavy components fall into a bouncing separator for screening, separating wood blocks and hard plastics. After the light components fall into the separation tank, the paper is broken up into pulp by the agitator. The pulp falls to the bottom of the separation tank after passing through the perforated plate. According to their density, foam plastics float on the water surface, while film plastics sink. Then, the foam plastics flip over the partition and fall into the drying tank, where they are dried on the upper vibrating screen. The film plastics can fall from the discharge pipe to the lower vibrating screen for drying, thus completing the separation of paper, foam plastics, and film plastics. Through the above process, the combustible materials are finely sorted and dried, separating them into wood blocks, hard plastics, foam plastics, film plastics, and paper, while removing impurities such as stones and glass mixed in. This invention, through the combined use of a drum screen and hot air, removes impurities such as stones, glass, and dust adhering to combustible materials, improving their purity while also providing preliminary drying. Secondly, heavy combustible components such as wood blocks and hard plastics are initially dried in the drum screen before falling into a bouncing separator for further drying during separation. Upon discharge, these heavy components have undergone effective drying. Simultaneously, foamed plastics and film plastics, separated in the separation tank, are screened and dried in the drying tank, further removing fine impurities while the hot air effectively dries them, resulting in a superior drying effect that facilitates subsequent processing and recycling. Furthermore, this invention sequentially separates combustible materials into wood blocks, hard plastics, foamed plastics, film plastics, and paper, offering a wide variety of sorting options and achieving deep, refined sorting of combustible materials, thus increasing the recycling and utilization value of various types of waste. In summary, this invention offers advantages such as improved combustible purity, excellent drying effect, and a wide range of sorting options. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of node A in the middle; In the diagram: 1-Shell, 2-Drum screen, 3-Feed pipe, 4-Upper air duct, 5-Slag storage box, 6-Discharge pipe, 7-Open trough, 8-Bouncing separator, 9-Separation tank, 10-Drying tank, 11-Agitator, 12-Discharge pipe, 13-Lower vibrating screen, 14-Upper vibrating screen, 15-Air inlet pipe, 16-Upper air plate, 17-Vertical pipe, 18-Conical cap, 19-Scraper, 20-Inclined plate, 21-Baffle, 22-Vertical pipe, 23-Auxiliary air duct, 24-Crusher. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this description is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0015] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this utility model includes a sealed housing 1 and a rotary screen 2 inclinedly arranged inside the housing 1. The rotary screen 2 is an existing device installed inside the housing 1. The feed end of the rotary screen 2 is provided with a horizontal air pipe and a feed pipe 3. An upper air pipe 4 is provided below the rotary screen 2. A slag storage box 5 is provided on the housing 1 below the upper air pipe 4. A discharge pipe 6 and an open trough 7 are sequentially arranged on the housing 1 below the discharge end of the rotary screen 2. A bouncing separator 8 is provided at the lower end of the discharge pipe 6. The bouncing separator 8 is provided with an exhaust port. The interior of the open trough 7 is divided into a separation tank 9 and a drying tank 10 by a partition. A perforated plate is arranged horizontally in the separation tank 9. A stirring device is provided in the separation tank above the perforated plate. The agitator 11 is an existing device used to agitate the water in the separation tank 9. The bottom of the separation tank 9 is provided with a slurry discharge port, and a discharge pipe 12 is inclinedly provided on the perforated plate. The lower end of the discharge pipe 12 is connected to the drying tank 10. A lower vibrating screen 13 is inclinedly provided in the drying tank 10 below the discharge pipe 12. An upper vibrating screen 14 is inclinedly provided above the lower vibrating screen 13. The lower ends of the upper vibrating screen 14 and the lower vibrating screen 13 are respectively provided with discharge pipes. An air inlet pipe 15 is provided on the drying tank 10 below the lower vibrating screen 13. In order to improve the uniformity of hot air distribution, an air distributor can be provided at the end of the air inlet pipe 15. A water supply pipe leading to the separation tank 9 is provided on the shell 1.

[0016] This utility model is used for the fine sorting and drying of combustibles in the pretreatment of municipal solid waste. During operation, hot air is first introduced into the shell 1 through the horizontal air duct, the upper air duct 4, and the air inlet pipe 15. After starting the drum screen 2, the pretreated combustibles of municipal solid waste are poured into the drum screen 2 through the feed pipe 3. Hereinafter, the pretreated combustibles of municipal solid waste are referred to as combustible materials. The combustible materials are subjected to the buoyancy of the hot air blown out of the upper air duct 4, the lateral movement of the hot air blown out of the horizontal air duct, and the repeated tumbling and tossing by the drum screen 2. During the tumbling and tossing process, impurities are mixed in... Heavier stones, glass, and other household waste detach from the combustible materials, pass through the holes in the drum screen 2, and fall into the slag storage box 5. Simultaneously, dust adhering to the combustible materials detaches and moves with the airflow, while moisture adhering to the materials evaporates under the heating effect of hot air and mixes into the airflow. The combustible materials are finally discharged from the outlet end of the drum screen 2. During the discharge process, the cross-flow from the cross-ventilation pipe has an air separation effect. Heavy combustible materials such as wood blocks and hard plastics fall into the discharge pipe 6, while foam plastics... Lighter combustible components such as film plastics and paper fall into the more distant separation tank 9, while heavier combustible components fall into the bouncing separator 8 for screening, separating wood blocks from hard plastics. During the separation process, wood blocks have poor elasticity, while film plastics have good elasticity; the difference in elasticity between the two is used to achieve separation. After the lighter components fall into the separation tank 9, under the action of the agitator 11, the paper is broken down into pulp. The pulp passes through the perforated plate and falls to the bottom of the separation tank 9. According to the difference in density, foam plastics float on the surface, while film plastics sink. The foam plastic then flips over the partition and falls into the drying tank 10, where it is dried on the upper vibrating screen 14. Meanwhile, the film plastic falls from the discharge pipe 12 onto the lower vibrating screen 13 for drying. This process separates the paper, foam plastic, and film plastic. Through this process, the combustible materials are finely sorted and dried, separating them into wood blocks, rigid plastics, foam plastics, film plastics, and paper. Impurities such as stones and glass mixed in are removed, improving the purity of the various combustible materials after sorting and increasing their utilization rate and value.

[0017] In this invention, paper, foam plastic, and film plastic are separated in the separation tank 9. The paper is pulverized to form pulp. After running for a period of time, the foam plastic floating on the water surface is discharged first, then the pulp is discharged from the bottom of the separation tank 9, and finally the film plastic is discharged from the discharge pipe 12. After being completely discharged, the subsequent combustible material separation is carried out. A solenoid valve is installed on the discharge pipe 12. During normal operation, the solenoid valve is closed, and it is opened when it is necessary to discharge the film plastic. In actual use, in order to facilitate the discharge of the film plastic, the orifice plate can be set as a cone with a larger upper port and a smaller lower port, and the discharge pipe 12 can be connected to the lower port of the cone. In actual use, a very small amount of pulp fibers may adhere to the foam plastic and film plastic. If necessary, the pulp can be discharged first, then clean water can be introduced for washing, and then the foam plastic, washing water, and film plastic can be discharged in sequence.

[0018] This invention, through the combined use of a drum screen 2 and hot air, can remove impurities such as stones, glass, and dust adhering to combustible materials, improving the purity of the combustible materials while also performing preliminary drying. Secondly, heavy combustible materials such as wood blocks and hard plastics are first pre-dried in the drum screen 2, then fall into the bouncing separator 8 for separation, and are further dried during the separation process. Upon discharge, the heavy combustible materials have undergone good drying treatment. Simultaneously, after separating foam plastics and film plastics in the separation tank 9, they are screened and dried in the drying tank 10, further removing fine impurities while using hot air for good drying of the foam plastics and film plastics, resulting in a good drying effect that facilitates subsequent processing and recycling. Furthermore, this invention sequentially separates combustible materials into wood blocks, hard plastics, foam plastics, film plastics, and paper, resulting in a wide variety of sorting types and achieving deep and refined sorting of combustible materials, thus improving the subsequent recycling and utilization value of various types of waste.

[0019] An upper air plate 16 is installed in the drying tank 10 between the upper vibrating screen 14 and the lower vibrating screen 13. The upper air plate 16 has several through holes, and a vertical pipe 17 is installed at each through hole. A cone cap 18 is installed above the vertical pipe 17 via a connecting rod. Foam plastic and some water fall onto the upper vibrating screen 14 of the drying tank 10, separating the water from the foam plastic. This separated water will pass through the upper vibrating screen 14 and fall down. Below the upper vibrating screen 14 is the lower vibrating screen 13, and the film plastic is located on the lower vibrating screen 13. The water falling from the upper vibrating screen 14 will drip onto the lower vibrating screen 13, affecting the drying effect of the film plastic on the lower vibrating screen 13. To avoid this problem, the upper air plate 16 is installed. The falling water is blocked by the cone cap 18 and will not continue to fall, thus not affecting the drying effect of the film plastic. Meanwhile, the hot air entering the drying tank 10 from the air inlet pipe 15 rises continuously and can rise through the through holes and the vertical pipe 17, ensuring the drying effect of the foam plastic on the upper vibrating screen 14.

[0020] A scraper 19 is provided at the lower end of the shaft of the agitator 11. The scraper 19 contacts the upper surface of the perforated plate. When the present invention is running, the film plastic sinks to the perforated plate and is then discharged from the discharge pipe 12. However, the discharge pipe 12 often cannot discharge all the film plastic, which affects the use effect of the device. After the scraper 19 is provided, the scraper 19 can rotate synchronously with the agitator 11 and push the deposited film plastic to move during the rotation. When the film plastic moves to the upper port of the discharge pipe 12, it falls into the discharge pipe 12 and is discharged, which has a better discharge effect. At the same time, it avoids the film plastic from accumulating on the perforated plate and thus blocking the perforated plate, ensuring that the pulp can pass through the perforated plate smoothly.

[0021] Several inclined plates 20 are staggered and arranged vertically inside the discharge pipe 6. Heavy combustible materials such as wood blocks and hard plastics falling from the discharge end of the drum screen 2 fall into the discharge pipe 6. After the installation of several inclined plates 20, the heavy combustible materials are blocked and guided by the inclined plates 20 in turn, reducing their falling speed. Hot air enters the bouncing separator 8 and then enters the discharge pipe 6, making reverse contact with the falling heavy combustible materials to heat and dry them, thereby improving the drying effect of the heavy combustible materials.

[0022] A baffle 21 is inclinedly installed on the shell 1 above the partition. The lower end of the baffle 21 is located above the middle of the separation tank 9. When this utility model is in use, because some light components are relatively light, they will drift a long distance under the blowing of the wind, or even fall into the drying tank 10, affecting the sorting effect of each light component combustible material. To avoid this problem, the baffle 21 is set up. The baffle 21 can block the light component combustible material floating in the air and guide it into the separation tank 9 for separation, ensuring the sorting effect of the light component combustible material.

[0023] A vertical pipe 22 is installed on the shell 1 between the feed pipe 6 and the open trough 7. The lower end of the vertical pipe 22 extends into the upper end of the open trough 7 and then bends towards the drying tank 10. Light components such as paper, foam plastic, and film plastic fall into the separation tank 9, which is filled with water. The paper is broken up by the agitator 11 to form pulp, while the foam plastic floats and the film plastic sinks. The floating foam plastic flips over the baffle and enters the drying tank 10. To facilitate the entry of foam plastic into the drying tank 10, the height of the upper part of the baffle can be lowered to prevent foam plastic and water from overflowing from the upper end of the separation tank 9. In actual use, it was found that the foam plastic cannot be completely separated. When the pulp enters the drying tank 10, some foam plastic will always float in the water. After the pulp is discharged, this foam plastic that cannot be completely discharged will fall onto the perforated plate and mix with the sinking film plastic, affecting the separation effect of foam plastic and film plastic. To prevent this problem, a vertical pipe 22 is set up. During operation, gas is introduced into the vertical pipe 22 and sprayed out from the lower end of the vertical pipe 22. The airflow blows towards the drying tank 10. In this process, the foam plastic is blown, causing the foam plastic to float towards the drying tank 10, thereby quickly, efficiently and thoroughly blowing the foam plastic floating on the water surface into the drying tank 10.

[0024] An auxiliary air duct 23 is inclinedly installed on the shell 1 below the discharge end of the drum screen 2. When the present invention is in operation, combustible materials are discharged from the discharge end of the drum screen 2. Under the blowing of crosswind, heavy components such as wood blocks and hard plastics fall into the feed pipe 6, while light components such as paper, foam plastics and film plastics fall into the separation tank 9 at a more distant location. However, in actual use, it was found that some light components of combustible materials still fall into the feed pipe 6, affecting the sorting effect of combustible materials. To avoid this situation, the auxiliary air duct 23 is set up. During operation, hot air is blown out from the auxiliary air duct 23. The hot air is blown obliquely towards the discharge end of the drum screen 2, blowing out the light components of combustible materials mixed in with the heavy components, improving the purity of combustible material sorting and improving the use value of various combustible materials after sorting. In addition, the hot air blown from the auxiliary air duct 23 to the combustible materials can also perform a drying operation on the combustible materials.

[0025] To improve the sorting effect, a crusher 24 can be installed before the fine sorting of combustibles in the pretreatment of municipal solid waste to further crush the combustible materials, homogenize them, and improve the efficiency of subsequent fine sorting.

Claims

1. A fine sorting and drying device for combustibles in the pretreatment of municipal solid waste, comprising a sealed shell (1) and a drum screen (2) inclinedly disposed within the shell (1), characterized in that: The feed end of the drum screen (2) is provided with a horizontal air pipe and a feed pipe (3). The bottom of the drum screen (2) is provided with an upper air pipe (4). A slag storage box (5) is provided on the shell (1) below the upper air pipe (4). The discharge end of the drum screen (2) is provided with a discharge pipe (6) and an open trough (7) in sequence on the shell (1). A bouncing separator (8) is provided at the lower end of the discharge pipe (6). An exhaust port is provided on the bouncing separator (8). The interior of the open trough (7) is divided into a separation tank (9) and a drying tank (10) by a partition. A perforated plate is provided horizontally in the separation tank (9). A drying tank is provided in the separation tank above the perforated plate. The bottom of the agitator (11) and the separation tank (9) is provided with a slurry discharge port. The discharge pipe (12) is inclinedly provided on the perforated plate. The lower end of the discharge pipe (12) is connected to the drying tank (10). The lower vibrating screen (13) is inclinedly provided in the drying tank (10) below the discharge pipe (12). The upper vibrating screen (14) is inclinedly provided above the lower vibrating screen (13). The lower ends of the upper vibrating screen (14) and the lower vibrating screen (13) are respectively provided with discharge pipes. The drying tank (10) below the lower vibrating screen (13) is provided with an air inlet pipe (15). The housing (1) is provided with a water supply pipe leading to the separation tank (9).

2. The pretreatment device for refined sorting and drying of combustibles in municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper air plate (16) is provided in the drying trough (10) between the upper vibrating screen (14) and the lower vibrating screen (13). The upper air plate (16) has several through holes, and a vertical pipe (17) is provided at the through holes. A cone cap (18) is provided above the vertical pipe (17) through a connecting rod.

3. The pretreatment device for refined sorting and drying of combustibles in municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the shaft of the agitator (11) is provided with a scraper (19), which contacts the upper surface of the orifice plate.

4. The refined sorting and drying device for combustibles in the pretreatment of municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material discharge pipe (6) has several inclined plates (20) arranged alternately at intervals.

5. The pretreatment device for refined sorting and drying of combustibles in municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle (21) is inclinedly arranged on the shell (1) above the partition, and the lower end of the baffle (21) is located above the middle of the separation groove (9).

6. The refined sorting and drying device for combustibles in the pretreatment of municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical pipe (22) is provided on the shell (1) between the material discharge pipe (6) and the open trough (7). The lower end of the vertical pipe (22) extends into the upper end of the open trough (7) and then bends towards the drying trough (10).

7. The pretreatment device for refined sorting and drying of combustibles in municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary air duct (23) is inclinedly installed on the shell (1) below the discharge end of the drum screen (2).

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