Experimental apparatus for simulating the generation and emission mechanism and transport of toxic gases in confined spaces, such as pools.

Abstract

This utility model discloses a simulation experimental device for the generation and emission mechanism and transport and distribution law of toxic gases in confined spaces such as pools. It includes an external atmospheric environment simulation system, an automatically opening and closing pool body, a disturbance simulation system, a data acquisition system, a mechanical ventilation system, a water supply and drainage system, a main control system, a pollutant rapid generation and release system, and a pollutant trajectory testing system. It can recreate the real working environment of confined spaces such as sewage treatment pools and pickling pools, simulate the generation and release of toxic gases in a controllable manner, and utilize fluorescence tracing and high-speed imaging technology to achieve visualized quantitative analysis of pollutant transport paths. This allows for a systematic study of the generation and emission mechanism and transport and distribution law of toxic gases under different conditions. With high integration and precise control, it provides an advanced experimental platform for risk assessment and prevention and control measures for safe confined space operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a simulation experimental technology for the generation and emission mechanism and transport and distribution law of toxic gases in confined spaces such as sewage treatment ponds and pickling ponds in industrial and commercial sectors, and in particular to a simulation experimental device for the generation and emission mechanism and transport of toxic gases in confined spaces such as ponds. Background Technology

[0002] Accidents in confined spaces are frequent and widespread in the industrial and commercial sectors, with sewage treatment ponds and pickling tanks being the most common locations for such accidents. According to accident statistics and analysis, gas hazards are the primary cause of these accidents, especially toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide, which are characterized by their sudden onset, rapid diffusion, and extremely high safety risks.

[0003] The types of toxic gases and their generation and emission influencing factors in typical confined spaces such as wastewater treatment ponds and pickling tanks are complex, influenced by raw materials, production processes, and other factors. Their transport and distribution within the pond are also affected by the pond's structure, inlets and outlets, and external meteorological conditions. To scientifically assess and effectively prevent accidents at the source, it is necessary to study the generation and emission mechanisms and transport and distribution patterns of toxic gases in typical confined spaces such as wastewater treatment ponds and pickling tanks. Currently, there are few studies on the generation and emission mechanisms and transport patterns of toxic gases in typical confined spaces such as wastewater treatment ponds and pickling tanks in industrial and commercial sectors, and existing research methods have significant limitations. Field measurements are limited by operational safety and uncontrollable environmental factors, making systematic and reproducible studies difficult. Existing laboratory simulation devices are often single-function and cannot simultaneously reproduce complex boundary conditions (such as dynamically changing external weather, fluid disturbances within the pond, and multiple ventilation modes) and their coupling effects, especially lacking effective means for visually tracking the movement trajectory of pollutants.

[0004] In view of the above, this utility model is hereby proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental device for simulating the generation and emission mechanism and transport of toxic gases in a confined space, such as a pool, in order to solve the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] The present invention relates to a pool-type confined space toxic gas generation and emission mechanism and transport simulation experimental device, which includes an environmental simulation chamber frame, a main control system, an external atmospheric environment simulation system, an automatically opening and closing pool body, a disturbance simulation system, a data acquisition system, a mechanical ventilation system, a water supply and drainage system, a pollutant rapid generation and release system, and a pollutant movement trajectory testing system.

[0008] The external atmospheric environment simulation system, the automatically opening and closing pool body, the disturbance simulation system, the data acquisition system, the mechanical ventilation system, the water supply and drainage system, the pollutant rapid generation and release system, and the pollutant movement trajectory testing system are all connected to the main control system.

[0009] The disturbance simulation system is installed inside the pool body;

[0010] The external atmospheric environment simulation system is used to simulate the external atmospheric environment;

[0011] The automatically opening and closing pool body is used to provide experimental space and simulate the opening and closing state;

[0012] The disturbance simulation system is used to simulate fluid disturbances within the pool.

[0013] The data acquisition system is used to monitor and record experimental parameters in real time;

[0014] The mechanical ventilation system is used to simulate forced ventilation conditions of varying intensities;

[0015] The water supply and drainage system is used to control the liquid level and media replacement in the pool.

[0016] The main control system serves as the control center;

[0017] The rapid pollutant generation and release system is used to controllably generate and inject target pollutants;

[0018] The pollutant trajectory testing system is used to visualize the transport path of pollutants.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the pool-type confined space toxic gas generation and emission mechanism and transport simulation experimental device provided by this utility model is a comprehensive experimental device that can simulate complex boundary conditions, visualize the movement trajectory of pollutants, and has high-precision automatic control and data acquisition capabilities. It can fundamentally and deeply study the generation and emission mechanism and transport law of toxic gases and formulate scientific and effective risk prevention and control measures. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental device for simulating the generation and emission mechanism and transport of toxic gases in a confined space in a pool, provided for an embodiment of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the device.

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] 1. Environmental simulation chamber outer frame: Represents the enclosed or semi-enclosed space in which the entire experimental device is located;

[0024] 2. Electric winding shaft: The core component that drives the opening and closing of the top cover;

[0025] 3. Guide rail: The track for the top cover to move;

[0026] 4. Top cover (open): Shows the position of the top cover when it is open;

[0027] 5. High-speed camera: mounted on top, used to capture the tracer gas trajectory;

[0028] 6. Ultraviolet light source array: mounted on the pool wall to excite the fluorescent tracer;

[0029] 7. Pool body: Core experimental area;

[0030] 8. Spiral stirring blades: Disturbance simulation;

[0031] 9. Waterproof motor: The core of the disturbance simulation system;

[0032] 10. Horizontal slide rail: The track on which the motor moves;

[0033] 11. Gas sensor: Monitors the concentration of gases such as O2, H2S, CO, and CH4;

[0034] 12. Microporous aeration release head: a pollutant release device;

[0035] 13. Sidewall diffusion release head: a pollutant release device;

[0036] 14. Centrifugal fan: the core of the mechanical ventilation system;

[0037] 15. Axial flow fan: the core of the mechanical ventilation system;

[0038] 16. Air conditioners and humidifiers: Temperature and humidity simulation devices;

[0039] 17. Physicochemical parameter sensors: monitor physicochemical parameters inside the simulation chamber;

[0040] 18. Main control cabinet: System control center;

[0041] 19. Industrial blower: External wind speed simulation device;

[0042] 20. Water injection pipe; 21. Drainage pipe; 22. Small top cover. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments, which do not constitute a limitation on the present utility model. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0044] First, the following explanations are provided for the terms that may be used in this article:

[0045] The terms “including,” “contains,” “comprising,” “having,” or other similar semantic descriptions shall be interpreted as non-exclusive inclusion.

[0046] The term "composed of" excludes any technical features not expressly listed. When used in a claim, it closes the claim to exclude all technical features other than those expressly listed, except for associated conventional impurities. If the term appears only in a clause of a claim, it limits the claim to the elements expressly listed in that clause; elements recited in other clauses are not excluded from the overall claim.

[0047] The contents not described in detail in the embodiments of this utility model are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments of this utility model, they shall be performed according to conventional conditions in the art or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments used in the embodiments of this utility model whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0048] The present invention relates to a pool-type confined space toxic gas generation and emission mechanism and transport simulation experimental device, which includes an environmental simulation chamber frame, a main control system, an external atmospheric environment simulation system, an automatically opening and closing pool body, a disturbance simulation system, a data acquisition system, a mechanical ventilation system, a water supply and drainage system, a pollutant rapid generation and release system, and a pollutant movement trajectory testing system.

[0049] The external atmospheric environment simulation system, the automatically opening and closing pool body, the disturbance simulation system, the data acquisition system, the mechanical ventilation system, the water supply and drainage system, the pollutant rapid generation and release system, and the pollutant movement trajectory testing system are all connected to the main control system.

[0050] The disturbance simulation system is installed inside the pool body;

[0051] The external atmospheric environment simulation system is used to simulate the external atmospheric environment;

[0052] The automatically opening and closing pool body is used to provide experimental space and simulate the opening and closing state;

[0053] The disturbance simulation system is used to simulate fluid disturbances within the pool.

[0054] The data acquisition system is used to monitor and record experimental parameters in real time;

[0055] The mechanical ventilation system is used to simulate forced ventilation conditions of varying intensities;

[0056] The water supply and drainage system is used to control the liquid level and media replacement in the pool.

[0057] The main control system serves as the control center;

[0058] The rapid pollutant generation and release system is used to controllably generate and inject target pollutants;

[0059] The pollutant trajectory testing system is used to visualize the transport path of pollutants.

[0060] The external atmospheric environment simulation system includes an industrial blower, an air conditioner, and a humidifier.

[0061] The top cover of the automatically opening and closing pool body adopts a structure driven by an electric winding shaft and moving along a guide rail. Its edge is provided with a sealing strip, and the top cover is provided with a circular inlet and outlet for manually opening a small top cover.

[0062] The disturbance simulation system includes a horizontal slide rail set in the pool and a waterproof motor placed on the slide rail and moving thereon. The drive shaft of the moving motor is connected to a spiral stirring blade. The waterproof motor is connected to the power supply system through a drag chain cable or a sliding contact line system.

[0063] The data acquisition system includes gas sensors, environmental sensors, and physicochemical parameter sensors.

[0064] The mechanical ventilation system adopts a multi-outlet matrix arrangement, including a positive pressure air supply device and a negative pressure air exhaust device.

[0065] The water supply and drainage system includes a level sensor, a drainage pump, a drainage pipe, a water injection solenoid valve, and a water injection pipe.

[0066] The rapid pollutant generation and release system includes multiple standard gas cylinders connected in parallel, a gas mixing buffer tank, a mass flow controller, and an embedded reaction tank inside the main body of the pool. The release device includes microporous aeration release heads distributed at the bottom of the pool and sidewall diffusion release heads arranged on the pool wall.

[0067] The pollutant trajectory testing system includes a fluorescent tracer, an ultraviolet light source array arranged in the main body of the pool, and a high-speed camera. The high-speed camera is equipped with a filter that matches the emission wavelength of the tracer.

[0068] The above-mentioned experimental apparatus for simulating the generation and emission mechanisms and transport of toxic gases in confined spaces such as pools is used to implement a method for simulating the generation and emission mechanisms and transport of toxic gases in confined spaces such as pools. The method includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Experimental preparation and basic condition simulation: Initialize and set the parameters of each subsystem through the main control system; start the atmospheric environment simulation system, set the wind speed, temperature and humidity to simulate the external meteorological environment of the main body of the pool; inject sewage or pickling liquid into the main body of the pool through the water supply and drainage system to simulate the actual medium in the pool, and monitor the liquid level height in real time by the liquid level sensor.

[0070] S2. Simulation of Pollutant Generation and Release: Through a rapid pollutant generation and release system, standard gas cylinders are directly supplied with gas or an embedded reaction tank is started to simulate the biochemical gas generation process to generate target toxic gases; the gas release rate is precisely controlled using a mass flow controller; and the release behavior of pollutants from different sources and in different ways is simulated through release devices distributed at the bottom or walls of the pool.

[0071] S3. Multi-dimensional data synchronous acquisition and trajectory visualization: Start the data acquisition system to monitor and record the gas concentration, environmental parameters and liquid physicochemical parameters in the pool in real time; at the same time, start the pollutant movement trajectory test system, release fluorescent tracers, use ultraviolet light source array to excite fluorescence, and use high-speed camera to capture and record the transport path and diffusion cloud map of pollutants in space.

[0072] S4. Testing the gas production, emission, and transport patterns under different conditions: A systematic study was conducted by switching between different experimental conditions using the main control system.

[0073] The spontaneous generation and accumulation of gases under natural conditions;

[0074] The effect of fluid disturbances of different intensities on gas release rate and distribution;

[0075] The effect of natural ventilation under different opening and closing states (such as the top cover being fully open or only the entrance and exit being open);

[0076] The efficiency of mechanical ventilation in diluting and removing pollutants.

[0077] S5. Experiment Termination and Safety Procedures: After the experiment, shut down the gas release, environmental simulation, and data acquisition systems in sequence; start the water supply and drainage system to discharge the treated waste liquid and clean the main body of the tank; turn on the mechanical ventilation system for forced ventilation, and after ensuring environmental safety, perform equipment maintenance and data backup analysis.

[0078] In step S2, the method of generating the target toxic gas includes direct release using a standard gas cylinder or gas generation through simulated biochemical reaction in an embedded reaction tank; the release rate is precisely controlled by a mass flow controller.

[0079] Step S4 includes simulations under at least the following four different conditions:

[0080] Natural state: All disturbances and ventilation systems are shut down;

[0081] Disturbance state: Start the stirring device to simulate fluid disturbance in the tank;

[0082] Natural ventilation mode: Control the opening of the top cover or the opening of the entrance / exit;

[0083] Mechanical ventilation status: Positive pressure air supply, negative pressure air exhaust, or a combination thereof are activated.

[0084] In summary, the simulation experimental device for the generation and emission mechanisms and transport and distribution patterns of toxic gases in confined spaces such as wastewater treatment tanks and pickling tanks, as described in this embodiment of the invention, can recreate the real working environment of confined spaces. It simulates the generation and release of toxic gases in a controllable manner and utilizes fluorescence tracing and high-speed imaging technology to achieve visualized quantitative analysis of pollutant transport paths, thereby systematically studying the generation and emission mechanisms and transport and distribution patterns of toxic gases under different conditions. This invention features high integration and precise control, providing an advanced experimental platform for risk assessment and prevention and control measures for confined space operations. Through this system, it is convenient to systematically study the generation and emission mechanisms and transport and distribution patterns of toxic gases in confined spaces such as tanks under different environments. Gas concentration data and liquid physicochemical parameters can be collected through the main control system, improving research efficiency and ensuring operator safety.

[0085] To more clearly demonstrate the technical solution and effects provided by this utility model, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model is provided with reference to specific examples.

[0086] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this utility model relates to an experimental device for simulating the generation and emission mechanism and transport of toxic gases in a confined space, which includes: an external atmospheric environment simulation system, an automatically opening and closing pool body, a disturbance simulation system, a data acquisition system, a mechanical ventilation system, a water supply and drainage system, a main control system, a pollutant rapid generation and release system, and a pollutant trajectory testing system.

[0087] The external atmospheric environment simulation system is used to simulate the external atmospheric environment where the pool is located, including a wind speed simulation device, a temperature simulation device, and a humidity simulation device. The wind speed simulation device uses industrial blowers, which are symmetrically installed on both sides of the simulation chamber, with bidirectional air intake and exhaust control. The temperature simulation device uses an air conditioner capable of both cooling and heating. The humidity simulation device uses a humidifier.

[0088] The automatically opening and closing pool body is used to simulate the opening and closing state of a confined space, and includes a top cover and a pool body. The top cover includes a cover plate body, a drive structure, a guide rail, and a sealing strip. The cover plate body is made of lightweight stainless steel; the drive mechanism is an electric winding shaft, installed on the outside of the pool body and connected to the cover plate via the guide rail; the guide rail is made of stainless steel and is installed on the inner top of the pool body; the sealing strip is made of corrosion-resistant material and is installed on the edge of the cover plate to ensure airtightness when the top cover is closed. The top cover has a manually openable circular entrance / exit, used to simulate an inspection port in an actual confined space or as an emergency ventilation passage.

[0089] The disturbance simulation system is used to simulate the stirring of fluid in the pool or disturbances caused by human activities. It is installed inside the pool body and is equipped with a horizontal slide rail, a waterproof motor that can move along the slide rail, and a spiral stirring blade driven by the motor and submerged in the liquid. The waterproof motor is powered by a drag chain cable or a sliding contact line system to ensure reliability and safety during movement. The rotating shaft can be automatically operated by the main control system when needed, driving the spiral stirring blade to simulate disturbances of different intensities.

[0090] The data acquisition system is used to monitor and record multidimensional parameters throughout the entire experimental process in real time. It includes gas sensors, wind speed sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and physicochemical parameter acquisition devices. The gas sensors include oxygen sensors, hydrogen sulfide sensors, carbon monoxide sensors, ammonia sensors, and sulfur dioxide sensors, etc. The physicochemical parameter acquisition devices include pH sensors, COD sensors, BOD sensors, and salinity sensors.

[0091] The mechanical ventilation system is used to simulate forced ventilation conditions of varying intensities. It employs a multi-vent matrix design, comprising multiple independently controllable vents distributed along the side walls and top of the pool body, a positive pressure air supply device, and a negative pressure exhaust device. Each vent integrates an electric air valve and a standard duct interface. The positive pressure air supply device includes an axial flow fan connected to the main air supply duct. The negative pressure exhaust device includes a centrifugal fan connected to the main exhaust duct.

[0092] The water supply and drainage system is used to simulate the rise and fall of the liquid level and liquid replacement in the pool. It includes a liquid level sensor, a drainage pump, a drainage pipe, a water injection solenoid valve, and a water injection pipe. The drainage pipe is installed at the lowest point of the pool bottom, and the water injection pipe is installed at the highest point on the side of the pool body.

[0093] The main control system serves as the command center for the entire device, and it includes a programmable logic controller (PLC) and a touch screen. This system is responsible for the unified coordination and automated control of all the aforementioned subsystems. Its functions include setting various parameters for the external atmospheric environment simulation system, controlling the opening and closing of the pool's main cover, controlling the operation of the stirring system, starting and stopping the data acquisition system and recording data, switching modes of the mechanical ventilation system, precisely controlling the rapid generation and release of pollutants, synchronously triggering the pollutant trajectory testing system, and managing the liquid level of the water supply and drainage system.

[0094] The rapid pollutant generation and release system is used to controllably generate and inject target pollutants to simulate actual gas production processes. It includes multiple standard gas cylinders connected in parallel, an embedded reaction tank inside the main body of the pool, and a release device. The gas cylinder outlet pipeline is equipped with a pressure reducing valve, a safety solenoid valve, and a precision filter, ultimately flowing into a gas mixing buffer tank. A mass flow controller is installed before the inlet of the mixing buffer tank. The reaction tank is equipped with a micro-heater and a temperature sensor to simulate biochemical reactions. The release device includes microporous aeration release heads distributed at the bottom of the pool and sidewall diffusion release heads arranged on the pool walls to simulate different release methods.

[0095] The pollutant trajectory testing system is used to visualize and quantitatively analyze the transport paths and diffusion processes of pollutants within the pool. It includes a fluorescent tracer, an array of ultraviolet light sources arranged within the pool body to excite the tracer's emission, and a correspondingly arranged high-speed camera. The high-speed camera is equipped with a filter that matches the emission wavelength of the tracer.

[0096] An experimental method for simulating the generation and emission mechanism and transport of toxic gases in a confined space, the method comprising the following steps:

[0097] S1. Experimental preparation and basic condition simulation: Initialize and set the parameters of each subsystem through the main control system; start the atmospheric environment simulation system, set the wind speed, temperature and humidity to simulate the external meteorological environment of the main body of the pool; inject sewage or pickling liquid into the main body of the pool through the water supply and drainage system to simulate the actual medium in the pool, and monitor the liquid level height in real time by the liquid level sensor.

[0098] S2. Simulation of Pollutant Generation and Release: Through a rapid pollutant generation and release system, standard gas cylinders are directly supplied with gas or an embedded reaction tank is started to simulate the biochemical gas generation process to generate target toxic gases; the gas release rate is precisely controlled using a mass flow controller; and the release behavior of pollutants from different sources and in different ways is simulated through release devices distributed at the bottom or walls of the pool.

[0099] S3. Multi-dimensional data synchronous acquisition and trajectory visualization: Start the data acquisition system to monitor and record the gas concentration, environmental parameters and liquid physicochemical parameters in the pool in real time. At the same time, start the pollutant movement trajectory test system, release fluorescent tracers, use ultraviolet light source array to excite fluorescence, and use high-speed camera to capture and record the transport path and diffusion cloud map of pollutants in space.

[0100] S4. Testing the gas production, emission, and transport patterns under different conditions: A systematic study was conducted by switching between different experimental conditions using the main control system.

[0101] The spontaneous generation and accumulation of gases under natural conditions;

[0102] The effect of fluid disturbances of different intensities on gas release rate and distribution;

[0103] The effect of natural ventilation under different opening and closing states (such as the top cover being fully open or only the entrance and exit being open);

[0104] The efficiency of mechanical ventilation in diluting and removing pollutants.

[0105] S5. Experiment Termination and Safety Procedures: After the experiment, shut down the gas release, environmental simulation, and data acquisition systems in sequence; start the water supply and drainage system to discharge waste liquid and clean the main body of the tank; turn on the mechanical ventilation system to force ventilation of the main body of the tank. After ensuring environmental safety, perform equipment maintenance and data backup analysis.

[0106] Example:

[0107] An experimental method for simulating the generation and emission mechanism and transport of toxic gases in a confined space, the method comprising the following steps:

[0108] 1) Experimental preparation and simulation of basic conditions

[0109] (1) Start the main control system and initialize and preset the parameters of each subsystem through PLC and touch screen, including the target parameters of the external atmospheric environment simulation system, the sampling frequency of the data acquisition system (such as gas concentration being collected once every 10 seconds and liquid physicochemical parameters being collected once every 30 minutes), and the initial flow rate of the pollutant release system.

[0110] (2) Atmospheric environment simulation. Start the industrial blower, air conditioner, and humidifier, and set specific parameters according to the experimental requirements: wind speed setting range (which can be adjusted by the blower speed), temperature setting range (cooling / heating mode switching), and humidity setting range (humidifier atomization control). The external environment monitoring sensor provides real-time feedback data to form a closed-loop control, ensuring that the fluctuation range of environmental parameters does not exceed ±2% and maintaining a stable simulation state.

[0111] (3) Simulation of substances in the pool. Start the water supply and drainage system and pump the pre-prepared sewage or pickling solution to the lower part of the pool body through the water injection pipeline. The liquid level is monitored in real time by the liquid level sensor installed at the bottom of the pool to simulate the substances present in the sewage treatment pool or pickling pool. When the target liquid level is reached, the main control system automatically closes the water injection solenoid valve to complete the simulation of the actual liquid environment in the pool.

[0112] 2) Simulation of pollutant generation and release

[0113] (1) If standard gas cylinders are used for direct gas supply: the gas cylinder outlet is connected in sequence to a pressure reducing valve (adjust the outlet pressure to 0.1-0.2MPa), a safety solenoid valve, and a precision filter, and finally flows into the gas mixing buffer tank. The gas release rate is controlled at 0.1-1L / min by adjusting the mass flow controller through the main control system, and the mixed gas is injected into the main body of the pool through the release device.

[0114] (2) If an embedded reaction tank is used to simulate biochemical gas production: add substrate (such as sulfur-containing organic matter) and bacteria to the embedded reaction tank at the bottom of the main body of the tank, start the micro heater in the reaction tank, control the reaction temperature at 25-35℃ through the temperature sensor, and adjust the pH value in the reaction tank to 6.5-7.5 to simulate the actual biochemical gas production process.

[0115] Release method selection: Based on experimental requirements, select microporous aeration release heads distributed at the bottom of the pool (simulating gas production from sludge at the bottom of the pool) or sidewall diffusion release heads arranged in the lower part of the pool wall (simulating gas production from biofilm on the pool wall) to ensure that the pollutant release location is consistent with the actual scenario.

[0116] (4) During the experiment, the gas leak detection sensor works continuously. Once an abnormal leak is detected, the system will trigger an alarm and automatically shut off the gas source solenoid valve.

[0117] 3) Data Acquisition and Trajectory Tracking

[0118] (1) Start the data acquisition system to collect the concentrations of oxygen, hydrogen sulfide, methane, and combustible gas in the sewage treatment tank and the wind speed online. At the same time, collect the wind speed, temperature and humidity of the atmospheric environment and record the physicochemical indicators (such as pH, COD, BOD and salinity).

[0119] (2) Start the pollutant movement trajectory testing system: release the fluorescent tracer and simultaneously turn on the ultraviolet light source array arranged on the four walls and top of the pool body to excite the fluorescent tracer to emit fluorescence. High-speed cameras installed on the top and sides of the pool body are equipped with filters that match the emission wavelength of the tracer to capture and record the diffusion path and distribution cloud map of pollutants in the pool in real time. The image data is synchronously stored in the hard disk of the main control system for subsequent trajectory analysis.

[0120] 4) Testing of gas generation and emission mechanisms and distribution patterns under different conditions

[0121] (1) Natural state. All disturbance simulation systems and mechanical ventilation systems were shut down, and only the external atmospheric environment simulation system was kept running stably. The wastewater / pickled liquid was allowed to ferment over time. The gas concentration and physicochemical parameters of the wastewater / pickled liquid were collected during this period, and the relationship between gas concentration and physicochemical parameters as well as fermentation time was analyzed.

[0122] (2) Disturbance state. The disturbance simulation system was started, and the main control system controlled the waterproof motor to move along the horizontal slide rail at a speed of 0.1-0.5 m / s. At the same time, the motor speed was adjusted to drive the spiral stirring blade to stir the liquid in the tank at different speeds of 50-200 r / min. Each speed gradient was run stably for 1 hour. The data acquisition system recorded the differences in gas release rate and spatial distribution under different disturbance intensities to study the promoting / inhibiting effect of fluid disturbance on gas release.

[0123] Natural ventilation mode. The main control system adjusts the automatic opening and closing of the pool's main cover, setting three operating conditions: cover fully open (100% opening area), only the circular inlet / outlet on the cover open (10%-15% opening area), and cover fully closed (control group). Each condition is maintained for 2 hours, and the rate of decrease in the concentration of toxic and harmful gases in the pool over time is recorded. The dilution effect of natural ventilation on the gases under different opening and closing states is compared to determine the optimal natural ventilation method.

[0124] Mechanical ventilation status. Start the mechanical ventilation system and set three ventilation modes:

[0125] Mode 1 Positive pressure air supply only: Start the axial flow fan, adjust the air speed of the main air supply duct to 2-4m / s, open the electric air valves of the air vents on the top and side walls of the pool body, and close the lower air vents;

[0126] Mode 2 Negative pressure exhaust only: Start the centrifugal fan, adjust the main exhaust duct speed to 3-5m / s, open the electric air valves at the bottom and side walls of the pool body, and close the upper air vent.

[0127] Mode 3 Positive and Negative Pressure Combination: Simultaneously start the axial flow fan and centrifugal fan, set the wind speed to 2m / s and 3m / s respectively, and open all air outlet electric dampers.

[0128] Each mode was run stably for 1 hour, and the time it took for the gas concentration in the pool to drop to a safe threshold was recorded. The gas exhaust efficiency of different mechanical ventilation modes was analyzed.

[0129] 5) End of Experiment and System Cleanup

[0130] (1) After the experiment, the main control system shuts down each subsystem in the preset order: first shut down the pollutant rapid generation and release system, then shut down the external atmospheric environment simulation system, disturbance simulation system, pollutant movement trajectory test system, and finally stop the data acquisition system to ensure that each device shuts down in an orderly manner.

[0131] (2) Start the water supply and drainage system and discharge the waste liquid in the pool through the drain pipe at the lowest point of the pool bottom. The waste liquid must be neutralized and discharged only after it meets the discharge standards. If there are residual pollutants on the inner wall of the pool body, open the water injection solenoid valve to inject clean water and start the disturbance simulation system to stir for 10-15 minutes for cleaning. After cleaning, discharge the wastewater. Then turn on the mechanical ventilation system to force ventilation of the automatically opening and closing pool body for more than 30 minutes. Equipment maintenance can only be carried out after the gas sensor detects that the environment is safe.

[0132] (3) Data backup and organization: Export the experimental data stored in the main control system, including gas concentration, environmental parameters, liquid physicochemical parameters, and high-speed camera images, to a USB flash drive and simultaneously upload them to the cloud storage. The data is also labeled to facilitate subsequent modeling analysis and result traceability.

[0133] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims. The information disclosed in the background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background technology of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or implication in any way that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A simulation experimental device for the generation and emission mechanism and transport of toxic gases in a confined space, characterized in that, It includes the outer frame of the environmental simulation chamber, the main control system, the external atmospheric environment simulation system, the automatically opening and closing pool body, the disturbance simulation system, the data acquisition system, the mechanical ventilation system, the water supply and drainage system, the pollutant rapid generation and release system, and the pollutant movement trajectory testing system. The external atmospheric environment simulation system, the automatically opening and closing pool body, the disturbance simulation system, the data acquisition system, the mechanical ventilation system, the water supply and drainage system, the pollutant rapid generation and release system, and the pollutant movement trajectory testing system are all connected to the main control system. The disturbance simulation system is installed inside the pool body; The external atmospheric environment simulation system is used to simulate the external atmospheric environment; The automatically opening and closing pool body is used to provide experimental space and simulate the opening and closing state; The disturbance simulation system is used to simulate fluid disturbances within the pool. The data acquisition system is used to monitor and record experimental parameters in real time; The mechanical ventilation system is used to simulate forced ventilation conditions of varying intensities; The water supply and drainage system is used to control the liquid level and media replacement in the pool. The main control system serves as the control center; The rapid pollutant generation and release system is used to controllably generate and inject target pollutants; The pollutant trajectory testing system is used to visualize the transport path of pollutants.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external atmospheric environment simulation system includes an industrial blower, an air conditioner, and a humidifier.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top cover of the automatically opening and closing pool body adopts a structure driven by an electric winding shaft and moving along a guide rail. Its edge is provided with a sealing strip, and the top cover is provided with a circular inlet and outlet for manually opening a small top cover.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disturbance simulation system includes a horizontal slide rail set in the pool and a waterproof motor placed on the slide rail and moving thereon. The drive shaft of the moving motor is connected to a spiral stirring blade. The waterproof motor is connected to the power supply system through a drag chain cable or a sliding contact line system.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition system includes gas sensors, environmental sensors, and physicochemical parameter sensors.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical ventilation system adopts a multi-outlet matrix arrangement, including a positive pressure air supply device and a negative pressure air exhaust device.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply and drainage system includes a level sensor, a drainage pump, a drainage pipe, a water injection solenoid valve, and a water injection pipe.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rapid pollutant generation and release system includes multiple standard gas cylinders connected in parallel, a gas mixing buffer tank, a mass flow controller, and an embedded reaction tank inside the main body of the pool. The release device includes microporous aeration release heads distributed at the bottom of the pool and sidewall diffusion release heads arranged on the pool wall.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pollutant trajectory testing system includes a fluorescent tracer, an ultraviolet light source array arranged in the main body of the pool, and a high-speed camera. The high-speed camera is equipped with a filter that matches the emission wavelength of the tracer.

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