Conical baffle heat exchanger

Abstract

This utility model relates to a novel conical baffle heat exchanger, belonging to the technical field of heat exchanger technology. Specifically, it includes a shell with a shell-side medium inlet at one end and a shell-side medium outlet at the other end. Multiple sets of conical baffles are sequentially arranged inside the shell, positioned between the shell-side medium inlet and outlet. The conical baffles include type A and / or type B. The type A conical baffle is a funnel-shaped baffle, conical in shape, with a large opening at one end and a small opening at the other. The type B conical baffle is a conical funnel-shaped baffle with conical baffle holes, the small opening of which is closed, and the large opening of which is open. This utility model effectively improves the flow regime and velocity of the medium, increases the disturbance of the shell-side medium, enhances the turbulence of the medium, and strengthens the convective heat transfer of the medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a novel conical baffle heat exchanger, belonging to the field of heat exchanger technology. Background Technology

[0002] Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are widely used in petroleum and chemical production due to their simple structure, wide applicable pressure range, high reliability, and mature technology. Baffles are a key component of heat exchangers, playing a crucial role in improving heat transfer efficiency, enhancing structural stability, and optimizing fluid distribution, thus providing strong support for stable operation and performance enhancement. Therefore, from the perspective of high efficiency and energy saving, further optimizing the baffle structure to improve the overall heat transfer performance of heat exchangers is of great significance for promoting the optimization of heat exchanger performance and its efficient application in related industries.

[0003] For traditional bow-shaped baffle shell-and-tube heat exchangers, the fluid flows across the tube bundle under the action of the baffles, resulting in large flow resistance. Moreover, the flow direction of the fluid changes by about 180 degrees every time it passes through a baffle, causing unnecessary power consumption. Furthermore, many dead zones are formed during the flow process, and the fluid in these dead zones is almost stagnant. Therefore, the heat transfer area is not fully utilized, and the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange process is not high.

[0004] To overcome the heat transfer shortcomings of traditional bow-shaped baffle shell-and-tube heat exchangers, the industry has successively developed many heat exchanger types with optimized baffle structures, the most typical of which is the baffle rod heat exchanger. In a baffle rod heat exchanger, the fluid flows parallel to the tubes, resulting in lower flow resistance. Furthermore, the fluid flow direction remains unchanged throughout the tube bundle, leading to a smoother flow path, lower shell-side fluid resistance loss, and virtually no dead zones during heat transfer, thus fully utilizing the heat transfer area. However, baffle rod heat exchangers also have the following drawbacks: 1. The baffle rods cause the fluid to sweep across the tube bundle, which enhances heat transfer but also induces vibration in the fluid. This induced vibration can cause stress fatigue, and prolonged continuous vibration can lead to the rupture of the heat exchange tubes. 2. Flow leakage exists, which reduces the actual heat transfer effect; 3. As the fluid repeatedly sweeps across the tube bundle laterally and constantly changes its flow direction, the flow resistance on the shell side increases. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a novel conical baffle heat exchanger, including a shell, a shell-side medium inlet at one end of the shell, a shell-side medium outlet at the other end of the shell, and a plurality of conical baffles arranged sequentially inside the shell, the conical baffles being located between the shell-side medium inlet and the shell-side medium outlet. The housing is equipped with a positioning rod, which passes through the conical baffle plate and is fixed in place by a fastening nut at its end. Conical baffles include type A conical baffles and / or type B conical baffles; The Type A conical baffle is designed as a funnel-shaped baffle, which is conical with a large opening at one end and a small opening at the other end. The Type B conical baffle is designed as a conical baffle with conical baffle holes. The small end of the conical baffle is closed, and the large end is open.

[0006] Preferably, type A conical baffles and type B conical baffles are arranged sequentially at intervals, with type A conical baffles at both ends, and the large opening ends of the type A conical baffles at both ends are facing outwards; the opening of the type A conical baffle in the middle faces the shell-side medium outlet end.

[0007] Furthermore, the taper of the type A conical baffle is the same as that of the type B conical baffle.

[0008] Furthermore, the cone apex angle range for both the Type A and Type B conical baffles is 90°-150°.

[0009] The B-type conical baffle plate is equipped with a sealing plate at its small opening end.

[0010] The diameter of the large opening end of the A-type conical baffle is adapted to the inner diameter of the shell; the diameter of the small opening end of the A-type conical baffle is adapted to the diameter of the tube bundle.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the large opening end of the type B conical baffle is not less than the diameter of the small opening end of the type A conical baffle; and the diameter of the large opening end of the type B conical baffle is not greater than the diameter of the large opening end of the type A conical baffle.

[0012] The shell is provided with a tube sheet A near the shell-side medium inlet. One end of the positioning rod is fixedly connected to the tube sheet A3.1. The positioning rod passes through the conical baffle plate and the end of the positioning rod is positioned and fixed to the conical baffle plate by a fastening nut.

[0013] Furthermore, a first positioning rod and a second positioning rod are provided inside the housing; A first positioning hole is provided on the A-type conical baffle plate, a first positioning rod is set through the first positioning hole, and the end of the first positioning rod is engaged with a first fastening nut to position and fix the A-type conical baffle plate. The sealing plate of the B-type conical baffle has a second positioning hole, through which a second positioning rod passes. The end of the second positioning rod is engaged with a second fastening nut to position and fix the B-type conical baffle.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. By incorporating conical baffles, the flow regime and velocity of the medium are effectively improved, increasing the disturbance of the shell-side medium, enhancing the turbulence, and strengthening the convective heat transfer. During heat transfer, the unique structural shape of the conical baffles effectively prolongs the heat exchange time, improves heat transfer efficiency, reduces flow rate and heat loss, minimizes dead zones and leakage, and improves the stability of the heat transfer process, significantly enhancing the overall heat transfer performance of the equipment.

[0015] 2. It alleviates the problem of fluid-induced vibration caused by the baffle rod, and alleviates the problem of stress fatigue caused by this and heat exchange tube rupture due to long-term continuous vibration; 3. It mitigates the problem of increased flow resistance on the shell side caused by the fluid repeatedly flowing laterally across the tube bundle and constantly changing its flow direction. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the A-type conical baffle structure in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the C-direction structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the B-type conical baffle structure in Embodiment 2 of this utility model; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the E-direction structure; In the diagram: 1. Tube box; 2. Shell; 3. Tube bundle; 4. Head cover; 5. Type A conical baffle plate III; 6. Type B conical baffle plate II; 7. Type A conical baffle plate II; 8. Type B conical baffle plate I; 9. Type A conical baffle plate I; 1.1 Tube-side medium inlet; 1.2 Tube-side medium outlet; 2.1 Shell-side medium inlet A; 2.2 Shell-side medium inlet B; 2.3 Shell-side medium outlet; 3.1 Tube sheet A; 3.2 Heat exchange tube; 3.3 First positioning rod; 3.4 First fastening nut; 3.5 Tube sheet B; 3.6 Second positioning rod; 3.7 Second fastening nut; 5.1 First positioning hole; 6.1 Baffle hole; 6.2 Sealing plate; 6.3 Second positioning hole; Detailed Implementation Example 1 Please refer to Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, the novel conical baffle heat exchanger described in this embodiment of the present invention includes a shell 2. One end of the shell 2 is provided with a shell-side medium inlet. Two shell-side medium inlets can be provided. One can be provided at the upper part of the shell, namely shell-side medium inlet A2.1, and the other can be provided at the lower part of the shell, namely shell-side medium inlet B2.2.

[0017] The other end of the shell is provided with a shell-side medium outlet 2.3. Multiple sets of conical baffles are arranged sequentially inside the shell 2, and the conical baffles are located between the shell-side medium inlet and the shell-side medium outlet 2.3. The housing 2 is equipped with a positioning rod, which passes through the conical baffle plate and is fixed to the conical baffle plate by a fastening nut at its end; Conical baffles include type A conical baffles; The Type A conical baffle is designed as a funnel-shaped baffle, with a large opening at one end and a small opening at the other end.

[0018] Example 2 Please refer to Figure 1 as well as Figures 4-5 As shown, unlike Embodiment 1, the conical baffle includes a Type B conical baffle; The type B conical baffle is designed as a conical baffle with a conical baffle hole 6.1. The small end of the conical baffle is closed, and the large end is open.

[0019] Example 3 Please refer to Figures 1-5 As shown, unlike Embodiment 1, the conical baffle includes a type A conical baffle and a type B conical baffle; Type A and Type B conical baffles are arranged sequentially and alternately, with Type A baffles at both ends, and the large openings of the Type A baffles at both ends facing outwards. The opening of the Type A baffle in the middle faces the shell-side medium outlet at end 2.3. Type A and Type B conical baffles are not arranged adjacent to each other. In other words, the Type A and Type B conical baffles are arranged alternately. The number of Type A and Type B conical baffles can be determined according to the actual specifications and model of the product. Figure 1 As shown, type A conical baffles and type B conical baffles are arranged sequentially at intervals, with three type A conical baffles and two type B conical baffles; the arrangement sequence is: type A conical baffle I9, type B conical baffle I8, type A conical baffle II7, type B conical baffle II6 and type A conical baffle III5.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1-5 As shown, the taper of the type A conical baffle and the type B conical baffle are the same; please refer to... Figure 2 As shown, the apex angle of the type A conical baffle is P2; please refer to... Figure 4As shown, the cone apex angle of the type B conical baffle is P1. The cone apex angle range for both type A and type B conical baffles is 90°-150°. The cone apex angles of both type A and type B conical baffles can be 90°, 100°, 110°, 120°, 130°, 140°, or 150°, or any other cone angle between 90° and 150° can be selected according to actual production conditions.

[0021] The small end of the B-type conical baffle is equipped with a sealing plate 6.2.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 2-3 As shown, the diameter of the large opening end of the type A conical baffle is D3, and the diameter of the small opening end of the type A conical baffle is D4; the diameter of the large opening end of the type A conical baffle, D3, is compatible with the inner diameter of the shell 2; the diameter of the small opening end of the type A conical baffle, D4, is compatible with the pipe diameter of the tube bundle 3.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 4-5 As shown, the diameter of the large opening end of the type B conical baffle is D1; ​​the diameter of the 6.2mm sealing plate of the type B conical baffle is D2. The diameter D1 of the large opening end of the type B conical baffle is not less than the diameter D4 of the small opening end of the type A conical baffle; and the diameter D1 of the large opening end of the type B conical baffle is not greater than the diameter D3 of the large opening end of the type A conical baffle.

[0024] Inside the shell 2, near the shell-side medium inlet, there is a tube sheet A3.1. One end of the positioning rod is fixedly connected to the tube sheet A3.1. After the positioning rod passes through the conical baffle, the end of the rod is positioned and fixed to the conical baffle by a fastening nut.

[0025] The housing 2 is provided with a first positioning rod 3.3 and a second positioning rod 3.6; The A-type conical baffle plate has a first positioning hole 5.1, and a first positioning rod 3.3 is set through the first positioning hole 5.1. The end of the first positioning rod 3.3 is engaged with the first fastening nut 3.4 to position and fix the A-type conical baffle plate. The sealing plate 6.2 of the B-type conical baffle has a second positioning hole 6.3. The second positioning rod 3.6 passes through the second positioning hole 6.3 and is positioned and fixed by the second fastening nut 3.7 at the end of the second positioning rod 3.6.

[0026] Working process or working principle: The tube-side medium enters the tube box 1 from the tube-side medium inlet 1.1, and then flows into the interior of the heat exchange tube 3.2. It flows axially along the space inside the heat exchange tube 3.2, flows to the head cover 4 and then flows back in the reverse direction along the space inside the heat exchange tube 3.2. Finally, it flows out of the tube box from the tube-side medium outlet 1.2. During the process of the medium flowing inside the heat exchange tube, it fully contacts the shell-side medium to exchange heat.

[0027] Simultaneously, the shell-side medium flows into shell 2 from both the upper shell-side medium inlet A2.1 and the lower shell-side medium inlet B2.2. Utilizing the conical structure of the A-type conical baffle plate I9 and its reverse-oriented converging structure, the fluid flows from the larger inlet to the smaller outlet, allowing the shell-side medium to be rapidly drawn in and continuously converge within the heat exchange area enclosed by the smaller outlet of the A-type conical baffle plate I9. This effectively reduces the dead zones and leakage zones in the spaces between shell-side medium inlets A2.1 and B2.2, improving the utilization rate of the inlet shell-side medium. Subsequently, as the shell-side medium flows into the shell at high speed, under the combined force of the shell-side pressure and the jetting force of the A-type conical baffle plate I9, the medium is rapidly ejected from the smaller outlet of the A-type conical baffle plate I9. The high-speed ejected shell-side medium encounters the outer wall of the B-type conical baffle I8. After being blocked by the small-mouth end sealing plate 6.2 of the B-type conical baffle I8, its flow path rapidly changes. It then converges along the outer conical surface of the B-type conical baffle I8 into the heat exchange space between the B-type conical baffle I8 and the A-type conical baffle II7. Within this confined space, the shell-side medium continuously accumulates and forms vortices. These vortices cause the shell-side medium to accelerate, eventually transforming its flow state into turbulence. The turbulent shell-side medium continues its high-speed flow, and under the influence of the structural resistance of the outer conical surface of the A-type conical baffle II7 and the fluid inertia, it rushes into the internal space of the B-type conical baffle I8. Inside, the two fluid streams converge at the central bottom sealing plate. After a brief buffer, the fluid flow direction is instantly reversed and rapidly ejected under the reverse thrust of the sealing plate resistance. The ejected medium enters the heat exchange range at the small end of the A-type conical baffle II7. Due to the radial structure of the A-type conical baffle II7 and the influence of the fluid's inlet-outlet configuration, the fluid undergoes thorough contact and heat exchange with the heat exchange tubes within the conical shell of the A-type conical baffle II7. Immediately afterwards, the shell-side medium converges into the heat exchange space between the B-type conical baffle II6 and the A-type conical baffle III5, beginning the second heat exchange cycle. Throughout the heat exchange process, under the bidirectional action of the inertial force of the conical surfaces of the A-type and B-type conical baffles and the shell-side pressure, the shell-side medium's flow pattern continuously cycles through ejection, meandering, and ejection within the heat exchange space of the A-type and B-type conical baffles. The shell-side medium velocity also continuously changes cyclically, alternating between acceleration, stabilization, and acceleration. This process not only effectively improves the flow regime and velocity of the shell-side medium, increases the disturbance of the shell-side medium, enhances the turbulence of the shell-side medium, and strengthens the convective heat transfer of the shell-side medium; but also, by taking advantage of the unique structural shape of the conical baffle, it effectively extends the heat exchange time of the medium, improves the heat transfer efficiency, reduces the flow loss and heat energy loss of the fluid during the heat transfer process, reduces the heat transfer dead zone and leakage, and greatly improves the overall heat transfer performance of the equipment.

[0028] Finally, after the second heat exchange process is completed, the shell-side medium is ejected from the large conical end of the A-type conical baffle plate Ⅲ5. After encountering the obstruction of the tube sheet B3.5, it continuously flows back and converges in the flow space between the A-type conical baffle plate Ⅲ5 and the tube sheet B3.5, and finally flows out of the shell 2 from the shell-side medium outlet 2.3 at the lower end of the shell 2.

[0029] During this period, the heat exchanger's heat exchange performance changed as follows: 1. The flow path of the shell-side medium becomes longer, which increases the contact heat exchange time between the tube and the shell side, and improves the heat transfer efficiency. 2. The shell-side medium velocity undergoes a continuous cycle of acceleration, stabilization, and acceleration, so the shell-side medium velocity is hardly affected by the flow process. The flow resistance of the shell-side medium is very small, and the heat transfer process is relatively stable. 3. The shell-side medium continuously undergoes a cycle of jetting, meandering, and jetting, maintaining a high-speed turbulent flow. This significantly reduces fluid flow loss and heat loss, eliminates dead zones, and ensures strong convective heat transfer during the heat exchange process, thereby comprehensively improving the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger.

[0030] 4. The structural features of the conical baffle plate and the jetting and meandering flow channels basically eliminate the dead zone and leakage of the medium, thus improving the heat transfer efficiency.

[0031] The descriptions of the orientation and relative positional relationships of the structure in this utility model, such as descriptions of front, back, left, right, up, and down, do not constitute a limitation on this utility model, but are merely for the convenience of description.

Claims

1. A conical segment baffle heat exchanger characterized by, Includes a shell (2), one end of which has a shell-side medium inlet and the other end of which has a shell-side medium outlet (2.3). Multiple sets of conical baffles are arranged sequentially inside the shell (2), and the conical baffles are located between the shell-side medium inlet and the shell-side medium outlet (2.3). The housing (2) is equipped with a positioning rod. The positioning rod passes through the conical baffle plate and the end of the positioning rod is fixed to the conical baffle plate by a fastening nut. Conical baffles include type A conical baffles and / or type B conical baffles; The A-type conical baffle is designed as a funnel-shaped baffle, which is conical with a large opening at one end and a small opening at the other end. The B-type conical baffle is designed as a conical baffle with a conical baffle hole (6.1) on it. The small end of the conical baffle is closed, and the large end is open.

2. The conical segmental baffle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that Type A and Type B conical baffles are arranged sequentially at intervals, with Type A conical baffles at both ends, and the large opening ends of the Type A conical baffles at both ends are set outwards; the opening of the Type A conical baffle in the middle faces the shell-side medium outlet (2.3).

3. The conical segmental baffle heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that The taper of the type A conical baffle is the same as that of the type B conical baffle.

4. The conical segmental baffle heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that The cone apex angle range for both Type A and Type B conical baffles is 90°-150°.

5. The conical segmental baffle heat exchanger according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that The small end of the B-type conical baffle is equipped with a sealing plate (6.2).

6. The cone and plate heat exchanger of claim 5, wherein, The diameter of the large opening end of the A-type conical baffle is matched with the inner diameter of the shell (2); the diameter of the small opening end of the A-type conical baffle is matched with the tube bundle (3) tube diameter.

7. The cone and plate heat exchanger of claim 6, wherein, The diameter of the large opening end of the type B conical baffle is not less than the diameter of the small opening end of the type A conical baffle; and the diameter of the large opening end of the type B conical baffle is not greater than the diameter of the large opening end of the type A conical baffle.

8. The conical segmental baffle heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that Inside the shell (2), a tube sheet A (3.1) is provided at one end near the shell-side medium inlet. One end of the positioning rod is fixedly connected to the tube sheet A (3.1). After the positioning rod passes through the conical baffle, the end of the conical baffle is positioned and fixed by a fastening nut.

9. The conical baffle heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that, The housing (2) is provided with a first positioning rod (3.3) and a second positioning rod (3.6). The A-type conical baffle plate has a first positioning hole (5.1), and a first positioning rod (3.3) is set through the first positioning hole (5.1). The end of the first positioning rod (3.3) is engaged with the first fastening nut (3.4) to position and fix the A-type conical baffle plate. The sealing plate (6.2) of the B-type conical baffle is provided with a second positioning hole (6.3). The second positioning rod (3.6) is set through the second positioning hole (6.3). The end of the second positioning rod (3.6) is engaged with the second fastening nut (3.7) to position and fix the B-type conical baffle.

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