A three-dimensional six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural components

Abstract

This utility model discloses a three-dimensional six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural components, including a reaction base, a lifting assembly, an actuator assembly, and a platform. The actuator assembly includes a horizontal actuator and a vertical actuator for applying force to the platform. The lifting assembly includes a vertical lifting assembly and a horizontal lifting assembly for adjusting and supporting the position of the platform. The vertical lifting assembly is disposed within the reaction base and located below the platform. This three-dimensional six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural components is equipped with displacement and force sensors on each actuator, enabling control of displacement and force in each direction to form a closed-loop control, thereby better simulating the real effects of an earthquake. To accommodate structural components of different heights, this loading device includes a lifting assembly, allowing for platform height adjustment to meet the loading requirements of structural components of varying heights.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of loading devices for structural components, specifically a three-axis six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural components. Background Technology

[0002] The rapid development of civil engineering design and construction technology has led to the emergence of special, large and complex structures. In order to ensure the safety performance of these numerous building structures under extreme disasters such as strong earthquakes, strong winds and explosions, component loading test devices have become an important link in assessing and verifying the load-bearing performance of the overall structure or key components.

[0003] As part of a building, structural members are subjected to horizontal bidirectional shear forces and vertical axial forces during an earthquake, as well as rotational moments about three axes. Currently available testing equipment can generally only simulate forces in a single or at most three directions. The main methods for achieving this include:

[0004] (1) Use jacks to tension the high-strength bolts or tie rods fixed at both ends of the structural member to apply axial force to the structural member model;

[0005] (2) Set up a loading frame and place the jack between the end of the structural member and the loading frame to apply axial force. One end of the jack is hinged to the end of the structural member and the other end is hinged to the loading frame. When the end of the structural member moves under the action of lateral force (horizontal force), the jack swings accordingly.

[0006] (3) Similar to the aforementioned method (2), but a sliding bearing mechanism is provided between the end of the structural member and the jack or between the top of the jack and the loading frame. When the end of the structural member moves under the action of lateral force (horizontal force), the jack keeps its direction unchanged.

[0007] (4) In the patent (application number 201710112372.7): a test device for three-dimensional independent loading of structural components is adopted, including a loading frame for lateral force loading, a rigid cover plate for axial force loading, and a reaction base; the lower part of the test structural component is fixed on the reaction base, and the upper part is connected to the rigid cover plate, so as to realize the three directions of force applied to the structural component model by two lateral forces perpendicular to each other and the axial force independently.

[0008] The shortcomings of these existing methods are as follows: In the first and second methods, the axially loaded jacks or tie rods change direction with the lateral loading during loading, thus generating a lateral loading component. This component varies with the horizontal loading displacement, and must be corrected when measuring the lateral force borne by the component. In the third method, the actual lateral force borne by the component must be obtained by subtracting friction from the applied lateral force. Moreover, the presence of friction causes the jacks of the loading device to bend under the lateral force, potentially damaging them. In the fourth method, only three-dimensional independent loading can be performed, and loading in three rotational directions is not possible. In short, in In the first three loading methods, the actual lateral force applied to the component cannot be directly measured and must be obtained indirectly by modifying the applied lateral force. This increases the difficulty of experimental analysis, reduces the reliability of test results, and becomes more serious as the size of the test component increases. Although the fourth method can solve the problem of lateral force in the first three methods and achieve three-dimensional independent loading, it still cannot simulate the real effect of earthquakes acting on the component. It lacks loading in three rotational directions. The real effect of earthquakes acting on the component includes two horizontal directions, one vertical direction, and three rotational directions, making its simulation more complex. Currently, there is no corresponding solution.

[0009] Furthermore, the existing fourth method, besides its inability to achieve loading in three rotational directions, also has other loading limitations. When loading vertically, the jacks require a loading frame to apply vertical force to the structural members. However, the height of the loading frame is fixed, which restricts the height of the structural members. Even if shims are added between the member and the reaction foundation to achieve loading at different heights, this method is not only difficult to implement in member loading tests, but also introduces an uncontrollable risk point during the transmission of vertical force. This could lead to discrepancies between the loading results and the actual loading conditions, reducing the reliability of the test results. Currently, no corresponding solution has been found. Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural components to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a three-axis, six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural components, comprising a reaction base, a lifting assembly, an actuation assembly, and a platform. The actuation assembly includes a horizontal actuator and a vertical actuator for applying force to the platform. The lifting assembly includes a vertical lifting assembly and a horizontal lifting assembly for adjusting and supporting the position of the platform. The vertical lifting assembly is disposed within the reaction base and located below the platform. The horizontal lifting assembly is disposed to the side of the reaction base. The device further includes a pad cylinder located between the rear end of the actuation assembly and a ball joint.

[0012] Preferably, the vertical lifting assembly includes: a lifting platform fixed box, fixedly installed inside the reaction foundation; a first spiral lifting machine, disposed inside the lifting platform fixed box; a servo motor, fixedly installed outside the lifting platform fixed box; and a reducer connected to the output end of the servo motor for driving the first spiral lifting machine.

[0013] Preferably, the vertical lifting assembly includes: a guide column, fixedly installed inside the reaction foundation; and a guide sleeve, fixed to the outside of the elevator fixed box. The guide column is connected to the lead screw nut of the first screw elevator and moves up and down with the lead screw.

[0014] Preferably, the horizontal lifting assembly includes: a horizontal fixed support; and a second screw jack disposed inside the horizontal fixed support.

[0015] Preferably, the horizontal lifting assembly further includes: a movable support; and a connecting assembly including a T-nut, a super nut, and a bolt, wherein the movable support is adjustablely connected to the horizontal fixed support via the connecting assembly.

[0016] Preferably, the horizontal lifting assembly further includes a support base fixedly mounted at its bottom.

[0017] Preferably, the horizontal lifting assembly further includes a screw and a washer, the horizontal lifting assembly is fixedly installed by the screw, and the washer is sleeved on the outside of the screw.

[0018] Preferably, the vertical actuator is provided with ball joints at both ends.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the three-axis, six-degree-of-freedom loading test device can achieve loading in two horizontal directions, one vertical direction, and three rotational directions to simulate the real effects of earthquakes on structural members. Displacement and force sensors are installed on each actuator, allowing control of displacement and force in each direction, forming a closed-loop control system for better simulation of the real effects of an earthquake. To accommodate structural members of different heights, this loading device includes a lifting mechanism, enabling adjustment of the platform height to meet the loading requirements of structural members at varying heights. The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] 1. Three-dimensional six-degree-of-freedom simulation: It can realize loading in two horizontal directions, one vertical direction, and three rotational directions to simulate the real effect of earthquake on structural members;

[0021] 2. Equipped with a height lifting device, it can meet the loading requirements of structural components of different heights. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vertical lifting component of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the left side of the vertical lifting component of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the right side of the vertical lifting component of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the horizontal lifting component of this utility model.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Reaction base; 2. Horizontal actuator; 3. Vertical actuator; 4. Vertical lifting assembly; 41. First screw jack; 42. Lifting machine fixed box; 43. Guide column; 44. Guide sleeve; 45. Servo motor; 46. Reducer; 5. Shim; 6. Horizontal lifting assembly; 61. Second screw jack; 62. Horizontal fixed support; 63. Moving support; 64. T-nut; 65. Super nut; 66. Support base; 67. Bolt; 68. Screw; 69. Washer; 7. Platform; 8. Ball joint. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-5 This utility model provides a technical solution: a three-axis six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural components, comprising: a reaction base 1, a lifting assembly, an actuation assembly, and a platform 7. The actuation assembly includes a horizontal actuator 2 and a vertical actuator 3 for applying force to the platform 7. The lifting assembly includes a vertical lifting assembly 4 and a horizontal lifting assembly 6 for adjusting and supporting the position of the platform 7. The vertical lifting assembly 4 is disposed within the reaction base 1 and located below the platform 7. The horizontal lifting assembly 6 is disposed to the side of the reaction base 1. The device also includes a pad cylinder 5, which is located between the rear end of the actuation assembly and a ball joint 8. The vertical lifting assembly 4 includes a lifting platform fixing box 42, which is fixedly installed inside the reaction base 1.

[0030] The first screw jack 41 is disposed inside the jack housing 42; the servo motor 45 is fixedly installed outside the jack housing 42; the reducer 46 is connected to the output end of the servo motor 45 and is used to drive the first screw jack 41; the vertical lifting assembly 4 includes: a guide column 43, fixedly installed inside the reaction foundation 1; a guide sleeve 44, fixed to the outside of the jack housing 42, the guide column 43 rises and falls with the lead screw, and the guide column 43 is connected to the lead screw nut of the first screw jack 41; the horizontal lifting assembly 6 includes: a horizontal fixed support 62; the second screw... The rotary lifting mechanism 61 is disposed inside the horizontal fixed support 62; the horizontal lifting assembly 6 further includes: a movable support 63; a connecting assembly including a T-nut 64, a super nut 65, and a bolt 67, wherein the movable support 63 is adjustablely connected to the horizontal fixed support 62 through the connecting assembly; the horizontal lifting assembly 6 further includes a support base 66 fixedly installed at its bottom; the horizontal lifting assembly 6 further includes a screw 68 and a washer 69, wherein the horizontal lifting assembly 6 is fixedly installed through the screw 68, and the washer 69 is sleeved on the outside of the screw 68; the vertical actuator 3 is provided with ball joints 8 at both ends;

[0031] This device consists of an oil source, an actuating assembly, and a platform 7. During normal operation, the oil source acts as the power source for the hydraulic system, supplying pressurized oil to the actuator. The actuating assembly acts as the executing element, applying controllable pushing and pulling forces to the platform 7. The platform 7 acts as a loading component, transmitting the force to the structural components, thus controlling the speed, direction, displacement, and force of the structural components. The lifting assembly consists of a vertical lifting assembly 4 and a horizontal lifting assembly 6. When adjusting the height, the vertical lifting assembly 4 is activated first, causing the lead screw to rise to a certain height and support the platform. The weight of platform 7 and its accessories is measured, and then the connecting bolts 67 between the vertical actuator 3 and the lower ball joint 8 are loosened. Then, the vertical lifting assembly 4 and the horizontal lifting assembly 6 are started simultaneously, so that the system rises vertically and horizontally synchronously. After the platform 7 is raised to the preset height, the lifting machine is locked using its own self-locking function and motor brake function. Finally, the pre-prepared pad 5 is placed between the vertical actuator 3 and the lower ball joint 8, and the connecting bolts 67 between the pad 5 and the ball joint 8 and between the pad 5 and the vertical actuator 3 are pre-tightened to complete the height adjustment of platform 7.

[0032] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-axis, six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural members, comprising a reaction base (1), a lifting assembly, an actuation assembly, and a platform (7), characterized in that: The actuation assembly includes a horizontal actuator (2) and a vertical actuator (3) for applying force to the platform (7); The lifting assembly includes a vertical lifting assembly (4) and a horizontal lifting assembly (6) for adjusting and supporting the position of the platform (7); The vertical lifting component (4) is disposed within the reaction base (1) and located below the platform (7); The horizontal lifting component (6) is disposed on the side of the reaction base (1); The device also includes a pad (5) located between the rear end of the actuating component and the ball joint (8).

2. The tri-directional six degree of freedom loading test apparatus for structural members of claim 1, wherein: The vertical lifting component (4) includes: The elevator fixing box (42) is fixedly installed inside the reaction foundation (1); The first spiral lift (41) is located inside the lift fixing box (42); the servo motor (45) is fixedly installed on the outside of the lift fixing box (42); A speed reducer (46) is connected to the output end of the servo motor (45) and is used to drive the first screw jack (41).

3. The tri-directional six degree of freedom loading test apparatus for structural members of claim 2, wherein: The vertical lifting component (4) includes: The guide column (43) is fixedly installed inside the reaction foundation (1); Guide sleeve (44) is fixed on the outside of the elevator fixed box (42). Guide column (43) is connected to the screw nut of the first screw elevator (41) and moves up and down with the screw.

4. The three-axis six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The horizontal lifting component (6) includes: Horizontal fixed support (62); The second screw jack (61) is located inside the horizontal fixed support (62).

5. The tri-directional six degree of freedom loading test apparatus for structural members of claim 4, wherein: The horizontal lifting component (6) also includes: Movable support (63); The connecting assembly includes a T-nut (64), a super nut (65), and a bolt (67), and the movable support (63) is adjustablely connected to the horizontal fixed support (62) via the connecting assembly.

6. A three-axis, six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural members according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal lifting assembly (6) also includes a support base (66) fixedly mounted on its bottom.

7. A three-axis, six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural members according to claim 6, characterized in that: The horizontal lifting assembly (6) also includes a screw (68) and a washer (69). The horizontal lifting assembly (6) is fixedly installed by the screw (68), and the washer (69) is sleeved on the outside of the screw (68).

8. A three-axis, six-degree-of-freedom loading test device for structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the vertical actuator (3) are provided with ball joints (8).

Images