A farmland soil heavy metal pollution detection sampling device with backfilling function

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of soil testing equipment, specifically relating to a sampling device for heavy metal pollution detection in arable land soil with backfilling function. It includes a sampling component, a backfilling component, and a telescopic spring. The sampling component includes a vertical rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to a horizontal rod, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a sampling container. The sampling container is a hollow cylinder with openings at the bottom and one side. Two mounting blades are fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical rod near the sampling container, arranged symmetrically around the center of the vertical rod. Two backfilling components are fixedly connected to their corresponding mounting blades. This utility model can automatically backfill the sampling holes, reducing labor intensity and effectively avoiding soil moisture loss and hole collapse caused by untimely backfilling. It also allows the soil sample in the sampling container to be completely and smoothly pushed out, avoiding problems such as difficulty in removing the soil sample or breakage during removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of soil testing equipment, specifically relating to a sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy metal pollution detection in arable land soil is an important part of agricultural environmental monitoring. It typically requires soil sampling, followed by laboratory analysis of heavy metal content. Currently, most existing soil sampling devices only have sampling capabilities, leaving holes on the soil surface that need to be manually backfilled. This not only increases labor intensity but also, if backfilling is not done promptly, can lead to soil moisture loss, hole collapse, and other problems, affecting soil quality and subsequent cultivation.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application No. 202520731132.5 discloses a rapid soil heavy metal pollution sampler, relating to the field of soil testing technology. The sampler includes a handle with an internal automatic sampling component. This component includes a slot located inside the handle, and a first spring is housed within the slot. In this invention, before soil sampling, pulling the handle upwards fixes the squeezing plate in place via a plug, compressing the first spring and placing the piston at the top of the sampling container. When sampling, soil enters the container. After the container is removed from the ground, pulling the handles to the sides releases the compression plate from the first spring, allowing the spring to push the piston through a connecting rod, thus ejecting the soil from the sampling container and completing the sampling process. Existing samplers are prone to sampling failures during operation.

[0004] However, existing soil sampling devices typically employ simple cylindrical or spiral samplers. Sampling personnel insert the sampler into the soil, and after removing the sampler containing the soil sample, a hole is left on the soil surface. Since arable soil requires suitable compaction and moisture conditions, if the hole left after sampling is not backfilled promptly, the soil around the hole is prone to drying out and cracking. During rainfall, the hole is also prone to water accumulation and collapse, thus affecting the root growth of surrounding crops. Therefore, after sampling, the hole needs to be filled manually using shovels and other tools, a cumbersome and inefficient process, especially in large-scale arable soil testing where frequent sampling is required, resulting in a significant workload for manual backfilling. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with a backfilling function. This invention utilizes the coordinated operation of a sampling component, a backfilling component, and a telescopic spring. It automatically backfills the sampling holes, eliminating the need for manual backfilling, reducing labor intensity, improving operational efficiency, and effectively preventing soil moisture loss and hole collapse caused by untimely backfilling. Furthermore, it allows soil samples in the sampling container to be completely and smoothly ejected, avoiding the problems of difficulty in extracting soil samples or breakage during extraction found in traditional sampling devices, thus improving sampling efficiency and sample quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in farmland soil with backfilling function includes a sampling component, a backfilling component, and telescopic springs. The sampling component includes a vertical rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to a horizontal rod, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a sampling container. The sampling container is a hollow cylinder with an opening at the bottom and one side. An installation blade is fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical rod near the sampling container. Two installation blades are symmetrically arranged around the center of the vertical rod. Two backfilling components are respectively fixedly connected to their corresponding installation blades. The backfilling component includes a plate, one end of which is fixedly connected to a rotating blade. The rotating blade is rotatably connected to the center of the installation blade. A roller hole is opened at the end of the plate away from the rotating blade. A roller is rotatably connected to the plate and placed in the roller hole, with the outer edge of the roller extending beyond the plate. Multiple soil-digging nails are fixedly connected to the side of the plate near the sampling container. The two ends of the telescopic springs are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the plate near the sampling container. The vertical rod is located between the two telescopic springs.

[0007] Furthermore, the plurality of soil-digging nails are arranged in three rows. The side of the plate connected to the rotating blade is the top edge, and the side of the plate connected to the roller is the bottom edge. The first row of soil-digging nails is close to the bottom edge of the plate and arranged along the length of the bottom edge. The second and third rows of soil-digging nails are close to the two sides of the plate and arranged along the length of the sides. The soil-digging nails that are closer to the bottom edge of the plate are shorter.

[0008] Furthermore, one of the rotating blades fixedly connected to the top edge of the plate has two blades, the two rotating blades have the same central axis and are arranged at intervals, and the corresponding mounting blade is sandwiched between the two rotating blades.

[0009] Furthermore, two rollers are rotatably connected to the bottom edge of the plate, with the outer edges of the rollers protruding beyond the bottom edge of the plate and extending towards the side of the plate closest to the sampling container.

[0010] Furthermore, the plate body is provided with multiple weight-reducing holes, which are located away from the bottom edge of the plate body.

[0011] Furthermore, the length of the plate is less than the length of the sampling container.

[0012] Furthermore, the sampling assembly includes a piston that is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sampling container, and the sliding direction of the piston is consistent with the length direction of the sampling container.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the side of the piston facing away from the bottom opening of the sampling container, and the other end of the piston rod is slidably connected to the hollow inner cavity of the vertical rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the side wall of the vertical rod is provided with a sliding groove that communicates with the hollow inner cavity of the vertical rod, and a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston rod. The sliding rod extends out of the hollow inner cavity of the vertical rod and is slidably connected in the sliding groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the sampling assembly includes handles, with two handles respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the crossbar.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This utility model can automatically backfill the sampling hole without manual backfilling, which reduces labor intensity, improves work efficiency, and effectively avoids soil moisture loss and hole collapse caused by untimely backfilling. When using this sampling device, first find the cultivated soil to be tested. The sampling personnel hold the handles at both ends of the column crossbar so that the sampling container at the bottom of the vertical bar is facing the soil to be sampled. The sampling personnel push the device towards the ground with force. The sampling container begins to be pushed into the soil. As the pushing and inserting proceeds, both plates are subjected to a force away from the sampling container, causing the two plates to rotate around the mounting leaf. The telescopic spring is stretched, and the two plates unfold until the sampling container is completely inserted into the soil. The two plates are also fully unfolded, and the soil-digging nails on the plates are also inserted into the soil surface. Then the sampling personnel rotate the handle with the vertical bar as the center so that the soil to be sampled is completely contained in the sampling container. At the same time, the soil-digging nails on the plates also loosen the soil around the device during the rotation. Then, the sampling personnel lift the handle upwards, raising the sampling container and its plates along with the entire device. The soil inside the sampling container is excavated. Simultaneously, during the lifting process, the telescopic spring contracts, causing the two plates to converge towards the center. At the same time, the first row of digging spikes on the side of the plates closest to the sampling container digs the previously loosened soil towards the center, automatically backfilling the soil holes excavated in the sampling container with the surrounding soil, completing the backfilling of the sampling holes. Finally, with the soil firmly attached in the lifted sampling container, the sampling personnel push the sliding rod downwards, causing the piston rod to push the piston downwards within the sampling container's interior. The soil inside the sampling container is then pushed out by the piston and poured into the sampling container, completing the soil sampling operation.

[0017] (2) This utility model facilitates the complete removal of samples and is easy to operate. By setting up a piston, piston rod, groove, and sliding rod, after sampling, pushing the sliding rod downwards will cause the piston to slide downwards in the inner cavity of the sampling container, pushing out the soil in the sampling container. Specifically, after the sampling container is pushed into the soil and rotated, the soil is contained in the inner cavity of the sampling container. When the sampling personnel lift the handle upwards, the sampled soil in the inner cavity of the sampling container is dug out together. At this time, the soil in the inner cavity of the sampling container is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sampling container. If the soil is detached from the bottom opening of the sampling container by gravity or shaking alone, the soil is easy to be unable to detach smoothly due to its tight attachment, or the sample may break apart during the detachment process, affecting the integrity and representativeness of the sample. By setting up a piston and piston rod, the sampling personnel only need to push the sliding rod downwards. The sliding rod slides down along the groove on the side wall of the vertical rod, driving the piston rod to slide downwards in the hollow inner cavity of the vertical rod. The piston rod then pushes the piston to slide downwards in the inner cavity of the sampling container. As the piston slides downwards within the sampling container, it applies a downward thrust to the soil inside, pushing the soil completely out of the bottom opening of the container. The soil sample retains its original columnar structure, facilitating subsequent testing and analysis. This structure allows the soil sample to be ejected completely and smoothly, avoiding the problems of difficulty in removing soil samples or breakage during removal found in traditional sampling devices, thus improving sampling efficiency and sample quality. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function, according to this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function, according to this utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling component structure of a sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the backfill component structure of a sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to this utility model.

[0019] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 100. Sampling assembly; 101. Vertical rod; 102. Horizontal rod; 103. Handle; 104. Sampling container; 105. Mounting leaf; 106. Piston; 107. Piston rod; 108. Slide groove; 109. Sliding rod; 200. Backfill component; 201. Slab; 202. Rotating blade; 203. Roller hole; 204. Roller; 205. Soil-scraping nail; 206. Weight-reducing hole; 300. Extension spring; Detailed Implementation The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0020] refer to Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function, including a sampling component 100, a backfilling component 200, and a telescopic spring 300. The sampling component 100 includes a vertical rod 101, one end of which is fixedly connected to a horizontal rod 102, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a sampling container 104. The sampling container 104 is a hollow column with an opening at the bottom and one side. An installation leaf 105 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical rod 101 near the sampling container 104. The two installation leaves 105 are symmetrically arranged around the center of the vertical rod 101. The two backfilling components 200 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding installation leaves 105. The backfill assembly 200 includes a plate 201. A rotating blade 202 is fixedly connected to one end of the plate 201. The rotating blade 202 is rotatably connected to the center of the mounting blade 105. A roller hole 203 is opened at the end of the plate 201 away from the rotating blade 202. A roller 204 is rotatably connected to the plate 201 and placed in the roller hole 203. The outer edge of the roller 204 extends out of the plate 201. A plurality of soil-digging nails 205 are fixedly connected to the side of the plate 201 near the sampling container 104. The two ends of the telescopic spring 300 are respectively fixedly connected to the sides of two plates 201 near the sampling container 104. The vertical rod 101 is located between the two telescopic springs 300.

[0021] Furthermore, the plurality of soil-digging nail cones 205 are arranged in three rows. The side of the plate 201 connected to the rotating blade 202 is the top edge, and the side of the plate 201 connected to the roller 204 is the bottom edge. The first row of soil-digging nail cones 205 is close to the bottom edge of the plate 201 and arranged along the length of the bottom edge. The second and third rows of soil-digging nail cones 205 are close to the two sides of the plate 201 and arranged along the length of the sides. The soil-digging nail cones 205 that are closer to the bottom edge of the plate 201 are shorter.

[0022] In this invention, sampling holes can be automatically backfilled, eliminating the need for manual backfilling, reducing labor intensity, improving work efficiency, and effectively preventing soil moisture loss and hole collapse caused by untimely backfilling. When using this sampling device, first locate the farmland soil to be tested. Above the soil, the sampling personnel hold the handles 103 at both ends of the column 102, ensuring the sampling container 104 at the bottom of the vertical rod 101 is directly facing the soil surface. The sampling personnel push the device forcefully towards the ground. The bottom opening of the sampling container 104 is sharp; under the pushing force, the sampling container 104 begins to penetrate into the soil, causing the rollers 204 on the bottom edge of the plate 201 of the backfilling assembly 200 located on both sides of the sampling container 104 to engage. Upon contact with the soil surface, as the insertion progresses, both plates 201 experience a force moving away from the sampling container 104, causing them to rotate around the mounting leaf 105. The extension spring 300 is stretched, and the two plates 201 unfold until the sampling container 104 is fully inserted into the soil. At this point, both plates 201 are fully extended, and the digging spikes 205 on the plates 201 are also inserted into the soil surface. The sampling personnel then rotate the handle 103 around the vertical rod 101, ensuring the soil to be sampled is completely contained within the sampling container. In the sample container 104, the soil-digging nail 205 on the plate 201 also loosens the soil around the device during rotation. Finally, the sampling personnel lift the handle 103 upwards, and the sample container 104 and the plate 201 are lifted together with the entire device. The sampling soil in the inner cavity of the sample container 104 is excavated. At the same time, during the lifting process, the telescopic spring 300 contracts, causing the two plates 201 to converge towards the middle of the sample container 104. When the plates 201 converge, the side of the plates 201 closest to the sample container 104... The first row of digging spikes 205 will dig the previously loosened soil towards the center, automatically filling the soil holes dug in the sampling container 104 with the surrounding soil, thus completing the backfilling of the sampling holes. After the sampling container 104 is lifted, the soil in it is compacted and adhered. The sampling personnel then push the sliding rod 109 downwards, causing the piston rod 107 to push the piston 106 downwards in the inner cavity of the sampling container 104. The sampling soil in the inner cavity of the sampling container 104 is then pushed out by the piston 106 and poured into the sampling container, completing the soil sampling operation.

[0023] Furthermore, there are two rotating blades 202 fixedly connected to the top edge of the plate 201. The two rotating blades 202 have the same central axis and are arranged at intervals. The corresponding mounting blade 105 is sandwiched between the two rotating blades 202.

[0024] Furthermore, two rollers 204 are rotatably connected to the bottom edge of one of the plates 201. The outer edges of the rollers 204 protrude from the bottom edge of the plate 201 and from the side of the plate 201 closest to the sampling container 104.

[0025] In this invention, two rollers 204 are rotatably connected to the bottom edge of a plate 201. The outer edges of the rollers 204 protrude beyond the bottom edge of the plate 201, extending towards the side of the plate 201 closest to the sampling container 104. The rollers 204 contact the soil surface during the device's insertion into the soil, subjecting the plate 201 to a force acting away from the sampling container 104, thereby causing it to rotate and unfold around the mounting blade 105.

[0026] Furthermore, the plate body is provided with a plurality of weight reduction holes 206, and the plurality of weight reduction holes 206 are far away from the bottom edge of the plate body 201.

[0027] In this invention, the weight-reducing hole 206 effectively reduces the overall weight of the device, making it convenient for sampling personnel to carry the sampling device to various complex and difficult-to-access farmland soil sampling locations.

[0028] Furthermore, the length of the plate 201 is less than the length of the sampling container 104.

[0029] In this invention, the length of the plate 201 is less than the length of the sampling container 104, so that the sampling container 104 is inserted into the soil first, and then the rollers 204 of the plate 201 touch the ground and begin to unfold the two plates 201, thus ensuring the stability of the plate 201 when unfolding.

[0030] Furthermore, the sampling assembly 100 includes a piston 106, which is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sampling container 104, and the sliding direction of the piston 106 is consistent with the length direction of the sampling container 104.

[0031] Furthermore, one end of the piston rod 107 is fixedly connected to the side of the piston 106 facing away from the bottom opening of the sampling container 104, and the other end of the piston rod 107 is slidably connected to the hollow inner cavity of the vertical rod 101.

[0032] Furthermore, the side wall of the vertical rod 101 is provided with a sliding groove 108 that communicates with the hollow inner cavity of the vertical rod 101, and a sliding rod 109 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston rod 107. The sliding rod 109 extends out of the hollow inner cavity of the vertical rod 101 and is slidably connected in the sliding groove 108.

[0033] In this invention, the sliding rod 109 extends outside the hollow cavity of the vertical rod 101, allowing the sampling personnel to operate the sliding rod 109 directly from outside the vertical rod 101 without needing to insert their hands into the inner cavity of the sampling container 104. This makes the operation simple and hygienic. The cooperation between the groove 108 and the sliding rod 109 also serves as a guide, ensuring that the piston 106 slides stably along the length of the sampling container 104 and preventing the piston 106 from deviating or getting stuck during the sliding process.

[0034] In this invention, by configuring a piston 106, piston rod 107, slide groove 108, and sliding rod 109, after sampling is completed, pushing the sliding rod 109 downwards causes the piston 106 to slide downwards within the sampling container 104, pushing out the soil from the sampling container 104. Specifically, the piston 106 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sampling container 104, and the sliding direction of the piston 106 is consistent with the length direction of the sampling container 104. Since the sampling container 104 is a hollow cylinder with openings at the bottom and one side, and the bottom opening of the sampling container 104 has a sharp shape, after the sampling container 104 is pushed into the soil and rotated, the soil is contained within the inner cavity of the sampling container 104. When the sampling personnel lift the handle 103 upwards, the sampled soil in the inner cavity of the sampling container 104 is excavated. At this point, the soil in the inner cavity of sampling container 104 is firmly attached to the inner wall of sampling container 104. If the soil is detached from the bottom opening of sampling container 104 by gravity or shaking alone, the soil may not detach smoothly due to its firm attachment, or the sample may break apart during detachment, affecting the integrity and representativeness of the sample. By setting up piston 106 and piston rod 107, the sampling personnel only need to push the sliding rod 109 downward. The sliding rod 109 slides downward along the groove 108 on the side wall of vertical rod 101, driving piston rod 107 to slide downward in the hollow inner cavity of vertical rod 101. Piston rod 107 then pushes piston 106 downward in the inner cavity of sampling container 104. When piston 106 slides downward in the inner cavity of sampling container 104, it applies a downward thrust to the soil in the inner cavity of sampling container 104, pushing the soil out completely from the bottom opening of sampling container 104. The soil sample can maintain its original columnar structure, which is convenient for subsequent detection and analysis. This structure allows the soil sample in the sampling container 104 to be pushed out completely and smoothly, avoiding the problems of soil samples being difficult to remove or breaking apart during the removal process in traditional sampling devices, thus improving the efficiency of sampling operations and the quality of samples.

[0035] Furthermore, the sampling assembly 100 includes a handle 103, with two handles respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the crossbar 102.

Claims

1. A sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function, characterized in that, The system includes a sampling component (100), a backfill component (200), and a telescopic spring (300). The sampling component (100) includes a vertical rod (101), one end of which is fixedly connected to a horizontal rod (102), and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a sampling container (104). The sampling container (104) is a hollow column with an opening at the bottom and one side. An installation leaf (105) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical rod (101) near the sampling container (104). The two installation leaves (105) are symmetrically arranged around the center of the vertical rod (101). The two backfill components (200) are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding installation leaves (105). The backfill assembly (200) includes a plate (201), one end of which is fixedly connected to a rotating blade (202). The rotating blade (202) is rotatably connected to the center of the mounting blade (105). A roller hole (203) is provided at the end of the plate (201) away from the rotating blade (202). A roller (204) is rotatably connected to the plate (201) and placed in the roller hole (203). The outer edge of the roller (204) extends out of the plate (201). Multiple soil-digging nails (205) are fixedly connected to the side of the plate (201) near the sampling container (104). The two ends of the telescopic spring (300) are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the two plates (201) near the sampling container (104). The vertical rod (101) is located between the two telescopic springs (300).

2. The sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of soil-digging nails (205) are arranged in three rows. The side of the plate (201) connected to the rotating blade (202) is the top edge, and the side of the plate (201) connected to the roller (204) is the bottom edge. The first row of soil-digging nails (205) is close to the bottom edge of the plate (201) and arranged along the length of the bottom edge. The second and third rows of soil-digging nails (205) are close to the two sides of the plate (201) and arranged along the length of the sides. The soil-digging nails (205) that are closer to the bottom edge of the plate (201) are shorter.

3. The sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two rotating blades (202) are fixedly connected to the top edge of the plate (201). The two rotating blades (202) have the same central axis and are arranged apart. The corresponding mounting blade (105) is sandwiched between the two rotating blades (202).

4. The sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two rollers (204) are rotatably connected at the bottom edge of one of the plates (201). The outer edge of the rollers (204) protrudes from the bottom edge of the plate (201) and from the side of the plate (201) near the sampling container (104).

5. The sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plate has multiple weight-reducing holes (206) which are located away from the bottom edge of the plate (201).

6. The sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the plate (201) is less than the length of the sampling container (104).

7. The sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling assembly (100) includes a piston (106), which is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sampling container (104), and the sliding direction of the piston (106) is consistent with the length direction of the sampling container (104).

8. The sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The piston (106) is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod (107) on the side facing away from the bottom opening of the sampling container (104), and the other end of the piston rod (107) is slidably connected to the hollow cavity of the vertical rod (101).

9. The sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to claim 8, characterized in that, The side wall of the vertical rod (101) is provided with a groove (108) that communicates with the hollow inner cavity of the vertical rod (101). The side wall of the piston rod (107) is fixedly connected with a sliding rod (109). The sliding rod (109) extends out of the hollow inner cavity of the vertical rod (101) and is slidably connected in the groove (108).

10. The sampling device for detecting heavy metal pollution in arable land soil with backfilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling component (100) includes a handle (103), and the two handles are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the crossbar (102).

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