A tunnel rock blast hole sealing cylinder with annular gripping wings

Abstract

This invention provides a tunnel rock blast hole sealing cylinder with annular gripping wings, comprising a cylinder body. One end of the cylinder body has a bottom wall, and the other end is an open structure. A deformable shock absorber is provided inside the cylinder body, and a detonator wire through-hole is provided within the shock absorber body, penetrating the bottom wall of the cylinder body. Several conical sleeves are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder body, distributed along the axial direction of the cylinder body to prevent the cylinder body from exiting the blast hole. The conical sleeves extend circumferentially along the cylinder body. This invention aims to provide a tunnel rock blast hole sealing cylinder with annular gripping wings that provides high filling efficiency and reliable fixation for blast hole openings, solving the problem of low filling efficiency when directly filling the blast hole with stemming material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel rock blasting construction, and in particular to a tunnel rock blast hole sealing cylinder with annular gripping wings. Background Technology

[0002] Mining is the primary method for excavating mountain tunnels. It involves drilling blast holes in the rock face, loading explosives, and blasting the rock to advance the tunnel. The stemming material used to fill the blast holes plays a crucial role. It prevents detonation gases from escaping, improving the energy utilization of the explosives and enhancing rock breaking. It also reduces blast shockwaves and noise, and controls flyrock. The greater the mass of the stemming material and the greater the friction between it and the borehole wall, the greater its effectiveness. On-site, the stemming process involves manually rolling the stemming material (a mixture of yellow clay and sand) into strips, or using a stemming machine to create the strips. These strips are then filled into the blast holes and lightly pressed with a rod (usually a wooden stick). The filling is typically done in multiple sections until the required length is met. This manual process makes standardization difficult, resulting in inconsistent quality control, time-consuming work, low efficiency, and potential damage to detonator wires during the process. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a tunnel rock blast hole sealing cylinder with annular gripping wings that provides high filling efficiency and reliable fixation for the blast hole opening, thereby solving the problem of low filling efficiency when blasting mud is directly filled into the opening.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model employs the following technology: a tunnel rock blast hole sealing cylinder with annular gripping wings, characterized in that it includes a cylinder body, one end of which has a bottom wall and the other end is an open structure. A deformable shock absorber is provided inside the cylinder body, and a detonator wire through-hole is provided within the shock absorber body, penetrating the bottom wall of the cylinder body. Several conical sleeves, distributed axially along the outer circumference of the cylinder body, prevent the cylinder body from retracting from the blast hole. The conical sleeves extend circumferentially along the cylinder body. In use, the detonator wire is inserted through the detonator wire through-hole, and then the cylinder body is inserted into the blast hole. After insertion, the conical rings generate a contracting and expanding elastic force that abuts against the blast hole, preventing retraction. An explosion reduces vibration energy under the action of the shock absorber, and explosives overflow through the blast hole.

[0005] Preferably, the shock absorber is stemming clay or a water bag. Stemming clay has the advantage of good shock absorption. A water bag can both absorb shock and remove dust after rupture.

[0006] As another preferred embodiment, the shock absorber includes a clay bar and a water bag, with the clay bar located between the water bag and the bottom wall of the cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the system also includes a pusher plate located inside the open end of the cylinder. The water bag is positioned between the pusher plate and the drilling mud. The surface of the pusher plate facing the water bag has several needle tips. The surface of the pusher plate has annular grooves surrounding the needle tips, and adjacent annular grooves are connected by a connecting groove. A water spray hole penetrating the outer surface of the pusher plate is provided within the connecting groove. This reliably punctures the water bag and sprays water, thereby improving the reliability of dust removal.

[0008] Preferably, a pressure plate is provided inside the cylinder, and the shock absorber is located between the pressure plate and the bottom wall of the cylinder. The pressure plate is connected to one end of a cable, and the other end of the cable passes through the bottom wall of the cylinder and exits the cylinder. After the present invention is installed in the borehole, the external cable drives the pressure plate to compress the shock absorber, causing the shock absorber to be squeezed onto the detonator wire and fill the through hole of the detonator wire, thereby further reducing the leakage of vibration energy.

[0009] Preferably, a flexible tube is inserted inside the detonator wire through-hole, and the detonator wire is inserted inside the flexible tube during use. This can prevent the detonator wire through-hole from becoming blocked during storage and transportation.

[0010] Preferably, the device also includes a fixing member for securing it to the detonator wire, the fixing member being connected to one end of a connecting cable, the other end of which is provided with a traction weight. In use, the fixing member is secured to the end of the detonator wire, and then the traction weight is first inserted into the detonator wire through-hole and passes through the through-hole under gravity, thus facilitating the passage of the detonator wire through the through-hole.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing member includes a connecting cap for being fitted onto the detonator wire, the connecting cable being connected to the closed end of the connecting cap, and the open end of the connecting cap having a plurality of latches. When pulling the detonator wire, the end of the detonator wire is passed into the connecting cap, and then the latches are pressed to fasten onto the detonator wire, thereby fixing the detonator wire with the upper fixing member.

[0012] Preferably, the latches are distributed circumferentially along the connecting cap.

[0013] Preferably, the latch includes a connecting piece at one end connected to the end face of the connector cap and a pointed tip connected to the other end of the connecting piece, the pointed tip extending radially along the connector cap, with the free end of the pointed tip facing the interior of the connector cap. A specific structure of the latch is provided.

[0014] Preferably, the connector is a metal structure, which offers good strength.

[0015] Beneficial effects: 1. The blasting mud tube is easy to operate and can quickly seal blast holes, greatly improving construction efficiency; 2. The clay tube is made of plastic or rubber, or it can be made of fiber materials such as chemical fiber, bamboo, and wood, which is low in cost; 3. The tapping mud tube has a dual sealing effect formed by the weight of the tapping mud and the friction between the tapping mud tube and the borehole wall, and the sealing effect is reliable.

[0016] 4. The water mist generated by the water bags can help reduce dust and improve air quality in the tunnel.

[0017] 5. The conical sleeve can improve the fixation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Example 1; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of Example 1. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state of Embodiment 1; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of Example 2; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of Example 3; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point A; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point B; Figure 8 This is an axial schematic diagram of the fastener.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Cylinder body; 2. Bottom wall of cylinder body; 3. Shock absorber; 4. Detonator wire through hole; 5. Conical sleeve; 6. Mud; 7. Water bag; 8. Detonator wire; 9. Blasting hole; 10. Pressure plate; 11. Cable; 12. Flexible tube; 13. Connecting cable; 14. Traction weight; 15. Connecting cap; 16. Claw; 17. Connecting piece; 18. Point; 19. Detonator; 20. Push plate; 21. Needle tip; 22. Connecting groove; 23. Water jet hole; 24. Annular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Example 1, see Figures 1 to 3A tunnel rock blast hole sealing cylinder with annular gripping wings includes a cylinder body 1, one end of which has a bottom wall 2, and the other end is an open structure. A deformable shock absorber 3 is installed inside the cylinder. The shock absorber is blasting mud (a water bag can also be used). A detonator wire through-hole 4 is provided inside the shock absorber, penetrating the bottom wall of the cylinder. Several conical sleeves 5, distributed axially along the outer circumference of the cylinder, prevent the cylinder from exiting the blast hole. The conical sleeves extend circumferentially along the cylinder.

[0022] In use, the detonator wire 8 of the detonator 19 is threaded through the detonator wire through hole, and then the cylinder is inserted into the borehole 9. During the insertion process, the conical sleeve contracts to facilitate insertion and increase friction, thereby preventing it from coming out. The explosion reduces vibration energy under the action of the shock absorber and allows explosives to escape through the borehole.

[0023] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that: See Figure 4 The shock absorber includes a clay 6 and a water bag 7, with the clay located between the water bag and the bottom wall of the cylinder.

[0024] Example 3 differs from Example 2 in that: See Figures 5 to 8 The cylinder contains a pressure plate 10. The pressure plate is located between the drilling mud and the water bag, and is connected to one end of a cable 11. The other end of the cable passes through the bottom wall of the cylinder. After being installed in the borehole, the external cable drives the pressure damper, causing it to press against the detonator wire and fill the detonator wire passage, thus further reducing the leakage of vibration energy. A flexible tube 12 passes through the detonator wire passage, and the detonator wire is inserted inside the flexible tube during use. A fixing member is also included for fixing the detonator wire. The fixing member is connected to one end of a connecting cable 13, and the other end of the connecting cable has a traction weight 14. During use, the fixing member is fixed to the end of the detonator wire, and then the traction weight is first inserted into the detonator wire passage and passes through the detonator wire passage under gravity, thus passing the detonator wire through the passage. The fastener includes a connecting cap 15 for fitting onto the detonator wire. A connecting cable is attached to the closed end of the connecting cap, and the open end of the connecting cap has several latches 16. When pulling the detonator wire, the end of the detonator wire is inserted into the connecting cap, and then the latches are pressed to fasten the detonator wire, thereby securing the detonator wire to the fastener. The latches are distributed circumferentially along the connecting cap. Each latch includes a connecting piece 17 connected at one end to the end face of the connecting cap and a pointed tip 18 connected to the other end of the connecting piece. The pointed tip extends radially along the connecting cap, with its free end facing the interior of the connecting cap. The connecting cap is a metal structure.

[0025] It also includes a pusher plate 20 located inside the open end of the cylinder, with a water bag positioned between the pusher plate and the clay. The surface of the pusher plate facing the water bag has several needle tips 21. The surface of the pusher plate has annular grooves 24 surrounding the needle tips, and adjacent annular grooves are connected by a connecting groove 22. A water spray hole 23 penetrating the outer surface of the pusher plate is provided within the connecting groove. In use, the needle tips puncture the water bag, and water is sprayed from the water spray hole to achieve dust removal.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel rock blast hole sealing cylinder with annular gripping wings, characterized in that, The device includes a cylinder, one end of which has a bottom wall and the other end has an open structure. The cylinder contains a deformable shock absorber, and the shock absorber contains a detonator wire through hole that passes through the bottom wall of the cylinder. The outer circumferential surface of the cylinder is provided with several conical sleeves that are distributed along the cylinder axis to prevent the cylinder from exiting the blast hole. The conical sleeves extend along the circumference of the cylinder.

2. A tunnel rock blast hole sealing cylinder with annular gripping wings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shock absorber is either gunning clay or a water bag.

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